TWI678419B - Aluminum-based composite material and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

An aluminum-based composite material and a manufacturing method thereof. The manufacturing method comprises the steps of: providing an aluminum alloy powder, including a plurality of aluminum alloy powder particles, and the particle size of the aluminum alloy powder particles is a micron size; and providing a ceramic powder, including multiple Ceramic powder particles, the particle size of the ceramic powder particles is nanometer size; a hydrolysis mixing step is performed, the aluminum alloy powder and the ceramic powder are put into water for hydrolysis and mixing, so that the ceramic powder particles adhere to the aluminum alloy powder with water as a medium The surface of the granules to form a paste-like aluminum-based composite material with moisture and ceramic powder particles adhered to the surface; and performing a drying step to evaporate the moisture of the paste-like aluminum-based composite material to obtain a powder with ceramic powder particles attached to the surface Aluminum-based composite material; wherein the weight ratio of aluminum alloy powder to ceramic powder is 95 ~ 97wt% of aluminum alloy powder and 3 ~ 5wt% of ceramic powder.

Description

Aluminum-based composite material and manufacturing method thereof

The invention relates to a metal-based composite material and a manufacturing method thereof, and particularly to an aluminum-based composite material combined with a ceramic material and a manufacturing method thereof.

Metal matrix composite (MMC) combines the characteristics of two different materials to improve the shortcomings of traditional single materials by complementing each other's defects. Its properties are determined by the characteristics of the base material and the reinforcing phase material. The base material is mainly a light-weight metal or alloy, and the added reinforcing phase material is mainly a ceramic material.

At present, one of the applications of metal-based composite materials is used as a laminated material. However, the metal-based composite materials traditionally made of composite materials have a low volume fraction of the reinforcing phase material, an uneven distribution of particles in the reinforcing phase, and a Disadvantages of pores.

The main problems to be solved by the present invention are that the metal matrix composite material has the disadvantages that the volume fraction of the reinforcing phase material (ceramic material) is not high, the distribution of the reinforcing phase particles (ceramic powder) is not uniform, and there are shortcomings in the interior. The invention is to develop a hydrolytic mixing method with a simple process and low cost. The aluminum-based composite material prepared by the Ming method can increase the tensile strength and ductility of the aluminum matrix composite material through the gaps between the ceramic powder particles and the aluminum alloy powder particles.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention discloses a method for manufacturing an aluminum-based composite material, which includes: providing an aluminum alloy powder, including a plurality of aluminum alloy powder particles, the particle diameter of the aluminum alloy powder particles being a micron size; providing A ceramic powder includes a plurality of ceramic powder particles, and the particle diameter of the ceramic powder particles is a nanometer size; a hydrolysis mixing step is performed, the aluminum alloy powder and the ceramic powder are put into water for hydrolysis and mixing to make the ceramics The powder particles use water as a medium to adhere to the surfaces of the aluminum alloy powder particles to form a paste-like aluminum-based composite material with moisture and ceramic powder particles on the surface; and a drying step is performed to make the paste-like aluminum-based material The moisture of the composite material is evaporated to obtain a powdery aluminum-based composite material with ceramic powder particles attached to the surface.

In one embodiment, a sieving step is further performed after the hydrolysis and mixing step. The sieving is performed by using a sieve having a mesh size of micrometers, and aluminum having a particle diameter larger than the mesh size. The base composite material is sieved.

In the above embodiment, the mesh aperture of the screen is 54 μm, and the number of meshes is 270 mesh.

In one embodiment, the particle size of the aluminum alloy powder is between 25 and 100 μm, and the particle size of the ceramic powder is between 50 and 100 nm.

In one embodiment, the weight ratio of the aluminum alloy powder to the ceramic powder is 95 to 97 wt% of the aluminum alloy powder and 3 to 5 wt% of the ceramic powder.

In one embodiment, the material of the aluminum alloy powder is aluminum silicon magnesium alloy (AlSi ₁₀ Mg), and the material of the ceramic powder is titanium carbide (TiC).

In one embodiment, the material of the aluminum alloy powder is aluminum silicon magnesium alloy (AlSi ₁₀ Mg), and the material of the ceramic powder is silicon carbide (SiC).

In one embodiment, the drying step is performed by heat treatment.

Through the method for manufacturing an aluminum-based composite material according to the present invention, the present invention proposes an aluminum-based composite material, including: a plurality of aluminum alloy powder particles, the material of the aluminum alloy powder particles is aluminum silicon magnesium alloy (AlSi ₁₀ Mg) And a plurality of titanium carbide (TiC) powder particles attached to the surfaces of the aluminum alloy powder particles; wherein the weight ratio of the aluminum alloy powder particles to the titanium carbide powder particles is 95 to 97 wt% Titanium carbide powder 3 ~ 5wt%.

Through the method for manufacturing an aluminum-based composite material according to the present invention, the present invention proposes an aluminum-based composite material, including: a plurality of aluminum alloy powder particles, the material of the aluminum alloy powder particles is aluminum silicon magnesium alloy (AlSi ₁₀ Mg) ; And a plurality of silicon carbide (SiC) powder particles attached to the surfaces of the aluminum alloy powder particles; wherein the weight ratio of the aluminum alloy powder particles to the silicon carbide powder particles is 95 to 97 wt% Silicon carbide powder particles 3 ~ 5wt%.

The manufacturing method of the aluminum-based composite material and the aluminum-based composite material prepared by the invention have the characteristics of simple method process and low required cost. The aluminum-based composite material prepared by the manufacturing method of the present invention can be empirically verified that nanometer-sized ceramic powder can be mixed with micron-level aluminum alloy particles to suppress the crystalline growth of the aluminum alloy, and achieve the effect of grain refinement, thereby improving the Composite materials are used for tensile strength and ductility after lamination.

1‧‧‧ aluminum-based composite material

1’‧‧‧ paste-like aluminum-based composite material

2‧‧‧ screen

21‧‧‧ mesh

D‧‧‧ Aperture

3‧‧‧laser unit

A‧‧‧Aluminum alloy powder

A’‧‧‧ aluminum alloy powder

B‧‧‧ceramic powder

B’‧‧‧ceramic powder

H‧‧‧Heat treatment

W‧‧‧ Water

S1‧‧‧Aluminum-based composite material manufacturing method

S11 ~ 14‧‧‧step

S2‧‧‧Aluminum-based composite material manufacturing method

S21 ~ 25‧‧‧step

FIG. 1A is a flowchart of a manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1B is a flowchart of a manufacturing method according to another embodiment of the present invention; 2A to 2B are schematic diagrams of the hydrolysis mixing step according to the present invention; FIG. 2C is a schematic diagram of the sieving step according to the present invention; FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram of the drying step of the aluminum-based composite material according to the present invention; and FIG. 3B is the aluminum according to the present invention. 4A is a schematic view of the laser melting of the aluminum-based composite material used in the laminated manufacturing of the present invention; FIG. 4B is a schematic view of the crystal structure of the aluminum-based composite material used in the laminated manufacturing of the present invention; FIG. 4C is The relationship between the micro-hardness and energy density of composite materials; Figure 4D is a test data chart of tensile strength and elongation of composite materials and general materials.

In the method for manufacturing an aluminum-based composite material of the present invention, an aluminum alloy powder and a ceramic powder are poured into water together in a hydrolytic mixing manner, and the ceramic powder particles are adhered to the surface of the aluminum alloy powder particles with water as a medium, and the drying step The moisture in the paste-like aluminum-based composite material is evaporated to prepare a powdery aluminum-based composite material, which has a simple process and low cost, and the prepared aluminum-based composite material has better tensile strength and elongation performance.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method S1 for manufacturing an aluminum-based composite material. Referring to FIG. 1A, the steps include:

Step S11: Provide an aluminum alloy powder, including a plurality of aluminum alloy powder particles, and the particle size of the aluminum alloy powder particles is a micron-sized size.

Step S12: Provide a ceramic powder including a plurality of ceramic powder particles, and the particle size of the ceramic powder particles is a nanometer size.

Step S13: Perform a hydrolysis mixing step, put the aluminum alloy powder and the ceramic powder into water for hydrolysis and mixing, and make the ceramic powder particles adhere to the surfaces of the aluminum alloy powder particles with water as a medium to form a surface. Pasty aluminum-based composite with moisture and ceramic particles.

Step S14: A drying step is performed to evaporate the moisture of the pasty aluminum-based composite material to obtain a powdery aluminum-based composite material with ceramic powder particles adhered on the surface.

In another embodiment, the present invention further provides a method S2 for manufacturing an aluminum-based composite material. Please refer to FIG. 1B. The steps include:

Step S21: Provide an aluminum alloy powder, including a plurality of aluminum alloy powder particles, and the particle size of the aluminum alloy powder particles is a micron size.

Step S22: Provide a ceramic powder, including a plurality of ceramic powder particles, and the particle diameter of the ceramic powder particles is a nanometer size.

Step S23: Perform a hydrolysis mixing step, put the aluminum alloy powder and the ceramic powder into water for hydrolysis and mixing, and make the ceramic powder particles adhere to the surfaces of the aluminum alloy powder particles with water as a medium to form a surface. Pasty aluminum-based composite with moisture and ceramic particles.

Step S24: A sieving step is performed by sieving with a sieve having a mesh size of micrometers, and screening out the aluminum-based composite material having a particle diameter larger than the mesh size.

Step S25: A drying step is performed to evaporate the moisture of the pasty aluminum-based composite material to obtain a powdery aluminum-based composite material with ceramic powder particles adhered on the surface.

Continue to refer to FIG. 2A to FIG. 2C, FIG. 2A to FIG. 2C As shown in the schematic diagram of the manufacturing method, as shown in FIG. 2A, an aluminum alloy powder A is provided, which includes a plurality of aluminum alloy powder particles A '. The particle diameter of the aluminum alloy powder particles A' is a micron size, and a ceramic is provided. The powder B includes a plurality of ceramic powder particles B ′, and the particle diameter of the ceramic powder particles B ′ is a nanometer size.

As shown in FIG. 2B, a hydrolysis mixing step is performed. The aluminum alloy powder A and the ceramic powder B are put into water W for hydrolysis and mixing, so that the ceramic powder particles B 'adhere to the aluminum alloys with water as a medium The surface of the powder particle A 'forms a paste-like aluminum-based composite material 1' with moisture and ceramic powder particles on its surface.

In one embodiment, the particle size of the aluminum alloy powder A 'is between 25 and 100 μm, and the particle size of the ceramic powder B' is between 50 and 100 nm.

In one embodiment, the weight ratio of the aluminum alloy powder A to the ceramic powder B is 95 to 97 wt% of the aluminum alloy powder and 3 to 5 wt% of the ceramic powder.

In one embodiment, the material of the aluminum alloy powder A is an aluminum-silicon-magnesium alloy (AlSi ₁₀ Mg), and the material of the ceramic powder B is titanium carbide (TiC).

In one embodiment, the material of the aluminum alloy powder A is aluminum silicon magnesium alloy (AlSi ₁₀ Mg), and the material of the ceramic powder B is silicon carbide (SiC).

In another embodiment of FIG. 1B, a sieving step is further included after the hydrolysis and mixing step. As shown in FIG. 2C, the sieving is performed by using a sieve 2 whose mesh opening 21 has a diameter D For the micron level, the pasty aluminum-based composite material 1 ′ is sieved out of the aluminum-based composite material having a particle diameter larger than the mesh opening D of the mesh 21.

In the above embodiment, the pore diameter D of the mesh 21 of the screen 2 is 54 μm, and the number of the mesh 21 is 270 mesh.

Continue to refer to FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B. The sieved paste-like aluminum-based composite material 1 'is composed of aluminum alloy powder particles A' with ceramic powder particles B 'and water W adhered on the surface. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3A, the sieved paste-like aluminum-based composite material 1 ′ is formed into a powder-like aluminum-based composite material 1 through a drying step. In one embodiment, the drying step is performed by a heat treatment H method. As shown in FIG. 3B, an aluminum-based composite material 1 formed of aluminum alloy powder particles A ′ having ceramic powder particles B ′ adhered to the surface can be obtained.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 4A, the aluminum-based composite material 1 prepared by the manufacturing method of the present invention can also be combined with a laser unit 3 to be used in a laminated manufacturing. After actual verification, the surface is combined with the embodiment of the present invention. The titanium-based (TiC) or silicon carbide (SiC) ceramic powder-based aluminum-based composite material 1 is used in laminated manufacturing, and the nano-level (such as the particle size used in the embodiment of the present invention is between 50 and 100 nrn) As shown in FIG. 4B, ceramic powder particles B '(such as titanium carbide or silicon carbide) can be incorporated into the gap of aluminum alloy powder particles A' having a particle size of 25 to 100 μm to inhibit the crystal growth of aluminum alloy elements. After the laser melting of the aluminum alloy powder B ', the grain refining effect can be achieved.

Please refer to FIGS. 4C and 4D. FIG. 4C is a graph showing the relationship between the micro hardness and energy density of the composite material, and FIG. 4D is a test data chart of the tensile strength and elongation of the composite material and the general material.

As shown in FIG. 4C, in the relationship diagram between the micro-hardness and the energy density of the aluminum-based composite material manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present invention, the micro-hardness value of the material is below an energy density value (Energy Density) of 240 J / mm ³ . (Microhardness) is linearly proportional to the energy density value, that is, for aluminum-based composite materials below the Energy Density value of 240 J / mm ³ , the higher the energy density value, the higher the microhardness value (harder) .

The test data of tensile strength and elongation of the composite and general materials shown in Figure 4D shows that the general material test piece (Unreinforced AlSi ₁₀ Mg Part) and two different energy density values (160J / mm ³ and 240J / mm ³ ) of the aluminum-based composite test piece (TiC / AlSi ₁₀ Mg Nanocomposite Part) of the present invention after scanning and melting by the same laser unit, it can be seen from the data representation in FIG. 4D that titanium carbide is bound on the surface Test piece of TiC / AlSi ₁₀ Mg Nanocomposite Part at an energy density value of 160 J / mm ³ , although its tensile strength has increased, but its elongation has decreased slightly, but its energy density value is 240 J / mm The result of the test piece ³ not only has better performance in tensile strength, but the elongation does not decrease, and there is also a tendency to increase. Therefore, the energy density value of the empirical results is used to push back the ceramics. The ratio of the powder to the aluminum alloy powder can be obtained. In the manufacturing method of the present invention, the aluminum-based composite material formed by hydrolyzing and mixing at the weight ratio provided by the present invention can not only improve the tensile strength, but also increase the elongation at the same time. Long rate.

That is, after the aluminum-based composite material manufactured by the present invention is applied to laminated manufacturing, the material has a greater tensile fracture strength value and an increased elongation, which can not only withstand a larger tensile strength value, but also fracture Front ductility is also better.

In summary, the aluminum-based composite material and the manufacturing method disclosed in the present invention have a simple method and low cost in the preparation process, and the prepared aluminum-based composite material can pass through nano-grade ceramic powder. Granules are mixed with micron-level aluminum alloy powder particles, which suppresses the crystalline growth of the aluminum alloy and achieves the effect of grain refinement, so it has better tensile strength and elongation performance.

The foregoing implementation manners or embodiments of the technical means adopted by the present invention are not intended to limit the scope of patent implementation of the present invention. That is, all changes and modifications that are consistent with the meaning of the scope of the patent application of the present invention or made in accordance with the scope of the patent of the present invention Decorations are covered by the scope of the invention patent.

Claims (10)

A method for manufacturing an aluminum-based composite material includes: providing an aluminum alloy powder, including a plurality of aluminum alloy powder particles, the particle diameter of the aluminum alloy powder particles being a micron-sized size; and providing a ceramic powder, including a plurality of ceramic powder particles The particle size of the ceramic powder particles is a nanometer size; a hydrolysis mixing step is performed, the aluminum alloy powder and the ceramic powder are put into water for hydrolysis and mixing, and the ceramic powder particles are adhered to the water with water as a medium. The surface of the aluminum alloy powder particles to form a paste-like aluminum-based composite material with moisture and ceramic powder particles on the surface; and a drying step is performed to evaporate the moisture of the paste-like aluminum-based composite material to obtain a surface with Powdery aluminum-based composite material with ceramic powder. The method for manufacturing an aluminum-based composite material according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, further comprising: performing a sieving step after the hydrolysis and mixing step, which is sieved with a sieve, and the pore size of the sieve is At the micron level, the aluminum-based composite material having a particle size larger than the mesh pore size is screened out. The method for manufacturing an aluminum-based composite material according to item 2 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the mesh pore size of the screen is 54 μm and the number of meshes is 270 mesh. According to the method for manufacturing an aluminum-based composite material according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, the particle diameter of the aluminum alloy powder particles is between 25 and 100 μm, and the particle diameter of the ceramic powder particles is between 50 and 100 nm. The method for manufacturing an aluminum-based composite material according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the weight ratio of the aluminum alloy powder to the ceramic powder is 95 to 97 wt% of the aluminum alloy powder and 3 to 5 wt% of the ceramic powder. The method for manufacturing an aluminum-based composite material according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the material of the aluminum alloy powder is aluminum silicon magnesium alloy (AlSi ₁₀ Mg), and the material of the ceramic powder is titanium carbide (TiC) . The method for manufacturing an aluminum-based composite material according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the material of the aluminum alloy powder is aluminum silicon magnesium alloy (AlSi ₁₀ Mg), and the material of the ceramic powder is silicon carbide (SiC) . The method for manufacturing an aluminum-based composite material according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the drying step is a heat treatment method. An aluminum-based composite material manufactured by the method for manufacturing an aluminum-based composite material according to item 1 of the scope of application for a patent includes a plurality of aluminum alloy powder particles, and the material of the aluminum alloy powder particles is aluminum silicon magnesium alloy (AlSi ₁₀ Mg); and a plurality of titanium carbide (TiC) powder particles attached to the surfaces of the aluminum alloy powder particles; wherein the weight ratio of the aluminum alloy powder particles to the titanium carbide powder particles is 95% of aluminum alloy powder particles. 97wt%, titanium carbide powder 3 ~ 5wt%. An aluminum-based composite material manufactured by the method for manufacturing an aluminum-based composite material according to item 1 of the scope of application for a patent includes a plurality of aluminum alloy powder particles, and the material of the aluminum alloy powder particles is aluminum silicon magnesium alloy (AlSi ₁₀ Mg); and a plurality of silicon carbide (SiC) powder particles attached to the surfaces of the aluminum alloy powder particles; wherein the weight ratio of the aluminum alloy powder particles to the silicon carbide powder particles is 95% aluminum alloy powder particles. 97wt%, silicon carbide powder particles 3 ~ 5wt%.