TWI546015B - 用於擠壓系統的改進式預調節器以及處理食物或飼料材料之方法 - Google Patents
用於擠壓系統的改進式預調節器以及處理食物或飼料材料之方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N17/00—Apparatus specially adapted for preparing animal feeding-stuffs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
- B01F27/70—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/20—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by moulding, e.g. making cakes or briquettes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K40/30—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by encapsulating; by coating
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/40—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for carnivorous animals, e.g. cats or dogs
- A23K50/42—Dry feed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N17/00—Apparatus specially adapted for preparing animal feeding-stuffs
- A23N17/005—Apparatus specially adapted for preparing animal feeding-stuffs for shaping by moulding, extrusion, pressing, e.g. pellet-mills
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N17/00—Apparatus specially adapted for preparing animal feeding-stuffs
- A23N17/007—Apparatus specially adapted for preparing animal feeding-stuffs for mixing feeding-stuff components
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01F27/071—Fixing of the stirrer to the shaft
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/05—Stirrers
- B01F27/07—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft
- B01F27/072—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis
- B01F27/0724—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis directly mounted on the rotating axis
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/05—Stirrers
- B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
- B01F27/112—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers with arms, paddles, vanes or blades
- B01F27/1121—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers with arms, paddles, vanes or blades pin-shaped
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
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Description
本發明廣義地係關於結合下游處理器件(諸如擠壓機或製粒機)使用以提供動物飼料或人類食物成分之某程度之濕化或預熟之預調節器。更特定言之,本發明係關於此類預調節器及包括該等預調節器之擠壓系統,其中該等器件經特定設計以提供飼料成分的適當濕化以供用於低容量、低成本擠壓機。
大多數飼料生產系統包括用以濕化且有時部分地熟製起始飼料成分(例如,諸如在寵物食物成分中將發現之蛋白質、脂肪及澱粉之各別量)之預調節器。此類預調節器與下游處理器件(諸如製粒機或擠壓機)相嚙合。大體言之,此類型之預調節器具備沿著該等外殼的長度之注入口以用於在處理期間注入蒸汽及/或水。能量組合(熱能及機械能兩者)可用以部分地使通過該預調節器之材料糊化(量測為澱粉內含物之糊化程度),但在任何情況下提供用於促進下游處理所需之水分。
預調節器技術已演進長期時間。稱為Wenger DC預調節器之一早期類型的預調節器具有一對並置之腔室,該對腔室具有相等橫截面積,在每一腔室內具有一對應軸桿,且配備有多個向外延伸之刀片式打漿元件。此等類型之預調節器能夠使起始成分糊化至可能20%之程度。
在美國專利第4,752,139號中例示在預調節器中之顯著
改進。稱為Wenger DDC之此等預調節器具有同樣地呈現並置腔室之外殼,但其中一腔室具有大於另一腔室之橫截面積。另外,該等軸桿在不同旋轉速度下操作。此等類型之DDC單元能夠達成起始材料的約30%之糊化。
在美國專利第7,674,492號中發現較新近之改進。此等預調節器與DDC型號相似,但每一軸桿配備允許各別軸桿在預調節器的操作期間在旋轉速度及旋轉方向方面加以調整之變速驅動器。此最新一代預調節器由Wenger商業化為HIP預調節器,且此等預調節器能夠達成50%至60%之糊化。
如可瞭解,後繼之每一代預調節器已變得更複雜且製造變得更昂貴。舉例而言,簡單DDC預調節器售價可能為60,000美元,而HIP型號可能耗資約150,000美元。
上文描述之DDC及HIP預調節器大體上經設計以用於每小時10噸及以上之高產量擠壓系統。然而,入門級擠壓系統具有低得多之容量(例如,每小時4噸)。此等較小系統通常不具備前述之預調節器,此係因為該系統之總成本過大。因此,在此等低容量系統中,使用非常簡單之單軸桿摻合器來代替預調節器已成為慣例。此等摻合器儘管相對低廉,但不提供有效下游擠壓所需要之濕化及糊化程度。此等單元常常在15%糊化度以下,此主要係歸因於該等單元具有非常低的產物滯留時間之事實。已知在過去在達成較高滯留時間之努力中為摻合器及低容量預調節器配備內障壁或類似結構。此等簡便辦法僅取得有限成功,且
另外產生產物堆積之區域,因而使得頻繁清理成為必需。
因此,此項技術中存在對於有效、低成本預調節器之需要,該有效、低成本預調節器可達成典型地供用於較複雜的飼料處理系統中之較高容量預調節器所特有的濕化及糊化程度。
本發明克服上文概述之問題,且提供一種可操作以在對飼料材料進行下游處理(諸如在擠壓機或製粒機中)之前濕化飼料材料之預調節器。大體言之,本發明之預調節器包括一長形外殼,該長形外殼呈現一入口及一對置出口,該外殼具有接近於該入口之一較大直徑端及接近於該出口之一較小直徑端,在該等外殼端之間具有一錐形壁區段。至少一長形、可軸向旋轉之軸桿沿著該外殼之長度延伸,且具有由該等軸桿支撐之多個軸向上間隔開、向外延伸之混合元件,且各自呈現遠離該(等)軸桿之一外邊沿。該等混合元件之該等間隔開的外邊沿共同界定沿著該外殼之該錐形區段之長度之一錐形。
在較佳形式中,該預調節器僅配備單一軸桿,且該軸桿與一驅動器耦接以用於以自約400rpm至900rpm之速度,更佳自約600rpm至850rpm之速度旋轉該軸桿。此外,外殼壁在橫截面上實質上為圓形,且以自約2°至9°之角度,更佳自約4°至8°之角度貫穿該外殼之長度而漸進地成錐形。該外殼有利地具有自約3至8,更佳自約4至7之L/D比,其中L為該外殼在該等外殼端之間的長度,且D
為該外殼之較大直徑端之直徑。
本發明之預調節器之主要優勢為歸因於與向外延伸之混合元件耦接之本發明的錐形設計而達成實質駐留時間。亦即,該等預調節器可操作以將飼料材料留存於其中達約0.6分鐘至4分鐘之時間,更佳自約1分鐘至3分鐘之時間。以此方式,獲得飼料成分之實質濕化,較佳以濕材料重量計之至少約18%,更佳自約20%至40%。就此而言,有意義的是該預調節器之該混合軸桿配備向外延伸之混合元件(較佳呈打漿器或槳式器件之形式),該等混合元件沿著該軸桿之長度間隔開且環繞該軸桿之周邊在圓周上隔開。此預調節器與配備有對應錐形、連續、管旋式螺桿之錐形擠壓機器件形成對比。此類器件不提供必要的駐留時間程度,此係因為與間隔開的混合元件相比,該等器件提供更加偏正向之傳送動作。
本發明亦提供完整擠壓系統,該等完整擠壓系統由本發明之預調節器連同擠壓機構成,該擠壓機與該預調節器之出口可操作地耦接且包括具有與該預調節器出口連通之入口的長形機筒,以及與該機筒入口隔開之限制孔模出口。至少一長形、可軸向旋轉、管旋式螺桿總成處於該機筒內,且可操作以將經預調節之材料自該預調節器朝向一限制孔模出口移動且移動穿過該限制孔模出口。
現轉向圖式,在圖1至圖3中說明根據本發明之預調節器10。預調節器10廣泛地包括一長形、漸進錐形之外殼
12,其具有橫截面為實質上圓形之外殼壁14、大直徑端壁16及對置之較小直徑端壁18。外殼壁14具有鄰近壁16之材料入口20,及接近壁18之向下開放出口22。該等外殼壁因而界定截頭錐形內部腔室24。如所說明,外殼12由L形座架26、28支撐。為准許視情況將蒸汽及/或水注入於腔室24中,沿著外殼壁14之頂部設置第一系列進入口30,且第二系列口32位於外殼壁14之下部部分處,與外殼壁14成實質上切線關係。清理門34以鉸接方式緊固至外殼壁14之頂部,且可打開以促成接取腔室24。
預調節器10進一步包括實質上沿著預調節器10的中心線延伸達腔室24之全長度之長形軸桿36。軸桿36之外伸端38及40由軸承結構42及44旋轉支撐,軸承結構42及44分別支撐於端壁16及18上。驅動總成(圖中未示)可操作地耦接至軸桿36之端38以使軸桿36以相對高速度(例如,400rpm至900rpm)旋轉。此類驅動總成典型地將包括驅動馬達及減速齒輪總成。或者,變速驅動器可用於此情形中以允許對軸桿的旋轉速度之無限調整以及控制該軸桿的旋轉方向。
多個向外延伸之槳型混合元件46沿著軸桿36之長度緊固至軸桿36。每一混合元件46包括帶螺紋連桿48以及實質上平坦之槳區段50,槳區段50具有對置的側邊沿50a及50b及大於連桿48之寬度的寬度。如最佳見於圖2中,每一連桿部分螺接至在軸桿36中之適當螺紋孔52中,槳區段50相對於軸桿36之縱向軸線實質上放射狀延伸。參
看圖3,觀察到元件46均沿著軸桿36之長度橫向間隔開,且亦環繞軸桿36之周邊在圓周上間隔開。槳區段50中之每一者具有最外邊沿54,最外邊沿54位於密切鄰近(較佳不超過約二分之一吋)於外殼壁14之內表面處。元件46之在軸向上間隔開的外邊沿54共同界定一錐形,該錐形在較佳形式中與外殼壁14之錐形實質上相同。為達成此目的,元件46自接近端壁16之點至接近端壁18之軸桿36的遠端具有不同總長度。在圖4及圖5中說明此大小差別,其中可見,類同混合元件之連桿48及槳區段50具有不同長度。
為調整通過預調節器10之材料的駐留時間,可變更各別槳之定向。舉例而言,在圖2中,所有元件46定向於相對於軸桿36之旋轉方向及該軸桿之縱向軸線之中性位置(亦即,槳區段50居於垂直於該等軸桿軸線之平面中)。若需要延遲穿過腔室24之材料流動,可將混合元件46中之一些或所有定向於一負向角度位置。舉例而言,若軸桿36以順時針方向旋轉(見圖3),則流動延遲混合元件將定向成一角度以使得邊沿50a比相對邊沿50b更接近於端壁16,且槳區段50之平面相對於軸桿縱向軸線成一角度。流動延遲之程度將取決於負向定位混合元件之數目,以及該等混合元件之角度定向;通常,此角度相對於該軸桿之縱向軸線為自約2°至20°。
以相似方式,若需要增加通過腔室24之材料的流動速率,則可將混合元件46中之一些或所有定位於一正向流動
增加位置中。此類位置與負向位置相反,且在上文所給出之實例中,流動增加元件46將成角度定向以使得邊沿50b比對應邊沿50a更接近壁16,且該等槳區段平面將相對於該軸桿縱向軸線成一角度。
在許多情況下,建議使某數目個混合元件46定向於中性、前向及負向位置中以最大化通過預調節器的飼料材料之濕化及部分熟製。可藉由試誤來發現該等混合元件之最佳位置。
參看圖6,可見預調節器10安裝於單螺桿擠壓機56之上游。儘管圖中未示,但設置適當支撐結構以支撐座架26及28,且因而將預調節器10維持於所說明之抬高狀況中。較佳地,預調節器10經定向而相對於擠壓機56之水平及縱向軸線自端壁16至端壁18成略微向下之角度。此角度較佳自約1.5°至10°,更佳自約2°至5°。
擠壓機56本身為習知擠壓機,且包括一長形、多區段機筒58,機筒58具有入口60及限制孔模出口62。在內部,擠壓機56具有由驅動單元64供能之長形、管旋式、可軸向旋轉之螺桿總成(圖中未示)。如在圖6中所描繪,預調節器出口22藉助於管狀轉換器66與機筒入口60耦接。
在操作中,將人類食物或動物飼料成分遞送至預調節器10之入口20,通過腔室24且自出口22遞送出。在該等成分之通過期間,軸桿36旋轉,且經由口30及32注入蒸汽及/或水。軸桿36之高速旋轉導致該等成分與水及/或蒸汽之密切混合以濕化及部分預熟該等成分。較佳地,濕化
之程度以重量計為至少約18%,且由在該等成分中的澱粉之糊化程度所判定之熟製值為自約15%至60%,更佳自約20%至35%。正常情況下,預調節器10在腔室24內且跨越出口22在實質上大氣壓下操作。
遞送至擠壓機56之經預調節的成分在機筒58內經受增加位準的溫度、壓力及剪切力,且接著經由模板62擠壓為最終完成的、完全熟製之食物或飼料產品。
以下實例闡述使用根據本發明之較佳預調節器之一系列測試輪次。然而,應理解,僅藉由說明提供此實例,且不應將此實例中之任何描述視作對本發明之總範疇的限制。
實例
在此實例中,使用圖1至圖5之預調節器來實行一系列測試輪次,其中該軸桿配備有長度範圍在自外殼之入口端處之11.38吋至該外殼之出口端處之4.62吋之61個打漿器。外殼壁具有6.68°之漸進錐形。外殼輸入端之開放面積為27.43平方吋,而輸出端之面積為45.4平方吋。
在每次測試中,處理由以下成分構成之寵物食物配劑:53%玉米、22%禽肉粉、15%豆粉及10%玉米麩質粉(所有百分率均以重量計)。將乾配劑以預定速率饋送至預調節器入口,同時該軸桿以經選擇之每分鐘轉速來旋轉。將水及蒸汽注入至預調節器外殼中,且對於每次測試量測滯留時間、濕化度及熟製值,且下文闡述此系列輪次之結果。
在輪次1中,所有混合元件定位於負15°定向中。然而,在軸桿驅動馬達過載之前,來自此組態之最大輸出僅為在500rpm下之3000磅/小時。
在輪次2中,混合元件組態經改變而使得將在外殼之大直徑端處開始之元件中的前47個維持於負15°定向中,而將接下來的10個元件定向於前向15°位置中,且將剩餘4個元件定位於負4°位置中。藉由此組態,預調節器能夠以400rpm遞送5000磅/小時之預調節的材料。
在輪次3中,將在外殼之大直徑處開始之前57個混合元件定向於前向15°位置中,而最後4個元件處於中性位置中。此組態急劇降低在預調節器外殼中的駐留時間,但亦提供商業上可接受之水分及熟製值。
10‧‧‧預調節器
12‧‧‧外殼
14‧‧‧外殼壁
16‧‧‧較大直徑端壁
18‧‧‧較小直徑端壁
20‧‧‧入口
22‧‧‧出口
24‧‧‧腔室
26‧‧‧座架
28‧‧‧座架
30‧‧‧進入口
32‧‧‧口
34‧‧‧清理門
36‧‧‧軸桿
38‧‧‧外伸端
40‧‧‧外伸端
42‧‧‧軸承結構
44‧‧‧軸承結構
46‧‧‧混合元件
48‧‧‧帶螺紋連桿
50‧‧‧槳區段
50a‧‧‧側邊沿
50b‧‧‧側邊沿
52‧‧‧螺紋孔
54‧‧‧最外邊沿
56‧‧‧擠壓機
58‧‧‧機筒
60‧‧‧機筒入口
62‧‧‧限制孔模出口/模板
64‧‧‧驅動單元
圖1為根據本發明之較佳預調節器之立體圖;圖2為在圖1中所說明之預調節器的垂直剖面圖;
圖3為沿著圖2之線3-3截取之垂直橫剖面圖;圖4為具有相對長的槳組件之預調節器的槳型混合元件中之一者的平面圖;圖5為具有相對短的槳組件之預調節器的槳型混合元件中之另一者的平面圖;及圖6為可操作地安裝於單螺桿擠壓機上游之在圖1中所描繪的預調節器之平面圖。
10‧‧‧預調節器
12‧‧‧外殼
14‧‧‧外殼壁
16‧‧‧較大直徑端壁
18‧‧‧較小直徑端壁
20‧‧‧入口
22‧‧‧出口
26‧‧‧座架
28‧‧‧座架
30‧‧‧進入口
34‧‧‧清理門
36‧‧‧軸桿
38‧‧‧外伸端
40‧‧‧外伸端
44‧‧‧軸承結構
Claims (22)
- 一種預調節器,其可操作以在對一食物或飼料材料進行下游處理之前濕化及部分熟製該食物或飼料材料,該預調節器包含:一長形、大體上水平地定位的外殼,其呈現一食物或飼料材料的入口及一對置、預調節食物或飼料材料的出口,該外殼具有接近該入口之一較大直徑端及接近該出口之一較小直徑端,及在該等外殼端之間的一錐形壁區段;及一長形、可軸向旋轉之軸桿,其沿著該外殼之長度延伸且具有由該軸桿支撐之多個軸向上間隔開、向外延伸之混合元件,且每一混合元件呈現遠離該軸桿之一外邊沿,該混合元件沿著該錐形壁區段的長度、介於所述軸桿和所述外邊沿之間分別具有漸進地不同的長度,沿著混合元件該錐形壁區段的長度中最長的混合元件靠近該入口;混合元件之間隔開的外邊沿係沿著該外殼之該錐形區段之長度共同界定一錐形。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之預調節器,該錐形壁區段具有介於該外殼端之間2°至9°之一錐形角度。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之預調節器,該錐形角度為4°至8°。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之預調節器,該外殼具有3至8之一L/D比,其中L為該外殼在該等外殼端之間的該長度,且D為該外殼之該較大直徑端之直徑。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之預調節器,該預調節器可操作以將該材料濕化至以濕材料重量計15%到60%的一水分含量。
- 如申請專利範圍第5項之預調節器,其中該含量為以濕材料重量計自20%至40%。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之預調節器,該預調節器可操作以將該材料留存於該預調節器中達0.6分鐘至4分鐘之一時間。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之預調節器,該外殼及軸桿可操作以在該外殼內且跨越該出口在實質上大氣壓下濕化該材料。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之預調節器,該等混合元件各自包含緊固至該軸桿之一連桿,且支撐具有大於該連桿的寬度之一寬度的一向外延伸刀片。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之預調節器,其包括多個注入口,該多個注入口與該外殼可操作地耦接且准許將蒸汽及/或水注入於該外殼之內部中。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之預調節器,該外殼相對於水平成約1.5°至10°之一向下的角度,且使該較小直徑端低於該較大直徑端。
- 如申請專利範圍第11項之預調節器,該角度為2°至5°。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之預調節器,該軸桿可在400rpm至900rpm之速度旋轉。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之預調節器,該等混合元件之該等間隔開的外邊沿與該外殼隔開不超過½吋之一距離。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之預調節器,包含:軸承結構,其靠近軸桿接近該外殼之較小直徑端的末端,用於旋轉支撐該軸桿;該出口包含長形的管狀本體,其縱向軸線橫向於軸桿的旋轉軸線。
- 一種擠壓系統,包含如申請專利範圍第1至15項中任一項的預調節器,以及一擠壓機,其與該預調節器出口可操作地耦接且包括具有與該外殼出口操作性連通的一入口之一長形機筒、與該入口隔開之一限制孔模出口,及一長形、可軸向旋轉、管旋式螺桿總成,該長形、可軸向旋轉、管旋式螺桿總成在該機筒內且可操作以將經預調節的材料自該預調節器朝向該限制孔模出口移動且移動穿過該限制孔模出口。
- 一種處理一食物或飼料材料之方法,其包含使該材料通過如申請專利範圍第1至15項中任一項之該預調節器以至少部分地熟製及濕化該材料之步驟。
- 如申請專利範圍第17項之方法,其包括將該材料濕化至以濕材料重量計至少18%的一水分含量之步驟。
- 如申請專利範圍第18項之方法,其中該含量為以濕材料重量計自20%至40%。
- 如申請專利範圍第17項之方法,其包括在該外殼內且跨越該入口在大氣壓下處理該材料之步驟。
- 如申請專利範圍第17項之方法,其包括在該材料之該處理期間將水或蒸汽注入於該外殼中之步驟。
- 如申請專利範圍第17項之方法,包括在400rpm至900rpm之速度旋轉該軸桿的步驟。
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-
2010
- 2010-08-30 US US12/871,527 patent/US7883263B1/en active Active
- 2010-12-27 US US12/978,777 patent/US8944672B2/en active Active
-
2011
- 2011-08-09 CN CN201180021519.2A patent/CN102917608B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-08-09 EP EP11822315.5A patent/EP2544559B1/en active Active
- 2011-08-09 PL PL11822315T patent/PL2544559T3/pl unknown
- 2011-08-09 NO NO11822315A patent/NO2544559T3/no unknown
- 2011-08-09 BR BR112012020171-9A patent/BR112012020171B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2011-08-09 CN CN201510855175.5A patent/CN105559118B/zh active Active
- 2011-08-09 WO PCT/US2011/047111 patent/WO2012030487A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2011-08-09 ES ES11822315.5T patent/ES2659020T3/es active Active
- 2011-08-09 DK DK11822315.5T patent/DK2544559T3/en active
- 2011-08-10 TW TW100128511A patent/TWI546015B/zh active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2544559A4 (en) | 2015-12-30 |
| WO2012030487A2 (en) | 2012-03-08 |
| ES2659020T3 (es) | 2018-03-13 |
| TW201210473A (en) | 2012-03-16 |
| CN105559118A (zh) | 2016-05-11 |
| BR112012020171A2 (pt) | 2021-04-13 |
| US7883263B1 (en) | 2011-02-08 |
| EP2544559A2 (en) | 2013-01-16 |
| CN102917608A (zh) | 2013-02-06 |
| EP2544559B1 (en) | 2017-12-13 |
| US8944672B2 (en) | 2015-02-03 |
| CN102917608B (zh) | 2016-06-29 |
| NO2544559T3 (zh) | 2018-05-12 |
| CN105559118B (zh) | 2017-10-03 |
| PL2544559T3 (pl) | 2018-05-30 |
| DK2544559T3 (en) | 2018-02-26 |
| WO2012030487A3 (en) | 2012-05-31 |
| BR112012020171B1 (pt) | 2022-03-29 |
| US20120052174A1 (en) | 2012-03-01 |
| WO2012030487A8 (en) | 2012-09-13 |
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