TWI342782B - Treatment of hcv disorders - Google Patents
Treatment of hcv disorders Download PDFInfo
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- TWI342782B TWI342782B TW093126578A TW93126578A TWI342782B TW I342782 B TWI342782 B TW I342782B TW 093126578 A TW093126578 A TW 093126578A TW 93126578 A TW93126578 A TW 93126578A TW I342782 B TWI342782 B TW I342782B
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- Prior art keywords
- cyclosporin
- hcv
- methyl
- leucine
- hydroxy
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- A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
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Description
1342782 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種非免疫抑制性之環孢菌素之新賴用 途。該環孢菌素包括一類結構與衆不同的、環狀的、聚-N_ 甲基化之十一胺基酸多肽,一般具有藥理的、尤其是免疫 抑制或抗炎活性。第一個被分離之環孢菌素為天然產生之 真菌代謝物環孢菌素或環孢黴素,也稱為環孢菌素A。 【先前技術】 已確定環孢菌素A之作用藉由阻斷白細胞介素_2(11^_2)之 轉錄起始干預τ細胞活化過程來實現,已經顯示環孢菌素a 可與命名為親環素之17千道爾頓之細胞質蛋白形成一複合 物,其在多種細胞中發生,且已經顯示其與肽基_脯胺醯順 -反異構酶(一種參與蛋白折疊的酶)完全一致。 然而’發現與親環素結合是免疫抑制活性之一必要但不 充分之標準。該環孢菌素A/親環素複合物也可與稱爲鈣依 賴磷酸§9 (CN)之細胞蛋白結合’該蛋白屬於磷脂酶超家 族。此4結合去除了其填脂酶活性,導致轉錄因子NF _ AT 之靜止。CN/NF-AT途徑之抑制是環孢菌素厶介導之免疫抑 制之主要機制。 已經鑑定了牢固結合到親環素但非免疫抑制之環孢菌 素。一種環孢菌素當其在混合細胞淋巴細胞反應(Mlr)中 具有不高於環孢菌素A活性之5%,較佳為不高於2%之活性 時’認爲其為非免疫抑制性。混合淋巴細胞反應由丁· Meo 在"Immunological Methods",L. Lefkovits and Β· Peris,Eds., 95729.doc 1342782
Academic Press,Ν.Υ‘ pp. 227-239(1979)中描述 β 來自 Baib/C 小鼠(雌性’ 8-10周)之脾細胞(0.5xl06)與經〇·5χ1〇6放射線 (2000拉德)或絲裂黴素C處理的來自CBA小鼠(雌性,8_1〇 周)之脾細胞共同溫育5天。放射線照射的異源細胞誘導 Balb/c小鼠脾細胞之增殖反應,其可由被標記之前雜與DNA 結合來測定。由於該刺激物細胞經放射線照射(或絲裂黴素 C處理)’因此它們不能對增殖之Balb/c細胞產生反應,但能 保持其抗原性。在MLR中發現該檢測化合物之半數抑制濃 度(ICso)與環孢菌素A在平行試驗中所發現之結果相當。除 此之外,非免疫抑制性之環孢菌素缺乏抑制CN及下游 NF-AT途徑之能力。 I洲專利EP 0 484 28 1 A1揭示了非免疫抑制性之環抱菌 素在治療獲得性免疫缺陷綜合征(AIDS)或AIDS相關疾病 中之應用。 現已令人驚奇地發現結合到親環素之非免疫抑制性之環 抱菌素具有抑制C型肝炎病毒(HCV)之作用》 。心爲持續HCV感染(其已被認爲是非a、非B肝炎之主要致 病因素)與諸如慢性肝炎、肝硬化或肝細胞癌之肝臟疾病密 切相關。此等肝臟疾病之發展是一個主要公共健康問題。 有效之抗-HCV治療限定於用干擾素或一種干擾素與病毒 坐之組合進行治療。然而,由於大約一半用此等已知製劑 ^療之HCV病人不能清除該病毒,因此仍極需要替代性之 抗-HCV製劑。 【發明内容】 95729.doc 1342782 因此’本發明提供了 一種非免疫抑制性之親環素結合之 環抱菌素在C型肝炎感染或HCV誘發之疾病之預防或治療 中之應用。 C型肝炎感染或HCV誘發之疾病為例如慢性肝炎、肝硬化 或肝癌(例如肝細胞癌)。該非免疫抑制性之親環素結合之環 孢菌素也可用於例如HCV感染之母親之新生兒之預防治 療,或暴露於该病毒之醫療保健工作者之預防治療,或移 植物接受者(例如器官或組織移植物接受者,例如肝臟移植) 之預防治療以消除移植後可能復發之HCV感染。 如果一種環孢菌素其結合人重組親環素之能力為 Quesniaux在 Eur. J. Immunol·. 1987 17 13 59-1365 中所描述 的在競爭性酶聯免疫吸附試驗(ELISA)中環孢菌素A結合力 的至少五分之一,則認爲其與親環素結合。在此試驗中, 在親環素與被包裹的牛血清白蛋白(BSA)_環孢菌素A溫育 期間加入該待測環孢菌素,並且計算無競爭劑時的對照反 應之50。/。抑制所需之濃度(IC5〇)。用結合率(BR)來表示該結 果,其為該檢測化合物之ICm與同時進行之環孢菌素A本身 檢測之ICw之比率的以10為底數之對數值。因而6尺為1〇表 示該檢測化合物結合人親環素少於環孢菌素六之十倍,負值 表示比環孢菌素A對親環素的結合力強。該具有抗HCv活性 之環抱菌素之B R低於〇. 7 ’較佳為等於或低於〇。 【實施方式】 非免疫抑制性之親環素結合之環孢菌素之實例包括例如 式I之化合物 95729.doc 1342782 -W—X-R-Y—Z-Q-Ala-T,-T2-T3*MeVal 一 1 2 3 4 5 6 78 9 10 11 其中, W 為 MeBmt、二氫-MeBmt、8’-經基-MeBrnt 或 〇-乙醢-MeBmt1 ; X為α胺基丁酸、纈胺酸、蘇胺酸、Nva或0-甲基蘇胺酸 (MeOThr); R為脯胺酸、Sar、(D)-甲基絲胺酸、或(D)-曱基丙胺酸、 或(D)-曱基絲胺酸(氧乙醯基); Y為甲基亮胺酸、硫代甲基亮胺酸、γ-經基-甲基亮胺酸、 甲基異亮胺酸、曱基纈胺酸、甲基蘇胺酸、甲基丙胺酸、 Mealle或MeaThr、Ν-乙基纈胺酸、Ν-乙基異亮胺酸、Ν-乙 基蘇胺酸、N-乙基苯丙胺酸、N-乙基酪胺酸或N-乙基蘇胺 酸(氧乙醯基) Z為纈胺酸、亮胺酸、曱基纈胺酸或曱基亮胺酸, Q為甲基免胺酸、γ-羥基-甲基亮胺酸、甲基丙胺酸或脯 胺酸, ΤΊ為(D)丙胺酸或賴胺酸, 丁2為甲基亮胺酸或γ-羥基-甲基亮胺酸,及 Τ3為甲基亮胺酸或甲基丙胺酸。 式I之較佳化合物為例如式la之化合物
Ala-(D)Ala-MeLeu-MeLeu-MeVal· 7 8 9 10 11 —W—X-R·-γ2-Q1 — 2 3 la 95729.doc •9- 1342782 X為α胺基丁酸、纈胺酸、蘇胺酸、Nva或0-甲基蘇胺酸 (MeOThr); R1為Sar、(D)-甲基絲胺酸、或(D)-甲基丙胺酸、或(D)-甲基絲胺酸(氧乙醯基); Y’為曱基亮胺酸、γ-羥基-甲基亮胺酸、曱基異亮胺酸、 甲基纈胺酸、甲基蘇胺酸、甲基丙胺酸、Mealle或MeaThr、 N-乙基纈胺酸、N-乙基異亮胺酸、N-乙基蘇胺酸、N-乙基 苯丙胺酸、N-乙基酪胺酸或N-乙基蘇胺酸(氧乙醯基) Z為纈胺酸、亮胺酸、甲基纈胺酸或甲基亮胺酸;及 Q'為甲基亮胺酸、γ-羥基-甲基亮胺酸或甲基丙胺酸。 基團W’、X、Υ’、Z、Q’和R’獨立地具有下列較佳之意義: 較佳之W1為W",此處W"為MeBmt或二氫-MeBmt ; 較佳之X為X1 ’此處X'為α胺基丁酸或Nva、更佳者為χ,ι, 此處X"為α胺基丁酸; 較佳之R’為R",此處R,^Sar; 較佳之Y’為Y”,此處Y”為γ_羥基_甲基亮胺酸曱基纈胺 酸、甲基蘇胺酸、甲基異亮胺酸' 冰乙基異亮胺酸、N—乙 基纈胺酸; 車乂佳之Ζ為Ζ,此處為綠胺酸或甲基绳胺酸;及 較佳之Q1為Q",此處q”為甲基亮胺酸; "式la之化合物之較佳基團為其十w,為w"、X為χ·、γ·為 Υ"、Ζ為z’、Q’為q"及R#R"之基團。 式la之較佳化合物之實例為例如: )[一氫MeBmt] -[γ-羥基_甲基亮胺酸]4_環孢靈; 95729.doc •10· 1342782 BR* = 0.1 ; IR<1% b) [甲基纈胺酸]4-環孢菌素;BR=0.1 ; IR<1% c) [甲基異亮胺酸]4-環孢菌素;BR=-0.2 ; IR<1% d) [甲基蘇胺酸]4-環孢菌素; e) [γ·羥基·甲基亮胺酸]4-環孢菌素;BR=0.4 ; IR<1% f) [乙基異亮胺酸]4-環孢菌素;BR=0.1 ; IR<2% g) [乙基纈胺酸]4-環孢菌素;BR=0 ; IR<2% h) [Nva]、[Y-羥基-甲基亮胺酸]4_環孢菌素; i) [γ-羥基-甲基亮胺酸]4-[γ-羥基-曱基亮胺酸]6-環孢菌 素; j) [甲基纈胺酸]5-環孢菌素;BR=0.4 ; IR=5.3°/〇 k) [甲基氧蘇胺酸]2-[(D)甲基丙胺酸]3_[曱基纈胺酸]5環 孢菌素; j) [8’-羥基-MeBmt]1-環孢菌素;BR=0.35 ; IR=1.8% k) [甲基丙胺酸]6-環孢菌素;bR=-〇.4 ; IR=3.2 Ο [γ-幾基-曱基亮胺酸]9·環孢菌素;BR=0.15 ; IR=2.9 IR=免疫抑制比率’以相對於環孢菌素A之活性百分率表 示。 非免疫抑制性之環孢菌素之其他實例為WO 98/28330、 WO 98/28329及WO 98/28328中揭示之化合物(其内容以引 用形式併入本説明書),例如式Η之化合物 ^~~X* Q. Ala>(D)Ala-MeLeu-MeLeu*MeVal— 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 其中 95729.doc 1342782 wa為
CHJ OHj 其中Ra為式Ic或Id之一個殘基
—CHj-—CH=CH一CHa—R4 Ic 〇r 一CH2—SH—R*4 W 其中R44CN4烷硫、胺基CN4烷硫、Cw烷基胺基Ci-4烷硫、 一 Ci·4燒基胺基-Cm院硫、'•密咬硫、β塞《7坐硫、N-Ci-4烧基咪 。全硫、羥基cN4烷基苯基硫、羥基Cl_4烷基苯氧基、硝基笨 胺或2-氧代嘧啶〗_基,且R,4為Cl-4烷基 xa為胺基丁酸; 1為-N甲基-CH(Rb)-CO-,其中Rb為Η或-S-Alk-R0其中 Alk-RG為甲基;或Alk為直鏈或分支c26伸烷基或c3-6伸環烷 基且R〇為Η ; OH;COOH; C2.5烷氧羰基;NR,R2中之每一R, 及R2獨立地從下列集團中選出:Η、Cw烷基、C2-4烯基、 C3·6環烧基和苯基’每—個都視需要由鹵素、Cl4烷氧基、 C2·5炫氧幾基、胺基、Cw烷基胺基和/或二Cl-4烷基-胺基、 和苄基及一雜環基團取代,該苄基和雜環基團為飽和或不 飽和且包含5或6個環員及1至3個雜原子,或R〗和&與相連 之氮原子共同形成一個4至6員雜環(其可能包含另一從 氮、氧和硫中選出之雜原子,且其視需要可由烷基、笨 基或苄基取代);或每一心和尺2獨立地為一個式比之基困 95729.doc •12· 1342782 r3 其中Ri和R2為如上所定義,尺3為}1或Cl.4烷基且n為一個2至 4的整數;
Ya為甲基亮胺酸或γ·羥基-曱基亮胺酸;
Za為纈胺酸;及
Qa為甲基亮胺酸, 條件為當Ya是甲基亮胺酸時,Rb不是Η, 或其醫藥可接受之鹽 在式Π中,當心和/或心為―雜環殘基時,其可能為吼啶 基、四氫吡啶基、哌啶基、咪唑基、噁唑基或噻唑基。例 如’當R】和R2同與其相連之氮原子共同形成一雜環殘基 時’該雜環殘基可以從下列基團選出:氮雜環丁基、哌啶 基、哌嗪基、Ν-甲基-娘嗪基、Ν_苯基哌嗪基、Ν·苄基哌嗪 基、吡啶基、咪唑基、嗎啉基、硫代嗎啉基、四氫吡啶基、 甲基四氫吡啶基(例如4-曱基-四氫吡啶基)或苯基四氫吡啶 基(例如4_苯基四氫》比啶基)。 式I、la、或π之化合物可以多種方式獲得,可以分類為: 1)發酵 2)生物轉化 3)衍化 4)部分合成 5 )全部合成 95729.doc -13- 1342782 如在例如 ΕΡ Ο 484 281 A卜 WO 00/01715、WO 98/28330、 WO 98/28329、或W0 98/28328中所揭示,其内容以引用方 式併入本説明書。 在一系列更加特異或可選擇之具體實施例中,本發明亦 提供: 1.1 —種對有此需要之受治療者進行預防或治療C型肝炎 感染或HCV誘導之疾病之方法,其包括給予該受治療者 一種治療有效量之非免疫抑制性之親環素結合之環孢 菌素’例如式I、la或II之化合物。 根據本發明,給予有效劑量之非免疫抑制性之親環素結 合之環孢菌素可減輕或消除一種或更多種c型肝炎之 钲像或症狀,例如有效地降低在受治療者血清樣品令測 量到之HCV-RNA(HCV-核糖核酸)含量。 1.2 —種抑制HCV在介質中複製之方法,其包括將一種有效 量之非免疫抑制性之親環素結合之環抱菌素應用於該 介貿’例如一種式I ' 13或π之化合物c 1.3 -種在有此需要之患者體内抑制Hcv複製之方法,其包 括給予該患者-種治療有效量之非免疫抑制性之親環 素結合之環抱菌素,例如一種式卜㈣^之化合物。 Μ _種在有此需要之移植物接受者令預防hcv感染復發 之方法,其包括給予該接受者一種治療有效量之非免疫 抑制性之親環素結合之環孢菌素,例如式卜心训之化 合物。 2.-種非免疫抑制性之親環素結合之環孢菌素(例如一種 95729.doc 14 1342782 式I、la或II之化合物)在製備醫藥組合物中之應用,該 組合物可用於上述所定義之任何方法。 3. —種可用於上述所定義之任何方法之醫藥組合物,其包 括一種非免疫抑制性之親環素結合之環孢菌素(例如一 種式I、la或II之化合物),及其一種或多種醫藥可接受 之稀釋劑或載劑。 該非免疫抑制性之親環素結合之環孢菌素(下文稱爲,,本 發明之環抱靈")在治療本文規定之疾病和病情中之作用可 在標準動物或臨床試驗(例如與下文所述一致之方法)中説 明。 A.體外試驗 細胞培養:在含10%牛血清(FBS)之Dulbecco's改良的
Eagle’s培養基(DMEM)中培養Huh-7和MH-14細胞、HCV複 製細胞。在補充了 100納克/毫升表皮生長因子、1〇單位/毫 升騰島素、0.36微克/毫升氫化可的松、5微克/毫升轉鉄蛋 白、5微克/毫升亞油酸、20納克/’毫升栖、4微克/’毫升騰高 血糖素、10納克/毫升催乳素、10微克/毫升慶大黴素、2〇〇 微克/毫升卡那黴素和2% FBS以1:1混合之DMEM和F12培 養基中培養PH5CH8細胞。 免疫印跡分析·按 K. Watashi et al.,Virology 2001,286, 391 -402所描述進行免疫印跡分析》在此試驗中所用之主要 抗體為抗_NS5 A、抗-NS5B和抗- /?-肌動蛋白(Sigma)抗艘。 間接免疫螢光分析:按K. Watashi,supra.所描述進行間接 免疫螢光分析。在此試驗中所用之主要抗體為抗-NS5A和 95729.doc -15- 1342782 抗-蛋白質二硫鍵異構酶(PDI)(StressGen)抗體。 逆轉錄(RT)-聚合酶鏈反應(PCR)分析
用由生產者建議之 Sepasol-RNA I Super(nacalai tesque) 來分離培養細胞的總RNA。根據生產者指導用一步RNA PCR試劑盒(Takara)來進行RT-PCR分析。用於檢測mRNAs 2',5’-寡腺苷酸合成酶和雙鏈RNA-依賴性蛋白激酶之引子 分別為 5,-CCGTGAAGTTTGAGGTCCAG-3',5,-GACTAATT CCAAGACCGTCCG-3'和 5'-TGGCCGCTAAACTTGCATATC-3’, 5'-GCGAGTGTGCTGGTCACTAAAG-3'。
Northern印跡分析:按 H. Kishine et al·,Biochem, Biophys.
Res. Commun.,2002, 47,119-125.所描述進行Nothern印跡 分析。H. Kishine,supra描述了在此試驗中所使用之NS5B 序列之互補探針。
實時 RT-PCR分析:按 T. Takeuchi et al.,Gastroenterology, 1999,116,636-642所描述用 ABI PRISM 7700序列檢測儀 (AppiiedBiosystems)定量 HCV 基因組 RNA 之 5'-不翻# 區 (5'-UTR)。此試驗中所使用之正向和反向引子分別為 5,-CGGGAGAGCCATAGTGG-3·和 5,-AGTACCACAAGGCCTT TCG-3'。螢光探針為 S'-CTGCGGAACCGGTGAGTACAC-S'。 作爲内部對照,同時用TaqMan核糖體RNA控制試劑(TaqMan Ribosomal RNA Control Reagents)(Applied Biosystems)來定量 核糖體RNA » 體外HCV感染試驗:基本上按N. Kato et al.,Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 1996,87,787-792和 M. Ikada et al.,Virus Res., 95729.doc •16· 1342782 1998, 56, 157-167所描述進行該體外HCV感染試驗〇用血聚 1Β-2(相當於1〇4至105 HCV RNA拷貝)感染PH5CH8細胞 (1x10)’前者可從HCV陽性獻血者之血液中製備。溫育24 小時後’該細胞用燐酸鹽緩衝液(PBS)洗滌三次,用新鮮培 養基維持培養。 轉染和報告基因分析:根據生產者方案用FuGENE 6 (Roche)和 Lipofectamine 2000轉染試劑(invitrogen)分別轉 染ΜΗ-14和H9細胞。按K. Watashi,supra所描述進行報告基 因分析。此研究中所用之報告質粒為pNFAT-Luc、pAPl-Luc、 pNFKB-Luc(轨道檢測報告基因系統;Stratagene),和pRL TK (雙營光素酶報告基因檢測系統;Promega)。 用MH· 14細胞檢測本發明之各種環孢菌素對hcV基因組 複製之影響’其中如圖1A所示該HCV亞基因複製子為自主 複製。用本發明之一種環孢菌素(例如[甲基異亮胺酸广環 孢菌素’例如以1微克/毫升)同1〇〇單位/毫升干擾素α(其用 作陽性對照)共同處理7天可將HCV NS5A和NS5B蛋白際低 至免疫印跡分析檢測不到的水平。間接免疫螢光分析顯 示,在所有用1微克/毫升本發明之環孢菌素處理之細胞 中,N S 5 Α蛋白產量都降低,而作爲一個内部對照之蛋白質 二硫鍵異構酶(PDI)(其為一種内質網標記物)的含量在此條 件下沒有改變。在此項分析中’本發明之該環孢菌素降低 了 HCV複製子細胞中之HCV蛋白之表達。 藉由northern印跡分析在經或未經本發明之一種環抱菌 素或干擾素α處理之MH-14細胞中分析複製子rna。用例如 95729.doc •17· 1342782
1微克/毫升本發明之環孢菌素’例如[甲基異亮胺酸]4環抱 菌素’處理可使複製子RNA降低至檢測不到的水平。用1〇〇 單位/毫升干擾素α處理可產生相似的效果。除此之外,效 價逐漸降低並且在第7天HCV RNA含量降至約初始時之 1/400。在同干擾素α共同處理的情況下,與單獨用該環孢 菌素或干擾素α處理相比較,在任何一個檢測時間點(第3 天、第5天和第7天)都有進一步的降低:用該環孢菌素和干 擾素α共同處理7天’ ΜΗ- 14細胞中複製子RNA之水平降低 明顯超過單獨用干擾素α處理之細胞。 進一步’用HCV陽性血漿處理PH5CH8細胞(非腫瘤肝細 胞細胞係)’接下來用實時RT-PCR分析來定量接種後的不同 時間點之HCV RNA基因組效價。然而在接種後第5天細胞 中之HCV基因組效價與第1天相比較大約增加了 ! 〇倍,在用 本發明之一種環孢菌素(例如[甲基異亮胺酸]4 —環孢菌素) 或干擾素α持續處理後之細胞中未觀察到在此等時間點之 HCV RiN’A基因組效價之顯著增加„本發明之環孢菌素抑制 | 了 HCV感染之培養肝細胞的複製。 結果顯示於圖2E、2F和2G :用經[甲基異亮胺酸]環孢 菌素()或非親環素結合之環孢菌素(·)(例如6_[[R_(E)]- , 6,7-雙脫氫-N,4-二曱基-3-氧-L-2-胺基辛酸]-7-L-纈胺酸-環
A 孢菌素A)處理的ΜΗ-1 4進行免疫印跡分析(2E)、間接免疫螢 為 光分析(2F)和實時RT-PCR分析(2(})β 2Ε和2F中之對照(第一 列),未處理;2Ε中之環孢菌素a,1微克/毫升;2Ε(·)和2F〇) 中之[甲基異亮胺酸]4-環孢菌素,1微克/毫升;2Ε(·)和2F(·) 95729.doc -18- 1342782 中之非親環素結合之環孢菌素,1微克/毫升D B.臨床試驗 在兩周之研究中共計登記了 15名慢性C型肝炎感染之患 者。每名患者均接受一種本發明之環孢菌素(例如[甲基亮胺 酸]-環孢菌素,劑量為7-15毫克/公斤口服)。每位患者在〇 及14天測定c型肝炎抗原之灰清含量。 遭受C型肝炎感染痛苦之病人(尤其是慢性hcv感染)可 表現出一種或多種下述之徵象或症狀:(a)丙胺酸胺基轉移 酶升高,(b)抗-HCV抗體試驗陽性,(c)HCV-RNA試驗陽性 證明HCV之存在,(d)慢性肝病之臨床特徵,(勾肝細胞損 害。此等標準不僅應用於診斷C型肝炎,還可被應用於評價 患者對於藥物治療之反應。 吾人已熟知未經控制的C型肝炎會發生血清丙胺酸胺基 轉移酶(ALT)及天冬胺酸胺基轉移酶升高,通常可用這些血 清酶之正常化來確定對治療的全部反應,尤其是ALT(Davis et al., 1989, New Eng. J. Med· 32i:i 501-1506)。ALT為一種 在肝細胞受損時釋放之酶及HCV感染之症狀。 爲了追蹤對治療有反應之受治療者中之HCV複製過程, 可以檢測血清樣本中HCV RNA之含量,例如用一種谈套的 聚合酶鏈反應分析,其應用兩組得于HCV基因組之N53和 N54非結構基因序列之引子。Farci et al.,1991,New Eng,J,
Med. 325:98-104。Ulrich et al·,199〇,】,CHn, 86:1609-1614 。 肝活檢樣本之組織學檢查可作爲評估之第二標準(見,例 95729.doc -19· 1342782
Knodell et aj.3 1981) Hepatology, 1:431-435) > ^ M 0k :性指標(肝門炎症,片狀或橋接壞死’小葉受損及纖維化) 美供一種評定疾病活動性之方法。 實殘本發明方法之日需要劑量將依照例如所應用之非免 2制性之親環素結合之環抱菌素、宿主、給藥方式及被 二療翻之嚴重程度而變心較佳之日劑量為W至观克 么斤母天,單劑量或分開劑量給藥。患者合適之日劑量為 ,次從例如β20毫克/公斤口服或靜注。口服給藥之合適 :位劑量包含從約〇.25錢毫克/公斤活性成分(例如^基 錢醆广環抱菌素,結合一種或多種藥學可接受之稀釋劑 或其載劑。) 本發明之«g素可經任何常規途徑給藥,尤其經消化 道給藥’例如口服給藥(例如以可飲用之溶液、片劑或膠囊 :式―給樂),或腸外給藥(例如以可注射之溶液或懸浮液形式 ,口樂)。較佳之醫藥組合物可以為那些以例如在Μ 2,222,770 Α令描述之微乳劑為基礎之组合物。 本發明之環抱菌素可以單獨給藥或與其他藥物聯合給 樂’例如結合一種具有抗Hcv活性之藥物,例如一種干擾 素^如干擾素42a或干擾素·a_2bM列如内含子Ra、羅飛 龍 R、Av0nexR、RebifI^ Betafer〇nR),或者一種干擾素結合 -:水溶性聚合物或結合人白蛋白(例如干擾素♦二種抗 病毒製劑(例如病毒嗤、拉米夫定、請8或麵283)、一種 HCV編碼因子(如NS3/4A蛋白酶、解旋酶或⑽聚合酶)抑 制劑或-種此抑制劑之前體藥&、一種抗纖維化製劑[例如 95729.doc •20· 1342782
一種N-苯基-2-痛》定-胺衍生物(例如伊馬替尼)]、一種免疫調 節劑(例如麥考酚酸)、一種鹽或其前體藥物(例如黴酚酸鈉 或黴酚酸酯)、或一種S1P受體激動劑(例如FTY720)、或一 種其視需要峨酸化之類似物(例如在EP627406A1、EP 778263A1、EP1002792A1、WO02/18395、WO02/76995、 W002/06268、JP2002316985、WO03/29184、W003/29205、 WO03/62252 及 WO03/62248 中所揭示)。 干擾素與水溶性聚合物之結合意指尤其包括結合到聚氧 化烯基均聚物,諸如聚乙二醇(PEG)或聚丙二醇、聚氧乙稀 化多元醇、其共聚物及其嵌段共聚物。作為以聚氧化烯基 為基礎的聚合物之替代物,可有效地使用非抗原性材料(諸 如右旋糖苷、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚丙烯醯胺、聚乙烯醇、 以碳水化合物為基礎之聚合物及其類似物。美國專利號 4,766,1〇6、4,91 7,888、歐洲專利申請號〇 236 987、歐洲專 利申請號0 510 3S6和國際專利申請公開號w〇 95/13〇9〇描 述了此等干擾素-聚合物之結合物。由於此等聚合修飾足以 降低抗原反應,因此該外源干擾素不需要完全自體同源。 用於製備聚合物結合物之干擾素可從哺乳動物提取物製備 (諸如人、反离動物或牛干擾素)或重組製得。較佳之為干擾 素與聚乙二醇之結合物,也稱為聚乙二醇結合型干擾素。 尤其較佳之干擾素結合物為聚乙二醇結合型时擾素, 例如聚乙二醇結合型干擾素-如聚乙二醇結合型干擾素-a-2b ;聚乙二醇結合型複合干擾素或聚乙二醇結合型純化 擾素α產印聚乙一醇結合型干擾素_心2&在例如歐洲專 95729.doc •21- 1342782 利593,868中描述,且可以例如商品名pEGASYs②(耐咖^
Roche)商業麟4乙二醇結合型干擾素.a2b在例如歐洲 專利975,369中&述,且可以例如商品名 A'Schedng Plough)商業購得。聚乙二醇結合型複合干擾素 在w〇96m953中描述,佳之聚乙二醇結合#干擾素為 聚乙二醇結合型干擾素-α_2“σ聚乙二醇結合型干擾素 -a-2b。同樣較佳之為聚乙二醇結合型複合干擾素。 對於所用結合製劑之日劍晋嫂^目办丨l Λ β W里缟視例如所應用之化合物、 宿主、給藥方式和所要治痒痣声 1文…康涡If之厫重度而變化,舉例而 言,以日劑量100毫克給予拉米夫定。該聚乙二醇結合型干 擾素可每周非經腸道給予—至三次,較佳之為每周一次, 一周總劑量為2至1〇百萬國咚罝办 s y4. ^ «两QJ哚皁位’更較佳之為5至1〇百萬 國際單位,最佳之為8至1〇百萬國際單位。 與前述一致,本發明在另一方面提供: 4. -種醫藥組合物,其包括a)第一種劑,其為一種非免疫 抑制性之親環素結合之環抱菌素(例如式卜13或1!之化合 物),及b)—種聯合製冑,例如如上述定義之第二種㈣ 製劑(例如在如上述定義之任何方法中之應用)。 -種如上述定義之方法,其包括共同給藥(例如同時或按 順序地,·。丨種,合療有效量非免疫抑制性之親環素結合 之裒化菌素(例如種式j、Ia或】工之化合物),及一種聯合 製劑(例如如上述定義之第二種藥物製劑卜 在此處使用之術5吾"共同給藥"或”聯合給藥"或其相似之 95729.doc -22- 1342782 性治療製劑,及希望包 同之給藥途徑或相同之 詞意思均為包括給予單個患者選擇 括治療方案,其中該製劑不必以相 時間給予。 與僅應用其醫藥活性成分中之一種進行單—治療相比, 給予本發明之醫藥組合物可導致有益效果(例如一種協同 治療效果)。一種較佳之協同組合物為一種非免疫抑制性之 親%素結合之環抱菌素與一種干擾素之组合,視需要结人 一種聚合物。 一種更佳之組合為一種非免疫抑制性之親環素結合之環 孢菌素與黴酚酸,其鹽或前體藥物之組合,或與S1P受體激 動劑(例如FTY720)之組合。 [甲基異亮胺酸]4環孢菌素或[甲基纈胺酸]4環孢菌素為一 種本發明應用之較佳非免疫抑制性之親環素結合之環孢菌 素。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1A係顯不H C V亞基因複製子s 圖2E係免疫印跡分析。 圖2F係間接免疫螢光分析。 圖2G係實時RT-PCR分析。 95729.doc -23-
Claims (1)
- 93126578號專利申請案 申請專利範圍替換本(99年8 >申請專利範圍:一種非免疫抑制性環孢菌素在製備醫藥組合物之用途, 該醫藥組合物係用於預防或治療C型肝炎感染或HCV誘 發之疾病,其令該環孢菌素⑴以低於0 7之結合比率(BR) 結合人類重組親環素,BR為在競爭性ELISA試驗中,該 環孢菌素之ICso與環孢菌素A之IC50之比率以10為底數之 對數值;及(ii)在混合淋巴細胞反應中之活性不多於環孢 菌素A之5。/〇 ’其中該環孢菌素為式Ia化合物或其醫藥學上 可接受性鹽類: W, X Y' z Q1-Ala<{D)Ala>MeLeu-MeLeu-MeVal— 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 la 其中 W'為 MeBmt、二氫-MeBmt 或 8·-羥基-MeBmt X為α胺基丁酸、纈胺酸、蘇胺酸、Nva或O-甲基蘇胺酸 (MeOThr); R'為Sar、(D)-甲基絲胺酸、(D)-甲基丙胺酸、或(D)-甲 基絲胺酸(氧乙醯基); Y'為曱基亮胺酸、γ-羥基-曱基亮胺酸、甲基異亮胺酸、 甲基類胺酸、曱基蘇胺酸、曱基丙胺酸、Mealle或 MeaThr、N-乙基纈胺酸、N-乙基異亮胺酸、N-乙基蘇胺 酸、N-乙基苯丙胺酸、N-乙基酪胺酸或N-乙基蘇胺酸(氧 乙醯基) Z為顯胺酸、亮胺酸、甲基绳胺酸或甲基亮胺酸,及 Q'為曱基亮胺酸、γ-羥基-甲基亮胺酸或曱基丙胺酸。 95729-990823.doc 1342782 2‘如請求項k非免疫抑制性環孢菌素在製備醫藥組合物 中之用途,該組合物係用於抑制HCV複製。 3·如請求項!之非免疫抑制性環孢菌素在製備醫藥組合物 中之用途’該組合物用於預防移植物接受 染復發。 2 4. 如請求項1之用途,其令 環抱菌素連同其一或多種醫/了^物包括如請求項1之 5. 如請求項!之用迚,接受性稀釋劑或載劑。 立^、 其㈣W藥组合物為—種醫藥植合, 其包括a)—種如請求 -樂,“ Ab)-m -0 ^ 我孢威素之第一製劑, 及)種選自具有抗-HCV特性之心, 免疫調節劑或s]PA_4i 之裊砌 '抗-纖維化製劑、 N次S1P文體拮抗劑之 6.如請求項5之田a * 。&劑。 、之用述,其t該聯 聯合製劑。 衣^马具有杬-HC V特性之 95729-990823.doc 1342782 第093126578號專利申請案 中文圖式替換頁(99年8月) E m · F NS5A 對照 PDINS5A NS5B β-肌動蛋白 G100000m•4'. (v§slw繫W一 ·0/錄谇羥 WI 锬一IHSACJH100 0 03 1«5 2 濃度(微克/毫升) 2·5 3 _ [甲基異亮胺酸]4-環孢菌素 *非結合環孢素Λ受體之環孢菌素 圖2 95729-990823.doc
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| ZA (1) | ZA200601550B (zh) |
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