1325030 玖、發明說明： L發明所屬之技術領域3 發明領域 本發明係有關於一種可防止泵内因為異物而堵塞之 5 泵。更詳而言之，係有關於一種將内襯改良，使異物可滑 順地通過泵内之果。 C先前技術3 背景技術 目前已有各種直接配置於水門之門體等上且設在水路 10 中的水中泵，例如具代表性之閘泵（本申請人之註冊商 標）。這種水中果，一般包含有：吸入鐘形口、葉輪、前置 引導葉片或後置引導葉片、吐出殼體、及瓣閥等。 泵一般配置成縱向或橫向，不過不論哪一型態/抽水 及排水泵均無法避免將異物吸入泵内。這些異物，即塵垢 15 類，一旦被吸入泵内，將黏附在葉輪和輪轂等上，妨礙泵 運轉。 塵垢類被吸入泵内後，如果可與水流一齊通過，則不 構成任何問題。然而，當塵垢類一直黏在泵之葉輪和輪轂 等上而並不脫離時，或者卡入葉輪與殼體或内襯之間間隙 20 時，雖然因為旋轉動力變大，防止過載裝置等安全裝置就 會啟動，使泵停止，但是如果發生次數太頻繁就會造成問 題。 為求防止這類不理想情況發生，以往會在泵上游側水 路設置除塵設備，盡量防止塵垢類侵入，使異物不會被吸 5 入泵内。又，若欲使塵垢類更容易通過泵内，已知可在泵 側使用後掠式翼片來加大與内襯之間間隙。再者，還有人 提出準備2台泵，當第1台泵發生堵塞情形時，可藉由連通 管與閥使堵塞側之泵產生逆洗流以消除堵塞的方法（例 如，專利文獻1)。此外，亦有人提出一種在殼體上，於視 葉輪特性而定之方向上設置槽，使異物容易通過的污水泵 (例如，專利文獻2)。 【專利文獻1】曰本專利公開公報特開平9 324799號1325030 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pump that prevents clogging in a pump due to foreign matter. More specifically, it relates to a method of modifying the inner liner so that the foreign matter can smoothly pass through the pump. C Prior Art 3 Background Art There are various underwater pumps that are directly disposed on a door or the like of a water gate and are provided in the waterway 10, such as a representative gate pump (registered trademark of the applicant). Such water fruit generally includes: a suction bell mouth, an impeller, a front guide vane or a rear guide vane, a spout casing, and a flap valve. Pumps are generally configured for longitudinal or lateral orientation, but no matter which type/pumping and drain pump is used, it is not possible to avoid inhaling foreign objects into the pump. These foreign objects, 15 types of dirt, will stick to the impeller and the hub once they are sucked into the pump, preventing the pump from running. When the dirt is sucked into the pump, it does not pose any problem if it can pass together with the water flow. However, when the grime has been stuck to the impeller and the hub of the pump without being detached, or when the gap between the impeller and the casing or the lining is 20, the safety device such as the overload device is prevented because the rotational power is increased. It will start and stop the pump, but it will cause problems if it occurs too often. In order to prevent such unfavorable situations, dust removal equipment will be installed in the upstream waterway of the pump to prevent the intrusion of dust and dirt, so that foreign matter will not be sucked into the pump. Further, if it is desired to make the dirt more easily pass through the pump, it is known to use a swept-back flap on the pump side to increase the gap with the lining. Further, it has been proposed to prepare two pumps. When the first pump is clogged, a method of backwashing the pump on the plugged side by the communication pipe and the valve can be used to eliminate the clogging (e.g., Patent Document 1). Further, there has been proposed a sewage pump in which a groove is provided in a direction depending on the characteristics of the impeller to allow foreign matter to easily pass (for example, Patent Document 2). [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Hei 9 324799
【專利文獻2】日本專利公開公報特開平7_35〇82號 C發明内容；J 發明欲解決課題 然而，雖然在上游側水路設置除塵設備以防止可能被 吸入果内之絲難人的方法，具有其—定效果，但是有 設備成本高，以及必須確保上游料具有設置設備之空間 等等問題。利用除塵設備並無法完全除去塵垢類，而且穿 過除塵設叙_域著鱗*錄觀塵麟與泵之間 之水路的塵垢類等將被吸入泵内。 因此，為提r%塵垢類通過性，過去是加大果之葉輪與 襯之間間隙。然而，這卻成為顯著降低纽率的原因。 田…、响如何都無法除去黏在果之葉輪上之異物時，就 ’…收到水路外，進行去異物等之維修。又，使用2台 =以藉逆洗流消除堵塞的方法適用於如人孔泵的水中泵， 然可縮短消除堵塞之時間，但卻是結構複雜成本高的系 統。 1325030 此外，在殼體上設置槽來除去異物的方法，卻也會削 弱殼體結構，助長磨損，且可能發生故障而大大損害泵功 能，甚至產生必須更換泵本身之情形。 本發明是有鑑於前述技術背景而作成者，可達成下述 5 目的。 本發明目的在於提供一種不用加大葉輪與内襯之間的 間隙，不致降低泵效率，並可使異物滑順地通過的泵。 本發明另一目的在於提供一種可藉著使黏附在葉輪之 異物粉碎或強制剝除來除去異物，且使異物滑順地通過泵 10 内的泵。 本發明再另一目的在於提供一種可精簡除塵設備等， 使水路系統整體設備成為低成本且易維修之結構的果。 用以解決課題之手段 本發明第1態樣之泵，係設置在水路中，且具有可將自 15 流入側吸入之水吐出之葉輪者，其特徵在於：該泵包含有： 内襯，係與前述葉輪相對，並設在前述泵之殼體内部者； 及異物捕捉體，係設在該内襯之内周，並且可捕捉與水一 齊被吸入炎雜之異物，使該異物通過前述泵内者。異物捕 捉體可將進入葉輪與内襯間之間隙的異物除去或粉碎。 20 本發明第2態樣之泵，如本發明第1態樣，其中前述異 物捕捉體是1個以上之凸構件，前述凸構件與前述葉輪之外 周緣部相對，並突出設置於前述内襯之内周之一部份上。 利用前述凸構件可將黏附在葉輪等上之異物除去或粉碎。 或者，利用前述凸構件可強制地使進入葉輪與内襯間之間 7 隙的異物通過排出間隙。 本發明第3態樣之果，如本發明第1態樣，其中前述異 物捕捉體是1個以上之凹部，前述凹部與前述葉輪之外周緣 部相對’並於前勒觀之㈣之-部份上沿著與前述葉輪 ㈣方向X又之方向設置成槽或孔。利用前述槽或孔可將 黏附在葉輪等上之異物除去或粉碎。或者，彻前述槽或 孔可強制地使進人葉輪與内襯間之聽的異物通過排出間 隙。：别述内襯之内周上’設置1個以上前述凸構件及“固 =上=相部的結構更具效果。設置不同之2種異物捕捉 體’可進-步提高除去效果。 本發明第4態樣之泉，如本發明 出部分，沿著前述捕捉到之異物之移= 果。’、 摘斜面在緩緩壓碎並切斷異物上，甚具效 本發明第5態樣之栗，係在 ^側吸人之水吐出之葉輪者，其特徵二二=自 ^割成多數而各可沿前述葉輪之半徑^ =體内部’ 前迷可= 體之内，用以保持前述可動_，使 輪之絲品 如果異物黏附在葉輪之前端，葉 轉力會將異物朝半徑方向壓。可 ” ，大，於是異物可剝落通過。由:=可移動’使 降’所以在提高紐率上，甚具效果。固定地擴大間 本發明第嶋Μ，如本發明第5態樣，其中前述可 動内襯在前述殼體内部由彈性體賦與朝前述葉輪側移動之 勢能，且保持在定位。雖然可利用葉輪之旋轉力將異物朝 半徑方向壓之可動内襯可移動’不過藉由前述彈性體可使 異物通過後之可動内襯回復原本狀態。 本發明第7態樣之泵，如本發明第5態樣，其中於前述 保持體之内周之一部份上突出設置1個以上之與前述葉輪 之外周緣部相對的凸構件。利用前述凸構件可將黏附在葉 輪等上之異物除去或粉碎。或者，利用前述凸構件可強制 地使進入葉輪與内襯間之間隙的異物通過排出間隙。 本發明第8態樣之果，如本發明第5態樣，其中於前述 可動内襯之内周之一部份上突出設置“固以上之與前述葉 輪之外周緣部相對的凸構件。利用前述凸構件可將黏附在 葉輪等上之異物除去或粉碎。 本發明第9態樣之泵，如本發明第5態樣，其中於前述 〇内襯之内周之一部伤上’沿著與前述葉輪旋轉方向交 二之方向設置_以上之與前述葉輪之外周緣部相對之槽 ^孔的凹部。利用前述槽或孔可將軸在葉輪等上之異物 :二：。或者，利用前述槽或孔可強制地使進入葉輪 〃 η观間之間隙的異物通過排出間隙。 持體2明第1〇態樣之果，如本發明第5態樣，其中前述保 性變幵讀橡膠體，且可保持前述可動内襯。_體之彈 I形，具有可使可動内襯移動之功能。 固定而形 動:明第U·態樣之栗，如本發明第5態樣，其中前述可 觀疋將被環狀橡膠體分割之多數内襯構件 1325030 成，且可藉由前述環狀橡膠體之彈性變形而移動的内襯。 前述可動内襯本身可彈性變形，使内襯構件與葉輪相對。 本發明第12態樣之泵，如本發明第6態樣，其中前述彈 性體是設在前述保持體或前述可動内襯之彈簧體，且可賦 5 與前述可動内襯勢能。 本發明第13態樣之泵，如本發明第6態樣，其中前述彈 性體是設在前述保持體與前述可動内襯之間之環狀橡膠 體，且可賦與前述可動内襯勢能。 發明效果 10 本發明之泵，係藉著在泵内之内襯環之一部份上設有 凸構件或槽，或者使内襯環可移動，而可將黏附在葉輪與 内襯環之異物除去。結果，含有異物之水遂可滑順地流過 泵内。因此，例如頻繁地將水中栗榜出水面上以除去水中 泵之黏附異物這類維修作業的次數就大幅減少，使泵之運 15 轉時間增加。此外，不但用以除去異物之結構簡單，而且 上游之除塵設備亦可精簡，於是設置於水路上之設備整體 的成本很低。 【實施方式3 用以實施發明之最佳形態 20 以下，依圖式說明本發明之實施形態。第1圖到第24 圖是以各種形態來顯示本發明之泵之結構的部分截面圖。 本實施形態乃是說明作為水中泵運用之泵之範例。水中泵 是設置在水路中，且可強制地使一邊水路之水朝另一邊水 路如箭頭所示流動者，而水中泵一般有橫軸型式和縱軸型 10 1325030 式。水令泵1藉可旋轉葉輪2以產生水流，而該葉輪2之可旋 轉葉片3之前端部3a配置成與設在水中系1之殼體4内壁的 内襯環5相對並近接。葉輪2亦包括葉片在内均稱為葉輪。 内襯環5為硬質材，形成環狀，且固定於殼體4之内壁 5或由其保持成可動狀態。與葉輪2之葉片3之前端部如近接 的間隙X，在不妨礙旋轉之範圍内盡量縮小。例如，1到 2mm。如果該間隙料，泵效率佳，如果該間隙乂大，則泵 效率差。本實施形態將說明橫轴之水中泵。又，本實施形 態是舉適用於閘果之後掠式翼片之範例來說明。另，水中 10系本身之功能、構造已為公知，所以省略其詳細說明。 第25圖、第26圖是顯示習知水中菜之一般結構的部分 截面圖。第26圖是沿第25圖F—F線截取之截面圖。由於藉 由馬達旋轉轴而可旋轉之葉輪50運轉，水路之水可朝箭頭 方向流動（參照第25圖）。葉輪5〇之葉片51之前端部51&， 15與於水中泵之殼體52内壁設成環狀之内襯環53近接，並可 朝箭頭方向旋轉（參照第26圖）。葉輪5〇之葉片51之前端部 51a與内襯環53内面之間，如圖所示具有間隙（縫隙）γ。 該等圖中，係於殼體52上設有内襯環53之結構，不過亦有 很多習知例是殼體内壁直接與葉輪5〇之葉片51之前端部 20 51a相對的結構。 内襯環53與葉片51之前端部51a近接的内面側形成平 滑。第26圖顯示異物54黏附在葉片51之前端部51a而與内襯 %53近接的狀態。該異物54是木材、塑膠、浮游物、各種 產業廢棄物、工廠和家庭排出之垃圾等等。該異物54黏附 11 1325030 在葉片5比前端部5U，且沿著内襯環53内面摩擦並持續旋 轉，無法除去。 葉片51之—部雜_異物54的㈣如果經過長時 間，就會導致_環53將異物54朝葉片51側擠壓，造成葉 5片51損傷，或成為葉片51磨損之原因。尤其係結構為葉輪 與殼體相對時’殼體相較於内襯環，為軟質材，所i損傷 裎度大。此狀態一旦更加惡化，就需要所需以上之栗旋轉 動力，遂造成安全裝置啟動，使泵停止，不過有時此狀態 就會使泵不能旋轉而停止。本發明正可防止這種狀態。 10 (實施形態1) " 第1圖、第2®所示者’係將本發明特徵之凸構件6設在 内襯環5時之範例。第2圖是沿第工圖八—八線截取之截面 圖。凸構件6嵌入固定於内襯環5之一部份。雖未圖示，但 是此嵌入固定方式是螺固、廢入、利用接著劑來接著或炼 15接等。又’直接安裝於内襯環等方法亦可。前述&構件6為 硬質圓柱體，於内襯環5之内側設有嗰或多個。圓柱體之 -部份從内襯環5内面朝内側構成長度不致干擾葉片3之突 出凸46a，用以捕捉異物7。在此，凸構件6雖為圓柱體（管 體）’但疋並不限於圓柱體。 ：〇 ^只要是凸狀者即可，其形狀不拘。當葉輪2朝箭頭方向 旋轉時’黏附在葉輪2之葉片3之前端部如的異物7，將卡到 則述凸構件6上。卡住之異物7會黏附在凸構件6上而自葉片 3上α除，或者藉著旋轉水流使異物7脫離葉月3及内襯環 5 ’並通過泵内。 12 1325030 (實施形態2) 第3圖、第4圖所示者為另/實施形態，係將本發明特 徵之凹部，即槽8設在内襯環9時之範例。第4圖是沿第3圖 B線截取之截面圖。槽8於内襯環9之内面，沿旋轉方向 5設成缺口狀，且橫跨内襯環9之寬向。該缺口部為大致乂字 蜇之缺口形狀，流向之槽面端部為垂直，構成可捕捉並粉 碎黏附在葉片3上之異物7的邊緣。前述槽8於内襯環9上設 有1處或多處。 與前述實施形態同樣地，當葉輪2朝箭頭方向旋轉時， 10黏附在葉輪2之葉片3之前端部3a的異物7將卡到前述槽8 上。卡住之異物7會黏附在槽8且被粉碎而自葉片3上清除， 或者藉著旋轉水流使異物7脫離葉片3及内襯環9’並通過泵 内再自吐出口排出。雖然前述槽8之形狀是於内襯環9上形 成大致V字型之缺口形狀，不過並不限於此形狀。又，前述 15 雖然說明凹部為槽，不過亦可不是槽而是孔。 如此一來，黏附在葉片3之前端部3a之異物7會滑過内 襯環9内周，與葉片3之前端部3a—齊地繞内襯環9内周旋 轉，並受到槽8干擾。受到槽8干擾之異物7會因為第1次之 干擾而粉碎並通過，或被強制地送入葉片3與内襯環9之間 20 的間隙且一氣呵成地通過該間隙成者不碰到該間隙地通過 泵内。又，異物在光靠一次干擾益無法完全粉碎，或即使 被壓入間隙卻無法完全脫離，仍然黏附在葉片3上地繞内襯 環9内周旋轉時，會在受到槽8數次千擾當中，被粉碎或脫 離葉片3與内襯環9之間間隙，或不雄到該間隙地通過系内。 13 (實施形態3) 第5圖、第6圖是又另一實施形態之圖，其顯示使内襯 環可移動時之範例。第6圖是沿第5圖(：：_ C線截取之截面 圖。本實施形態之水中泵是2個殼體之間夾住固定内襯外罩 10作為保持體的結構。内襯環是由該内襯外罩1〇與塊部件 10a加以保持。又，雖未圖示，不過内襯外罩1〇與塊部件工加 是利用螺拴固定於殼體，成為挾持内襯環，使内襯環可移 動之結構，如此遂可輕易組裝内襯環。 該内襯環分割為4個，各自構成可動内襯u。前述可動 内襯11，係由設在固定於殼體側之内襯外罩10上之銷狀的 停止旋轉用構件12保持，俾不致朝旋轉方向移動。停止旋 轉用構件12是螺固於内襯外罩1〇之銷體。於可動内襯u之 一部份上開設孔，再將停止旋轉用構件12之一部份嵌入該 孔，以限制可動内襯U朝葉輪2之旋轉方向移動的情形。 又刀割之可動内襯11係由固定在殼體之内襯外罩1〇與塊 部件10a限制於葉輪2之旋轉軸線方向上。 又，沿著橫切葉輪2之旋轉軸線方向之方向，於可動内 概11上設置構祕差之翼部lla，俾卡止於内襯外ιι〇及塊 部件10a ’如此可防止可動内襯u朝葉輪2側脫離。又，可 動内襯11與内襯外罩1〇之間，於橫切葉輪2之旋轉輛線方向 之方向上具有空隙Z。該空隙z之尺寸可設定直到例如約 l〇mm為止。因此，分割之可動内襯使是分割狀態，仍 可保持在定位上，呈可動狀態，而不會自内襯外罩ι〇脫離。 另一方面’内概外罩10炎著停止旋轉用構件12並於兩 側設有彈簧體13，該彈簧體13與可動内襯n對峙且按壓可 動内襯11。一般水流時，各可動内襯u被保持成以停止旋 轉用構件12為支點在其與内襯外罩1〇之間由翼部支 持，且藉2個彈餐體13之彈力維持均等空隙z。 當異物7被吸入泵内並黏附在葉片3時，如第6圖所示， 如果異物7按壓可動内襯π之—端，可動内襯^便可移動， 抗拒彈簣體13之彈力而朝殼體側，即内襯外罩1〇之半徑方 向之箭頭E方向退避。此移動量如前所述，可移動約。 因此，此時由於葉片3與可動内襯n之間間隙擴大，所以異 物7就會自葉片3脫離。又，即使並沒有脫離，異物7通過時 之間隙，在通過各可動内襯n期間，由於通過彈簧體13邹 份時擴大而通過停止旋轉用構件12部份時則縮小，所以反 覆擴大縮小，異物就會在此期間脫離。 當沒有異物7時呈現一般狀態，並可確保最小間隙。雖 未圖示，不過與前述實施形態同樣地，各可動内襯11在可 動内概1内面上可設置槽或凸構件。此時，不但可擴大間 隙，而且更容易除去異物，泵之通過性變好。 (實施形態4) 第7圖、第8圖是可動内襯結構之另一實施形態，其顯 不設有凸構件時之範例。第8圖是沿第7圖D- D線截取之截 面圖。本例之凸構件14亦是單體形式，與前述情況同樣地， 凸構件14安裝在内襯外罩10之内周部，並固定成不致干蠖 葉片3之狀態。凸構件14與葉片3間之間隙只要在可動内趣 1 之可動範圍内，配合設成例如10mm以下即可。 1325030 此凸構件14設置成相對於可動内襯11，較靠流入側， 所以異物7在被送到可動内襯η之前，可被粉碎成1〇min以 下。已粉碎之異物7在可動内襯:^之作用下，通過泵内。本 實施形態中，在凸構件14與可動内襯11配合之加倍效果 5 下，更易除去異物’並使泵内通過性變好。又，雖未圖示， 不過可動内襯11上亦可設置與前述實施形態同樣之缺口狀 槽或凸構件。該等槽、凸構件之結構、效果與前述形態相 同，所以省略其詳細說明。 (實施形態5) 10 第9圖、第10圖是顯示可動内襯結構之又另一實施形態 的圖。第10圖是沿第9圖E-E線截取之截面圖。本結構係利 用銷16於2個殼體上挾持分割成4個之各可動内襯Μ，呈可 動狀態。可動内襯15可以銷16為中心，朝葉輪2之半徑方向 搖動。銷16固定在殼體側，並嵌入設在可動内襯15上之槽 15孔15a。该槽孔15a為橢圓狀槽孔。可動内襯15藉由該槽孔 15a可相對銷16沿半徑方向朝遠離葉輪2之方向位移。 可動内襯15在與槽孔15a相反之側的另一端設有止動 器17，呈現卡止於分割之其他可動内襯15之槽孔i5a之肩部 15b的狀態。又’在橫跨該等4個同樣結構之可動内概邱 2〇周。P王掛上拉伸線圈彈簧18。因此，4個可動内襯15不 會朝外周側打開，且也被限制於止動器17而不會朝内周側 突出，可保持定位，並被賦與朝葉輪旋轉抽方向移動之勢 能0 第11圖是顯示異物7黏附在葉片3上之狀態的圖。由於 16 異物7 ’可動内襯15抗拒線圈彈簧18賦與之勢能而使外周隆 起。可動内襯15藉由槽孔15a可由銷16引導朝外周半徑方向 移動，擴大與葉片3間之間隙。當異物7到達可動内襯15具 有止動器17之端部時，間隙變成最大’於是可除去異物7。 月）述中說明銷16設置在殼體，但是亦可與前述實施形態同 樣地設在保持體。又，亦可將殼體與保持體視為一體。 (實施形態6) 第12圖、第13圖所示者為實施形態1之變形例的部份截 面圖。凸構件6於内襯環之内周部多處設置1個以上之情形 10與前述一樣，不過特徵在於凸構件6設有傾斜角。即，第12 圖中，沿水流流向，使凸構件6與葉片3之前端部如相對之 面部6b具有朝葉片3侧突出的預定角度傾斜面。隨著葉輪2 旋轉，葉片3之前端部如會相對於傾斜面，相位偏移地相對 地移動。 15 異物7黏附在葉片3時之前端部3a沿傾斜面移動，因此 逐漸地與傾斜面間之間隙縮小，成為擠壓異物7之狀態。在 此狀態時，-旦異物7到達傾斜面之端部，就會被戴斷變成 切斷狀態。又，即使沒被截斷，還是可確實地將異物7朝流 向推去。當該異物7如為f特瓶或果汁空瓶等時，可有效地 2〇處理。第I3圖中，凸構件6之面部&是朝葉輪2旋轉方向傾 斜預定角度之傾斜面。異物會被推向旋轉方向，且在面部 6c之端部被切斷。 (實施形態7) 第14〜16圖所示者為實施形態3之變形例的部份截面 17 圖。第15®是沿第14_g 顯示異物黏附在葉片上之狀離，載面圖，第16圖則是 外罩之内周配置。該環分割為4個，沿内概 2〇,可相互地移動1 J °、之各内襯環構成可動内襯 可動内襯20，係由固定於内襯外罩 内補20t U騎，呈無法旋轉狀態。X，相鄰之可動 内襯20彼此可藉彈簧體η相互拉近。 動 可動内襯20之端部具有傾斜部施，可與相鄰之可 動内襯2G疊合。彈簧體如-邊之可動_2Q支持，且藉 10[Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. - Fixed effects, but there are problems with high equipment costs and the need to ensure that the upstream material has room to set up the equipment. Dust removal equipment cannot be completely removed by the dust removal equipment, and the dust and the like which pass through the dust removal setting and the water path between the dust and the pump will be sucked into the pump. Therefore, in order to improve the permeability of the grout, it is in the past to increase the gap between the impeller and the lining. However, this has become a significant reason for reducing the rate of exchange. When you can't remove the foreign matter stuck to the impeller of the fruit, you can't get the foreign body and other repairs. In addition, the use of two units = to eliminate the blockage by the backwashing flow is applied to a water pump such as a manhole pump, but the time for eliminating the blockage can be shortened, but the system is complicated and costly. 1325030 In addition, the method of arranging grooves on the casing to remove foreign matter will also weaken the structure of the casing, contribute to wear, and may cause malfunctions that greatly impair the pump function and even cause the pump itself to be replaced. The present invention has been made in view of the above technical background, and the following five objects can be achieved. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a pump which does not increase the gap between the impeller and the lining, does not reduce the pump efficiency, and allows the foreign matter to pass smoothly. Another object of the present invention is to provide a pump which can remove foreign matter by pulverizing or forcibly removing foreign matter adhered to the impeller, and allowing foreign matter to smoothly pass through the pump 10. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a structure capable of streamlining a dust removing device and the like, making the waterway system as a low-cost and easy-to-maintain structure. Means for Solving the Problem A pump according to a first aspect of the present invention is an impeller provided in a water passage and capable of discharging water sucked from a 15 inflow side, wherein the pump includes: a lining Opposite to the impeller, and disposed inside the casing of the pump; and a foreign matter trapping body disposed on the inner circumference of the lining, and capable of catching foreign matter that is inhaled together with water, and passing the foreign matter through the pump Insider. The foreign matter trapping body can remove or pulverize the foreign matter entering the gap between the impeller and the inner liner. According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the foreign matter trapping body is one or more convex members, and the convex member is opposed to a peripheral edge portion of the impeller and protruded from the lining. One part of the inner week. The foreign matter adhered to the impeller or the like can be removed or pulverized by the above-mentioned convex member. Alternatively, the foreign member entering the gap between the impeller and the inner liner can be forcibly passed through the discharge gap by the aforementioned convex member. According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the foreign matter trapping body is one or more recessed portions, and the recessed portion is opposite to a peripheral edge portion of the impeller, and is in the front portion (four) The grooves are arranged in a groove or hole along the direction of the direction of the impeller (four) X. The foreign matter adhered to the impeller or the like can be removed or pulverized by the aforementioned grooves or holes. Alternatively, the grooves or holes may be forced to pass the foreign matter between the impeller and the liner through the discharge gap. : It is described that the inner peripheral portion of the inner liner is provided with one or more of the above-mentioned convex members and the structure of "solid = upper = phase portion is more effective. Two different foreign matter trapping bodies are provided" to further improve the removal effect. The spring of the fourth aspect, as in the part of the present invention, moves along the previously captured foreign matter = fruit. ', the inclined surface is slowly crushed and cut off the foreign matter, which is very effective in the fifth aspect of the invention. Chestnut, the impeller that sucks out the water in the side of the side, the characteristics of the two-two = from the ^ cut into a plurality of each can be along the radius of the impeller ^ = inside the body 'front fan can be inside the body, to maintain the aforementioned Movable _, so that if the foreign matter of the wheel is adhered to the front end of the impeller, the leaf rotation force will press the foreign object toward the radial direction. ", large, so the foreign matter can be peeled off. It is very effective to improve the rate of increase by: = moveable. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fifth aspect of the invention, the movable lining is provided with a potential energy which is moved toward the impeller side by the elastic body inside the casing, and is maintained in position. Although the movable lining of the foreign matter can be moved in the radial direction by the rotational force of the impeller, the movable lining can be moved back to the original state by the elastic body. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the pump of the seventh aspect of the present invention, the one or more convex members opposed to the outer peripheral edge portion of the impeller are protruded from one of the inner circumferences of the holding body. The foreign matter adhered to the impeller or the like can be removed or pulverized by the above-mentioned convex member. Alternatively, the foreign member entering the gap between the impeller and the inner liner can be forcibly passed through the discharge gap by the aforementioned convex member. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in a fifth aspect of the present invention, a convex member that is opposite to a peripheral edge portion of the impeller is protruded from a portion of an inner circumference of the movable lining. The convex member can remove or pulverize the foreign matter adhered to the impeller or the like. The pump according to the ninth aspect of the present invention, according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, wherein the inner circumference of the inner liner of the inner liner is wounded a concave portion corresponding to the groove of the outer peripheral portion of the impeller is disposed in a direction intersecting with the direction of rotation of the impeller. The foreign matter on the impeller or the like may be used by the groove or the hole: or The groove or the hole can forcibly pass the foreign matter entering the gap between the impellers through the discharge gap. The holding body 2 has the result of the first aspect, as in the fifth aspect of the invention, wherein the above-mentioned protective variable reading rubber body And retaining the movable lining. The body of the body I shape has a function of moving the movable lining. Fixing and moving: the chest of the U-shaped aspect, according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, wherein the foregoing Obviously, most of the lining members 1325030 to be divided by the annular rubber body The lining which can be moved by the elastic deformation of the annular rubber body. The movable lining itself can be elastically deformed to face the lining member and the impeller. The pump according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, as in the present invention In the sixth aspect, the elastic body is a spring body provided in the holding body or the movable lining, and is capable of imparting 5 and the movable lining potential energy. The pump according to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, according to the sixth aspect of the present invention The elastic body is an annular rubber body provided between the holding body and the movable inner lining, and can be provided with the movable lining potential energy. Effect of the invention 10 The pump of the present invention is used in the pump One part of the lining ring is provided with a convex member or a groove, or the inner lining ring is movable, and the foreign matter adhered to the impeller and the inner lining ring can be removed. As a result, the water raft containing the foreign matter can flow smoothly through the pump. Therefore, for example, the number of maintenance operations such as frequently removing the water from the water to remove the foreign matter adhering to the pump in the water is greatly reduced, and the pump operation time is increased by 15 revolutions. In addition, the structure for removing foreign matter is simple. And upstream The dust equipment can also be simplified, so that the overall cost of the equipment installed on the waterway is low. [Embodiment 3 Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention 20 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 to Fig. 24 The figure is a partial cross-sectional view showing the structure of the pump of the present invention in various forms. This embodiment is an example of a pump that is used as a submersible pump. The submersible pump is disposed in the waterway and can forcibly make water on one side of the waterway. The waterway on the other side flows as indicated by the arrow, while the water pump generally has a horizontal axis type and a vertical axis type 10 1325030. The water pump 1 can rotate the impeller 2 to generate a water flow, and the rotatable blade 3 of the impeller 2 The front end portion 3a is disposed to face and is adjacent to the inner liner ring 5 provided on the inner wall of the casing 4 of the water system 1. The impeller 2 is also referred to as an impeller including the blades. The inner liner ring 5 is a hard material and is formed into a ring shape, and It is fixed to the inner wall 5 of the casing 4 or held in a movable state by it. The gap X which is close to the front end of the blade 3 of the impeller 2 is as small as possible within a range which does not hinder the rotation. For example, 1 to 2 mm. If the gap material is used, the pump efficiency is good, and if the gap is large, the pump efficiency is poor. In this embodiment, a water pump on the horizontal axis will be described. Further, the present embodiment is described by way of an example applicable to the slash-back flap. Further, the functions and structures of the water system itself are well known, and thus detailed description thereof will be omitted. Fig. 25 and Fig. 26 are partial cross-sectional views showing the general structure of a conventional water dish. Figure 26 is a cross-sectional view taken along line F-F of Figure 25. Since the rotatable impeller 50 is operated by the motor rotating shaft, the water of the water passage can flow in the direction of the arrow (refer to Fig. 25). The front end portion 51&, 15 of the blade 51 of the impeller 5 is in close contact with the inner liner ring 53 which is formed in an annular shape on the inner wall of the casing 52 of the underwater pump, and is rotatable in the direction of the arrow (refer to Fig. 26). Between the front end portion 51a of the blade 51 of the impeller 5 and the inner surface of the inner liner ring 53, there is a gap (gap) γ as shown. In the figures, the structure of the inner liner ring 53 is provided on the casing 52. However, many conventional examples are such that the inner wall of the casing directly faces the front end portion 20 51a of the blade 51 of the impeller 5〇. The inner liner ring 53 is formed to be smooth with the inner surface side of the blade 51 which is adjacent to the front end portion 51a. Fig. 26 shows a state in which the foreign matter 54 adheres to the front end portion 51a of the blade 51 and is in close contact with the lining %53. The foreign matter 54 is wood, plastic, floats, various industrial wastes, garbage discharged from factories and households, and the like. The foreign matter 54 adheres to the blade 13 5 at the tip end portion 5U, and rubs along the inner surface of the inner liner ring 53 and continues to rotate, so that the blade 5 cannot be removed. If the blade (51) of the blade 51 is a part of the foreign matter 54, the _ring 53 causes the foreign matter 54 to be pressed toward the blade 51 side, causing damage to the blade 51 or causing the blade 51 to wear. In particular, when the impeller is opposed to the casing, the casing is softer than the inner liner ring, and the damage is large. Once this state is worsened, more than the required pumping power is required, causing the safety device to start and stopping the pump, but sometimes this state will cause the pump to stop and stop. The present invention is preventing this state. (Embodiment 1) " Figures 1 and 2® are examples in which the convex member 6 of the present invention is provided in the inner liner 5. Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the eighth to eighth lines of the drawing. The male member 6 is embedded and fixed to a portion of the inner liner 5. Although not shown, the method of inserting and fixing is screwing, scrapping, using an adhesive, or splicing. Also, it can be directly attached to the inner liner or the like. The aforementioned & member 6 is a rigid cylinder, and is provided with a plurality of turns on the inner side of the inner liner 5. The portion of the cylinder is formed from the inner surface of the inner liner ring 5 toward the inner side so as not to interfere with the projections 46a of the vane 3 for catching the foreign matter 7. Here, the convex member 6 is a cylinder (tube), but the crucible is not limited to a cylinder. :〇 ^ As long as it is convex, its shape is not limited. When the impeller 2 is rotated in the direction of the arrow, the foreign matter 7, which adheres to the end portion of the blade 3 of the impeller 2, is caught on the convex member 6. The jammed foreign matter 7 adheres to the male member 6 and is removed from the blade 3 by α, or the foreign matter 7 is released from the blade 3 and the inner liner 5' by the rotating water flow and passes through the pump. 12 1325030 (Embodiment 2) The third embodiment and the fourth embodiment show another embodiment, and the concave portion of the present invention, that is, the groove 8 is provided as an example of the inner ring 9 . Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B of Fig. 3. The groove 8 is formed on the inner surface of the inner liner 9 in a notch shape in the direction of rotation 5 and spans the width of the inner liner ring 9. The notch portion has a substantially notched shape, and the end portion of the groove surface is perpendicular to the edge of the foreign matter 7 which can be caught and pulverized and adhered to the blade 3. The aforementioned groove 8 is provided at one or more places on the inner liner 9. Similarly to the above-described embodiment, when the impeller 2 is rotated in the direction of the arrow, the foreign matter 7 adhering to the front end portion 3a of the blade 3 of the impeller 2 is caught on the groove 8. The jammed foreign matter 7 adheres to the groove 8 and is pulverized and removed from the blade 3, or the foreign matter 7 is detached from the blade 3 and the inner liner ring 9' by the swirling water flow and discharged from the pump through the discharge port. Although the shape of the groove 8 is formed into a substantially V-shaped notch shape on the inner liner 9, it is not limited to this shape. Further, although the above description has been made into a description that the concave portion is a groove, it may not be a groove but a hole. As a result, the foreign matter 7 adhering to the front end portion 3a of the blade 3 slides over the inner circumference of the inner liner ring 9, and rotates around the inner circumference of the inner liner ring 9 in line with the front end portion 3a of the blade 3, and is disturbed by the groove 8. The foreign matter 7 interfered by the groove 8 may be pulverized and passed by the first disturbance, or forcedly fed into the gap between the blade 3 and the inner liner 9 and passed through the gap without encountering the gap. Ground through the pump. Moreover, the foreign matter cannot be completely pulverized by the interference of the light once, or can not be completely detached even if pressed into the gap, and still adheres to the inner circumference of the inner liner ring 9 while being adhered to the blade 3, and is disturbed several times by the groove 8. Among them, it is pulverized or detached from the gap between the blade 3 and the inner liner 9, or does not pass through the inside of the gap. (Embodiment 3) Figs. 5 and 6 are views showing still another embodiment, showing an example in which the inner ring is movable. Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 5 (:: _ C. The underwater pump of the present embodiment is a structure in which a fixed lining outer cover 10 is sandwiched between two casings as a holding body. The lining outer cover 1〇 is held by the block member 10a. Although not shown, the lining outer cover 1〇 and the block member are fixed to the casing by screws, and the inner lining ring is held to make the inner lining ring The movable structure can easily assemble the inner lining ring. The inner lining ring is divided into four, each of which constitutes a movable lining u. The movable lining 11 is provided by a lining outer cover 10 which is fixed on the side of the casing. The pin-shaped stop rotation member 12 is held so as not to move in the rotational direction. The stop rotation member 12 is screwed to the pin body of the inner liner 1 。. A hole is formed in one of the movable linings u. Then, a part of the member 12 for stopping rotation is inserted into the hole to restrict the movement of the movable lining U toward the rotation direction of the impeller 2. The movable lining 11 of the knife cutting is fixed by the lining cover 1 of the casing. The weir and block member 10a is limited to the direction of the axis of rotation of the impeller 2. Again, along the cross-cutting impeller 2 In the direction of the direction of the rotation axis, the wing portion 11a having the secret difference is disposed on the movable inner portion 11 so as to be locked to the outer lining and the block member 10a' so as to prevent the movable lining u from being detached toward the impeller 2 side. Between the movable lining 11 and the lining outer cover 1 具有, there is a gap Z in a direction transverse to the direction of the rotation of the impeller 2. The size of the gap z can be set up to, for example, about 1 〇 mm. The movable lining is in a divided state, and can still be maintained in the positioning state, and is in a movable state without being detached from the lining cover. On the other hand, the inner cover 10 is ignited to stop the rotating member 12 and is disposed on both sides. There is a spring body 13 that faces the movable lining n and presses the movable lining 11. Generally, when the water flows, the movable linings u are held to stop the rotating member 12 as a fulcrum in the lining cover 1 Between the wings, the elastic force is maintained by the elastic force of the two elastic objects 13. When the foreign matter 7 is sucked into the pump and adhered to the blade 3, as shown in Fig. 6, if the foreign matter 7 presses the movable lining Π-end, movable lining ^ can move, resist the bullet of the corpus callosum 13 On the other hand, the direction of the arrow E in the radial direction of the lining outer cover 1 退 is retracted. The amount of movement can be moved as described above. Therefore, at this time, since the gap between the blade 3 and the movable lining n is enlarged, Therefore, the foreign matter 7 is detached from the blade 3. Further, even if it is not detached, the gap of the foreign matter 7 passes through, and during the passage of the movable lining n, the member 12 is stopped by the expansion of the spring body 13 When the number of parts is reduced, the size is reduced and the foreign matter is detached during this period. When there is no foreign matter 7, the general state is present, and the minimum gap can be secured. Although not shown, the movable lining is the same as in the above embodiment. 11 A groove or a convex member can be provided on the inner surface of the movable inner body 1. At this time, not only the gap can be enlarged, but also the foreign matter can be removed more easily, and the passability of the pump is improved. (Embodiment 4) Figs. 7 and 8 show another embodiment of a movable lining structure, and an example in which a convex member is not provided. Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of Fig. 7. The convex member 14 of this example is also of a single form, and as in the case described above, the male member 14 is attached to the inner peripheral portion of the inner liner cover 10 and fixed so as not to dry the blade 3. The gap between the convex member 14 and the blade 3 may be set to, for example, 10 mm or less in the movable range of the movable interior 1 . 1325030 This convex member 14 is disposed to be closer to the inflow side with respect to the movable lining 11, so that the foreign matter 7 can be pulverized to 1 〇min or less before being sent to the movable lining η. The pulverized foreign matter 7 passes through the pump under the action of the movable lining: ^. In the present embodiment, in the double effect 5 in which the male member 14 and the movable lining 11 are engaged, the foreign matter is more easily removed and the passability in the pump is improved. Further, although not shown, the movable lining 11 may be provided with a notch-like groove or a convex member similar to that of the above embodiment. The structure and effect of the grooves and the convex members are the same as those of the above-described embodiments, and thus detailed description thereof will be omitted. (Embodiment 5) 10 Fig. 9 and Fig. 10 are views showing still another embodiment of the movable lining structure. Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of Fig. 9. In the present configuration, the movable linings are divided into four movable linings by means of the pins 16 on the two casings, and are in a movable state. The movable lining 15 can be centered on the pin 16 and rocked in the radial direction of the impeller 2. The pin 16 is fixed to the casing side and fitted into the groove 15 hole 15a provided in the movable lining 15. The slot 15a is an elliptical slot. The movable lining 15 is displaceable in the radial direction away from the impeller 2 with respect to the pin 16 by the slot 15a. The movable lining 15 is provided with a stopper 17 at the other end opposite to the slot 15a, and is in a state of being locked to the shoulder portion 15b of the slot i5a of the other movable lining 15 which is divided. In addition, it is within two weeks of the movement of the four identical structures. P king hangs the tension coil spring 18. Therefore, the four movable linings 15 are not opened toward the outer peripheral side, and are also restricted to the stopper 17 without protruding toward the inner peripheral side, and can be positioned and imparted with potential energy for moving toward the impeller. Fig. 11 is a view showing a state in which the foreign matter 7 adheres to the blade 3. The peripheral ridge is raised by the 16 foreign matter 7' movable lining 15 resisting the potential energy imparted by the coil spring 18. The movable lining 15 is guided by the pin 16 by the slot 16a to move toward the outer peripheral radial direction to enlarge the gap with the blade 3. When the foreign matter 7 reaches the end portion of the movable lining 15 having the stopper 17, the gap becomes maximum', and the foreign matter 7 can be removed. Although the pin 16 is provided in the casing, it may be provided in the holding body in the same manner as the above embodiment. Moreover, the casing and the holding body can also be regarded as one body. (Embodiment 6) A cross-sectional view showing a modification of the first embodiment is shown in Figs. 12 and 13 . The case where the convex member 6 is provided at one or more places in the inner peripheral portion of the inner liner ring is the same as described above, except that the convex member 6 is provided with an inclination angle. That is, in Fig. 12, in the flow direction of the water flow, the convex member 6 and the front end portion of the blade 3, as opposed to the face portion 6b, have a predetermined angle inclined surface which protrudes toward the blade 3 side. As the impeller 2 rotates, the front end of the blade 3 moves relative to the inclined surface with respect to the inclined surface. When the foreign matter 7 adheres to the blade 3, the end portion 3a moves along the inclined surface, so that the gap between the inclined surface and the inclined surface gradually decreases, and the foreign matter 7 is squeezed. In this state, when the foreign matter 7 reaches the end of the inclined surface, it is broken into a cut state. Moreover, even if it is not cut off, the foreign matter 7 can be surely pushed toward the flow. When the foreign matter 7 is, for example, a special bottle or a juice empty bottle, it can be effectively treated. In Fig. I3, the face & of the convex member 6 is an inclined surface which is inclined by a predetermined angle toward the direction of rotation of the impeller 2. The foreign matter is pushed in the direction of rotation and is cut at the end of the face 6c. (Embodiment 7) Figs. 14 to 16 are partial cross-sectional views of a modification of the third embodiment. The 15th is the case where the foreign matter adheres to the blade along the 14th_g, the carrier map, and the 16th is the inner circumference of the cover. The ring is divided into four, and the inner ring is 2 〇, which can move 1 J ° to each other, and each inner lining ring constitutes a movable lining movable lining 20, which is fixed by the inner lining cover to supplement 20 t U riding, which is impossible Rotating state. X, the adjacent movable linings 20 can be brought closer to each other by the spring body η. The end of the movable lining 20 has an inclined portion that can be overlapped with the adjacent movable lining 2G. The spring body is supported by the side of the movable _2Q, and borrows 10
由螺检23而由另—邊之可動内油保持。該彈簧體22為壓 縮線圈彈簧’因此—般«彈簧體22賦與之勢能而呈現相 互拉近之狀態。It is held by the screw 23 and by the movable oil of the other side. The spring body 22 is a compression coil spring 'and thus the spring body 22 is brought into a state of being brought close to each other by the potential energy.
螺栓23插通2個可動内襯2〇之間，且端部由螺帽24固 定，而可在與另-可動内襯2〇之間移動。彈菁體22被夹在 #亥螺栓23之另一端與可動内襯2〇之端部之間。該彈簀體u 15為壓縮彈簧，被賦與經常朝外方移動之勢能，可將可動内 襯20相互拉近。該彈簧體22之賦與勢能，可透過設在螺栓 23端部之螺帽24之螺緊程度來調整。當異物7點附到葉片3 上時，如第16圖所示可動内襯2〇會抗拒彈簧體22之賦與 勢能而朝内襯外罩19側靠近。此時’疊合之傾斜部2〇a就會 20 分離。結果，葉片3與可動内襯20間之間隙擴大，於是可除 去異物7。 (實施形態8) 第17~20圖所示者亦為實施形態3之變形例的部份截面 圖。第18圖是沿第17圖Η- Η線截取之截面圖，第19圖是沿 18 1325030 第17圖I-I線截取之截面圖。本實施形態亦與前述同樣地， 内襯環為分割之可動内襯25。該等可動内襯25形成臂狀， 且本實施形態中有8個。各可動内襯25，係由沿水流方向設 置且嵌入内襯外罩28之支持轴26支持，而可朝半徑方向搖 5 動。 又，該等可動内襯25上設有孔25a，且彈簧體27插通孔 25a ^彈簧體27設有2個，是由固定在内襯外罩28之螺絲體 29支持，可與相對之另一可動内襯25抵接，賦與其朝葉片3 側移動之勢能。可動内襯25之端部為傾斜面25b，可形成相 1〇互疊合之形狀。因此，通常，可動内襯25呈現利用彈簧體 27之賦與勢能而使傾斜面25b相互抵接之狀態。 又，可動内襯25受到傾斜面25b限制的同時，亦由於段 差部25C卡住而被限制’於是確保與葉片3之前端部3a間之 間隙S。第2〇圖顯示異物7黏附之狀態。當異物7黏附到葉片 3與可動内襯25間時，可動内襯會搖動，抗拒彈簧體π之 勢自t而朝内襯外罩28側靠近。此時，疊合之傾斜面 广、會刀綠藉此’葉片3之前端部3a與可動内襯25間之間隙 擴大，所以可除去異物7。 (實施形態9) 第21〜2 4圖所示者亦為實施形態3之變形例的部份截面 S第22圖是沿第21圖K-K線截取之截面圖，第24圖是沿 第23圖L- L線截取之截面圖。本實施形態中之彈性體為設 成?衣狀之合成橡膠體30。第21圖、23圖所示者為其中-例， 顯τ異物7黏附之狀態。内襯環亦與前述同樣地，為分割之 19 可動内襯該等可動内襯31之形態，係端部具有傾斜面 31a而使可動内襯31呈現相互疊合之狀態。 可動内襯31與内襯外罩32之間，設有彈性體之合成橡 膠體30。合成橡膠體30為中空環體，内部設有空間部3加。 空間部30a設有壁狀支持部30b，支持部3〇1}可連結支持外側 之合成橡膠體與内側之合成橡膠體。因為支持部3%可撓可 動，故可賦與合成橡膠體30柔軟性。雖未圖示，不過可動 内襯31是藉螺栓安裝於合成橡膠體3〇。 又，内襯外罩32設有止轉突起物32a。該等止轉突起物 32a插入合成橡膠體30之空間部3〇3内，且挾持支持部卯匕。 藉此，合成橡膠體30無法旋轉，又，可動内襯31亦由螺栓 栓緊而無法旋轉，並且兩者相互疊合，限制可動内襯31不 致朝葉片3側突出。此外，可動内襯31被翼部311)限制於内 襯外罩32,且内襯外罩32亦被翼部32b限制於殼體。第21圖 顯示顯示有異物7黏附之狀態，可動内襯31會抗拒合成橡膠 體30之彈力而朝内襯外罩32側靠近。疊合之傾斜面31a就會 分離，且相鄰之可動内襯31相對地分離，使得與葉片3之前 端部3a之間間隙擴大，因此與前述同樣地可除去異物7。 第23圖、第24圖是本實施形態之變形例，其基本形態 與前述結構無異，不同點在於在合成橡膠體3〇之外側，即 靠近内襯外罩32處嵌入有多個止轉突起物32ce當有異物黏 附時’與前述同樣地，可動内襯會朝半徑方向外側靠近， 使得與葉片3之間間隙擴大，因此可除去異物。 以上’說明前述合成橡膠體30是與内襯外罩32及可動 1325030 内襯31分開獨立之構件。不過雖未圖示，但是還有其他形 態，合成橡膠體30亦可是與内襯外罩32 —體形成之橡膠 體。如此，零件減少，結構變得簡單*成本可降低。此外， 合成橡膠體亦可與作為可動内襯之零件一體形成。此時， 5 將如金屬體之分割之多數内襯構件安裝於合成橡膠體，作 為與葉片3之前端部3a相對者，該等内襯構件亦可利用與前 述可動内襯同樣之處理來形成。當有異物黏附時，異物將 會卡在内襯構件，並藉由合成橡膠體之彈性變形，使得内 襯構件與葉片之間間隙擴大，因此可除去異物。 10 以上，包括其他實施形態在内均詳細說明本發明，不 過本發明當然並不限於前述實施形態。例如，前述說明内 襯環分割為4個可動内襯之結構，不過並不限於4個。如前 所述，可動内襯亦可與其他構件一體形成。除可動内襯以 外，其餘構件亦同樣地並不限於前述實施形態。 15 又，本發明當然亦適用於縱型水中泵。此外，因為可 動内襯可移動，所以亦可設計成可檢測内襯之動作。又， 實施形態說明本發明適用於水中泵，但是當然亦可適用於 水中泵以外之泵形態。 【圖式簡單說明3 20 第1圖為實施形態1，顯示於内襯環設置凸構件之水中 泵結構的部份截面圖。 第2圖是沿第1圖A-A線截取之截面圖。 第3圖為實施形態2，顯示於内襯環設置槽之水中泵結 構的部份截面圖。 21 1325030 第4圖是沿第3圖B-B線截取之截面圖。 第5圖為實施形態3，顯示將内襯環分割使之成為可動 狀態之水中泵結構的部份截面圖。 第6圖是沿第5圖C-C線截取之截面圖。 5 第7圖為實施形態4，顯示將内襯環分割使之成為可動 狀態且設有凸構件時之水中泵結構的部份截面圖。 第8圖是沿第7圖D-D線截取之截面圖。 第9圖為實施形態5，顯示將内襯環分割使之成為可動 狀態之水中泵結構另一實施形態的部份截面圖。 10 第10圖是沿第9圖E-E線截取之截面圖。 第11圖是顯示第10圖中異物黏附在葉片上之狀態的部 份截面圖。 第12圖為實施形態6，顯示於内襯環上沿水流方向具有 傾斜面，並設有凸構件之水中泵結構的部份截面圖。 15 第13圖為實施形態6，顯示於内襯環上沿葉輪旋轉方向 具有傾斜面，並設有凸構件之水中泵結構的部份截面圖。 第14圖為實施形態7，顯示將内襯環分割並藉彈簧使之 成為可動狀態之水中泉結構的部份截面圖。 第15圖是沿第14圖G-G線截取之截面圖。 20 第16圖是顯示第15圖中有異物黏附之狀態的部份截面 圖。 第17圖為實施形態8，顯示將内襯環分割並藉彈簧使之 成為可動狀態之水中泵另一結構的部份截面圖。 第18圖是沿第17圖Η-Η線截取之截面圖。 22 1325030 第19圖是沿第17圖I-I線截取之截面圖。 第20圖顯示第17圖中有異物黏附之狀態的部份截面 圖。 第21圖為實施形態9，顯示將内襯環分割並藉合成橡膠 5 體使之成為可動狀態之水中泵結構的部份截面圖。 第22圖是沿第21圖K-K線截取之截面圖。 第23圖為實施形態9，顯示將内襯環分割並藉合成橡膠 體使之成為可動狀態之水中泵另一結構的部份截面圖。 第24圖是沿第23圖L-L線截取之截面圖。 10 第25圖是顯示習知水中泵結構的部分截面圖。 第26圖是沿第25圖F-F線截取之截面圖。 【圖式之主要元件代表符號表】 1…水中泵 10a…塊部件 2,50...葉輪 11,15,20,25,31…可動内襯 3,51.·.葉片 lla，31b，32b...翼部 3a,51a...前端部 12...停止旋轉用構件 4,52…殼體 13,22,27...彈簧體 5,9,53...内襯環 15a...槽孔 6,14…凸構件 15b...肩部 6a...突出凸部 16...銷 6b,6c...面部 17...止動器 7,54...異物 18...拉伸線圈彈簧 8…槽 20a...傾斜部 10，19,28,32...内襯外罩 21…止轉螺栓 23 1325030 23.. .螺栓 24.. .螺帽 25a…孔 25b，31a...傾斜面 25c…段差部 26.. .支持軸 29.. .螺絲體 30.. .合成橡膠體 30a...空間部 30b...支持部 32a，32c...止轉突起物 S，X，Y...間隙 Z...空隙The bolt 23 is inserted between the two movable linings 2 ,, and the end portion is fixed by the nut 24 to be movable between the other and the movable lining 2 。. The elastic body 22 is sandwiched between the other end of the #海螺栓23 and the end of the movable lining 2〇. The magazine body u 15 is a compression spring that is imparted with potential energy that often moves outward, and the movable lining 20 can be brought closer to each other. The potential energy imparted by the spring body 22 can be adjusted by the degree of screwing of the nut 24 provided at the end of the bolt 23. When the foreign matter is attached to the blade 3 at 7 o'clock, as shown in Fig. 16, the movable lining 2 〇 resists the potential energy of the spring body 22 toward the side of the lining cover 19 side. At this time, the overlapping inclined portions 2〇a are separated by 20. As a result, the gap between the blade 3 and the movable lining 20 is enlarged, so that the foreign matter 7 can be removed. (Embodiment 8) A cross-sectional view of a modification of the third embodiment is also shown in Figs. Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along line Η-Η of Figure 17, and Figure 19 is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I of Figure 17 of 18 1325030. Also in the present embodiment, as in the above, the inner liner ring is a divided movable lining 25. The movable linings 25 are formed in an arm shape, and there are eight in the present embodiment. Each of the movable linings 25 is supported by a support shaft 26 which is disposed in the direction of the water flow and fitted into the lining cover 28, and is rockable in the radial direction. Moreover, the movable lining 25 is provided with a hole 25a, and the spring body 27 is inserted through the hole 25a. The spring body 27 is provided with two, which are supported by the screw body 29 fixed to the inner lining cover 28, and can be oppositely opposed. A movable lining 25 abuts against the potential energy moving toward the blade 3 side. The end portion of the movable lining 25 is an inclined surface 25b, and can form a shape in which the phases overlap each other. Therefore, in general, the movable lining 25 assumes a state in which the inclined faces 25b abut each other by the potential energy imparted by the spring body 27. Further, the movable lining 25 is restricted by the inclined surface 25b, and is also restrained by the stepped portion 25C being stuck. Thus, the gap S between the front end portion 3a of the blade 3 and the blade 3 is secured. The second figure shows the state in which the foreign matter 7 adheres. When the foreign matter 7 adheres between the blade 3 and the movable lining 25, the movable lining is shaken to resist the spring body π from the side toward the lining cover 28 side. At this time, the overlapping inclined surface is wide and the green blade is formed, whereby the gap between the front end portion 3a of the blade 3 and the movable lining 25 is enlarged, so that the foreign matter 7 can be removed. (Embodiment 9) A part of the cross section S of the modification of the third embodiment shown in Figs. 21 to 24 is a cross-sectional view taken along line KK of Fig. 21, and Fig. 24 is a view along line 23. A cross-sectional view of the L-L line interception. The elastomer in the present embodiment is a synthetic rubber body 30 which is formed into a garment shape. In the case of Figs. 21 and 23, the state in which the foreign matter 7 adheres is shown. Similarly to the above, the inner liner is in the form of a movable lining of the movable linings, and the end portions have inclined surfaces 31a to bring the movable linings 31 into a state of being superposed on each other. Between the movable lining 31 and the inner lining cover 32, an elastomeric synthetic rubber body 30 is provided. The synthetic rubber body 30 is a hollow ring body, and a space portion 3 is provided inside. The space portion 30a is provided with a wall-shaped support portion 30b, and the support portion 3〇1} can connect the synthetic rubber body supporting the outer side and the synthetic rubber body on the inner side. Since the support portion is 3% flexible, the synthetic rubber body 30 can be imparted with flexibility. Although not shown, the movable lining 31 is attached to the synthetic rubber body 3 by bolts. Further, the inner liner cover 32 is provided with a rotation preventing projection 32a. The rotation preventing projections 32a are inserted into the space portion 3〇3 of the synthetic rubber body 30, and the support portion 挟 is held. Thereby, the synthetic rubber body 30 cannot be rotated, and the movable lining 31 is also bolted and cannot be rotated, and the two are superposed on each other, and the movable lining 31 is restricted from protruding toward the blade 3 side. Further, the movable lining 31 is restrained by the wing portion 311) to the lining outer cover 32, and the inner lining outer cover 32 is also restrained by the wing portion 32b to the casing. Fig. 21 shows a state in which the foreign matter 7 adheres, and the movable lining 31 resists the elastic force of the synthetic rubber body 30 and approaches toward the side of the lining cover 32. The overlapping inclined faces 31a are separated, and the adjacent movable linings 31 are relatively separated, so that the gap between the adjacent end portions 3a of the blades 3 is enlarged, so that the foreign matter 7 can be removed in the same manner as described above. Figs. 23 and 24 show a modification of the embodiment, and the basic form is the same as the above-described structure, except that a plurality of rotation preventing projections are fitted on the outer side of the synthetic rubber body 3, i.e., near the inner liner cover 32. When the foreign matter adheres to the object 32ce, the movable lining approaches the outer side in the radial direction in the same manner as described above, so that the gap with the blade 3 is enlarged, so that the foreign matter can be removed. The above description shows that the above-mentioned synthetic rubber body 30 is a member separate from the inner liner 32 and the movable 1325030 inner liner 31. However, although not shown, there are other forms, and the synthetic rubber body 30 may be a rubber body integrally formed with the inner liner cover 32. In this way, the parts are reduced, the structure becomes simple, and the cost can be reduced. Further, the synthetic rubber body may be integrally formed with a part that is a movable lining. At this time, a plurality of lining members which are divided as a metal body are attached to the synthetic rubber body, and as opposed to the front end portion 3a of the blade 3, the lining members may be formed by the same treatment as the movable lining. . When foreign matter adheres, the foreign matter will get stuck in the lining member, and the elastic deformation of the synthetic rubber body enlarges the gap between the lining member and the blade, so that the foreign matter can be removed. The present invention will be described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. For example, the above description shows that the inner ring is divided into four movable linings, but it is not limited to four. As mentioned previously, the movable lining can also be formed integrally with other components. The remaining members are similarly not limited to the above embodiments except for the movable lining. 15 Again, the invention is of course also applicable to vertical submersible pumps. In addition, since the movable lining is movable, it can also be designed to detect the action of the lining. Further, the present invention is applied to a submersible pump, but it is of course also applicable to a pump other than a submersible pump. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the structure of a water pump in which a convex member is provided on a lining ring. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the structure of the water pump in the groove in which the inner liner is provided in the second embodiment. 21 1325030 Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 3. Fig. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the structure of the submersible pump in which the inner liner ring is divided into a movable state in the third embodiment. Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the structure of the underwater pump when the inner liner ring is divided into a movable state and a convex member is provided, in the fourth embodiment. Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of Figure 7. Fig. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the underwater pump structure in which the inner liner ring is divided into a movable state in the fifth embodiment. 10 Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which foreign matter adheres to the blade in Fig. 10. Figure 12 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the structure of the underwater pump having a convex member on the inner liner ring having an inclined surface in the direction of water flow. 15 Fig. 13 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the structure of the underwater pump having a convex surface on the inner liner ring in the direction of rotation of the impeller, and having a convex member. Fig. 14 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the water spring structure in which the inner liner ring is divided and the spring is made movable in a movable state in the seventh embodiment. Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along line G-G of Fig. 14. 20 Fig. 16 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the state in which foreign matter adheres in Fig. 15. Figure 17 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another configuration of the submersible pump which divides the inner liner ring and is made movable by a spring. Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along line Η-Η of Figure 17. 22 1325030 Figure 19 is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I of Figure 17. Fig. 20 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state in which foreign matter adheres in Fig. 17. Fig. 21 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the structure of the submersible pump in which the inner liner ring is divided and the synthetic rubber 5 body is made movable. Fig. 22 is a cross-sectional view taken along line K-K of Fig. 21. Fig. 23 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another configuration of the submersible pump which divides the inner liner ring and which is made into a movable state by the synthetic rubber body in the ninth embodiment. Figure 24 is a cross-sectional view taken along line L-L of Figure 23; 10 Figure 25 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the structure of a conventional underwater pump. Figure 26 is a cross-sectional view taken along line F-F of Figure 25. [Main component representative symbol table of the drawing] 1... underwater pump 10a... block member 2, 50... impeller 11, 15, 20, 25, 31... movable lining 3, 51.·. blades 11a, 31b, 32b ...wings 3a, 51a... front end portion 12...stop rotation member 4, 52... housing 13, 22, 27... spring body 5, 9, 53... inner liner ring 15a. .. Slots 6, 14 ... convex members 15b... shoulders 6a ... protruding projections 16 ... pins 6b, 6c ... face 17 ... stoppers 7, 54 ... foreign objects 18 ...tension coil spring 8...groove 20a...inclined portion 10,19,28,32...liner cover 21...stop bolt 23 1325030 23.. .bolt 24 .. . nut 25a... hole 25b, 31a... inclined surface 25c... step portion 26.. support shaft 29.. screw body 30.. synthetic rubber body 30a... space portion 30b... support portion 32a, 32c... Transfer protrusion S, X, Y... gap Z... gap