TWI381809B - 殺菌組成物 - Google Patents
殺菌組成物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI381809B TWI381809B TW100145889A TW100145889A TWI381809B TW I381809 B TWI381809 B TW I381809B TW 100145889 A TW100145889 A TW 100145889A TW 100145889 A TW100145889 A TW 100145889A TW I381809 B TWI381809 B TW I381809B
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- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- methyl
- ppm
- benzisothiazolin
- mbit
- microorganisms
- Prior art date
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 37
- 230000003641 microbiacidal effect Effects 0.000 title 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- RDWXSJCICPOOKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1,2-benzothiazol-3-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)N(C)SC2=C1 RDWXSJCICPOOKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000005822 Propiconazole Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- STJLVHWMYQXCPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propiconazole Chemical compound O1C(CCC)COC1(C=1C(=CC(Cl)=CC=1)Cl)CN1N=CN=C1 STJLVHWMYQXCPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- UUIVKBHZENILKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C(Br)(Br)C#N UUIVKBHZENILKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQHYOGIRXOKOEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1,2-dicarboxyethylamino)butanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)NC(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O PQHYOGIRXOKOEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 description 1
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- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000237852 Mollusca Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- AAOVKJBEBIDNHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazepam Chemical compound N=1CC(=O)N(C)C2=CC=C(Cl)C=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1 AAOVKJBEBIDNHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940067107 phenylethyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N schardinger α-dextrin Chemical compound O1C(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(O)C2O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC2C(O)C(O)C1OC2CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/80—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,2
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N35/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
- A01N35/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing aliphatically bound aldehyde or keto groups, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof, e.g. acetals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/34—Nitriles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/647—Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
- A01N43/653—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Description
本發明係有關所選殺菌劑之協同組合(synergistic combination),該組合所具有之活性係高於在個別殺菌劑所觀察到之活性。
在某些情況下,即使是以高濃度使用市售殺菌劑,仍無法提供有效的微生物控制,這是因為該等殺菌劑對抗某些類型微生物(例如,對某些殺菌劑具抗性之微生物)的活性較微弱,或因為侵襲性的環境條件所致。有時可使用不同殺菌劑的組合,以於特定之最終使用環境提供全面性的微生物控制。舉例來說,美國專利申請案公開第2007/0078118號揭露N-甲基-1,2-苯并異噻唑啉-3-酮(MBIT,N-methyl-1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one)與其他殺生物劑的協同組合。然而,為了有效控制微生物,仍需要有對各種品系微生物具強化活性之殺菌劑的其他組合。再者,為了達到環境和經濟上的效益,所需之殺菌劑組合應含有低濃度的個別殺菌劑。本發明係經由提供前述之殺菌劑其他組合而解決此問題。
本發明係有關一種殺菌組成物,包括:(a)N-甲基-1,2苯并異噻唑啉-3-酮;以及(b)至少一種選自下列各者之殺菌劑:2,2-二溴-3-氮基丙醯胺、甲醛、2-N-辛基-4-異噻唑啉-3-酮、普克利(propiconazole)、得克利(tebuconazole)、以及氯-2-甲基-4-異噻唑啉-3-酮與2-甲基-4-異噻唑啉-3-酮之混合物。
除非內文另行指明,否則本文中所使用的下列名詞具有指定的定義。“MBIT”為N-甲基-1,2-苯并異噻唑啉-3-酮。“殺菌劑”一詞意指可於所在位置(locus)殺死微生物、抑制微生物生長、或控制微生物生長之化合物;“殺菌劑”包含殺細菌劑、殺真菌劑和殺藻劑。“微生物”一詞包含,例如,真菌(如酵母和黴菌)、細菌及藻類。“所在位置(locus)”一詞意指遭受微生物污染之工業系統或產品。以下縮寫係使用於整篇說明書:ppm=每百萬份中之重量份(重量/重量),mL=毫升,ATCC=美國菌種中心,MBC=最小殺菌濃度,及MIC=最小抑菌濃度。除非另行指明,否則溫度是以攝氏(℃)計,而百分比(%)是以重量計。有機殺菌劑的量係基於活性成份以ppm(w/w)表示。
意外發現,本發明之組成物在低於個別殺菌劑濃度的組合活性成分濃度下,具有增強的殺菌效果。
於本發明之一具體實例中,該抗菌組成物包括N-甲基-1,2苯并異噻唑啉-3-酮及2,2-二溴-3-氮基丙醯胺。較佳地,2,2-二溴-3-氮基丙醯胺對N-甲基-1,2-苯并異噻唑啉-3-酮的重量比為1:0.01至1:114,更佳為1:0.01至1:29,更佳為1:0.02至1:5.8。
於本發明之一具體實例中,該抗菌組成物包括N-甲基-1,2-苯并異噻唑啉-3-酮及甲醛。較佳地,甲醛對N-甲基-1,2-苯并異噻唑啉-3-酮的重量比為1:0.0022至1:19,更佳為1:0.022至1:19,更佳為1:0.17至1:19。
於本發明之一具體實例中,該抗菌組成物包括N-甲基-1,2-苯并異噻唑啉-3-酮及2-N-辛基-4-異噻唑啉-3-酮。較佳地,2-N-辛基-4-異噻唑啉-3-酮對N-甲基-1,2-苯并異噻唑啉-3-酮的重量比為1:0.02至1:882,較佳為1:0.13至1:882,更佳為1:0.13至1:150。
於本發明之一具體實例中,該抗菌組成物包括N-甲基-1,2-苯并異噻唑啉-3-酮及普克利。較佳地,普克利對N-甲基-1,2-苯并異噻唑啉-3-酮的重量比為1:0.0022至1:6.8,更佳為1:0.075至1:6.8。
於本發明之一具體實例中,該抗菌組成物包括N-甲基-1,2-苯并異噻唑啉-3-酮及得克利。較佳地,得克利對N-甲基-1,2-苯并異噻唑啉-3-酮的重量比為1:0.0033至1:46,更佳為1:0.15至1:46。
於本發明之一具體實例中,該抗菌組成物包括N-甲基-1,2-苯并異噻唑啉-3-酮以及氯-2-甲基-4-異噻唑啉-3-酮與2-甲基-4-異噻唑啉-3-酮之3:1混合物。該混合物較佳為分別約3:1的混合物。較佳地,該混合物對N-甲基-1,2-苯并異噻唑啉-3-酮的重量比為1:91至1:114。
本發明組成物中的殺菌劑可“以其原有形式”使用,或可先與溶劑或固態載劑調配而使用。適合的溶劑包括,例如:水;二醇類,如乙二醇、丙二醇、二乙二醇、二丙二醇、聚乙二醇及聚丙二醇;二醇醚類;醇類,如甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、苯乙醇及苯氧基丙醇;酮類,如丙酮及甲基乙基酮;酯類,如乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、檸檬酸三乙醯酯及三乙酸甘油酯;碳酸酯類,如碳酸二丙酯及碳酸二甲酯;及其混合物。較佳地,該溶劑係選自水、二醇類、二醇醚類、酯類及其混合物。適合之固態載劑包括,例如:環糊精、二氧化矽、矽藻土、蠟、纖維素材料、鹼金族及鹼土族(例如,鈉、鎂、鉀)金屬鹽(例如,氯化物、硝酸鹽、溴化物、硫酸鹽)及炭。
將殺菌成分調配於溶劑中時,調配物可視需要含有界面活性劑。當前述調配物含有界面活性劑時,其通常呈乳化濃縮物(emulsive concentrate)、乳液、微乳化濃縮物(microemulsive concentrate)、或微乳液形式。乳化濃縮物在添加足量的水之後即形成乳液。微乳化濃縮物在添加足量的水之後即形成微乳液。此等乳化濃縮物及微乳化濃縮物為此技藝中所普遍熟知;此等調配物較佳不含界面活性劑。美國專利案第5,444,078號可進一步查閱到製備各種微乳液及微乳化濃縮物的一般及特定細節。
亦可將殺菌成分調配為分散液之形式。分散液之溶劑成分可為有機溶劑或水,較佳為水。此等分散液可含有佐劑,例如:共溶劑(co-solvent)、增稠劑、抗凍劑、分散劑、填充劑、色素、界面活性劑、生物分散劑、磺酸基琥珀酸鹽、萜烯、呋喃酮、多價陽離子、安定劑、阻垢劑及防腐蝕添加劑。
當兩種殺菌劑均先各自與溶劑調配時,第一種殺菌劑所使用的溶劑可與用來調配另一種市售殺菌劑的溶劑相同或不同,然而就大部分工業用殺生物劑的應用而言,以水為較佳。較佳地,該兩種溶劑為可混溶的。
熟習此技藝之人士應瞭解,本發明之殺菌劑成分可依序地、同時地添加至所在位置,或可於加至該所在位置之前先行組合。較佳係將第一種殺菌劑成分與第二種殺菌成分同時地或依序地添加至所在位置。當同時地或依序地添加該等殺菌劑時,個別之成分可各自含有佐劑,舉例而言,例如:溶劑、增稠劑、抗凍劑、著色劑、螯合劑(如乙二胺四乙酸、乙二胺二琥珀酸、亞胺基二琥珀酸及其鹽類)、分散劑、界面活性劑、生物分散劑、磺酸基琥珀酸鹽、萜烯、呋喃酮、多價陽離子、安定劑、阻垢劑及防腐蝕添加劑。
本發明之殺菌組成物可藉由將殺菌有效量之組成物導入遭受微生物攻擊之所在位置的上方、內部、或所在處,而用以抑制微生物或較高等水生生物(如原蟲、無脊椎動物、苔蘚蟲、雙鞭毛藻、甲殼類、軟體動物等)之生長。適合的所在位置包含,例如:工業製程用水;電塗沉積系統(electrocoat deposition system);冷卻塔;空氣清洗器;氣體洗滌器;礦漿;廢水處理;裝飾噴泉;逆滲透過濾;超過濾(ultrafiltration);壓載水;蒸發式冷凝器;熱交換器;製漿造紙溶液及添加劑;澱粉;塑膠;乳化劑;分散劑;顏料;乳膠;塗料,如清漆;建築製品,如膠黏水泥、嵌縫膏及密封膠;建築黏合劑,如陶瓷黏合劑、地毯底布黏合劑及層合黏合劑;工業用或消費性黏合劑;攝影化學品;印刷液體;居家用品,如浴室及廚房清潔用品;美容用品;化妝品;洗髮精;肥皂;清潔劑;工業用清潔劑;地板光亮劑;洗衣房洗滌水;金屬加工液體;輸送帶潤滑液;液壓液體(hydraulic fluid);皮革及皮革製品;紡織物;紡織產品;木材及木製品,如膠合板、碎木片板(chipboard)、牆板、削片板(flakeboard)、層合樑、定向粒片板、硬板及粒片板;石油煉製液體;燃料;油田液體,如注射水、裂隙液體及鑽井泥;農業佐劑保存;界面活性劑保存;醫療儀器;診斷試劑保存;食物保存,如塑膠或紙類食物包膜;食物、飲料及工業製程用之巴氏滅菌器(pasteurizer);馬桶;遊憩用水;池塘;及溫泉浴場。
較佳地,本發明之殺菌組成物係使用於選自下列之一個或多個所在位置以抑制微生物的生長:礦漿;製漿造紙溶液及添加劑;澱粉;乳化劑;分散劑;顏料;乳膠;塗料;建築黏合劑,如陶瓷黏合劑、地毯底布黏合劑;攝影化學品;印刷液體;家居用品,如浴室及廚房清潔用品;美容用品;化妝品;洗髮精;肥皂;清潔劑;工業用清潔劑;地板光亮劑;洗衣房洗滌水;金屬加工液體;紡織產品;木材及木製品;農業佐劑保存;界面活性劑保存;診斷試劑保存;食物保存;食物、飲料及工業製程用之巴氏滅菌器。
本發明組成物於所在位置抑制或控制微生物與較高等水生生物之生長所需的明確用量係取決於欲保護之特定所在位置。典型地,若本發明組成物於所在位置提供0.1至1,000 ppm的異噻唑啉成分,則該組成物的量係足以於該所在位置控制微生物的生長。該組成物之異噻唑啉成分存在於該所在位置的量,較佳為至少0.5 ppm,更佳為至少4 ppm,以及最佳為至少10 ppm。該組成物之異噻唑啉成分存在於該所在位置的量,較佳為不超過1000 ppm,更佳為不超過500 ppm,以及最佳為不超過200 ppm。
本發明之組合的協同作用係藉檢驗廣泛範圍的化合物濃度及比例而予以驗證。
一種協同作用的測量係Kull,F.C.;Eisman,P.C.;Sylwestrowicz,H.D.及Mayer,R.L.描述於Applied Microbiology 9:538-541(1961)之工業上接受的方法,其係使用由下式所決定的比例:
Qa
/QA
+Qb
/QB
=協同指數(Synergy Index;“SI”)
其中:
QA
=化合物A(第一種成分)單獨作用的ppm濃度,其產生終點(化合物A的MIC)。
Qa
=化合物A於混合物中的ppm濃度,其產生終點。
QB
=化合物B(第二種成分)單獨作用的ppm濃度,其產生終點(化合物B的MIC)。
Qb
=化合物B於混合物中的ppm濃度,其產生終點。
當Qa
/QA
和Qb
/QB
之總和大於1時,表示拮抗作用。當Qa
/QA
和Qb
/QB
之總和等於1時,表示加成作用(additivity),而當小於1時,則表示協同作用。SI越低,顯示此特定混合物的協同作用越大。殺菌劑之最小抑菌濃度(MIC)為於特定一組條件下試驗出能夠防止所添加之微生物生長的最低濃度。
協同試驗係使用標準微量滴定盤分析法(standard microtiter plate assay)以設計為最適合試驗微生物生長之培養基進行。補充有0.2%葡萄糖及0.1%酵母菌萃取物之基本鹽培養基(minimal salt medium)(M9GY培養基)係用於試驗細菌;馬鈴薯葡萄糖液體培養基(Potato Dextrose Broth)(PDB培養基)係用於試驗酵母菌及黴菌。於此方法中,殺菌劑之廣泛範圍組合係於各種濃度之MBIT的存在下,藉由進行高解析MIC分析試驗而予以測試。高解析MIC係藉由添加不同量之殺菌劑至微量滴定盤之一行,然後以自動液體處理系統進行十倍序列稀釋,以獲得活性成分範圍介於2 ppm至10,000 ppm之一系列終點而予以測定。
本發明組合之協同作用係以細菌(大腸桿菌(E.coli
-ATCC#8739))、酵母菌(白色念珠菌(C.albicans
-ATCC 10231))、及黴菌(黑麴黴菌(A.niger
-ATCC 16404))測定。細菌係以約5x106
細菌/mL之濃度使用,而酵母菌及黴菌係以5x105
真菌/mL之濃度使用。此等微生物為許多消費性及工業性應用之天然污染物代表。培養盤於25℃(酵母菌及黴菌)或30℃(細菌)經過各種培養時間後,經目視評估微生物的生長(混濁度)以判定MIC。
驗證本發明MBIT組合之協同作用的試驗結果顯示於下表1至6。於每一試驗中,第二種成分(B)為MBIT,而第一種成分(A)為其他市售殺菌劑。每一表係顯示MBIT與其他成分之特定組合;以不同培養時間對微生物進行檢測之結果;以ppm表示之終點活性,其係藉由量測單獨存在MBIT(QB
)、單獨存在其他成分(QA
)、存在於混合物中的MBIT(Qb
)、及存在於混合物中的其他成分(Qa
)之MIC而得;計算所得之SI值;以及所測試之每一組合的協同比率(其他成分/MBIT或A/B)範圍。
Claims (3)
- 一種殺菌組成物,包括:(a) N-甲基-1,2-苯并異噻唑啉-3-酮;以及(b) 普克利(propiconazole)。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之殺菌組成物,其中,普克利對N-甲基-1,2-苯并異噻唑啉-3-酮之比例為1:0.0022至1:6.8。
- 如申請專利範圍第2項之殺菌組成物,其中,普克利對N-甲基-1,2-苯并異噻唑啉-3-酮之比例為1:0.075至1:6.8。
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| KR101102501B1 (ko) | 살미생물 조성물 |
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