TWI513533B - Multi-servo processing machine having both functions of stamping and forging - Google Patents
Multi-servo processing machine having both functions of stamping and forging Download PDFInfo
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- TWI513533B TWI513533B TW102133763A TW102133763A TWI513533B TW I513533 B TWI513533 B TW I513533B TW 102133763 A TW102133763 A TW 102133763A TW 102133763 A TW102133763 A TW 102133763A TW I513533 B TWI513533 B TW I513533B
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims description 126
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 142
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 104
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 101
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 8
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013211 curve analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Description
本創作是關於一種沖鍛機構,尤指一種兼具沖壓及鍛造功能之伺服複合加工機創作。This creation is about a punching and forging mechanism, especially a servo compound processing machine that combines stamping and forging functions.
傳統的曲柄機構式沖鍛機構包含有沖壓機與鍛造機兩種型式,其主要係依據沖壓或鍛造等特定目的而設計其運動機構之運動曲線。該沖壓機機雖能提供沖壓或鍛造等特定之機械加工功能,但由於其曲柄機構之運動曲線特性不佳,而僅能提供沖壓或鍛造等單一功能。The conventional crank mechanism type punching and forging mechanism includes two types of punching machines and forging machines, and the motion curves of the moving mechanisms are mainly designed according to specific purposes such as stamping or forging. Although the press machine can provide specific machining functions such as stamping or forging, it can only provide a single function such as stamping or forging because of the poor motion curve characteristics of the crank mechanism.
為克服傳統曲機構式沖鍛機構單一功能的問能,有人即進一步研發創作出多桿機構式沖壓機或鍛造機,其主要係利用桿件尺寸的合成,來達成兼具沖壓或鍛造之多功能。惟多桿機構式油壓機或鍛造機,雖具備提供兼具沖壓、鍛造之多功能,但是,其多桿機構必須因應不同沖壓、鍛造等不同功能而作機構上的合成變化,因多桿機構中關連之部件涉及變化廣,造成機構的合成變化創作的難度高。In order to overcome the single function of the traditional curved mechanism forging and forging mechanism, some people have further developed and created a multi-bar mechanism punching machine or forging machine, which mainly uses the combination of the size of the rod to achieve the combination of stamping or forging. Features. However, the multi-bar mechanism hydraulic press or forging machine has the versatility of providing both stamping and forging. However, the multi-rod mechanism must be made into a synthetic change in the mechanism in response to different functions such as different stamping and forging, due to the multi-rod mechanism. The related components involve a wide range of changes, making it difficult to create synthetic changes in the organization.
此外,尚有人利用設伺服沖壓機或電子凸輪等設備之創作,使其兼具沖壓或鍛造等不同功能。惟前述伺服沖壓機或電子凸輪等沖鍛機構中所使用的伺服馬達必需因應輸出動力之大小而選用相應馬力之構件,目前產業 大多以運用較小馬力之伺服馬達為主,而大動力場合則相對須使用較大馬力之伺服馬達,而有設備成本偏高之問題。In addition, some people have used the creation of equipment such as servo presses or electronic cams to make them have different functions such as stamping or forging. However, the servo motor used in the above-mentioned servo press or electronic cam and other punching and forging mechanism must select the corresponding horsepower component according to the size of the output power. Most of them use servo motors with smaller horsepower, while large powers require relatively large horsepower servo motors, and the cost of equipment is high.
本創作之主要目的在於提供一種兼具剪斷、彎曲、鍛造與引伸等沖壓及鍛造功能之伺服複合加工機,希藉此創作,解決現有沖壓機單機單一功能、直接伺服驅動需大動力與多桿機構桿件尺寸合成創作不易等問題為達成前揭目的,本創作所提出之兼具沖壓及鍛造功能之伺服複合加工機係包含:一基座;一伺服驅動裝置,其包含一受控於外部控制器之伺服馬達,該伺服馬達結合一減速機組連接一動力輸入軸,動力輸入軸樞設於基座中;一沖剪曲線凸輪機構,其包含一沖剪動力傳動軸以及一沖剪曲線凸輪裝置,沖剪動力傳動軸樞設於基座中且平行於動力輸入軸,沖剪曲線凸輪裝置連接於動力輸入軸與沖剪動力傳動軸之間;一沖鍛曲線凸輪機構,其包含一沖鍛動力傳動軸以及一沖鍛曲線凸輪裝置,沖鍛動力傳動軸係樞設於基座中且平行於動力輸入軸,沖鍛曲線凸輪裝置連接於動力輸入軸與沖剪動力傳動軸之間;一離合傳動機構,其包含一輪系傳動裝置、一沖剪離合器、一沖鍛離合器與一直接驅動離合器,所述輪系傳動裝置包含一第一從動軸、一第二從動軸、一傳動輸出軸以 及傳動輪組,第一從動軸、第二從動軸及傳動輸出軸樞設於基座上,傳動輸出軸對應於動力輸入軸,傳動輪組連接於第一從動軸、第二從動軸以及傳動輸出軸之間傳動,沖剪離合器連接第一從動軸與沖剪動力傳動軸之間,沖鍛離合器連接第二從動軸與沖鍛動力傳動軸之間,直接驅動離合器連接傳動輸出軸與動力輸入軸之間,且沖剪離合器、沖鍛離合器與直接驅動離合器三者係受控於外部控制器,且其中任一離合器切換為連動狀態,其餘二離合器則切換為不連動狀態;以及一沖鍛機構,係以其沖鍛驅動軸結合傳動輸出軸。The main purpose of this creation is to provide a servo compound processing machine with both stamping and forging functions such as shearing, bending, forging and extension. It is intended to solve the single function of the existing punching machine, and the direct servo drive requires more power and more. The problem that the size of the rod mechanism is difficult to synthesize and the like is achieved. The servo multi-tasking machine which has both stamping and forging functions proposed by the present invention comprises: a base; a servo drive device, which comprises a controlled a servo motor of the external controller, the servo motor is coupled with a speed reducer unit to a power input shaft, and the power input shaft is pivoted in the base; a punching and shearing curve cam mechanism includes a punching power transmission shaft and a punching curve a cam device, the punching power transmission shaft is pivoted in the base and parallel to the power input shaft, the punching curve cam device is connected between the power input shaft and the punching power transmission shaft; and a punching and bending curve cam mechanism comprises a A forging power transmission shaft and a punching and forging curve cam device, the forging power transmission shaft is pivoted in the base and parallel to the power input shaft, and is forged The line cam device is coupled between the power input shaft and the shear power transmission shaft; a clutch transmission mechanism including a wheel train, a punch clutch, a punch clutch and a direct drive clutch, the wheel train The utility model comprises a first driven shaft, a second driven shaft and a transmission output shaft And the transmission wheel set, the first driven shaft, the second driven shaft and the transmission output shaft are pivoted on the base, the transmission output shaft corresponds to the power input shaft, and the transmission wheel set is connected to the first driven shaft and the second slave The transmission shaft and the transmission output shaft are driven between the first driven shaft and the punching power transmission shaft, and the forging clutch is connected between the second driven shaft and the forging power transmission shaft to directly drive the clutch connection. Between the transmission output shaft and the power input shaft, and the shear clutch, the forging clutch and the direct drive clutch are controlled by the external controller, and any one of the clutches is switched to the interlocking state, and the other two clutches are switched to the non-coupling State; and a punching and forging mechanism, with its forging drive shaft combined with the transmission output shaft.
由前揭伺服複合加工機之技術特徵中可知,其主要利用二組各具有沖剪曲線與沖鍛曲線之凸輪機構與一直接驅動,搭配具有三組離合器之離合傳動機構連接於伺服驅動裝置所驅動之動力輸入軸與沖鍛機構之間,使其可依工作所需,選擇相應功能之具有特定數值曲線的凸輪機構或直接驅動,另利用伺服馬達來小量改變沖壓點輸入轉速,來調整沖壓與鍛造之沖模運動曲線,達到一機兼具剪斷(cutting)、彎曲(blending)、鍛造(forging)、引伸(drawing)等多種不同功能之多功效能,且本創作可利用現有沖壓機或鍛造機機台作為沖鍛機構,藉由所述凸輪機構、離合傳動機構與伺服馬達來完成提升現有鍛造機之功能,達到克服直接伺服驅動動力限制,和現有曲柄機構沖壓機或鍛造機,其運動曲線對沖壓特性不佳與多桿機構式沖壓機或鍛造機桿件單一功能,並克服多桿機構桿件尺寸合成創作不易等問題。It can be seen from the technical features of the prior servo multi-function processing machine that it mainly uses two sets of cam mechanisms each having a punching curve and a forging curve and a direct drive, and is coupled with a clutch drive mechanism having three sets of clutches to be connected to the servo drive device. Between the driving power input shaft and the punching and forging mechanism, it can select the cam mechanism with a specific numerical curve or direct drive according to the work required, and use the servo motor to change the input speed of the punching point to adjust Stamping and forging die movement curve, to achieve a combination of cutting, bending, forging, drawing and many other functions, and the existing press can be used in this creation Or the forging machine machine as a punching and forging mechanism, the cam mechanism, the clutching transmission mechanism and the servo motor are used to complete the function of the existing forging machine to overcome the direct servo drive power limitation, and the existing crank mechanism punching machine or forging machine, Its motion curve has a single function for poor stamping characteristics and multi-bar mechanism punching or forging machine parts, and overcomes multi-rod mechanism Problems such as the difficulty in synthesizing the dimensions of the members.
進一步言,本創作兼具沖壓及鍛造功能之伺服複合加工機之創作,還具備以下優點:Furthermore, the creation of a servo multi-tasking machine with both stamping and forging functions has the following advantages:
1.本創作伺服複合加工機可因應剪斷、彎曲、鍛造、引伸等作業之需求,利用控制伺服馬達之速度變化來改變沖壓時序,由於經過具數值多功曲線之凸輪機構,可使伺服馬達改變輸入轉速範圍減小,伺服馬達所需動力減小而能產生驅動大動力沖鍛機構之能力,達成一機多功大動力之效能。1. The servo multi-function processing machine can change the press timing by controlling the speed change of the servo motor in response to the requirements of cutting, bending, forging, extension, etc., and the servo motor can be obtained by the cam mechanism with numerical multi-function curve. By changing the input speed range, the power required by the servo motor is reduced, and the ability to drive the large power forging mechanism can be generated, and the performance of one machine multi-power and large power can be achieved.
2.本創作係透過凸輪機構使其沖鍛機構之輸入軸作非對稱運動,來達成沖壓速度緩慢與沖模快速下壓返回之沖壓特性與具長時間暫停之鍛造特性等所須沖模運動曲線,克服連桿機構路徑規劃之複雜度與困難,使吻合沖鍛機構慢壓快回之運動特性。2. The creative system makes the asymmetric movement of the input shaft of the punching and forging mechanism through the cam mechanism, and achieves the die movement curve of the stamping property of the stamping speed and the rapid pressing back of the die and the forging property with a long pause. Overcoming the complexity and difficulty of the path planning of the linkage mechanism, the motion characteristics of the quick-pressing and quick-returning of the punching and forging mechanism are matched.
3.本創作係利用二組具有不同數值曲線之凸輪機構來達成沖壓與鍛造所須沖模運動曲線以及直接驅動等模式,且利用離合傳動機構中之三組離合器來變換沖壓與鍛造不同需求之凸輪機構與沖鍛機構連動。3. This creation department uses two sets of cam mechanisms with different numerical curves to achieve the die movement curve and direct drive modes of stamping and forging, and uses three sets of clutches in the clutch transmission mechanism to change the cams with different requirements for stamping and forging. The organization is linked to the rushing and forging agency.
4.本創作能利用伺服馬達來改變沖壓點少量輸入轉速,來微調沖壓與鍛造之沖模運動曲線,能有效提升驅動動力,使該伺服複合加工機功能更為廣泛,達成一機多功之效能。4. This creation can use the servo motor to change the input speed of the punching point to finely adjust the die motion curve of stamping and forging, which can effectively improve the driving power, make the servo compound processing machine more widely functioning, and achieve the performance of one machine. .
本創作所提出之伺服複合加工機可於連接沖鍛機構之傳動輸出軸或動力輸入軸經由時規皮帶輪連接角度感測器,利用角度感測器搭配控制器來控制伺服馬達改變沖壓點的輸入轉速與旋轉位置,或令沖鍛機構中裝設連 接控制器之線性編碼器,進行量測上模座之線性移動距離,以確保製程週期與定位,使該伺服複合加工機功能更為廣泛,以滿足不同加工作業的需求。The servo compound processing machine proposed by the present invention can connect the angle sensor of the transmission output shaft or the power input shaft of the punching and forging mechanism via the timing pulley, and the angle sensor is combined with the controller to control the input of the servo motor to change the punching point. Speed and rotation position, or install the connection in the forging mechanism The linear encoder of the controller is used to measure the linear moving distance of the upper mold base to ensure the process cycle and positioning, so that the servo compound processing machine functions more widely to meet the needs of different processing operations.
而本創作使用之伺服馬達主要進行小量速度變化,即以二組具非對稱數值曲線之凸輪機構使機構輸入軸進行擺動運動,達到短行程快速沖壓與長行程具暫停慢速鍛造之製程運動方式,再經由伺服馬達於沖壓或鍛造點處作小量速度變化,使運動行程作小量變化,即沖壓剪斷製程經小量改變達到彎曲製程,鍛造製程經小量改變達到更長行程引伸製程。The servo motor used in this creation mainly performs small-volume speed change, that is, two sets of cam mechanisms with asymmetric numerical curves make the input shaft of the mechanism oscillate, and the short-stroke rapid punching and long-stroke suspension slow-forging process movement is achieved. In the way, a small amount of speed change is made at the stamping or forging point by the servo motor, so that the movement stroke is changed by a small amount, that is, the punching and shearing process is changed to a bending process by a small amount, and the forging process is changed by a small amount to reach a longer stroke extension. Process.
1‧‧‧基座1‧‧‧Base
2‧‧‧伺服驅動裝置2‧‧‧Servo drive
20‧‧‧伺服馬達20‧‧‧Servo motor
21‧‧‧減速機組21‧‧‧Reducing unit
22‧‧‧動力輸入軸22‧‧‧Power input shaft
221‧‧‧第一時規皮帶輪組221‧‧‧First time gauge pulley set
222‧‧‧第一角度編碼器222‧‧‧First angle encoder
3‧‧‧沖剪曲線凸輪機構3‧‧‧shearing curve cam mechanism
30‧‧‧沖剪動力傳動軸30‧‧‧shearing power transmission shaft
31‧‧‧沖剪曲線凸輪裝置31‧‧‧shearing curve cam device
32‧‧‧沖剪曲線凸輪組32‧‧‧shearing curve cam group
33‧‧‧沖剪動力從動構件33‧‧‧Crushing power driven components
4‧‧‧沖鍛曲線凸輪機構4‧‧‧Sweep forging curve cam mechanism
40‧‧‧沖鍛動力傳動軸40‧‧‧forging power transmission shaft
41‧‧‧沖鍛曲線凸輪裝置41‧‧‧Sweep forging curve cam device
42‧‧‧沖鍛曲線凸輪組42‧‧‧forging curve cam group
43‧‧‧沖鍛動力從動構件43‧‧‧Forging power driven components
5‧‧‧離合傳動機構5‧‧‧Clutch transmission mechanism
50‧‧‧輪系傳動裝置50‧‧‧wheel drive
501‧‧‧第一從動軸501‧‧‧First driven shaft
502‧‧‧第二從動軸502‧‧‧Second slave axis
503‧‧‧傳動輸出軸503‧‧‧Transmission output shaft
504‧‧‧傳動輪組504‧‧‧Drive wheel set
505‧‧‧第二時規皮帶輪組505‧‧‧Second timing pulley set
506‧‧‧第二角度編碼器506‧‧‧Second angle encoder
51‧‧‧沖剪離合器51‧‧‧shear clutch
52‧‧‧沖鍛離合器52‧‧‧forging clutch
53‧‧‧直接驅動離合器53‧‧‧Direct drive clutch
6‧‧‧沖鍛機構6‧‧‧Aging mechanism
60‧‧‧下模座60‧‧‧ lower mold base
61‧‧‧上模座61‧‧‧Upper mold base
611‧‧‧線性編碼器611‧‧‧linear encoder
62‧‧‧曲柄軸62‧‧‧ crankshaft
63‧‧‧沖鍛驅動軸63‧‧‧Forging drive shaft
64‧‧‧連桿64‧‧‧ linkage
7‧‧‧控制器7‧‧‧ Controller
C-MCV‧‧‧修正型等速沖剪曲線C-MCV‧‧‧corrected constant velocity shear curve
C-RBS1‧‧‧對稱型數值沖剪曲線C-RBS1‧‧‧symmetric numerical punching curve
C-RBS2‧‧‧非對稱型數值沖剪曲線C-RBS2‧‧‧Asymmetric numerical punching curve
F-MCV‧‧‧修正型等速沖鍛曲線F-MCV‧‧‧corrected constant velocity forging curve
F-MS‧‧‧修正型正弦沖鍛曲線F-MS‧‧‧corrected sinusoidal forging curve
F-RBS2‧‧‧非對稱型數值沖鍛曲線F-RBS2‧‧‧Asymmetric numerical forging curve
圖1係本創作兼具沖壓及鍛造功能之伺服複合加工機之一較佳實施例的平面示意圖。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a plan view showing a preferred embodiment of a servo compound processing machine having both stamping and forging functions.
圖2係圖1所示伺服複合加工機割面線2-2位置與離合傳動機構之側視平面示意圖。2 is a side plan view showing the position of the cutting surface line 2-2 of the servo compound processing machine shown in FIG. 1 and the clutch transmission mechanism.
圖3係圖1及圖2所示伺服複合加工機之沖剪曲線凸輪機構與離合傳動機構之側視平面示意圖。3 is a side plan view showing the punching and shearing cam mechanism and the clutching transmission mechanism of the servo compound processing machine shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
圖4係圖1及圖2所示伺服複合加工機之沖鍛曲線凸輪機構與離合傳動機構之側視平面示意圖。4 is a side plan view showing the punching and forging cam mechanism and the clutching transmission mechanism of the servo compound processing machine shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
圖5係圖1所示伺服複合加工機割面線5-5位置之側視平面示意圖。Figure 5 is a side plan view showing the position of the cutting line 5-5 of the servo compound processing machine shown in Figure 1.
圖6係本創作兼具沖壓及鍛造功能之伺服複合加工機之構造方塊示意圖。Figure 6 is a block diagram showing the construction of a servo compound processing machine with both stamping and forging functions.
圖7係本創作於鍛造、引伸、彎曲及沖剪製程之方塊 示意圖。Figure 7 is the block created by the forging, extension, bending and punching process. schematic diagram.
圖8係本創作鍛造行程或沖壓行程曲線分析圖。Fig. 8 is a graph showing the analysis of the forging stroke or the stroke stroke of the present invention.
圖9a~圖9c本創作係採用不同運動曲線之沖壓及鍛造運動的位移、速度及加速度曲線分析圖。Figures 9a to 9c show the analysis of displacement, velocity and acceleration curves of stamping and forging motions with different motion curves.
圖10a、圖10b係本創作於直接驅動模式之曲線分析圖。Figures 10a and 10b are graphs of the curve analysis of the direct drive mode.
圖11a、圖11b係本創作於單擺驅動模式之曲線分析圖。Figure 11a and Figure 11b are the curve analysis diagrams of the single pendulum drive mode.
圖12a、圖12b係本創作於雙擺驅動模式之曲線分析圖。Figure 12a and Figure 12b show the curve analysis of the double pendulum drive mode.
如圖1及圖6所示,係揭示本創作兼具沖壓及鍛造功能之伺服複合加工機之一較佳實施例平面示意圖及其構造方塊示意圖,該伺服複合加工機係包含一基座1、一動力輸入軸22、一伺服驅動裝置2、一具短暫停特性之沖剪曲線凸輪機構3、一具長暫停特性之沖鍛曲線凸輪機構4、一離合傳動機構5以及一沖鍛機構6。As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 6, a schematic plan view of a preferred embodiment of a servo compound processing machine having both stamping and forging functions and a structural block diagram thereof are disclosed. The servo compound processing machine includes a base 1. A power input shaft 22, a servo drive device 2, a punching curve cam mechanism 3 having a short pause characteristic, a punching curve cam mechanism 4 having a long pause characteristic, a clutch transmission mechanism 5, and a punching mechanism 6.
如圖1所示,所述動力輸入軸22係樞設於基座1中。As shown in FIG. 1 , the power input shaft 22 is pivotally disposed in the base 1 .
如圖1及圖6所示,所述伺服驅動裝置2包含一伺服馬達20以及一減速機組21,所述伺服馬達20設於基座1一側,且伺服馬達20以其心軸連接減速機組21之動力輸入部,減速機組21以其動力輸出部結合聯軸器組接該動力輸入軸22之一端,所述伺服馬達20受控於外部的控制器7,所述伺服馬達20以變頻式伺服馬達為 佳。As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 6, the servo driving device 2 includes a servo motor 20 and a speed reducing unit 21, the servo motor 20 is disposed on the side of the base 1, and the servo motor 20 is connected to the speed reducing unit by its spindle. a power input unit of the power unit 12, wherein the power output unit is coupled to one end of the power input shaft 22 in combination with a coupling, the servo motor 20 is controlled by an external controller 7, and the servo motor 20 is converted. Servo motor is good.
如圖1、圖2與圖3所示,所述具短暫停特性之沖剪曲線凸輪機構3包含一沖剪動力傳動軸30以及一沖剪曲線凸輪裝置31,所述沖剪動力傳動軸30係樞設於基座1中且平行於動力輸入軸22,所述沖剪曲線凸輪裝置31包含一沖剪曲線凸輪組32以及一沖剪動力從動構件33,該沖剪曲線凸輪組32包含有二具有沖剪曲線的凸輪321共軛組設於動力輸入軸22,該沖剪動力從動構件33包含一第一旋轉件331以及樞設於第一旋轉件331上之二第一滾輪332,並以第一旋轉件331組設於沖剪動力傳動軸30上,該第一旋轉件331上的二第一滾輪332分別抵接相應的具有沖剪曲線的凸輪321周緣。As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the punching curve cam mechanism 3 having a short pause characteristic includes a punching power transmission shaft 30 and a punching and shearing curve cam device 31, and the punching power transmission shaft 30 is provided. The punching curve cam device 31 includes a punching curve cam group 32 and a punching power driven member 33, and the punching curve cam group 32 includes A cam 321 having a punching curve is conjugated to the power input shaft 22, and the punching power driven member 33 includes a first rotating member 331 and two first rollers 332 pivotally mounted on the first rotating member 331. And the first rotating member 331 is disposed on the punching power transmission shaft 30, and the two first rollers 332 on the first rotating member 331 respectively abut the corresponding peripheral edge of the cam 321 having the punching curve.
如圖1、圖2及圖4所示,所述具長暫停特性之沖鍛曲線凸輪機構包含一沖鍛動力傳動軸40以及一沖鍛曲線凸輪裝置41,所述沖鍛動力傳動軸40係樞設於基座1中且平行於動力輸入軸22,所述沖鍛曲線凸輪裝置41包含一沖鍛曲線凸輪組42以及一沖鍛動力從動構件43,該沖鍛曲線凸輪組42包含有二具有沖鍛曲線的凸輪421共軛組設於動力輸入軸22,該沖鍛動力從動構件43包含一第二旋轉件431以及樞設於第二旋轉件431上之二第二滾輪432,並以第二旋轉件431組設於沖鍛動力傳動軸40上,該第二旋轉件431上的二第二滾輪432分別抵接相應的具有沖鍛曲線的凸輪421周緣。As shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 , the forging curve cam mechanism having a long pause characteristic includes a punching power transmission shaft 40 and a punching curve cam device 41 , and the punching power transmission shaft 40 is The pivoting cam assembly 41 includes a swaged curved cam set 42 and a swaged power driven member 43 that is pivotally disposed in the base 1 and parallel to the power input shaft 22, and the swaged curved cam set 42 includes The cam 421 having a swaged curve is conjugated to the power input shaft 22, and the swaging power driven member 43 includes a second rotating member 431 and two second rollers 432 pivotally mounted on the second rotating member 431. The second rotating member 431 is disposed on the punching power transmission shaft 40, and the second rotating rollers 432 on the second rotating member 431 respectively abut the corresponding peripheral edge of the cam 421 having the punching curve.
如圖1所示,所述離合傳動機構5係組設於基座1中,該離合傳動機構5包含一輪系傳動裝置50、 一沖剪離合器51、一沖鍛離合器52與一直接驅動離合器53,所述輪系傳動裝置50可為齒輪式機構或其他等效之輪系機構,於本較佳實施例中,該輪系傳動裝置50包含有一第一從動軸501、一第二從動軸502、一傳動輸出軸503以及一傳動輪組504,所述第一從動軸501、第二從動軸502及傳動輸出軸503樞設於基座1上,第一從動軸501對應於沖剪動力傳動軸30,第二從動軸502對應於沖鍛動力傳動軸40,傳動輸出軸503對應於動力輸入軸22,所述傳動輪組504連接第一從動軸501、第二從動軸502以及傳動輸出軸503之間傳動,於本較佳實施例中,所述傳動輪組504係包含三齒輪之齒輪組,該三齒輪分別組設於第一從動軸501、第二從動軸502與傳動輸出軸503上提供等速傳動之功能。As shown in FIG. 1 , the clutch transmission mechanism 5 is assembled in the base 1 , and the clutch transmission mechanism 5 includes a wheel train transmission device 50 , a punching clutch 51, a punching clutch 52 and a direct drive clutch 53, the gear train 50 can be a gear mechanism or other equivalent wheel train, in the preferred embodiment, the train The transmission device 50 includes a first driven shaft 501, a second driven shaft 502, a transmission output shaft 503, and a transmission wheel set 504, the first driven shaft 501, the second driven shaft 502, and the transmission output. The shaft 503 is pivoted on the base 1 , the first driven shaft 501 corresponds to the punching power transmission shaft 30 , the second driven shaft 502 corresponds to the punching power transmission shaft 40 , and the transmission output shaft 503 corresponds to the power input shaft 22 . The transmission wheel set 504 is coupled between the first driven shaft 501, the second driven shaft 502, and the transmission output shaft 503. In the preferred embodiment, the transmission wheel set 504 includes a three-gear gear. The three gears are respectively disposed on the first driven shaft 501, the second driven shaft 502 and the transmission output shaft 503 to provide a constant speed transmission.
如圖1所示,上述的離合傳動機構5中,所述沖剪離合器51連接第一從動軸501與沖剪動力傳動軸30之間,用以選擇性控制沖剪動力傳動軸30是否與第一從動軸501連動,所述沖鍛離合器52連接第二從動軸502與沖鍛動力傳動軸40之間,用以選擇性控制沖鍛動力傳動軸40是否與第二從動軸502連動,所述直接驅動離合器53連接傳動輸出軸503與動力輸入軸22之間,用以選擇性控制力傳動輸出軸503是否與動力輸入軸22連動,沖剪離合器51、沖鍛離合器52與直接驅動離合器53受控於外部的控制器7,且沖剪離合器51、沖鍛離合器52與直接驅動離合器53中之任一離合器受控切換至連動狀態時,其餘二離合器則同步受控切換至不連動狀態,亦 即沖剪離合器51、沖鍛離合器52與直接驅動離合器53三者受控於控制器7而為一連動、二分離不連動之傳動關係。As shown in FIG. 1, in the clutch transmission mechanism 5, the punching clutch 51 is connected between the first driven shaft 501 and the punching power transmission shaft 30 for selectively controlling whether the punching power transmission shaft 30 is The first driven shaft 501 is coupled to the second driven shaft 502 and the forged power transmission shaft 40 for selectively controlling whether the punching power transmission shaft 40 and the second driven shaft 502 are In conjunction, the direct drive clutch 53 is coupled between the transmission output shaft 503 and the power input shaft 22 for selectively controlling whether the power transmission output shaft 503 is interlocked with the power input shaft 22, the shear clutch 51, the forging clutch 52, and the direct The driving clutch 53 is controlled by the external controller 7, and when any one of the punching clutch 51, the forging clutch 52 and the direct drive clutch 53 is controlled to be switched to the interlocking state, the remaining two clutches are synchronously controlled to switch to no Linked state, also That is, the punching clutch 51, the forging clutch 52 and the direct drive clutch 53 are controlled by the controller 7 in a one-link, two-separate non-coupling transmission relationship.
如圖1及圖5所示,所述沖鍛機構6係設於基座1外側,所述沖鍛機構6可為曲柄機構、肘節機構、史蒂文生機構或其他沖壓/鍛造機構,所述沖鍛機構6以其沖鍛驅動軸63結合聯軸器連接傳動輸出軸503,或者,沖鍛驅動軸與傳動輸出軸亦可使用單一軸桿予以取代,於本較佳實施例中,所述沖鍛機構6為曲柄式沖鍛機構,其包含有一下模座60、一上模座61、一連桿64以及至少一曲柄軸62,上模座61係可上下活動地設置於下模座60上方,提供一沖壓下模裝設於下模座60上,以及提供一沖壓上模裝設於下模座60底部,連桿64一端樞接上模座61,連桿64另一端偏心樞接曲柄軸62之曲柄,曲柄軸62之心軸樞設於基座1上作為沖鍛驅動軸63,並結合聯軸器連接傳動輸出軸503。As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 5, the swaging mechanism 6 is disposed outside the base 1. The swaging mechanism 6 may be a crank mechanism, a toggle mechanism, a Stevenson mechanism, or other stamping/forging mechanism. The punching and forging mechanism 6 is coupled to the transmission output shaft 503 by the forging drive shaft 63 in combination with the coupling, or the forging drive shaft and the transmission output shaft may be replaced by a single shaft. In the preferred embodiment, The punching and forging mechanism 6 is a crank type punching mechanism, which comprises a lower die holder 60, an upper die holder 61, a link 64 and at least one crank shaft 62. The upper die holder 61 is movable up and down in the lower die. Above the seat 60, a stamping lower mold is provided on the lower mold base 60, and a stamping upper mold is provided on the bottom of the lower mold base 60. One end of the connecting rod 64 is pivotally connected to the upper mold base 61, and the other end of the connecting rod 64 is eccentric. The crank of the crankshaft 62 is pivotally mounted. The spindle of the crankshaft 62 is pivoted on the base 1 as a punching drive shaft 63, and is coupled to the transmission output shaft 503 in combination with the coupling.
如圖1及圖2所示,所述動力輸入軸22尚可結合一第一時規皮帶輪組221組接一第一角度編碼器222,用以對動力輸入軸22進行旋轉角度量測,所述傳動輸出軸503尚可結合一第二時規皮帶輪組505組接一第二角度編碼器506,用以對沖鍛驅動軸63進行旋轉角度量測,所述沖鍛機構6中設置如線性光學尺等線性編碼器611,用以對上模座61進行線性移動距離的量測,所述第一角度編碼器222、第二角度編碼器506以及線性編碼器611分別電性連接外部的控制器7,用以控制伺服馬達20 改變沖壓點的輸入轉速與旋轉位置,以確保製程週期與定位。As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the power input shaft 22 can be combined with a first timing pulley set 221 to form a first angle encoder 222 for measuring the rotation angle of the power input shaft 22 . The transmission output shaft 503 can be combined with a second timing pulley set 505 to form a second angle encoder 506 for measuring the rotation angle of the forging drive shaft 63. The forging mechanism 6 is provided with linear optics. The ruler linear encoder 611 is configured to measure the linear movement distance of the upper die holder 61, and the first angle encoder 222, the second angle encoder 506, and the linear encoder 611 are electrically connected to the external controller respectively. 7, used to control the servo motor 20 Change the input speed and rotation position of the punching point to ensure process cycle and positioning.
關於本創作兼具沖壓及鍛造功能之伺服複合加工機使用情形,如圖1至圖5所示,其係切換沖剪離合器51、沖鍛離合器52與直接驅動離合器53,而選擇具有沖剪曲線凸輪機構3或具有沖鍛曲線凸輪機構4連接於伺服馬達20與沖鍛機構6之間傳動,或是直接驅動方式,並利用具有沖剪曲線凸輪機構3具有快速沖壓之沖模運動數值曲線,或是具有沖鍛曲線凸輪機構4具有緩慢長時間鍛造之沖模運動數值曲線,再結合伺服馬達20改變沖鍛機構6的沖壓點及轉速,使本創作伺服複合加工機可以一機兼具產生以下剪斷、彎曲、鍛造與引伸等多重功能。Regarding the use of the servo multi-tasking machine which has both the stamping and forging functions, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, it switches the punching clutch 51, the forging clutch 52 and the direct drive clutch 53, and selects a punching curve. The cam mechanism 3 or the swaging curve cam mechanism 4 is connected between the servo motor 20 and the swaging mechanism 6 or directly driven, and uses a punching curve cam mechanism 3 to have a rapid punching die motion value curve, or It is a numerical value curve of the die motion with the forging curve cam mechanism 4 having a long time forging, and the servo motor 20 is used to change the punching point and the rotating speed of the punching and forging mechanism 6, so that the servo-compositing machine can create the following scissors. Multiple functions such as breaking, bending, forging and extension.
所述剪斷功能方面:當沖剪離合器51切換至第一從動軸501與沖剪動力傳動軸30連動之狀態,沖鍛離合器52切換至第二從動軸502與沖鍛動力傳動軸40不連動之狀態,以及直接驅動離合器53切換至動力輸入軸22與沖鍛動力傳動軸40不連動之狀態下,利用伺服馬達20之轉速控制,使具有沖剪曲線凸輪機構3之沖壓點處速度與沖鍛機構6之沖模運動轉速相同時,即獲得剪斷功能,其中,沖模運動之加工行程為工件厚度,且加工速度快,可使工件表面較為平滑。In the shearing function aspect, when the punching clutch 51 is switched to the state in which the first driven shaft 501 is interlocked with the punching power transmission shaft 30, the punching forging clutch 52 is switched to the second driven shaft 502 and the punched power transmission shaft 40. In the non-coupling state, and the direct drive clutch 53 is switched to the state in which the power input shaft 22 and the forging power transmission shaft 40 are not interlocked, the speed of the punching point of the servo motor 20 is controlled by the speed of the servo motor 20 When the rotation speed of the die movement of the punching and forging mechanism 6 is the same, the cutting function is obtained, wherein the machining stroke of the die motion is the thickness of the workpiece, and the machining speed is fast, so that the surface of the workpiece is relatively smooth.
所述彎曲功能方面:當沖剪離合器51切換至第一從動軸501與沖剪動力傳動軸30連動之狀態,沖鍛離合器52切換至第二從動軸502與沖鍛動力傳動軸40不連動之狀態,以及直接驅動離合器53切換至動力輸入軸 22與沖鍛動力傳動軸40不連動之狀態下,利用伺服馬達之轉速控制,使具有沖剪曲線凸輪機構3之沖壓點處速度與沖鍛機構6之沖模運動轉速減慢時,即獲得彎曲功能,其中,沖模運動之加工行程大於工作度為工件厚度,其加工速度依工件材料與外形複雜度而決定。In the bending function aspect, when the punching clutch 51 is switched to the state in which the first driven shaft 501 is interlocked with the punching power transmission shaft 30, the punching forging clutch 52 is switched to the second driven shaft 502 and the punched power transmitting shaft 40. The state of linkage, and the direct drive clutch 53 is switched to the power input shaft When the rotational speed control of the servo motor is used, the speed of the punching point of the punching and bending cam mechanism 3 and the rotational speed of the punching mechanism of the punching mechanism 6 are slowed down, that is, the bending is obtained. Function, wherein the processing stroke of the die motion is greater than the working degree is the thickness of the workpiece, and the processing speed is determined according to the complexity of the workpiece material and the shape.
所述鍛造功能方面:當沖剪離合器51切換至第一從動軸501與沖剪動力傳動軸30不連動之狀態,沖鍛離合器52切換至第二從動軸502與沖鍛動力傳動軸40連動之狀態,以及直接驅動離合器53切換至動力輸入軸22與沖鍛動力傳動軸40不連動之狀態下,利用伺服馬達20之轉速控制,使具有沖鍛曲線凸輪機構4之沖壓點處速度與沖鍛機構6之沖模運動轉速相同時,即獲得鍛造功能,其中,沖模運動之加工行程僅需大於工件胚料高度,加工速度要緩慢,使工件胚料於沖模的模穴中產生金屬成形流動。In the forging function aspect, when the punching clutch 51 is switched to a state in which the first driven shaft 501 and the punching power transmission shaft 30 are not interlocked, the punching forging clutch 52 is switched to the second driven shaft 502 and the punched power transmission shaft 40 In the state of interlocking, and the direct drive clutch 53 is switched to the state in which the power input shaft 22 and the forging power transmission shaft 40 are not interlocked, the speed of the servo motor 20 is used to control the speed at the punching point of the swaging cam mechanism 4 When the punching speed of the punching and forging mechanism 6 is the same, the forging function is obtained, wherein the machining stroke of the die motion only needs to be greater than the height of the workpiece blank, and the processing speed is slow, so that the workpiece blank produces a metal forming flow in the cavity of the die. .
所述引伸功能方面:當沖剪離合器51切換至第一從動軸501與沖剪動力傳動軸30不連動之狀態,沖鍛離合器52切換至第二從動軸502與沖鍛動力傳動軸40連動之狀態,以及直接驅動離合器53切換至動力輸入軸22與沖鍛動力傳動軸40不連動之狀態下,利用伺服馬達20之轉速控制,使具有沖鍛曲線凸輪機構4之沖壓點處速度比沖鍛機構6之沖模運動轉速快時,即獲得引伸功能,其中,沖模運動之加工行程為工件引伸的深度,加工速度則由接觸時最大,然後逐漸降低,以避免工件破裂。In the extension function, when the punching clutch 51 is switched to a state in which the first driven shaft 501 and the punching power transmission shaft 30 are not interlocked, the punching clutch 52 is switched to the second driven shaft 502 and the forged power transmission shaft 40. In the state of interlocking, and the direct drive clutch 53 is switched to the state in which the power input shaft 22 and the forging power transmission shaft 40 are not interlocked, the speed ratio of the punching point of the servo motor 20 is controlled by the rotation speed of the servo motor 20 When the speed of the die movement of the punching and forging mechanism 6 is fast, the extension function is obtained, wherein the machining stroke of the die motion is the depth of the workpiece extension, and the machining speed is maximized by the contact, and then gradually decreases to avoid the workpiece from being broken.
此外,本創作尚可令直接驅動離合器53切換 至動力輸入軸22與沖鍛動力傳動軸40連動之狀態,沖剪離合器51切換至第一從動軸501與沖剪動力傳動軸30不連動之狀態,以及沖鍛離合器52切換至第二從動軸502與沖鍛動力傳動軸40不連動之狀態下,利用伺服馬達20之轉速控制與旋轉位置等控制,直接經由動力輸入軸22驅動沖鍛機構6之沖模運動之模式。In addition, this creation can also make the direct drive clutch 53 switch When the power input shaft 22 is interlocked with the forging power transmission shaft 40, the punching clutch 51 is switched to a state in which the first driven shaft 501 and the punching power transmission shaft 30 are not interlocked, and the punching clutch 52 is switched to the second slave. When the moving shaft 502 and the punching power transmission shaft 40 are not interlocked, the mode of the die motion of the punching mechanism 6 is directly driven via the power input shaft 22 by the control of the rotational speed control and the rotational position of the servo motor 20.
經由以上說明中,本創作伺服複合加工機可因應剪斷、彎曲、鍛造、引伸等作業之需求,如圖7及下表所示,利用控制伺服馬達之速度變化來改變沖壓時序,由於經過具數值多功曲線之凸輪機構,可使伺服馬達改變輸入轉速範圍減小,伺服馬達所需動力減小而能產生驅動大動力沖鍛機構之能力,達成一機多功大動力之效能。Through the above description, the servo multi-function machining machine can change the pressing timing by controlling the speed change of the servo motor as shown in Fig. 7 and the following table according to the requirements of cutting, bending, forging, extension, etc. The cam mechanism of the numerical multi-function curve can reduce the input motor speed range of the servo motor, reduce the power required by the servo motor, and can generate the ability to drive the large power punching and forging mechanism, and achieve the performance of one machine multi-power and large power.
如圖8、圖9a~圖9c所示,本創作係透過凸輪機構使其沖鍛機構之輸入軸作非對稱運動,來達成沖壓速度緩慢與沖模快速下壓返回之沖壓特性與具長時間暫停之鍛造特性等所須沖模運動曲線,克服連桿機構路徑規劃之複雜度與困難,使吻合沖鍛機構慢壓快回之運動特性。As shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9a to Fig. 9c, the author creates asymmetrical movement of the input shaft of the punching and forging mechanism through the cam mechanism, thereby achieving a stamping speed with a slow stamping speed and a rapid pressing back of the die and a long pause. The forging characteristics, such as the die motion curve, overcome the complexity and difficulty of the link mechanism path planning, so as to match the kinematic characteristics of the slow-pressing and quick-return mechanism of the punching and forging mechanism.
如圖7以及圖11a、圖11b至圖13a、圖13b所示,本創作係利用二組具有不同數值曲線之凸輪機構來達成沖壓與鍛造所須沖模運動曲線,或選擇直接驅動模式 ,且利用離合傳動機構中之三組離合器來變換沖壓與鍛造不同需求之凸輪機構與沖鍛機構連動,其中如圖11a、圖11b以及圖12a、12b所示,利用直接驅動模式或單向擺動之驅動模式,可應用引伸或鍛造製程,如圖13a、13b所示,利用雙向擺動之驅動模式,應用於沖壓製程或彎曲製程等,使本創作能利用伺服馬達來改變沖壓點少量輸入轉速,來微調沖壓與鍛造之沖模運動曲線,能有效提升驅動動力,使該伺服複合加工機功能更為廣泛,達成一機多功之效能。As shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 11a, Fig. 11b to Fig. 13a, Fig. 13b, the author uses two sets of cam mechanisms with different numerical curves to achieve the die motion curve for stamping and forging, or to select the direct drive mode. And using the three sets of clutches in the clutch transmission mechanism to change the cam mechanism and the punching and forging mechanism for different requirements of stamping and forging, wherein the direct drive mode or the one-way swing is used as shown in FIG. 11a, FIG. 11b and FIGS. 12a and 12b. The driving mode can be applied to the extension or forging process, as shown in Figures 13a and 13b. The driving mode of the bidirectional swing is applied to the stamping process or the bending process, so that the creation can use the servo motor to change the input speed of the punching point. To fine-tune the die motion curve of stamping and forging, it can effectively improve the driving power, make the servo compound processing machine more widely functioning, and achieve the performance of one machine.
1‧‧‧基座1‧‧‧Base
2‧‧‧伺服驅動裝置2‧‧‧Servo drive
20‧‧‧伺服馬達20‧‧‧Servo motor
21‧‧‧減速機組21‧‧‧Reducing unit
22‧‧‧動力輸入軸22‧‧‧Power input shaft
221‧‧‧第一時規皮帶輪組221‧‧‧First time gauge pulley set
222‧‧‧第一角度編碼器222‧‧‧First angle encoder
3‧‧‧沖剪曲線凸輪機構3‧‧‧shearing curve cam mechanism
30‧‧‧沖剪動力傳動軸30‧‧‧shearing power transmission shaft
31‧‧‧沖剪曲線凸輪裝置31‧‧‧shearing curve cam device
32‧‧‧沖剪曲線凸輪組32‧‧‧shearing curve cam group
33‧‧‧沖剪動力從動構件33‧‧‧Crushing power driven components
4‧‧‧沖鍛曲線凸輪機構4‧‧‧Sweep forging curve cam mechanism
40‧‧‧沖鍛動力傳動軸40‧‧‧forging power transmission shaft
41‧‧‧沖鍛曲線凸輪裝置41‧‧‧Sweep forging curve cam device
42‧‧‧沖鍛曲線凸輪組42‧‧‧forging curve cam group
43‧‧‧沖鍛動力從動構件43‧‧‧Forging power driven components
5‧‧‧離合傳動機構5‧‧‧Clutch transmission mechanism
50‧‧‧輪系傳動裝置50‧‧‧wheel drive
501‧‧‧第一從動軸501‧‧‧First driven shaft
502‧‧‧第二從動軸502‧‧‧Second slave axis
503‧‧‧傳動輸出軸503‧‧‧Transmission output shaft
504‧‧‧傳動輪組504‧‧‧Drive wheel set
505‧‧‧第二時規皮帶輪組505‧‧‧Second timing pulley set
506‧‧‧第二角度編碼器506‧‧‧Second angle encoder
51‧‧‧沖剪離合器51‧‧‧shear clutch
52‧‧‧沖鍛離合器52‧‧‧forging clutch
53‧‧‧直接驅動離合器53‧‧‧Direct drive clutch
6‧‧‧沖鍛機構6‧‧‧Aging mechanism
60‧‧‧下模座60‧‧‧ lower mold base
61‧‧‧上模座61‧‧‧Upper mold base
611‧‧‧線性編碼器611‧‧‧linear encoder
62‧‧‧曲柄軸62‧‧‧ crankshaft
63‧‧‧沖鍛驅動軸63‧‧‧Forging drive shaft
64‧‧‧連桿64‧‧‧ linkage
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW102133763A TWI513533B (en) | 2013-09-18 | 2013-09-18 | Multi-servo processing machine having both functions of stamping and forging |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW102133763A TWI513533B (en) | 2013-09-18 | 2013-09-18 | Multi-servo processing machine having both functions of stamping and forging |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| TW201511881A TW201511881A (en) | 2015-04-01 |
| TWI513533B true TWI513533B (en) | 2015-12-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW102133763A TWI513533B (en) | 2013-09-18 | 2013-09-18 | Multi-servo processing machine having both functions of stamping and forging |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| TW (1) | TWI513533B (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWM358016U (en) * | 2008-10-23 | 2009-06-01 | zhen-fu Cao | Improved structure of linkage member in high speed punching machine |
| TWI313201B (en) * | 2007-10-04 | 2009-08-11 | ||
| CN101244446B (en) * | 2007-02-14 | 2011-10-05 | 萨克马林比亚泰股份有限公司 | Device for automatically adjusting a control cam in a forging machine |
-
2013
- 2013-09-18 TW TW102133763A patent/TWI513533B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101244446B (en) * | 2007-02-14 | 2011-10-05 | 萨克马林比亚泰股份有限公司 | Device for automatically adjusting a control cam in a forging machine |
| TWI313201B (en) * | 2007-10-04 | 2009-08-11 | ||
| TWM358016U (en) * | 2008-10-23 | 2009-06-01 | zhen-fu Cao | Improved structure of linkage member in high speed punching machine |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW201511881A (en) | 2015-04-01 |
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