TWI419055B - Group proving method and radio frequency identification reader and tags using thereof - Google Patents

Description

Group verification method and RFID tag and label using the same

The technical field to which the invention pertains relates to a clustering verification method, and to a clustering verification method applied to a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag and a verification operation between readers.

In today's fast-changing technology era, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology has been developed and widely used in many logistics management applications. In general, the existing RFID verification mechanism adopts a single item audit, that is, whether the content of the individual RFID tag corresponding to the product database matches the tagged item. In other words, the existing RFID verification mechanism cannot prove that all RFID tags are configured at the same time. In this way, when the person who is interested in copying the RFID tag through the electronic recording side record and replacing the original item marked with the RFID tag, the ordering personnel cannot check the situation of the above item under the existing RFID verification mechanism. Based on this, how to propose an RFID verification method that can effectively overcome the lack of the aforementioned single project audit mechanism is one of the directions that the industry is constantly striving for.

A method for verifying clustering is disclosed in which a radio frequency identification (RFID) reader is used to perform signal exchange operations with a plurality of RFID tags in parallel to generate a proof that all RFID tags are present at the same time. Cluster verification electronic records. The cluster tag is not provided in the RFID tag of the related clustering verification method disclosed in the application. In other words, each RFID tag does not have a cluster-dependent relationship with each other. The RFID tags and RFID readers that apply the related clustering verification methods have sufficient computing power to perform operations such as key encryption, hashing, and random number generation, so that the disclosed related groups are The poly authentication method can be performed in an offline state that is not connected to the authentication server. Accordingly, compared with the conventional RFID technology, the disclosed clustering verification method has the function of effectively parallelizing the signal exchange between the RFID reader and the RFID tag in an offline state without being connected to the verification server. The operation yields the advantage of clustering verification data across one or more different item categories.

According to an embodiment, a clustering verification method is proposed for application to a plurality of RFID tags to perform a cluster verification operation with an RFID reader. The clustering verification method includes the following steps. First, in response to the first round parameter provided by the RFID reader, a random number parameter is generated, and the first round parameter is related to the tag identity data of each RFID tag. Then, the first backhaul parameter is generated according to the first round parameter, the random number parameter, and the label key. Then, it is judged whether each RFID tag receives the second round parameter provided by the RFID reader within a predetermined period from the start of receiving the first round parameter, and the second round parameter is related to the first return parameter of each RFID tag. It is then determined whether the first and second round parameters correspond to each other. When the first and second round parameters correspond to each other and the second round parameter is received within a predetermined period from the start time point, the label key is updated according to the random number parameter. Then, the second backhaul parameter is generated and output according to the second round parameter, the random number parameter, and the updated label key.

According to another embodiment, a clustering verification method is proposed for use in an RFID reader to perform a cluster verification operation with a plurality of RFID tags. The clustering verification method includes the following steps. First, a query command (Query) is broadcast, and each RFID tag returns a tag identity data in response to the query command. Then, determining the label set according to the received tag identity data, and generating and broadcasting the first round parameter, each RFID tag returns a first backhaul parameter in response to the first round parameter, where the first backhaul parameter is related to the first round parameter The tag key of each RFID tag and the random number parameter generated by each RFID tag. And generating and broadcasting a second round parameter according to the first backhaul parameter corresponding to each RFID tag, each RFID tag determining whether to receive the second round parameter within a predetermined period from the start of receiving the first round parameter and Whether the first and second round parameters correspond to each other, and if so, each RFID tag updates the tag key according to the random number parameter, and generates and outputs the second backhaul parameter according to the second round parameter, the random number parameter, and the updated tag key. Then, the cluster verification data is generated according to the reader key, the tag identity data of each RFID tag, and the first and second backhaul parameters.

According to another embodiment, a clustering verification method is proposed for application between an RFID reader and a plurality of RFID tags. The clustering verification method includes the following steps. The query command is first broadcast via the RFID reader. The tag identity data is then returned to the RFID reader via the RFID tags in response to the query command. The set of tags is then determined via the RFID reader based on the received tag identity data and the first round parameters are generated and broadcast. The first round parameter is stored via each RFID tag, the random number parameter is generated, and the first back pass parameter is generated according to the first round parameter, the random number parameter, and the tag key. A second round parameter is then generated and broadcast via the RFID reader based on the first backhaul parameter corresponding to each RFID tag. And determining, by each RFID tag, whether each RFID tag receives the second round parameter provided by the RFID reader within a predetermined period of time after receiving the start of the first round parameter, and determining whether the second round parameter corresponds to the first Round parameters. When the first and second round parameters correspond to each other and the second round parameter is received within a predetermined period from the start time point, the label key is updated according to the random number parameter via each RFID tag, according to the second round parameter, the random number parameter And the updated tag key generates and outputs a second passback parameter. The cluster verification data is then generated via the RFID reader based on the reader key, the tag identity data of each RFID tag, and the first and second backhaul parameters.

According to another embodiment, an RFID tag set is provided, including a plurality of RFID tags for performing a group verification operation with an RFID reader, each RFID tag including a random number generator, an encryption module, a memory, and a processor. The memory stores the code and stores the tag identity and tag key in response to the initialization operation. The controller performs a cluster verification method according to the code, and the cluster verification method includes the following steps. First, the first round parameter provided by the RFID reader is stored and a random number parameter is generated, wherein the first round parameter is related to the tag identity data of each RFID tag. Then, the first backhaul parameter is generated according to the first round parameter, the random number parameter, and the label key. Then, it is judged whether each RFID tag receives the second round parameter provided by the RFID reader within a predetermined period of time from the start of receiving the first round parameter, and the second round parameter is related to the first backhaul parameter of the RFID tag. Then, it is determined whether the first and the second round parameters correspond to each other. When the first and second round parameters correspond to each other and the second round parameter is received within a predetermined period from the start time point, the second round parameter is received and the label key is updated according to the random number parameter. Then, the second backhaul parameter is generated and output according to the second round parameter, the random number parameter, and the updated label key.

According to still another embodiment, an RFID reader is provided, and a plurality of RFID tags are subjected to a cluster verification operation, and the RFID reader includes a plurality of antennas, a memory, and a processor. The memory stores the code and stores the reader key in response to the initialization operation. The processor performs a clustering verification method according to the code, and the clustering verification method includes the following steps. First, the query command is broadcasted, and each RFID tag returns the tag identity data in response to the query command. And then determining, according to the received tag identity data, a tag set, and generating and broadcasting the first round parameter, each RFID tag returns a first backhaul parameter in response to the first round parameter, where the first backhaul parameter is related to the first round Parameters, tag keys for each RFID tag, and random number parameters generated by each RFID tag. And generating and broadcasting a second round parameter according to the first backhaul parameter corresponding to each RFID tag, each RFID tag determining whether to receive the second round parameter within a predetermined period from the start of receiving the first round parameter and Whether the first and second round parameters correspond to each other, and if so, each RFID tag updates the tag key according to the random number parameter, and generates and outputs the second backhaul parameter according to the second round parameter, the random number parameter, and the updated tag key. . Then, the cluster verification data is generated according to the reader key, the tag identity data of each RFID tag, and the first and second backhaul parameters.

In order to make the above-mentioned contents of the present invention more comprehensible, a preferred embodiment will be described below, and in conjunction with the drawings, a detailed description is as follows:

The clustering verification method of the disclosed embodiment generates a parallelized message exchange between a radio frequency identification (RFID) reader and a plurality of RFID tags without being connected to the verification server. Cluster verification data.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a block diagram of a radio frequency identification system according to an embodiment. The RFID system 1 includes a plurality of RFID tags 12_1, 12_2, ..., 12_n, an RFID reader 14, and a verification server 16, where n is a natural number greater than one. In one example, the RFID reader 14 has a block diagram as shown in FIG. 2, including a memory 14a, a network interface circuit 14b, an output/input control circuit 14c, a processor 14d, and antenna modules 14e1, 14e2. ,..., 14em. The memory 14a stores the code, and the processor 14d executes the code stored in the memory 14a to control the operation of each circuit in the RFID reader 14.

In one example, each RFID tag 12_1-12_n has substantially the same circuit structure. Taking the i-th RFID tag 12_i of the RFID tags 12_1-12_n as an example, it has a block diagram as shown in FIG. 3, where i is a natural number less than or equal to n. The RFID tag 12_i includes a controller 12a, a non-volatile memory 12b, a timer 12c, a follow-up memory 12d, a random number generator 12e, and an encryption module 12f. The non-volatile memory 12b stores a code, and the code in the non-volatile memory 12b is supplied to the memory 12d via the corresponding memory access operation, and the controller 12a performs the memory. The code in the body 12d is used to control the operation of each circuit in the RFID tag 12_i.

Through the signal exchange operation between the RFID tag 12_1-12_n, the RFID reader 14 and the verification server 16, the RFID system 1 sequentially performs the initialization key deployment process, the cluster certification generation process, and the cluster certification upload process. And the inventory verification process to complete a complete cluster verification process. Next, an example will be given to further describe the foregoing processes in the cluster verification procedure.

Initialization key deployment process

In the initialization key deployment process, the verification server 16 generates a reader key kreader corresponding to the RFID reader 14, and stores the reader key kreader at the verification server 16 side. The verification server 16 further stores the reader key kreader in the memory 14a of the RFID reader 14 through the intermediate software (Middleware).

In the initialization key deployment process, the verification server 16 further generates the tag identity data A1, A2, ..., An and the tag keys k1, k2, ... kn corresponding to the RFID tags 12_1-12_n, and the tag identity data A1. -An and the tag key k1-kn and the item information corresponding to each RFID tag 12_1-12_n (information information corresponding to each RFID tag 12_1-12_n) are stored in the verification server 16 end. The verification server 16 further writes the tag identification data A1-An and the tag key k1-kn into the non-volatile memory 12b of each of the RFID tags 12_1-12-n. Accordingly, in the initialization key deployment process, the verification server 16 performs an initialization operation on the RFID reader 14 and each of the RFID tags 12_1-12_n to have corresponding tag identity data A1-An, tag key k1- Kn and product information.

Clustering certificate generation process

In the clustering certification generation process, the RFID reader 14 and the RFID tags 12_1-12_n are, for example, in an offline state in which the authentication server 16 is not connected to each other, and the RFID reader 14 is in parallel with all the RFID tags 12_1-12_n. A message exchange operation is performed, thereby generating a cluster verification data P. For example, the process steps in the clustering certification generation process are as shown in FIG. 4, which is a sequence diagram showing the flow of the clustering proof generation between the RFID reader 14 and the RFID tags 12_1-12_n in FIG. .

After initializing the key deployment process, the operational flow (a1) is first performed, the processor 14d generates a query command (Query), and broadcasts the query command to each of the RFID tags 12_1-12_n. Then, the operation flow (a2) is executed, and the controller 12a in each of the RFID tags 12_1-12_n receives the query command, and returns its corresponding tag identity data A1-An in response to the query command.

Then, the operation flow (b1) is executed, and the processor 14d determines the RFID tag set corresponding to the generated cluster certification data P according to the tag identity data received by the processor 14d. For example, the processor 14d receives the tag identity data A1-An of the n RFID tags 12_1-12_n, according to which the current cluster certification data generation process treats the RFID tags 12_1-12_n as an RFID tag set and generates The corresponding clustering proof material P indicates whether the RFID tag set satisfies a specific verification condition. The processor 14d generates a round parameter m based on the received tag identity data A1-An, and broadcasts the round parameter m to each of the RFID tags 12_1-12_n. For example, the processor 14d generates a round parameter m via the following hash operation, and represents a connection of the string:

m=hash(A ₁ ∥A ₂ ∥...∥A _n )

Next, the operational flow (b2) is performed, and the controller 12a of each of the RFID tags 12_1-12_n receives and stores the round parameter m. Then, as in step (b3), the controller 12a of each of the RFID tags 12_1-12_n drives the timer 12c to perform a timing operation, and accordingly determines whether the corresponding RFID tag 12_1-12_n is at the beginning of receiving the round parameter m. The round parameters s and m broadcast by the RFID reader 14 in the next message exchange round are received during the predetermined period.

Then, the operation flow (b4) is executed, and the controller 12a of each of the RFID tags 12_1-12_n receives and stores the round parameter m and the drive corresponding random number generator 12e to generate corresponding random number parameters r1, r2, ..., rn. The controller 12a of each of the RFID tags 12_1-12_n further generates corresponding backhaul parameters X1, X2, ..., Xn according to the rounding parameter m and each corresponding random number parameter r1-rn via the encryption module 12f. The controller 12a of each of the RFID tags 12_1-12_n further transmits the return parameters X1-Xn back to the RFID reader 14, respectively. In an example, the steps of generating the backhaul parameters X1-Xn by the RFID tags 12_1-12_n are substantially the same. If the RFID tags 12_i in the RFID tags 12_1-12_n are taken as an example, the encryption module 12f is, for example, via the following Encryption operation (ENC) to generate the return parameter Xi:

X _i = (m⊕r _i )

In other words, the controller 12a in the RFID tag 12_i performs an exclusive OR (XOR) operation based on the round parameter m and the random parameter ri, and XORs the round parameter m and the random number parameter ri according to the tag key ki. The result of the operation is encrypted to generate a corresponding backhaul parameter Xi.

Then, the operational flow (c1) is executed, the processor 14d generates a round parameter s based on the backhaul parameters X1-Xn, and broadcasts the round parameters s and m to the respective RFID tags 12_1-12_n. For example, processor 14d generates a round parameter s via the following hash operations, ∥ representing the connection of the string:

s=hash(X ₁ ∥X ₂ ∥...∥X _n )

Next, the operational flow (c2) is executed, and the controller 12a of each of the RFID tags 12_1-12_n receives the round parameters s and m.

Having each of the RFID tags 12_1-12_n perform the operation flow (c2) to receive the round parameters s and m at the time point of the start of the respective RFID tags 12_1-12_n for a predetermined period of time, according to which for each RFID tag 12_1 -12_n, in the foregoing operational flow (b3), the judgment result of receiving the round parameter m and receiving the time difference between the round parameters s and m is less than the predetermined period of the period.

When the condition of the judgment result of the foregoing operation flow (b3) is satisfied, the operation flow (c3) is executed, and the controller 12a of each of the RFID tags 12_1-12_n further judges the round received by the RFID reader 14 in the operation flow (c2). Whether the parameter substantially corresponds to the round parameter that it receives and stores in the operational flow (b2). Further, the controller 12a of each of the RFID tags 12_1-12_n, for example, compares the round parameter m received by the operation flow (c2) and the round parameter m received in the operation flow (b2), whether substantially Equal to determine whether the round parameters received in the operational flows (c2) and (b2) correspond to each other.

The round parameters received by the RFID reader 14 in the operational flows (c2) and (b2) are substantially corresponding, and accordingly, for each of the RFID tags 12_1-12_n, they are obtained in the foregoing operational flow (c3). The result of the determination that the round parameters received in the operational flows (c2) and (b2) correspond to each other.

Then, the operation flow (c4) is executed, and the controller 12a of each of the RFID tags 12_1-12_n updates the corresponding tag key k1-kn according to the corresponding random number parameter r1-rn to obtain the update tag keys k1', k2', respectively. ..., kn'. The controller 12a of each of the RFID tags 12_1-12_n further generates a backhaul parameter Y1, Y2, based on the round parameter s, the random number parameter r1-rn, and the updated tag key k1'-kn' via the encryption module 12f. Yn, and each of the RFID tags 12_1-12_n returns the corresponding backhaul parameters Y1-Yn to the RFID reader 14. In one example, the steps of generating the backhaul parameters Y1-Yn for each of the RFID tags 12_1-12_n are substantially the same. If the RFID tag 12_i is taken as an example, the updated tag gold is generated, for example, by the following update operation and encryption operation. Key ki' and generate return parameter Yi:

After the operation flow (c5) is executed, the processor 14d receives the return parameters Y1-Yn, and according to the reader key kreader, the tag identity data A1-An of each RFID tag 12_1-12_n, and the return parameters X1-Xn and Y1 -Yn generates cluster verification data P. For example, the processor 14d generates the cluster verification data P via the following encryption operations:

In other examples, if in the foregoing operation flow (c2), any one of the RFID tags 12_1-12_n (for example, the yth RFID tag 12_y, y is a natural number less than or equal to n) receives the round parameters s and m The sequence diagram of the execution of the RFID tag 12_y corresponding to the triggering of the corresponding start point is shown in FIG. 5. Wherein step (c2) is performed outside the predetermined period from the start point, then after the operation flow (b3), the operation flow (c6) is executed, and the controller 12a in the RFID tag 12_y triggers the termination event to abandon The parameters obtained in the foregoing operational procedures.

In other examples, in the foregoing operation flow (c3), any one of the RFID tags 12_1-12_n (for example, the zth RFID tag 12_z, z is a natural number less than or equal to n) in steps (b2) and (c2) The received round parameters do not correspond to each other, and the sequence diagram of the execution of the RFID tag 12_z is as shown in FIG. After the operation flow (c3), the operation flow (c7) is executed, and the controller 12a in the RFID tag 12_z triggers the termination event to abandon the parameters obtained by the foregoing operation flow.

Please refer to FIG. 7 , which illustrates a flow chart of a method for generating a clustering certificate applied to each RFID tag 12_1-12_n. Since the clustering verification method performed by each of the RFID tags 12_1-12_n is substantially the same, the cluster verification method executed by the RFID tag 12_i is taken as an example for explanation. First, as in step (A), the RFID tag 12_i determines whether a query command is received; if not, repeats step (A); if so, performs step (B), and the RFID tag 12_i returns the corresponding tag identity data Ai to RFID. Reader 14.

Then, as in step (C), the RFID tag 12_i determines whether the round parameter m is received; if not, repeats step (C); if so, performs step (D), the RFID tag 12_i stores the round parameter m, generates a random number parameter Ri, generating the backhaul parameter Xi and the tag identity data Ai according to the round parameter m, the corresponding random number parameter ri and the corresponding tag key ki.

Then, as in step (E), the RFID tag 12_i determines whether the round parameters s and m are received; if not, repeats step (E); if so, performs step (F), and the RFID tag 12_i determines whether the round parameter is received. The round parameters s and m provided by the RFID reader 14 and the step (G) are received within a predetermined period from the start of the m, and the RFID tag 12_i determines whether the round parameters received twice before and after correspond to each other.

When the RFID tag 12_i judges that the round parameters received twice before and after each other correspond to each other and it receives the first round round parameter (ie, the round parameter m), the second round round parameter is received within the predetermined period (ie, the round parameter) Steps (I) are performed when s and m), and the RFID tag 12_i updates the tag key ki as the updated tag key ki' according to the corresponding random number parameter ri, according to the round parameter s, the corresponding random number parameter ri, and the update The subsequent tag key ki' generates and outputs the return parameter Yi and the tag identity data Ai.

When the RFID tag 12_i determines that the round parameters received twice before and after do not correspond to each other, or judge that it has received the first round round parameter (ie, the round parameter m), the second round is not received within the predetermined period. The step (H) is performed when the parameters (ie, the round parameters s and m), and the RFID tag 12_i triggers the termination event.

Please refer to FIG. 8 , which illustrates a flow chart of a method for generating a cluster certificate applied to each RFID reader 14 . First, as step (A), the RFID reader 14 broadcasts a query command (Query) to each of the RFID tags 12_1-12_n, and the RFID tag receiving the broadcast command correspondingly returns the tag identity data. For example, all of the RFID tags 12_1-12_n receive the query command and correspondingly return the tag identity data A1-An. Then, as in step (B), the RFID reader 14 generates and broadcasts the round parameter m to each of the RFID tags 12_1-12_n according to the tag identity data A1-An, and each of the RFID tags 12_1-12_n correspondingly returns the return parameters X1-Xn. The return parameters X1-Xn are related to the round parameter m, the label key k1-kn of each RFID tag 12_1-12_n, and the random number parameter r1-rn generated by each RFID tag.

Then, performing step (C), the RFID reader 14 determines whether the return parameters X1-Xn and the tag identity data A1-An of all the RFID tags 12_1-12_n are received; if not, the step (C) is repeated; if yes, Then step (D) is performed, and the RFID reader 14 generates and broadcasts the round parameters s and m to the RFID tags 12_1-12_n according to the return parameters X1-Xn.

Then, in step (E), the RFID reader 14 determines whether the return parameters Y1-Yn and the tag identity data A1-An of all the RFID tags 12_1-12_n are received; if not, the step (E) is repeated; if yes, Then, in step (F), the RFID reader 14 generates the cluster verification data P according to the reader key kreader, the tag identity data A1-An, the return parameters X1-Xn, and Y1-Yn, and the cluster verification data is generated. P is stored in the memory 14a.

Clustering certificate upload process and inventory verification process

Please refer to FIG. 9 , which illustrates a flow chart of a method for uploading a cluster certificate according to an embodiment. First, as step (A), the processor 14d queries the network interface circuit 14b to determine whether the RFID reader 14 is connected to the verification server 16 via a corresponding communication link; if not, repeats step (A); if so, Step (B) is executed, the processor 14d further determines whether the clustered verification data P is stored in the memory 14a; if not, executing step (A); if yes, executing step (C), the processor 14d drives the network The interface circuit 14b transmits the cluster verification data P to the verification server 16.

Please refer to FIG. 10, which illustrates a flow chart of an inventory verification method according to an embodiment. First, as step (A), the verification server 16 decrypts the cluster verification data P according to the pre-stored reader key kreader to find the tag identity data A1-An, the return parameters X1-Xn and Y1-Yn. . Next, as in step (B), the verification server 16 further finds the tag key k1-kn corresponding to each of the RFID tags 12_1-12_n based on the tag identity data A1-An.

Then, as in step (C), the verification server 16 performs a hash operation based on the tag identity data A1-An to generate a round parameter m, and generates a random number according to the return parameter X1-Xn, the tag key k1-kn, and the round parameter m. Parameter r1-rn. Then, as in step (D), the verification server 16 performs a hash operation according to the return parameters X1-Xn to generate a round parameter s, and finds an update label key k1' according to the random number parameter r1-rn and the label key k1-kn. -kn' and the reference parameters Y1', Y2', ..., Yn' are obtained according to the aforementioned round parameter s, random number parameter r1-rn and update tag key k1'-kn'.

Then, as in step (E), the verification server 16 determines whether the return parameters Y1-Yn solved in the step (A) are equal to the reference parameters Y1'-Yn', respectively; if yes, performing step (F), the verification server 16 It is judged that the cluster verification data P has legality and the verification is successful, and the verification server 16 updates the tag key corresponding to each of the RFID tags 12_1-12_n to the update tag key k1'-kn'. When the condition that the return parameters Y1-Yn are equal to the reference parameter Y1'-Yn' respectively is not established, the step (G) is executed, and the verification server 16 judges that the cluster verification data P has no legality and the verification fails, and the verification server 16 further An error event will be generated to inform the user that the verification result at this time indicates that there may be missing or dropped items.

The clustering verification method of this embodiment performs a signal exchange operation with a plurality of RFID tags in parallel through an RFID reader to generate a clustered verification electronic record that can prove that all RFID tags are present at the same time. Accordingly, the clustering verification method of the present embodiment has the advantage of generating clustered verification data via parallelized signal exchange between the RFID reader and the RFID tag as compared to the conventional RFID technology.

In addition, the RFID tag to which the cluster verification method of the embodiment is applied is not provided with a cluster key to pre-set the grouping relationship of each RFID tag, and the query command/tag identity data between the RFID reader and the RFID tag is used. The message exchange determines the set of RFID tags to be performed by this cluster verification operation. Accordingly, the clustering verification method of the present embodiment has the advantage of elastically performing cluster verification on an arbitrarily selected RFID tag set compared to the conventional RFID technology.

Furthermore, the RFID tag and the RFID reader applying the clustering verification method of the present embodiment have sufficient computing power to perform operations such as correlation key encryption, hashing (Hash), and random number generation for generating cluster verification data. operating. In other words, the clustering verification method of the present embodiment can be executed in an offline state that is not connected to the authentication server. Accordingly, the cluster verification method of the present embodiment has the advantage of generating cluster verification data in an offline state that is not connected to the verification server, compared to the conventional RFID technology.

In the above, the present invention has been disclosed in several embodiments, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. A person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.

1. . . Radio frequency identification system

12_1-12_n. . . Radio frequency identification tag

14. . . Radio frequency identification reader

16. . . Authentication server

14a. . . Memory

14b. . . Network interface circuit

14c. . . Output input controller

14d. . . processor

14e1-14em. . . Antenna module

12a. . . Controller

12b. . . Non-volatile memory

12c. . . Timer

12d. . . Accompanying memory

12e. . . Random generator

12f. . . Cryptographic module

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a radio frequency identification system in accordance with an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a detailed block diagram of the RFID reader 14 in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a detailed block diagram of the i-th radio frequency identification tag 12_i in FIG. 1.

Fig. 4 is a sequence diagram showing the flow of the clustering proof generation between the RFID reader 14 and the RFID tags 12_1-12_n in Fig. 1.

FIG. 5 is another sequence diagram showing the flow of the clustering proof generation between the RFID reader 14 and the RFID tags 12_1-12_n in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a further sequence diagram showing the flow of the clustering proof generation between the RFID reader 14 and the RFID tags 12_1-12_n in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing a method for generating a clustering certificate applied to each of the RFID tags 12_1-12_n.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing a method of generating a clustering certificate applied to the RFID reader 14.

FIG. 9 is a flow chart showing a method for uploading a cluster certificate according to an embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a flow chart showing an inventory verification method according to an embodiment.

(A)-(F). . . Steps

Claims (19)

A clustering verification method is applied to a plurality of radio frequency identification (RFID) tags to perform a clustering verification operation with an RFID reader, the clustering verification method comprising: responding to the RFID reader Providing a first round parameter to generate a random number parameter, wherein the first round parameter is related to one of the RFID tags, and generating a tag according to the first round parameter, the random number parameter, and a tag key a first passback parameter; determining whether each of the RFID tags receives a second round parameter provided by the RFID reader within a predetermined period of time after receiving the start of one of the first round parameters, wherein the second round The parameter is related to the first backhaul parameter of the RFID tags; determining whether the first and the second round parameters correspond to each other; when the first and second round parameters correspond to each other and the predetermined time starts from the predetermined time Receiving the second round parameter during the period, updating the label key according to the random number parameter; and according to the second round parameter, the random number parameter, and the updated label gold Generating and outputting a second return parameter. The clustering verification method according to claim 1, wherein after the step of determining whether each of the RFID tags receives the second round parameter within the predetermined period from the start point, the method further comprises: when not When the second round parameter is received within the predetermined period from the start time point, a termination event is triggered via each of the RFID tags. The clustering verification method of claim 1, wherein after the step of determining whether the first and the second round parameters correspond to each other, the method further comprises: when determining that the second round parameter is not related to the first round parameter Correspondingly, a termination event is triggered via each of the RFID tags. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of generating the first backhaul parameter according to the first round parameter, the random number parameter and a label key further comprises: according to the first round parameter And calculating the first operational parameter by the random parameter; and encrypting the first operational parameter according to the tag key to generate the first backhaul parameter. The clustering verification method of claim 1, wherein the step of generating and outputting the second backhaul parameter according to the second round parameter, the random number parameter, and the updated label key further comprises: The second round parameter and the random number parameter calculate a second operational parameter; and encrypt the second operational parameter according to the updated label key to generate and output a second backhaul parameter. The method for verifying the clustering according to claim 1, further comprising: initializing the RFID tags, causing each of the RFID tags to have the tag identity data and the tag key; and responding to the RFID reader providing a query instruction (Query), providing the tag identification data of each of the RFID tags to the RFID reader; wherein the RFID reader determines a tag set according to the received tag identity data and generates the first Round parameters. A clustering verification method is applied to a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) reader to perform a cluster verification operation with a plurality of RFID tags, the group verification method comprising: broadcasting a query instruction (Query) Each of the RFID tags returns a tag identity data in response to the query command; determining a tag set according to the received tag identity data, and generating and broadcasting a first round parameter, each of the RFID tags responding to the first Returning a first backhaul parameter, wherein the first backhaul parameter is related to the first round parameter, one of the RFID tags, and each of the RFID tags generates a random number parameter; Generating and broadcasting a second round parameter corresponding to the first backhaul parameter of each of the RFID tags, each of the RFID tags determining whether to receive the predetermined time period after receiving the start of one of the first round parameters a second round parameter and whether the first and second round parameters correspond to each other, and if so, each of the RFID tags updates the label key according to the random number parameter, and according to the first The round parameter, the random number parameter and the updated label key generate and output a second backhaul parameter; and the first and the same according to a reader key, the label identity data of each of the RFID tags The second passback parameter produces a bunch of poly verification data. The clustering verification method of claim 7, further comprising: initializing the RFID reader such that the RFID reader has the reader key. The method for verifying the clustering according to claim 7, further comprising: determining whether the RFID reader is connected to a verification server via a communication link; determining whether the RFID reader has the cluster verification data. And transmitting the clustered verification data to the verification server when the RFID reader is connected to the verification server via the communication link and the RFID reader has the cluster verification data; wherein the verification server Decrypting the cluster verification data according to the pre-stored reader key, the label identity data of each of the RFID tags, and the tag key of each of the RFID tags to audit the cluster verification data operating. The clustering verification method of claim 7, wherein the step of generating and broadcasting the first round parameter according to the label identity data corresponding to each of the RFID tags further comprises: labeling the RFID tags The identity data is hashed to find the first round parameter. The clustering verification method of claim 7, wherein the step of generating and broadcasting a second round parameter according to the first backhaul parameter corresponding to each of the RFID tags further comprises: The first passback parameter performs a hash operation to find the second round parameter. The clustering verification method according to claim 7, wherein the cluster verification is generated according to the reader key, the label identity data of each of the RFID tags, the first and the second backhaul parameters. The step of data further includes: encrypting the tag identity data, the first backhaul parameter, and the second backhaul parameter returned by each of the RFID tags according to the reader key to generate and store a group of verifications. data. A clustering verification method is applied between a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) reader and a plurality of RFID tags, and the clustering verification method includes: broadcasting a query command (Query) via the RFID reader. Responding to the query command, returning the tag identity data to the RFID reader via each of the RFID tags; determining, by the RFID reader, a tag set according to the received tag identity data, and generating and broadcasting a tag a first round parameter; storing the first round parameter via each of the RFID tags, generating a random number parameter, and generating a first backhaul parameter according to the first round parameter, the random number parameter, and a tag key; The RFID reader generates and broadcasts a second round parameter according to the first backhaul parameter corresponding to each of the RFID tags; determining, by each of the RFID tags, whether each of the RFID tags is receiving the first round parameter Receiving, by the start point, the second round parameter provided by the RFID reader within a predetermined period, and determining whether the second round parameter corresponds to the first round parameter; When the first and the second round parameters correspond to each other and the second round parameter is received within the predetermined period from the start time point, the label key is updated according to the random number parameter via each of the RFID tags, according to the The second round parameter, the random number parameter and the updated label key generate and output a second backhaul parameter; and the label is received by the RFID reader according to a reader key and each of the RFID tags The identity data, the first and the second backhaul parameters generate a group of verified data. The method for verifying the clustering according to claim 13 further includes: initializing the RFID tags, causing each of the RFID tags to have the tag identity data and the tag key; and initializing the RFID reader to enable The RFID reader has the reader key. The clustering verification method of claim 13, wherein after the step of determining whether each of the RFID tags receives the second round parameter within the predetermined period from the start point, the method further comprises: when not When the second round parameter is received within the predetermined period from the start time point, a termination event is triggered via each of the RFID tags. The clustering verification method of claim 13, wherein after the step of determining whether the first and the second round parameters correspond to each other, the method further comprises: when determining that the second round parameter is not related to the first round parameter Correspondingly, a termination event is triggered via each of the RFID tags. The method for verifying the clustering according to claim 13 further includes: determining whether the RFID reader is connected to a verification server via a communication link; determining whether the RFID reader has the cluster verification data. And transmitting the clustered verification data to the verification server when the RFID reader is connected to the verification server via the communication link and the RFID reader has the cluster verification data; wherein the verification server Decrypting the cluster verification data according to the pre-stored reader key, the label identity data of each of the RFID tags, and the tag key of each of the RFID tags to audit the cluster verification data operating. A radio frequency identification (RFID) tag group includes a plurality of RFID tags for performing a group verification operation with an RFID reader, each of the RFID tags including: a random number generator; a memory Storing a code and storing a tag identity data and a tag key in response to an initialization operation; an encryption module; and a controller for executing a group of verification methods according to the code, the group The poly verification method includes the steps of: storing the RFID reader to provide one of the first round parameters and generating a random number parameter, wherein the first round parameter is related to one of the RFID tags and identifying the identity information; driving the encryption The module generates a first backhaul parameter according to the first round parameter, the random number parameter and a label key; and determines whether each of the RFID tags is within a predetermined period of time after receiving one of the first round parameters Receiving, by the RFID reader, one of the second round parameters, wherein the second round parameter is related to the first backhaul parameter of the RFID tags; determining the first Whether the second round parameters correspond to each other; when the first and second round parameters correspond to each other and the second round parameter is received within the predetermined period from the start time point, the second round parameter is received, and according to The random number parameter is used to update the label key; and the encryption module is driven to generate and output a second backhaul parameter according to the second round parameter, the random number parameter and the updated label key. A radio frequency identification (RFID) reader for performing a group verification operation with a plurality of RFID tags, the RFID reader comprising: a plurality of antennas; and a memory for storing a code. And storing a reader key in response to an initialization operation; and a processor for performing a group of aggregation verification methods according to the code, the cluster verification method comprising the steps of: broadcasting a query instruction (Query), each The RFID tags return a tag identity data in response to the query command; determine a tag set according to the received tag identity data, and generate and broadcast a first round parameter, each of the RFID tags responding to the first round The parameter returns a first backhaul parameter, wherein the first backhaul parameter is related to the first round parameter, one of the RFID tags, and one of the RFID tags generates a random number parameter; The first backhaul parameter to each of the RFID tags generates and broadcasts a second round parameter, and each of the RFID tags determines whether one of the first round parameters is received. Receiving the second round parameter within a predetermined period of time and whether the first and second round parameters correspond to each other, and if so, each of the RFID tags updates the label key according to the random number parameter, and according to the second The round parameter, the random number parameter and the updated label key generate and output a second backhaul parameter; and according to a reader key, the label identity data of each of the RFID tags, the first and the The second passback parameter produces a bunch of poly verification data.