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TWI582885B - 低溫製造組織工程用支架的平台結構及低溫製造組織工程用支架的製造方法 - Google Patents

低溫製造組織工程用支架的平台結構及低溫製造組織工程用支架的製造方法 Download PDF

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TWI582885B
TWI582885B TW104144555A TW104144555A TWI582885B TW I582885 B TWI582885 B TW I582885B TW 104144555 A TW104144555 A TW 104144555A TW 104144555 A TW104144555 A TW 104144555A TW I582885 B TWI582885 B TW I582885B
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liquid material
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廖昭仰
曾清秀
杜方傑
林研聖
吳偉任
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國立中央大學
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Description

低溫製造組織工程用支架的平台結構及低溫製造組織工程用支架的製造方法
本發明係關於一種平台結構，更特別的是關於一種低溫製造組織工程用支架的平台結構。
習知低溫製造組織工程用支架的方法係藉由橫向與縱向移動噴嘴來將液態材料擠出並沉積於固定的導溫平台上，當液態材料直接接觸於導溫平台後，導溫平台的低溫傳導至液態材料而使液態材料凝固。藉此，形成組織工程用支架。此外，當所要製造的組織工程用支架具有高度時，液態材料會沉積於已被凝固的液態材料上。
由於導溫平台的溫度與環境的溫度有差異，故當液態材料沉積越高時，液態材料越容易受到環境溫度的影響而導致難以凝固，所製造的組織工程用支架之頂部會產生變形，從而導致所製造的組織工程用支架無法被使用；換言之，於習知低溫製造組織工程用支架的導溫平台，無法製造高度較高(例如1cm)的組織工程用支架；所謂較高的的組織工程用支架並未特別限制其高度，依照導溫平台的不同而製造的組織工程用支架之高度會有所差異，舉例來說，某些導溫平台製造1cm的組織工程用支架時，其頂部便會產生變形，此時，對這些導溫平台而言，1cm即是高度較高的組織工程用支架。此外，由於製造組織工程用支架時，會受到環境溫度的影響，使得所製造的組織工程用支架的內部結構尺寸會有不均勻的狀況發生。
此外，若將習知低溫製造組織工程用支架的設備全部設置於低溫房間或低溫艙中，會提高製造設備的成本。
因此，如何發明出一種平台結構，能於低溫製造組織工程用支架的狀況下，有效避免高度較高的組織工程用支架之頂部變形，從而可製造高度較高的組織工程用支架，並能使組織工程用支架的內部結構尺寸均一化，將是本發明所欲積極揭露之處。
本發明之目的在於提供一種低溫製造組織工程用支架的平台結構，能於低溫製造組織工程用支架的狀況下，有效避免高度較高的組織工程用支架之頂部變形，從而可製造高度較高的組織工程用支架，並能使組織工程用支架的內部結構尺寸均一化。
為達上述目的及其他目的，本發明提供一種低溫製造組織工程用支架的平台結構，包含：一框體；一環狀導溫構件，固定設置於該框體；一導溫平台，可移動地設置於該環狀導溫構件的中間，且該導溫平台的邊緣直接接觸該環狀導溫構件的內側壁，該導溫平台與該環狀導溫構件形成一深度可變的空間；一縱向移動機構，連接於該導溫平台的底部，驅動該導溫平台下降，以使該空間的深度逐漸增加；及一低溫產生機構，連接於該環狀導溫構件或該導溫平台，以降溫該環狀導溫構件及該導溫平台。
於本發明之平台結構中，其中，該低溫產生機構環設於該環狀導溫構件的外側壁。
於本發明之平台結構中，其中，更包含一隔溫件，包圍該低溫產生機構。
於本發明之平台結構中，其中，更包含一隔溫板，設置於該導溫平台及該縱向移動機構之間。
於本發明之平台結構中，其中，該隔溫板隔絕該環狀導溫構件或該導溫平台之低溫傳遞至該縱向移動機構。
於本發明之平台結構中，其中，該導溫平台與該縱向移動機構以磁吸的方式連接。
此外，為達上述目的及其他目的，本發明更提供一種低溫製造組織工程用支架的製造方法，包含以下步驟：(S1)提供前述之平台結構；(S3)於該空間中，將一液態材料擠出，並沉積於該導溫平台，沉積於該導溫平台的液態材料因低溫而被凝固，且擠出該液體材料的結構相對於該平台結構進行橫向移動；(S5)藉由該縱向移動機構再次下降該導溫平台，使該空間的深度增加；及(S7)於深度增加的空間中，再次將該液態材料擠出，並沉積於已被凝固的液態材料，沉積於已被凝固的液態材料之液態材料因低溫而被凝固，且擠出該液體材料的結構相對於該平台結構進行橫向移動。
綜上所述，本發明平台結構藉由上述之設置，能於低溫製造組織工程用支架的狀況下，有效避免高度較高的組織工程用支架之頂部變形，從而可製造高度較高的組織工程用支架，並能使組織工程用支架的內部結構尺寸均一化。
為充分瞭解本發明之目的、特徵及功效，茲藉由下述具體之實施例，並配合所附之圖式，對本發明做一詳細說明，說明如後：
請參照圖1，其係為低溫製造組織工程用支架的平台結構100之第一實施例。該平台結構100搭配一噴嘴1000以低溫來製造組織工程用支架，該噴嘴將液態材料擠出並沉積於該平台結構100。該平台結構100包含一框體10、一環狀導溫構件20、一導溫平台30、一縱向移動機構40及一低溫產生機構50。
該框體10以該噴嘴1000為中心，設置於該噴嘴1000的下方。其中，該框體10亦可具有隔溫的效果。
該環狀導溫構件20固定設置於該框體10內，並以該噴嘴1000為中心，設置於該噴嘴1000的下方，該環狀導溫構件20可為矩形、圓形、橢圓形等幾何形狀，但不限於此；其中，當該環狀導溫構件20的材質為不鏽鋼時，能抗腐蝕，且易於消毒。
該導溫平台30可移動地設置於該環狀導溫構件20的中間，且該導溫平台30的邊緣直接接觸該環狀導溫構件20的內側壁，藉此，該環狀導溫構件20的溫度直接傳遞於該導溫平台30；此外，該導溫平台30與該環狀導溫構件20形成一深度可變的空間31。
該縱向移動機構40連接於該導溫平台30的底部，驅動該導溫平台30下降，以使該空間31的深度逐漸增加，如圖2至圖4所示，深度以D1-D3來表示，隨著組織工程用支架的製造，深度逐漸變深，該空間31也逐漸增加。
該低溫產生機構50連接於該環狀導溫構件20，以降溫該環狀導溫構件20，更具體而言，該低溫產生機構50環設於該環狀導溫構件20的外側壁。其中，該低溫產生機構50可為導溫銅管，其內部藉由冷媒持續提供低溫，如圖1所示，以一蠕動幫浦將低溫的酒精持續循環於該低溫產生機構50，使該低溫產生機構50降溫該環狀導溫構件20，該環狀導溫構件20將低溫傳遞給該導溫平台30。此外，雖然圖未示，該低溫產生機構50也可連接於該導溫平台30，並藉由前述的方式降溫該導溫平台30，並透過傳遞方式將該導溫平台30的低溫傳遞給該環狀導溫構件20。
應了解到，為了低溫製造組織工程用支架，所述低溫係指能讓製造組織工程用支架之液態材料快速凝固的溫度，故依據液態材料的凝固點及凝固時間的差異來改變該低溫產生機構50所產生的低溫。此外，由於溫度的傳遞會產生耗損，故該低溫產生機構50所產生的低溫較傳遞至該環狀導溫構件20的溫度更低。舉例來說，若希望該環狀導溫構件20、該導溫平台30及該空間31的溫度為-30℃，則該低溫產生機構50所產生的低溫比-30℃更低。
接著，請同時參照圖2至圖4及圖7，配合以下敘述來說明如何以該平台結構100於低溫下製造組織工程用支架；圖7係為低溫製造組織工程用支架的製造方法之流程圖。
首先，如圖2及圖7所示，於步驟S100中，提供該平台結構100，該平台結構100的縱向移動機構40驅動該導溫平台30下降一深度D1，以形成該空間31，其中，最初下降的深度D1較佳為至少1cm，藉此，使得該空間31的溫度不易受到環境溫度影響；接著，如圖2及圖7所示，於步驟S300中，於該空間31中，將一液態材料，並沉積於該導溫平台30，沉積於該導溫平台30的液態材料因低溫而被凝固，並形成一第一層的液態材料1，且擠出該液體材料1的噴嘴1000相對於該平台結構100進行橫向移動，如圖1及圖2靠近該噴嘴1000的箭頭所示，換言之，該噴嘴1000距離該環狀導溫構件20之頂部開口位置為一固定距離H，該固定距離H略小於深度D1，以利於將該液體材料1沉積於該導溫平台30；接著，如圖3及圖7所示，於步驟S500中，藉由該縱向移動機構40再次下降該導溫平台30，從而增加該空間31的深度D2；接著，如圖3及圖7所示，於步驟S700中，於該深度D2的空間31中，再次將該液態材料擠出，並沉積於已被凝固的液態材料(即該第一層的液態材料1)，沉積於已被凝固的液態材料(即該第一層的液態材料1)之液態材料因低溫而被凝固，並形成一第二層的液態材料2，且擠出該液體材料的噴嘴1000相對於該平台結構100進行橫向移動。
藉由反覆進行步驟S500及步驟S700後，可形成如圖4所示之一組織工程用支架S，由於該環狀導溫構件20直接將低溫傳遞於該導溫平台30，使得該環狀導溫構件20及該導溫平台30具有近似的低溫，故該環狀導溫構件20及該導溫平台30所形成的空間31具有近似的低溫，藉此，從該噴嘴1000所擠出的液態材料能在近似的低溫環境情況下，沉積並凝固於已被凝固的液態材料上，該組織工程用支架S的內部結構尺寸能夠均一化，且縱使該組織工程用支架S超過1cm，其頂部也不會因室溫影響而產生變形。
由圖2至圖4可知，由於該噴嘴1000擠出該液體材料的位置相對於該環狀導溫構件20之頂部開口位置的高度差相同，為一固定距離H，故於步驟S300及步驟S700中，該噴嘴1000擠出該液體材料時的溫度近似。藉此，能讓該液態材料擠出並沉積於已被凝固的液態材料時，以近似的低溫而被凝固。同時，隨著該縱向移動機構40不斷地下降該導溫平台30，使得已被凝固的液態材料仍處於低溫環境(即該空間31)中，故已被凝固的液態材料能維持凝固狀態直到形成該組織工程用支架S。
由於該噴嘴1000於擠出該液體材料的過程中，不會持續地深入至該空間31中，故儲存於該噴嘴1000內的液體材料不容易受到該空間31的低溫影響而被凝固，從而有效防止該噴嘴1000內的液體材料無法擠出的狀況發生。
此外，當該框體10的邊緣高於該環狀導溫構件20時，可減少該低溫產生機構50與該框體10外的環境溫度進行熱交換，並減少該框體10外的環境溫度影響該環狀導溫構件20、該導溫平台30及該空間31的溫度。
再者，雖然圖未示，當形成該組織工程用支架S後，為了方便後處理(例如冷凍乾燥處理…等)，可直接將該導溫平台30與該縱向移動機構40進行分離。其中，該導溫平台30與該縱向移動機構40以磁吸的方式連接，以利於前述分離。
綜上所述，本發明平台結構藉由上述之設置，能於低溫製造組織工程用支架的狀況下，有效避免高度較高的組織工程用支架之頂部變形，從而可製造較高的組織工程用支架，並能使組織工程用支架的內部結構尺寸均一化。
接著，如圖5及圖6所示，其係為平台結構200之第二實施例，該平台結構200的設置與該平台結構100的設置大致相同，其中，該平台結構200更包含一隔溫板60及一隔溫件70，該隔溫板60設置於該導溫平台30及該縱向移動機構40之間；該隔溫件70包圍該低溫產生機構50。藉由該隔溫板60來防止該導溫平台30的溫度傳遞至，避免該縱向移動機構40因低溫而故障；藉由該隔溫件70來防止該低溫產生機構50所產生的低溫無法完全傳遞至該環狀導溫構件20，從而提高該低溫產生機構50的導溫效果。
雖然圖未示，當形成該組織工程用支架S後，為了方便後處理(例如冷凍乾燥處理…等)，可直接將該導溫平台30與該隔溫板60進行分離。其中，該導溫平台30與該隔溫板60以磁吸的方式連接，該隔溫板60與該縱向移動機構40亦以磁吸的方式連接，以利於前述分離。
此外，如圖6所示，當該隔溫板60與該導溫平台30的加總厚度大於該環狀導溫構件20的高度時，該隔溫板60同時能隔絕該環狀導溫構件20的溫度傳遞至該縱向移動機構40；此外，由於該隔溫板60具有一定的厚度，縱使該縱向移動機構40下降該導溫平台30時，也不會使得該框體10下方的溫度傳遞至該環狀導溫構件20，藉此，防止該環狀導溫構件20的內側壁受到該框體10外的環境溫度影響而結霜，以避免該導溫平台30的下降受到結霜的影響而產生問題。
雖然圖未示，該框體10、該隔溫板60及該隔溫件70的材質較佳為高絕熱材質，例如PEEK，以有效防止低溫逸散，但不限於此；此外，該環狀導溫構件20及該導溫平台30的材質較佳為不鏽鋼，能抗腐蝕，且易於消毒，但不限於此。
綜上所述，本發明平台結構藉由上述之設置，能於低溫製造組織工程用支架的狀況下，有效避免高度較高的組織工程用支架之頂部變形，從而製造高度較高的組織工程用支架，並能使組織工程用支架的內部結構均一化。
本發明在上文中已以較佳實施例揭露，然熟習本項技術者應理解的是，該實施例僅用於描繪本發明，而不應解讀為限制本發明之範圍。應注意的是，舉凡與該實施例等效之變化與置換，均應設為涵蓋於本發明之範疇內。因此，本發明之保護範圍當以申請專利範圍所界定者為準。
1‧‧‧第一層的液態材料 2‧‧‧第二層的液態材料 10‧‧‧框體 20‧‧‧環狀導溫構件 30‧‧‧導溫平台 31‧‧‧空間 40‧‧‧縱向移動機構 50‧‧‧低溫產生機構 60‧‧‧隔溫板 70‧‧‧隔溫件 100‧‧‧平台結構 200‧‧‧平台結構 1000‧‧‧噴嘴 D1‧‧‧深度 D2‧‧‧深度 D3‧‧‧深度 H‧‧‧固定距離 S‧‧‧組織工程用支架 S100-S700 步驟
［圖1］係為平台結構之第一實施例的示意圖。 ［圖2］係為平台結構之凝固第一層液態材料的剖面圖。 ［圖3］係為平台結構之凝固第二層液態材料的剖面圖。 ［圖4］係為平台結構之凝固組織工程用支架的剖面圖。 ［圖5］係為平台結構之第二實施例的示意圖。 ［圖6］係為平台結構之第二實施例的剖面圖。 ［圖7］係為低溫製造組織工程用支架的製造方法之流程圖。
1‧‧‧第一層的液態材料
10‧‧‧框體
20‧‧‧環狀導溫構件
30‧‧‧導溫平台
31‧‧‧空間
40‧‧‧縱向移動機構
50‧‧‧低溫產生機構
100‧‧‧平台結構
1000‧‧‧噴嘴

Claims (10)

  1. 一種低溫製造組織工程用支架的平台結構，包含： 一框體； 一環狀導溫構件，固定設置於該框體； 一導溫平台，可移動地設置於該環狀導溫構件的中間，且該導溫平台的邊緣直接接觸該環狀導溫構件的內側壁，該導溫平台與該環狀導溫構件形成一深度可變的空間； 一縱向移動機構，連接於該導溫平台的底部，驅動該導溫平台下降，以使該空間的深度逐漸增加；及 一低溫產生機構，連接於該環狀導溫構件或該導溫平台，以降溫該環狀導溫構件及該導溫平台。
  2. 如請求項1所述之平台結構，其中，該低溫產生機構環設於該環狀導溫構件的外側壁。
  3. 如請求項2所述之平台結構，其中，更包含一隔溫件，包圍該低溫產生機構。
  4. 如請求項1所述之平台結構，其中，更包含一隔溫件，包圍該低溫產生機構。
  5. 如請求項1至4中任一項所述之平台結構，其中，更包含一隔溫板，設置於該導溫平台及該縱向移動機構之間。
  6. 如請求項5所述之平台結構，其中，該隔溫板隔絕該環狀導溫構件或該導溫平台之溫度傳遞至該縱向移動機構。
  7. 如請求項6所述之平台結構，其中，該導溫平台與該縱向移動機構以磁吸的方式連接。
  8. 如請求項5所述之平台結構，其中，該導溫平台與該縱向移動機構以磁吸的方式連接。
  9. 如請求項1至4中任一項所述之平台結構，其中，該導溫平台與該縱向移動機構以磁吸的方式連接。
  10. 一種低溫製造組織工程用支架的製造方法，包含以下步驟： (S1) 提供如請求項1至9中任一項所述之平台結構； (S3) 於該空間中，將一液態材料擠出，並沉積於該導溫平台，沉積於該導溫平台的液態材料因低溫而被凝固，且擠出該液體材料的結構相對於該平台結構進行橫向移動； (S5) 藉由該縱向移動機構再次下降該導溫平台，使該空間的深度增加；及 (S7) 於深度增加的空間中，再次將該液態材料擠出，並沉積於已被凝固的液態材料，沉積於已被凝固的液態材料之液態材料因低溫而被凝固，且擠出該液體材料的結構相對於該平台結構進行橫向移動。
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