1330474 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於光傳輸器，且特定言之係關於製造一種光 傳輸器以最小化通過一光纖傳輸之光學信號的溫度依賴性 失真特性。 【先前技術】 經由一導體上之電壓信號傳送類比或二進位數位資訊之 資料機替代物使用一光纖電纜上之光學（光）信號。來自類 比射頻或數位電路之電信號（高/低電壓）可以諸如Vc SEL或 邊發射雷射之LED或固態雷射轉換成經振幅或頻率調變的 光學信號。同樣地’光學信號可藉由使用用於將其引入放 大器、解調器或其它類型電路之輸入端中的光電二極體或 光電晶體再轉化回電形式。 雷射谐振器具有兩種不同類型之模式：橫向及縱向。橫 向模式表明其處於光束之橫截面強度分佈中。縱向模式對 應於沿雷射腔之長度的不同諧振，該諧振在該雷射之增益 頻寬内的不同波長下發生。當對應於不同縱向模式之不同 線的相對強度在特定情況下偏移時，發生模式跳變。為了 利用一光傳輸器提供一可靠之通信鏈路，需要防止該光學 通信應用中所用之雷射中的模式跳變。 在一雷射中是否易於發生模式跳變之因素為該雷射的穩 定性程度。存在很多形式之穩定性，其中包括波長穩定 性、脈衝對脈衝能量穩定性、重複率穩定性、熱穩定性、 頻寬穩定性，且此等穩定性可嘗試以各種方法來控制。例 104868.doc 1330474 如，能量穩定性及重複率穩定性常常取決於輸入至增益介 質之電能或光能的穩定性。波長或頻寬穩定性之程度可取 決於諧振器材料之品質及其它因素。熱穩定性程度可影響 波長或頻寬穩定性，且通常可取決於該增益介質之熱容量 及冷部及/或加熱元件是否與一熱感應器（即溫度控制器卜 熱交換器或其它該熱監控器及熱傳輸設備一起提供，及此 等設備所展不之熱控制敏感性的程度如何。已進行各種研 製來穩$包括操作溫度 < 雷射系統的各種#數並防止模式 跳變的發生。 從光學端傳輸光學形式之數位資訊可簡單藉由瞄準遠距 離處的光電偵測器處的傳輸器或收發器的雷射或雷射陣列 來在室外完成’但光束、光束發散、散射、色散等之幹擾 使得難以無任何顯著失真地傳輸該光束。一種避免室外光 學資料傳輸之問題的方法為在沿一光纖傳送光脈衝。光纖 將傳輸一束力’如銅線將傳導電子一樣，其具有完全避免 電感電谷及遭叉電信號外部幹擾之所有相關聯問題的優 勢。 甚至對於光學介質之單一模式而言，由LED、VCSEL、 邊發射雷射等_穿過該介質之較短路徑發射的光脈衝將 比採用較長路徑的光脈衝更快到達偵測器。形成光學介質 之材料賦予某種程度的色散或所偵測信號之不同頻率的群 速度變化。結果為資訊傳遞信號（information-carrying signal)之振巾田及相位失真。對於更寬之頻寬或調變頻率且 古整個介質長度增加時’此問題變得更為惡劣。對於很長 104868.doc 1330474 之距離而言，如在光學通信裝備中，甚至是具有非常窄之 頻寬的光脈衝也將導致信號展示不良程度的失真。 如上文簡單討論，甚至以頻寬很窄之單一模式雷射及甚 至當藉由習知方法謹慎採取步驟來穩定光學脈衝時，已知 在一光學介質上從已調變之雷射傳輸器傳輸的光學信號展 示某種程度的失真。已努力研製電子預失真電路來減小光 學信號之失真’例如參看美國專利第6,288,814、 • 5,79M54、5,252,930、5，132,639 及 4,992,754 號，該等專 Μ以引狀方式併人本文中。失真出現在外腔雷射（ecl) 之輸出端，且其為該雷射設計的結果。雖然當該雷射鏈接 至一光纖時也呈現失真，但其不如ECL失真強烈及多變。 歸因於失真之顯著熱影響，可較佳組態預失真電路以取 決於非線性雷射之操作溫度來操作。可提供多個預失真放 大（pre-distorter)設置以使得可根據該雷射之監控溫度來選 擇特定設置，例如用於控制預失真放大輸出端之電虔。此 • 外，可藉由一光纖間（fiber taP)來監控雷射輸出以偵測振 ㈣相位之任何變化’且響應其，可（例如）使用溫度感應 器及熱電冷卻劑（TEC)來控制及稍微穩定雷射溫度自身， 使得藉由調節預失真電路來熱變化對失真之影響。歸因於 其對光學通信信號品質之實質影響，需要進一步控制及減 i特疋。之由外腔雷射產生之光學信號(其包括一雷射芯 片及一外部反射器）的失真。 從〆、匕研九者之著作得知外腔雷射中之經傳輸的光學信 號的失真程度取決於該雷射傳輸器的溫度。此外，從該著 104868.doc 1330474 作也得知該失真通常在逐雷射變化之單一操作模式的雷射 傳輸器的一特定溫度下具有一可辨別的最小值。因此，本 發明之一目標為提供一種製造一用於光學通信之雷射傳輪 态系統的方法及一用於該系統之組態，該雷射傳輸器系統 在所利用之雷射的該失真最小值處熱穩定。 ’' 【發明内容】 雖然在通信之雷射傳輸器系統中存在不良之光學信號失 真，但特定言之，可藉由控制雷射傳輪器溫度，在某些情 況下將光學信號失真減小或最小化。本發明考慮光傳輸= 之雷射源產生具有光學信號失真特性之已調變光學作號， 其中當該等信號藉由諸如空氣、水、玻璃、塑膠等之色。散 介質傳輸時，其具有隨雷射操作溫度而變的光學信號失真 特陡應it # 了解’在雷射單一操作縱向模式内之此等 光學信號傳輸器系統之失真與雷射操作溫度的關係曲線 中，存在-最小值。因此，最好在存在最小失真值之溫度 下及接近該溫度，操作該雷射。 應了解’雖然此等雷射傳輸器系統之失真曲線在操作模 式内一律具有隨溫度而變 一 夂的最小失真值，但每一雷射傳輸 裔系統之最小值並不全部呈現在同_溫度下對於每 b -射系統：。，每一雷射傳輸器存在最小失真值的溫度 =不同的。若確定每一雷射傳輸器系統之最小失真值的溫 :持：：Γ作方式將該系統大約維持在該溫度，且因此 直值之r声小失真值下。當將溫度维持在約產生一最小失 、 …時，不可能發生由熱引發的模式跳變，且最 l0486B.doc 1330474 小化之失真在一雷射傳輸器系統中一般也是被公認是有益 的0 因此提供一種製造一光傳輸器系統之方法。該光傳輸器 系統包括一用於產生一已調變光學信號的雷射或雷射陣 列，該光學信號麵合至—色散光學介質，並藉由該色散光 學介質來傳輸。該雷射在其輸出端具有一隨溫度而變的光 子七號失真特性。該失真特性在介於第__預定溫度與第二 鲁較尚預定溫度之間的操作溫度範圍中具有一最小值。該等 第一及第二溫度係由在低於第一溫度且高於第二溫度之溫 度下操作時，於不同模式下產生光輻射的雷射來界定。 該製造方法包括將一雷射設備裝配於一包括一溫度感應 器及一溫度控制器之模組上。確定該雷射之最佳操作溫度 卩最小化第一與第二溫度之間的溫度下的失真。選擇性調 節該溫度控制器以便在約最佳溫度下操作該雷射。 該最佳溫度可藉由最初將該溫度設定為第一溫度或第二 • 溫度或遠離該溫度最小值之另一溫度並量測失真來確定。 接著S玄溫度在溫度最小值方向朝著該等第一及第二溫声中 之另一個增加並再次量測失真《重複該增加及量測直到介 於該等第一與第二溫度之間的溫度範圍被完全掃描或至少 直到最小值被掃描及確定。較佳在該溫度範圍或至少在存 在最小失真值之溫度内步進及或者掃描該溫度。 應進一步認識到可有利地單獨或與本發明之製造方法鲈 合利用一線上（on-line)方法》該方法可包括量測主動雷射 傳輸之分離部分或暫時離線傳輸之約全部或部分部分的失 104868.doc •9- 1330474 真。就確定最小失真值可已偏移至一新之溫度而言，接著 調即溫度控制器以將雷射之溫度控制在新溫度或接近該新 溫度。可佈置-反饋迴路，纟中㈣地或週期性地量測失 真，且基於該失真量測調節該雷射之溫度。可藉由分離該 田射之主動傳輸的光束部分或藉由將一失真偵測器插入雷 射傳輸光路徑中—預定時間並接著將其從光路徑移除來組 態該反饋迴路。 也提供一光學信號傳輸系統…光學模組包括一產生光 學脈衝之光源，該光學脈衝通過_光導作為—來自該模組 之已调號來傳播β當藉由該光導傳輸該光學信號 時’該光源具有-隨溫度而變之光學信號失真特性，且該 特性在一操作溫度範圍内的一最佳溫度下具有一最小值。 失真刀析偵測态分析該光學信號之失真，包括量測光學信 號=至>一部分的失真或指示該失真的另一參數，且基於 δ亥里測產生-診斷信號…控制模組確定隨該分析後擬將 模組調節到之溫度…溫度控制器接收—來自該控制模组 之控制信號以將該模組維持在確定溫度或接近該確定溫 度。根據多個失真量測’近似確定一原始最佳溫度並將其 設定為待由該溫度控制器維持之操作溫度。 貫施例中，一光學信號傳輸系統也包括一產生光 學脈衝之光源，該光學脈衝通過—光導作為—來自該模組 之已調變光學信號來傳播。當藉由該光導傳輸該光學信號 時’该光源具有一隨溫度而變之光學信號失真特性，且該 特性在一操作溫度範圍内之一最佳溫度下具有一最小值， 104868.doc 1330474 度 =一用於傳輸光學信號之光源及光導。這—實施例之失 把刀析偵測器在光學信號傳輸模組的主動操作期間線上分 先學信號的失真’包括量測光學信號之—部分的失真或 曰不该失真的另-參數，並基於該量測產生—診斷信號。 2控制模崎據該分析確定待由該模組待維持或調節狀 -溫度。該溫度控制器接收—來自該控制模組之控•號 =該模組維持在確定溫度或接《確定溫度。根據該失 、广則’近似確定一或多個最佳溫度並將其設定為待由該 ^度控制器在該模組之主動操作期間時常維持的操作溫 【實施方式】 圖1中以區塊形式說明—用於確定—光傳輸器存在最小 失真值之溫度的例示性佈置。模組2展示具有一電端4及一 光學端6。電鐵8在電端4處麵接至模組2，而光纖電纔_ 先學端6處輕接至模組2。該模組包括基於電輸入信號發射 先學k號之光源12。藉由將該光源安置於非常接近光學端 6及/或藉由將—光導提供於該模組2之光源12與光學端6之 間來將&發射之光學信號導引至外殼内的諸如㈣電纔的 光子"貝。圖2中也示意性地展示—電光轉換器模組14。 圖1之光傳輸器模組2也說明成包括一溫度感應器(ts)i6 及一溫度控制器（T C)1 8。該溫度感應器1 6可為該溫度控制 器18之—部分或—獨立組件。該溫度控制包括-加熱 及/或冷卻元件，如熱電冷卻劑(TEC)、水流或如熟習此項 技術者所理解之另-熱流機制。圖1中也說明耦接至光學 I04868.doc 山〇474 ^質ίο之s a置的失真分析器2G。該失真分析器別接收 從模組2的光源12傳輸至光學介質1〇中並穿過該光學介質 ^光學信號。該失真分析㈣可包括—功轉、光譜分 2盗或量測光信號之數量或參數的其它量測設備，基於該 量測可藉由逐點法或分析多個資料點之曲線或其變形確定 -失真特性。將該溫度控制器選擇性地設定為在最小失真 值周圍之溫度範圍内的不同溫度。當該模組在每一多個溫 度I操作或掃描時，失真分析器量測其所接收之光信號’ =付各溫度下之失真被確定。從多個失真與溫度資料點之 關係曲線可確定發生最小失真的溫度。 圖2為說明執行一用於確定圖1之雷射傳輸器系統發生最 小失真之溫度之技術之步驟或操作的流程圖。在S1，將圖 !之經裝配之系統之溫度控制器咖定為包括發生最小失 真之溫度之溫度範圍之邊界處的第一溫度n。此温度範圍 且對應於草一模式内之光學輻射的產生。當模組在第一溫 度Ή下操作時，於奂直八把„ 士 失真刀析益處接收該信號、進行量測並 確疋由圖1之系統所傳輸之光學信號的失直。 =3,接著在朝向失真最小溫度之方向上，將該溫度步 進至第-溫度T2或在第二溫度仙掃描該 ::二溫度T2下確定該失真。如一指示的步驟： =明:第三、第四等温度下’重複失真之步進或； ^及確疋，直到該溫度範圍均增加且失真資料點係取 發生失真’之最小值的溫度範圍中的溫度。 在.分析多個資料點以使得發生最小失真值之溫度被 I04868.doc r "因：此為—種製造方法，所以設定溫度控制器以將 ::且之溫度維持在大約的預定溫度。以此方式，控制該 、：之溫度在—中心溫度周圍變化，料心溫度即經確定 特定雷射或㈣傳輸器模組2之失真與溫度之關 係曲線中之最小值的溫度。 圖3說明-特定傳輸器模組之失真與溫度的關係曲線。 應瞭解傳輸态模組通常展示類似於圖3中所示之曲線。然 、士“不’傳輪器模組之最小值將變化。在該溫度範圍 之邊界處展示兩個溫度ταΤ2β在較佳方法中，在71與 的咖度下確疋失真。所示曲線可基於鄰近資料點藉 由以光滑連接線連接資料點而從該資料確定。只要採取足 夠之資料點’就可從該資料辨別最小失真，且能夠確定發 生=最小失真之溫度。最後，可將傳輸器模組2之溫度控 制益(TC)18(參看圖”設定為量測最小失真值及/或另外確 定其發生之預定溫度Tmin。 在本發明之另一實施例中，彳在—線上失真$控過程期 間使用圖1不意性說明之佈置。W &當信冑品質惡化超過 某一限度時，暫時（週期性地或在選定時間）離線採取一主 動通信過程，以使得該失真分析器20可插入雷射傳輸之光 路徑中。可如上文或類似地重複在包括最小失真值之整個 溫度範®内步進或掃描的過程。就存在最小失真值之最佳 溫度已改變而言，可將該溫度控制器選擇性地調節至該新 溫度。在監控後移除失真分析器，且將通信過程恢復至線 上並繼續。 104868.doc …U4741330474 IX. Description of the Invention: The present invention relates to optical transmitters, and in particular to the manufacture of an optical transmitter to minimize temperature dependent distortion characteristics of optical signals transmitted through an optical fiber. [Prior Art] A data source substitute that transmits analog or binary bit information via a voltage signal on a conductor uses an optical (optical) signal on a fiber optic cable. Electrical signals (high/low voltage) from analog RF or digital circuits can be converted to amplitude or frequency modulated optical signals, such as Vc SEL or an edge-emitting laser or solid-state laser. Similarly, the optical signal can be converted back to electrical form by using a photodiode or optoelectronic crystal for introduction into the input of an amplifier, demodulator or other type of circuit. Laser resonators have two different types of modes: lateral and longitudinal. The transverse mode indicates that it is in the cross-sectional intensity distribution of the beam. The longitudinal mode corresponds to a different resonance along the length of the laser cavity, which occurs at different wavelengths within the gain bandwidth of the laser. A mode jump occurs when the relative intensities of the different lines corresponding to different longitudinal modes are shifted under certain circumstances. In order to provide a reliable communication link using an optical transmitter, it is desirable to prevent mode hopping in the laser used in the optical communication application. The factor that is prone to mode jump in a laser is the degree of stability of the laser. There are many forms of stability, including wavelength stability, pulse versus pulse energy stability, repetition rate stability, thermal stability, bandwidth stability, and such stability can be controlled in a variety of ways. Example 104868.doc 1330474 For example, energy stability and repetition rate stability often depend on the stability of electrical energy or light energy input to the gain medium. The degree of wavelength or bandwidth stability can depend on the quality of the resonator material and other factors. The degree of thermal stability can affect wavelength or bandwidth stability and can generally depend on the heat capacity of the gain medium and whether the cold and/or heating elements are associated with a thermal sensor (ie, temperature controller heat exchanger or other such heat) The degree to which the monitors and heat transfer equipment are provided together, and the degree of thermal control sensitivity that such equipment does not exhibit. Various developments have been made to stabilize the various operating temperatures, including the various temperatures of the laser system and to prevent mode jumps. The digital information transmitted from the optical end can be done outdoors by simply aiming at the laser or laser array of the transmitter or transceiver at the photodetector at a remote location, but the beam, beam divergence, and scattering Interference from dispersion, etc. makes it difficult to transmit the beam without any significant distortion. One way to avoid the problem of outdoor optical data transmission is to transmit light pulses along an optical fiber. The fiber will transmit a beam of force 'like a copper wire that conducts electrons, It has the advantage of completely avoiding all associated problems of the inductor valley and the external interference of the forked electrical signal. Even for the single mode of optical media In other words, light pulses emitted by LEDs, VCSELs, edge-emitting lasers, etc., which traverse a shorter path through the medium, will reach the detector faster than light pulses that use longer paths. The material that forms the optical medium gives some degree The dispersion or the group velocity of the different frequencies of the detected signal. The result is the tissue field and phase distortion of the information-signaling signal. For wider bandwidth or modulation frequency and the entire length of the medium is increased. This problem becomes even worse. For very long distances of 104,868.doc 1330474, as in optical communication equipment, even light pulses with very narrow bandwidths will cause distortion of the signal display. As discussed briefly above, it is known to transmit from a modulated laser transmitter on an optical medium even in a single mode laser with a very narrow bandwidth and even when steps are carefully taken to stabilize the optical pulse by conventional methods. The optical signal exhibits some degree of distortion. Efforts have been made to develop electronic predistortion circuits to reduce the distortion of optical signals [see, for example, U.S. Patent Nos. 6,288,814, 5,79 M54, 5, 252, 930, 5, 132, 639 and 4,992, 754, which are incorporated herein by reference. Distortion occurs at the output of an external cavity laser (ecl) and is the result of the laser design. The laser is also distorted when it is linked to a fiber, but it is not as strong and variable as the ECL distortion. Due to the significant thermal effects of distortion, it is better to configure the predistortion circuit to operate depending on the operating temperature of the nonlinear laser. A plurality of pre-distorter settings may be provided to enable selection of a particular setting based on the monitored temperature of the laser, such as for controlling the power of the pre-distortion amplified output. Fiber optic (fiber taP) to monitor the laser output to detect any change in the phase of the vibration (4) and respond to it, for example, using a temperature sensor and a thermoelectric coolant (TEC) to control and slightly stabilize the laser temperature itself, The effect of thermal variation on distortion is made by adjusting the predistortion circuit. Due to its substantial impact on the quality of optical communication signals, further control and mitigation are required. The distortion of the optical signal produced by the external cavity laser, which includes a laser chip and an external reflector. The degree of distortion of the transmitted optical signal in the external cavity laser is determined by the work of the 〆 and 匕 九 九 九 九 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 In addition, it is also known from the 104868.doc 1330474 that the distortion typically has a discernible minimum at a particular temperature of the laser transmitter in a single mode of operation that varies from laser to laser. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of fabricating a laser transmission wheel system for optical communication and a configuration for the system, the distortion of the laser system utilized in the laser transmitter system The temperature is stable at the minimum. '' [Invention] Although there is a poor optical signal distortion in the communication laser transmitter system, in particular, the optical signal distortion can be reduced in some cases by controlling the temperature of the laser wheel. Or minimized. The present invention contemplates that the laser source of optical transmission = produces a modulated optical design having optical signal distortion characteristics, wherein the signals are by colors such as air, water, glass, plastic, and the like. When transmitting a dispersive medium, it has an optical signal distortion that varies with the laser operating temperature. It should understand the relationship between the distortion of the optical signal transmitter system and the laser operating temperature in the laser single operation longitudinal mode. In the curve, there is a minimum value. Therefore, it is preferred to operate the laser at and near the temperature at which the minimum distortion value is present. It should be understood that although the distortion curves of these laser transmitter systems have a minimum distortion value that varies with temperature in the operating mode, the minimum value of each laser transmission system does not always appear at the same temperature. For each b-shot system:. The temperature at which each laser transmitter has a minimum distortion value = different. If the temperature of the minimum distortion value of each laser transmitter system is determined: Hold:: The mode maintains the system at approximately that temperature, and thus the value of the direct value of the small distortion. When the temperature is maintained to produce a minimum loss, ..., thermal induced mode transitions are unlikely to occur, and the distortion of the most l0486B.doc 1330474 is generally recognized as beneficial in a laser transmitter system. 0 A method of manufacturing an optical transmitter system is therefore provided. The optical transmitter system includes a laser or laser array for generating a modulated optical signal that is coupled to a dispersion optical medium and transmitted by the dispersive optical medium. The laser has a temperature-dependent photon VII distortion characteristic at its output. The distortion characteristic has a minimum value in an operating temperature range between the predetermined temperature and the second predetermined temperature. The first and second temperatures are defined by a laser that produces optical radiation in different modes when operating at a temperature below the first temperature and above the second temperature. The method of manufacture includes assembling a laser device onto a module including a temperature sensor and a temperature controller. Determining the optimum operating temperature of the laser 卩 minimizing distortion at temperatures between the first and second temperatures. The temperature controller is selectively adjusted to operate the laser at about the optimum temperature. The optimum temperature can be determined by initially setting the temperature to a first temperature or a second temperature or another temperature away from the temperature minimum and measuring the distortion. Then the S-thin temperature is increased toward the other of the first and second warm sounds in the direction of the minimum temperature and the distortion is again measured. "The increase and the measurement are repeated until between the first and second temperatures. The temperature range is completely scanned or at least until the minimum is scanned and determined. Preferably, the temperature is stepped and or scanned at this temperature range or at least within the temperature at which the minimum distortion value is present. It will be further appreciated that it may be advantageous to utilize an on-line method either alone or in conjunction with the fabrication method of the present invention. The method may include measuring a separate portion of the active laser transmission or about all or a portion of the temporary offline transmission. Lost 104868.doc •9- 1330474 Really. To determine that the minimum distortion value has been shifted to a new temperature, the temperature controller is then adjusted to control the temperature of the laser to or near the new temperature. The feedback may be arranged in a feedback loop, measured in a quadruple or periodically, and the temperature of the laser is adjusted based on the distortion measure. The feedback loop can be configured by separating the actively transmitted beam portion of the field or by inserting a distortion detector into the laser transmission light path for a predetermined time and then removing it from the light path. An optical signal transmission system is also provided. The optical module includes a light source that generates an optical pulse that passes through the _ light guide as a tuned number from the module to propagate β when the optical signal is transmitted by the optical guide. The light source has an optical signal distortion characteristic that varies with temperature and has a minimum value at an optimum temperature over an operating temperature range. The distortion analysis detects the distortion of the optical signal, including measuring the optical signal = to > a part of the distortion or another parameter indicating the distortion, and based on the δ mile measurement-diagnosis signal... the control module determines The analysis then adjusts the module to its temperature... the temperature controller receives a control signal from the control module to maintain the module at or near the determined temperature. An original optimum temperature is determined based on a plurality of distortion measurements and set to the operating temperature to be maintained by the temperature controller. In one embodiment, an optical signal transmission system also includes a light source that produces an optical pulse that propagates through the light guide as a modulated optical signal from the module. When the optical signal is transmitted by the light guide, the light source has a temperature-distortion optical signal distortion characteristic, and the characteristic has a minimum value at an optimum temperature within an operating temperature range, 104868.doc 1330474 degrees = a light source and light guide for transmitting optical signals. In this embodiment, the distortion of the detector is determined by the distortion of the signal during the active operation of the optical signal transmission module, including the distortion of the optical signal or the other parameter of the distortion. And based on the measurement to generate a diagnostic signal. 2 Control Molding According to the analysis, the temperature to be maintained or adjusted by the module is determined. The temperature controller receives - the control number from the control module = the module is maintained at a determined temperature or "determined temperature." According to the loss, the width is 'approximately determining one or more optimal temperatures and setting it as the operating temperature to be maintained by the controller during the active operation of the module. [Embodiment] Block Form Description - An exemplary arrangement for determining the temperature at which the optical transmitter has a minimum distortion value. The module 2 is shown with an electrical terminal 4 and an optical terminal 6. The electric iron 8 is connected to the module 2 at the electric terminal 4, and the optical fiber is connected to the module 2 at the sixth end. The module includes a light source 12 that emits a k-number based on an electrical input signal. The & emitted optical signal is directed into the housing by placing the light source in close proximity to the optical end 6 and/or by providing a light guide between the light source 12 and the optical end 6 of the module 2. (4) The photon of the electrician "Bei. An electro-optic converter module 14 is also shown schematically in FIG. The optical transmitter module 2 of Figure 1 is also illustrated as including a temperature sensor (ts) i6 and a temperature controller (T C) 18. The temperature sensor 16 can be a partial or separate component of the temperature controller 18. The temperature control includes a heating and/or cooling element such as a thermoelectric coolant (TEC), a water stream or another heat flow mechanism as understood by those skilled in the art. Also shown in Fig. 1 is a distortion analyzer 2G coupled to the optical I04868.doc. The distortion analyzer is also received from the source 12 of the module 2 for transmission into the optical medium 1 and through the optical medium. The distortion analysis (4) may include other measurement devices, such as power conversion, spectral division, or measurement of the number or parameters of the optical signals, based on which the curve can be analyzed by point-by-point method or by analyzing multiple data points or their deformations. Determine - distortion characteristics. The temperature controller is selectively set to a different temperature within a temperature range around the minimum distortion value. When the module is operated or scanned at each of a plurality of temperatures I, the distortion analyzer measures the received optical signal ' = the distortion at each temperature is determined. A relationship between multiple distortions and temperature data points determines the temperature at which the least distortion occurs. 2 is a flow chart illustrating the steps or operations of performing a technique for determining the temperature at which the laser transmitter system of FIG. 1 is subjected to minimal distortion. At S1, the temperature controller of the assembled system of Fig. is set to the first temperature n at the boundary of the temperature range including the temperature at which the minimum distortion occurs. This temperature range corresponds to the generation of optical radiation in the grass-first mode. When the module is operated at the first temperature, it is advantageous to receive the signal, measure and confirm the loss of the optical signal transmitted by the system of Figure 1. Then, in the direction toward the minimum distortion temperature, the temperature is stepped to the first temperature T2 or the second temperature is scanned: the two temperature T2 determines the distortion. As an indication step: = Ming: third, At the fourth temperature, the step of repeating the distortion or; ^ and 疋, until the temperature range increases and the distortion data point is taken from the temperature range in which the distortion occurs to the minimum value. The temperature at which the minimum distortion value occurs is determined by I04868.doc r " Because this is a manufacturing method, the temperature controller is set to maintain the temperature of: and the predetermined temperature. In this way, the control is: The temperature varies around the center temperature, which is the temperature at which the minimum of the distortion or temperature of the particular laser or (4) transmitter module 2 is determined. Figure 3 illustrates the distortion of a particular transmitter module. Temperature curve It should be understood that the transmission state module typically exhibits a curve similar to that shown in Figure 3. However, the minimum value of the "no" wheeler module will vary. The display of two temperatures τα Τ 2β at the boundary of this temperature range is in the preferred method, and the distortion is confirmed at 71 degrees. The curve shown can be determined from the data based on neighboring data points by connecting the data points with a smooth connecting line. As long as sufficient data points are taken, the minimum distortion can be discerned from the data and the temperature at which the = minimum distortion occurs can be determined. Finally, the temperature control benefit (TC) 18 (see FIG.) of the transmitter module 2 can be set to measure the minimum distortion value and/or otherwise determine the predetermined temperature Tmin at which it occurs. In another embodiment of the invention, During the on-line distortion control process, the arrangement illustrated in Figure 1 is used in an unintentional manner. W & When the signal quality deteriorates beyond a certain limit, an active communication process is taken offline (periodically or at a selected time) to The distortion analyzer 20 can be inserted into the light path of the laser transmission. The process of stepping or scanning over the entire temperature range including the minimum distortion value can be repeated as above or similarly. There is an optimum temperature with a minimum distortion value. In a modified manner, the temperature controller can be selectively adjusted to the new temperature. The distortion analyzer is removed after monitoring and the communication process is restored to the line and continues. 104868.doc ... U474
雖然圖1中未展示’但可組態該佈置使得該失真分析器 直接與溫度控制器通信或與一控制器模組通信。較佳在該 控制器模組處理失真監控之結果。確定最佳溫度，且當S 最佳溫度不同於-目前設置時傳送一信號以將溫度控制器 調節至一原始的或新的最佳溫度。 圖4示意性地說明圖丨實施例之一替代物及剛剛所討論的 卩饋佈置。圖4說明一可用於執行一監控失真並將最佳溫 • &調節及控制在最小失真值或接近該最小失真值之線上方 法的反饋佈置。圖4之佈置包括傳輸模組2，該傳輸模組2 包括分別用於接收電輸入傳輸8並傳輸光學信號1〇之電輸 入编4及光學輸出端6。模組2較佳包括一雷射、lED或其 匕光學光源12、電光轉換模組14、溫度感應器16及溫度控 制器18。輸入信號8可為無線型、光學型或如熟習此項技 術者所理解之其它型式，且電源8可以替代方式來供應。 如熱習此項技術者所理解，雷射12可以光學、電或其它方 灣^式來栗給。 將光束分光器22安置於雷射傳輸之光路徑中以將信號 分成兩份。在一通信過程中，將該等兩份中之一份引導至 或繼續引導至一接收器。將另一份傳輸至失真分析器2〇。 以此方式，該通信過程可繼續保持線上並主動地傳輸來自 光學通信模組2之信號’同時分析雷射傳輸信號之失真得 到。較佳將一信號從該失真分析器傳送至控制模組 (CM)24。該控制模組24可與光學通信模組2分離或嵌入其 内部。控制模組24較佳基於該信號或從失真分析器20所接 104868.doc •14- 丄划〇474 • &到之信號確定該溫度是否處於最佳溫度。當確^操作及 j或設定溫度不同於該最佳溫度時，控制模組24將一信號 通化至/Jnt度控制态1 8以調節雷射模組2之溫度。 存在报多可能且可有利之替代性佈置1如，可在設定 溫度，任-側的一或多個溫度點週期性地量測該失真。只 要此等屋度下之失真保持高於最佳溫度下之失真，就不用 進：調節。當在此等“外部，，溫度中之一溫度下量測之失 • 冑1小於在最佳溫度下量測之失真量時，接著可在-過程 中採取進-步量測以確定新的最佳溫度，或可將新的最佳 溫度改變為量測較低失真之溫度，其後在新的最佳溫度周 圍之點繼續量測失真之同一過程。在另一實例中，在可安 排或另外為了其它目的而發生之光學通信過程停止或停工 _期間’可掃描或步進整個經延伸之溫度範圍使得可在適 宜時間做出不規則的最佳溫度確定。 雖然已描述及說明瞭本發明之例示性圖式及特定實施 • 例，但應瞭解本發明之範圍並不限於所討論之特定實施 例。因此，該等實施例應視為說明性的而不是限制性的， 且應瞭解在不脫離如隨附申請專利範圍及其結構性與功能 性等效物中所陳述之本發明範嘴的情況下，熟習此項技術 者可對該等實施例進行變化。 此外’在可根冑本發明及/或其較佳實施例執行且可描 述於上文或提供於下文之方法中，已以選定印刷順序來描 述或另外提供該等操作。然而，除可清楚陳述一特定順序 或熟習此項技術者可認為一特定順序有必要之處外，該等 104868.doc 1330474 順序已選定且為了印刷方便而如此排序，且其並不希望化 示執行該等操作之任何特定順序。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1以區塊格式示意性地說明一確定特定雷射傳輸器系 統存在最小失真值之溫度的佈置。 圖2為執行一用於確定圖1之雷射傳輸器系統的最小失真 值溫度之技術的流程圖。 圖3說明一雷射傳輸器系統之一典型的失真與溫度的關 係曲線，其可（例如）使用圖2之技術根據一較佳實施例來確 定。 圖4以區塊格式示意性地說明用於線上監控雷射失真以 選擇性調節存在最小失真值之溫度的反饋佈置。 【主要元件符號說明】 2 模組 4 電端 6 光學端 8 電纜 10 光纖電纜 12 光源 14 電光轉換器模組 16 溫度感應器 18 溫度控制器 20 失真分析器 22 光束分光器 24 控制模組 104868.doc -16Although not shown in Figure 1, the arrangement can be configured such that the distortion analyzer communicates directly with the temperature controller or with a controller module. Preferably, the controller module processes the results of the distortion monitoring. The optimum temperature is determined and a signal is transmitted to adjust the temperature controller to an original or new optimum temperature when the S-optimal temperature is different than the current setting. Fig. 4 schematically illustrates an alternative to the embodiment of the figure and the feedforward arrangement just discussed. Figure 4 illustrates a feedback arrangement that can be used to perform a method of monitoring distortion and adjusting and controlling the optimum temperature above or below the minimum distortion value. The arrangement of Figure 4 includes a transmission module 2 that includes an electrical input 4 and an optical output 6 for receiving an electrical input transmission 8 and transmitting an optical signal, respectively. The module 2 preferably includes a laser, an lED or its xenon optical source 12, an electro-optical conversion module 14, a temperature sensor 16, and a temperature controller 18. The input signal 8 can be wireless, optical or other as would be understood by those skilled in the art, and the power source 8 can be supplied in an alternative manner. As understood by those skilled in the art, the laser 12 can be optically, electrically, or otherwise. The beam splitter 22 is placed in the light path of the laser transmission to split the signal into two. During a communication, one of the two copies is directed to or continues to be directed to a receiver. Transfer another copy to the distortion analyzer 2〇. In this manner, the communication process can continue to maintain the signal on the line and actively transmit the signal from the optical communication module 2 while analyzing the distortion of the laser transmission signal. Preferably, a signal is transmitted from the distortion analyzer to the control module (CM) 24. The control module 24 can be separated from or embedded in the optical communication module 2. The control module 24 preferably determines whether the temperature is at an optimum temperature based on the signal or from the signal to which the distortion analyzer 20 is connected. When it is determined that the operation and j or the set temperature is different from the optimum temperature, the control module 24 passes a signal to the /Jnt degree control state 18 to adjust the temperature of the laser module 2. There are many alternative arrangements that may be advantageous and may be advantageous. For example, the distortion may be periodically measured at one or more temperature points of the set-side, either side. As long as the distortion of these houses remains higher than the distortion at the optimum temperature, there is no need to adjust: When the measurement is lost at one of the "external, temperature" temperatures, 胄1 is less than the amount of distortion measured at the optimum temperature, then an in-step measurement can be taken in the process to determine the new The optimum temperature, or the new optimum temperature can be changed to measure the temperature of the lower distortion, and then continue to measure the distortion at the point around the new optimum temperature. In another example, it can be arranged Or otherwise, the optical communication process that occurs for other purposes is stopped or stopped. The period during which the entire extended temperature range can be scanned or stepped makes it possible to make an irregular optimal temperature determination at an appropriate time. Although this has been described and illustrated. The present invention is to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and should be understood Those skilled in the art can make variations to the embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims and their structural and functional equivalents. The invention and/or its preferred embodiments are described and may be described above or in the methods provided below, which have been described or otherwise provided in a selected order of printing. However, except that a particular order or familiarity may be clearly stated Those skilled in the art will recognize that a particular order is necessary, such that the order of 104868.doc 1330474 has been selected and so ordered for ease of printing, and that it is not intended to represent any particular order in which such operations are performed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a block diagram schematically illustrating an arrangement for determining the temperature at which a particular laser transmitter system has a minimum distortion value. Figure 2 is a diagram showing the minimum distortion used to determine the laser transmitter system of Figure 1. Flowchart of a technique for value temperature. Figure 3 illustrates a typical distortion versus temperature curve for a laser transmitter system that can be determined, for example, according to a preferred embodiment using the technique of Figure 2. Figure 4 The block format schematically illustrates a feedback arrangement for on-line monitoring of laser distortion to selectively adjust the temperature at which the minimum distortion value exists. [Major component symbol description] 2 mode The optical end electrical terminals 4 6 8 12 light fiber optic cable 10 the cable 14 electro-optical converter module 16 temperature sensor 18 temperature controller 20 the beam splitter 22 the distortion analyzer module 24 controls 104868.doc -16