TWI229661B - Low surface acidity PGM catalysts - Google Patents
Low surface acidity PGM catalysts Download PDFInfo
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- TWI229661B TWI229661B TW091117173A TW91117173A TWI229661B TW I229661 B TWI229661 B TW I229661B TW 091117173 A TW091117173 A TW 091117173A TW 91117173 A TW91117173 A TW 91117173A TW I229661 B TWI229661 B TW I229661B
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- Prior art keywords
- oxide
- catalyst
- metal
- support material
- chlorine
- Prior art date
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical group [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical group O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N digallium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ga+3].[Ga+3] AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001195 gallium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxogermanium Chemical compound [Ge]=O PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000449 hafnium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(4+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Hf+4] WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910002846 Pt–Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910026161 MgAl2O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910021626 Tin(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000011150 stannous chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- AXZWODMDQAVCJE-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(II) chloride (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Sn+2] AXZWODMDQAVCJE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 platinum group metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005839 oxidative dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JGSSBWAWLXYSMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-7,9-dihydro-3h-purine-2,6,8-trione Chemical compound O=C1N(Cl)C(=O)NC2=C1NC(=O)N2 JGSSBWAWLXYSMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCSXGCZMEPXKIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-4-[(4-methyl-2-nitrophenyl)diazenyl]-N-(3-nitrophenyl)naphthalene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound Cc1ccc(N=Nc2c(O)c(cc3ccccc23)C(=O)Nc2cccc(c2)[N+]([O-])=O)c(c1)[N+]([O-])=O MCSXGCZMEPXKIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical group CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 101100289061 Drosophila melanogaster lili gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical group OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019032 PtCl2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007259 addition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001038 basic metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTEXIPZMMDUXMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene;ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O.C1=CC=CC=C1 RTEXIPZMMDUXMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021480 group 4 element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001459 mortal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AAIMUHANAAXZIF-UHFFFAOYSA-L platinum(2+);sulfite Chemical compound [Pt+2].[O-]S([O-])=O AAIMUHANAAXZIF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
- B01J37/0205—Impregnation in several steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
- B01J23/62—Platinum group metals with gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin or lead
- B01J23/622—Platinum group metals with gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin or lead with germanium, tin or lead
- B01J23/626—Platinum group metals with gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin or lead with germanium, tin or lead with tin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
- B01J23/63—Platinum group metals with rare earths or actinides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
- C07C5/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by hydrogenation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
- C07C5/32—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with formation of free hydrogen
- C07C5/321—Catalytic processes
- C07C5/324—Catalytic processes with metals
- C07C5/325—Catalytic processes with metals of the platinum group
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
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Description
1229661 五、發明說明(1) 本發明係關於改良之觸媒,特別是有關適合烴之脫氫 化及氫化之改良支撐觸媒,及其製法。 用於烴之脫氫化及氫化之已知觸媒中,最有效爲藉由 將鉑族金屬(PGM)及得自週期表第IV族之元素支撐在高 表面積金屬氧化物撐體上者。PGM及第IV族元素良好 地交互分散於撐體表面上爲重要的。爲了完成之,需要 使用適當之先質,其在熱處理生成材料以形成活性觸媒 之前,如溶液應用於撐體上。實際上,因爲許多可得先 質之低溶解度及不良之相互互溶性,難以得到所需之高 交互分散性。氯鹽經常爲實際使用上之唯一先質。然 而,使用氯鹽對觸媒具有有害之影響。撐體表面上之氯 離子可造成不欲反應發生,如異構化、碳沈積及甲烷形 成。爲了解決此問題,高表面積撐體經常含偶發之電子 吸弓丨(酸性)物種或位置,其可具有如氯離子之相同有害 影響。 EP 0 1 663 5 9專利揭示一種使用蒸氣活化觸媒將含異丁 烷、正丁烷與丁二烯之進料脫氫之方法。其敘述三型觸 媒,其均以高煅燒尖晶石撐體爲主。第一型觸媒藉由將 撐體浸以PGM溶液而製造,例如,氯-鉑酸;第二型觸 媒包括進一步以第IA族金屬溶液浸漬;及第三型增加 進一步以錫、鍺或鉛之溶液浸漬。含氯溶液較佳。浸漬 處理可以任何次序或一次進行。 EP 0 0 946 84專利揭示一種將貴重金屬觸媒應用於撐體 上,使得金屬僅維持在撐體表面上之方法。據稱其藉由 1229661 五、 發明說明 ( 2; 以 亞 硫 酸 鉑 錯 合 物 浸 漬 而 完 成 0 較 佳撐體 包 括 銘 酸 鋅 〇 如 此 製 備 之 觸 媒 適 合 丁 烷 之 脫 氫 化 0 依 照 本 發 明 之 第 — 態 樣 適 合 烴 之脫氫 化 及 氫 化 之 觸 媒 包 括 結 合 支 撐 材料 之 至 少 —· 種 第 一金屬 與 至 少 一 種 第 二 金 屬 其 中 至 :少- -種第- -金屬包括至: 少 一 種 CJH. 過 渡 金 屬 及 其 中 撐 體 材料 具 有 上 層 使得實質 上 阻 擋 支 撐 材 料 上 之 酸 性 位 置 〇 阻 擋 固 有 地 存在 於 例 如 , 金 屬 氧化物 撐 體 之 表 面 上 之 酸 性 位 置 改 良 觸 媒 之 選 擇 性 且 降低或 實 質 上 防 止 不 欲 側 反 應 之 發 生 〇 酸 性位 置 可使 烴 ,,破裂” > 產 生 不 欲 之 甲 院 而 且 亦 可 成 烴 形成芳 族 分 子,其 依 序 可 因 在 觸 媒 上 形 成 碳 沈 積 而 造 成快 速 觸 媒 鈍 化。此 觸 媒 鈍 化 過 程 已 知 爲 ’丨煉焦-丨 〇 相 對 地 在 EP 01 66359 : 專: 利 中 並無成 分 應 浸 漬 於 撐 體 上 之 指 定 次 序 0 其 並 未 教 示 上 層 之形成 , 因 此 仍 可 得 撐 體 之 酸 性位 置 而 干 擾 催 化 反 應 〇 在 較 佳 具 體 實 施 例 中 > 觸 媒 實 質 上無氯 〇 如 此 製 造 之 觸 媒 改 良 選 擇 性 使 不欲反 應 產 物 之 產 生 最 少 0 除 了 將 所 需 產 物 之 產 率 最 適 化,改 良 之 进 擇 性 減 少 煉 焦 造 成 顯 著 增加 之 觸 媒 壽 命 。使用 依 照 本 發 明 之 觸 媒 而 受 益 之 方 法 之 實 例 爲 乙 烷 脫 氫成爲 乙 烯 〇 巨 刖 最 新 技 藝 之 ,支 :撐 PGM 觸 媒 產 生 .遠 〖比乙烯大量之: 不 欲 甲 院 而 使 用 本 發 明 之 觸 媒 > 主 要 之 產物爲 乙 烯 〇 其 實 際 及 經 濟 優 點 爲 明 確 的 0 - 4- 1229661 五、發明說明(3) 經常在烴之催化脫氫化及氫化之過程時(例如,參見 EP 0 1 6 63 5 9專利),加入蒸氣以抑制使觸媒無效之碳形 成。蒸氣產生消耗能量,因此進一步增加方法之成本及 複雜性。本發明之觸媒之其他優點爲使此方法不需要蒸 氣。 依照本發明之第二態樣,一種製造適合用於烴之脫氫 化及氫化之觸媒之方法包括以下步驟: (a) 以上層先質之溶液接觸撐體材料, (b) 將撐體材料乾燥及煅燒以形成上層, (c) 以至少一種第一金屬先質與至少一種第二金屬先 質之溶液接觸經煅燒支撐材料;及 (d) 將如此處理之支撐材料乾燥及燬燒以形成觸媒; 其中上層包括此支撐材料更爲鹼性之金屬氧化物,使得 實質上阻擋支撐材料上之酸性位置。 較佳爲,上層比支撐材料更爲鹼性,而且更佳爲上層 爲實質上非酸性。適當地,上層包括氧化錫、氧化鍺、 氧化鉛、氧化銅、氧化鋅、氧化鎵、氧化鑭、氧化鋇、 或其任何混合物之層。在較佳具體實施例中,上層包含 一層氧化錫。上層可由上層先質之溶液沈積,其可包括 所需金屬之任何可溶性鹽。例如,SnCl2 · 2H20於氫氯 酸之溶液適合作爲用於形成氧化錫上層之上層先質。在 浸於溶液約2小時後,支撐材料在空氣中在約5 0 0 t煅 燒4 - 8小時前,可在空氣中乾燥,例如,在i 2 〇 °C約 8 -1 2小時。這些處理時間及溫度並非指定性,而且可由 1229661 五、發明說明(4) 熟悉此技藝者改變而不背離本發明之範圍。 已知鉑族金屬在催化烴之脫氫化及氫化特別有效,而 且較佳爲,至少一種第一金屬包括選自:鈷、鈀、铑、 釕 '銥、與餓之過渡金屬。適當地,至少一種第一金屬 先質爲鉑、鈀、鍺、釕、銥、與餓之鹽。 較佳爲,至少一種第二金屬爲錫,雖然亦可使用鍺、 鉛、鎵、銅、鋅、銻、與鉍。較佳爲,至少一種第二金 屬先質包括錫、鍺'鉛、鎵、銅、鋅、銻、或鉍之鹽, 以錫之鹽特佳。 在本發明之一些具體實施例中,第二金屬可與用以形 成上層者相同。例如,氧化錫上層可使用包括錫之第二 金屬。應了解,例如,兩種錫來源之功能不同。如前所 述,上層阻擋撐體上之酸性位置以防止不欲側反應,而 第二金屬增強過渡金屬(例如,鉑)之催化活性。 將第一金屬與第二金屬由相同溶液共沈積最爲簡單, 因爲如此需要較少之方法步驟。如果僅使用單一溶液則 亦爲有益的,金屬物種之交互分散改良。然而,如果需 要,顯然可使用各物種之個別溶液,雖然如此製造之觸 媒可能較不有效。 較佳爲,至少一種第一金屬先質與至少一種第二金屬 先質之溶液無氯。更佳爲,至少一種第一金屬先質包括 陰離子性羧酸基,例如,乙酸基、草酸基、或酒石酸 基,及至少一種第二金屬先質包括BF4_之陰離子。 在特佳具體實施例中,至少一種第一金屬先質與至少 1229661 五、 發明說明 ( 5) —^ 種 第 二 金 屬 先質之溶液包括K2[Pt(C2 04)2]及 Sn(BF4)2 於 檸 檬 酸 水 溶 液中。 使 用 bf4 一造成在觸媒表面上形成BF _錯合物離子。 據 信 這 1¾ 錯 合 物 離子在氫去除及氫加成反 應中具有以下 之 有 益 效 果 : ⑴其 產 生 負 電性環境,如此促進所需 產物之解附, 及 (ii)其阻礙造成碳沈積在觸媒上(煉焦 )之側反應發生。 較 佳 爲 支 撐材料爲金屬或非金屬之 氧化物、碳化 物 或 硫 化 物 至 少 之一;碳;或其固態溶液 之任何混合物 Ο 更 佳 爲 支 撐 材料爲至少一種選自:氧 化鋁、尖晶石 矽 石 氧 化 鎂 、氧化钍、氧化鉻、與氧 化鈦之金屬氧 化 物 〇 如 果 需 要 ,可經如水滑石之礦物之 熱處理得到適 當 氧 化 物 〇 支 撐 材 料 可 爲任何物理形式,但是爲 了使活性表面 積 最 大 , 其 較 佳 爲細微分割形式。在一個 具體實施例中 > 撐 體 可 形 成 作 爲淸洗塗料之漿液,以對 任何適當之結 構 形 成 觸 媒 塗 層 ,例如,大塊陶瓷、金屬或其他固態 結 構 〇 如 果 需 要 5 觸媒更可包括觸媒促進劑 。適當之觸媒 促 進 劑 包 括 鹼 金 屬;鋰、鈉、鉀、鉚、與 鉋。觸媒促進 劑 可 經 分 別 之 處 理步驟加入觸媒,例如, 藉由以鹼金屬 處 理 > 然 而 較 佳爲將觸媒促進劑如陽離 子加入至少一 種 第 一 金 屬 先 質 。例如,在使用K2[Pt(c2 〇4)2]作爲第一 金 屬 先 質 時 1 加 入鉀作爲觸媒促進劑。除 -7- 了進一步降低 觸 1229661
五、發明說明(6) 媒之總酸性,作爲觸媒促進劑之鹼金屬之存在可阻擋金 屬表面上對不欲側反應爲活性之位置。 本發明之觸媒適合用於任何烴物種之氫化及脫氫化。 一些非限制實例包括氫化反應,如將不飽和烴轉化成爲 較不飽和或完全飽和烴;及脫氫反應,如將乙烷轉化爲 乙烯、丙烷轉化爲丙烯、異丁烷轉化爲異丁烯、或乙基 苯轉化爲苯乙烯。反應物烴可以純形式提供,以如氮或 氫之稀釋劑運送,或組合空氣或氧,或爲此技藝已知之 任何方式。 本發明現在僅藉實例敘述。 實例1 f標竿觸媒之製備,非依照本發明) 藉由以混合氯鈾酸與氯化錫(Π )之酸化溶液而形成之 錯合物水溶液浸漬r -Al2〇3,製備具1.5%Pt-1.5%Sn/ Al2〇3 之公稱組成物(重量比)之觸媒(使用FC Wilhelm於美國 專利3 99 8 900揭示之方法)。將生成材料乾燥(1 10°C ;空 氣;24小時)及煅燒(50(TC ;空氣;2小時)。 實例2 (製備亦尖晶石撐體上具有氧化錫上層之Pt-Sn觸媒) 藉由(i)形成鋁酸鎂尖晶石,(ii)在尖晶石上沈積氧化 錫上層,(丨⑴以Pt-Sn錯合物浸漬’而製備10克具有 1 .5%Pt-l .5%Sn/ 7.5%Sn-MgAl204 之公稱組成物之觸媒。 其細節爲,將17.95克Mg(N03)2 · 6H20與5 2.5 2克 Al(N〇3)3 · 9H20溶於ldm3去離子水中。藉由力口入NH4OH 1229661 五、發明說明(7) 水溶液將溶液之pH調整至1 〇。如此造成白色沈澱形 成,將其隔離且以熱去離子水淸洗數次以去除任何殘餘 NH4OH。固體在空氣中在12CTC乾燥8小時,最後在空 氣中在800 °C煅燒16小時。此固體之X-射線繞射分析 證實已形成MgAl204。在〇°C將1.5克SnCl2 · 2H20溶於 6立方公分HC1之0.1M水溶液,及以MgAl204接觸2 小時。此材料在空氣中在1 2 0 °C乾燥8小時,繼而在空 氣中在500°C煅燒4小時。在〇°C將0.29克SnCl2 · 2H20 溶於6立方公分HC1之0.1M水溶液。將0.38克氯鉑酸 加入酸化SnCl2· 2H20 ,及溶液產生與[PtCl2(SnCl3)2]2· 錯合物形成一致之深紅色。此溶液在空氣中在120 °C乾 燥8小時前,以7.5%Sn- MgAl204材料接觸2小時。在 空氣中在50CTC煅燒4小時產生最終觸媒。 實例3 (製備在氧化,鋁撐體b含Pt-Sri之無氯觸媒) 藉由以已由Pt之非氯化物先質與Sn之非氯化物先質 形成之Pt-Sn錯合物浸漬低酸性氧化鋁(Θ- Al2〇3),製備 5克具有1.5%Pt-1.5%Sn/0-Al2O3之公稱組成物之觸媒。 其細節爲,5克Θ-Α1203在空氣中在3 00°C乾燥,及 在乾燥箱中冷卻至室溫以確定完成孔結構之排氣。將 〇·18克K2[PtD (C204)2]加入7立方公分之100克I·1檸檬 酸水溶液,及加溫直到形成之溶液爲萊姆綠色。 將0.38克Sn(BF4)2(50%水溶液)加入此溶液且見到發 生暗紅色。使溶液冷卻至室溫,及在空氣中在12(TC乾 1229661 五、發明說明(8) 燥過夜前,以撐體接觸2小時,並且在空氣中在500 °C 煅燒4小時。 實例4 (製備在尖晶石撐體t含Pt-Sn之無氯觸媒) 藉由形成鋁酸鎂尖晶石(如實例2所述),然後以無氯 Pt-Sn錯合物浸漬之(如實例3所述),製備5克具有 1.5°/〇Pt-1.5%Sn/MgAl204之公稱組成物之觸媒。經浸漬尖 晶石在空氣中在120°C乾燥8小時,並且在空氣中在500°C 煅燒4小時。 實例5 (觸媒之性能) 使用 BM Maunders 與 SR Partington 於 WO 9405608 專利揭示之用於乙烷脫氫化之方法測試觸媒,其中脫氫 化觸媒組合氫去除材料。氫去除材料之存在意圖增加乙 烯之產率,以高於在使順向(脫氫化)與反向(再氫化)反 應達到平衡時通常達到之値。 在各試驗中,將1克觸媒混合3克氫去除材料。將混 合物充塡至圓柱形反應器中,將其加熱至50(TC。使乙 烷之未稀釋流動(20立方公分分鐘β1)通過反應器2分 鐘,此時收集所有離開之氣體及分析。重複此步驟直到 氫儲存材料變爲飽和,及乙烯產率回到正常平衡値(在 5 00 °C爲3.7 5%)。氫儲存材料可藉由使空氣通過反應器 而再生。 表1顯示依照本發明之各觸媒(實例2至4)及先行技 -10- 1229661 五、發明說明(9) 藝觸媒(實例1)之乙烷莫耳轉化率,乙烯莫耳選擇性, 及莫耳產率。此値基於在氫去除材料飽和前及其已再生 後,數個對乙烷暴露2分鐘而平均。在所有之情形,乙 烯產率超過公稱平衡產率。雖然先行技藝觸媒(實例1) 就轉化百分比而言爲最活性,其浪費大部份之乙烷而轉 化成爲甲烷。依照本發明之各調配物顯示實質上較高之 乙烯選擇性,而且最選擇性爲藉由以無氯Pt-Sn錯合物 浸漬低酸支撐材料而製造之觸媒(實例3)。 表1 :乙烷脫氫化 觸媒 轉化% 乙烯選擇性% 乙烯產率% 實例U先行技藝) 49 11 5.5 實例2 26 71 18 實例3 25 80 20 實例4 19 84 16 實例6 層上具有氣化鑭夕觸媒 依照實例1製備具有l%Pt-l%Sn/ Al2〇3之標竿觸媒(非 依照本發明)。以類似方式製備依照本發明之其他觸 媒’但是使用其上已沈積La203以形成上層之氧化鋁撐 體。此觸媒之公稱組成物爲l%Pt-l%Sn/10% La203/ Al2〇3 。 在浸漬後,觸媒在空氣中在500°C煆燒2小時前,在空 氣中在10(TC乾燥24小時。 使用 S.E.Goulnski 與 J.W.Hayes 於 EP 063 8 5 34 B1 專 利揭示之烷屬烴之氧化脫氫化測試兩種觸媒。在5 00t -11- 1229661 五、發明說明(1〇) 溫度之異丁烷(50立方公分分鐘’通過充塡0.5克觸媒 之圓柱形反應器。在在脫氫開始,觸媒床溫度開始下降 時,將恰爲足夠之空氣加入異丁烷以得到熱中性操作 (即,床溫=氣體入口溫度)。 在2分鐘氧化脫氫後,在進行第一測量時,標竿觸媒 及具有La20 3上層之觸媒之異丁烯產率相同(30%) ° $ 而,標竿觸媒之後續鈍化速率較高。標竿觸媒花胃9() 分鐘使異丁烯產率由3 0 %下降至20%,但是具有La2〇3 上層之觸媒對於相同量鈍化花費兩倍長之時間° -12-
Claims (1)
1229661 9aii.29 年月日& &__補充 ___六、申請專利範圍 第9 1 1 1 7 1 7 3號「低表面酸性鉑族金屬觸媒」專利案 (93年11月修正) 六申請專利範圍·· 1. 一種適合烴之脫氫之觸媒,其係由一種包含以下步驟 的方法所獲得者: (a) 以無氯的上層先質之溶液接觸支撐材料,其中 該上層先質係選自由氧化錫、氧化鍺、氧化鉛、氧 化銅、氧化鋅、氧化鎵、氧化鑭、氧化鋇及其任兩 種或多種的混合物所組成族群; (b) 將支撐材料乾燥及煅燒以形成上層; (c) 以一含有至少一種無氯的第一金屬先質與至少 一種無氯的第二金屬先質之溶液接觸經煅燒的支撐材 料,其中該第一金屬先質係選自由鉑、鈀、鍺、釕、 銥、餓及其任兩種或多種的混合物所組成族群,該第 二金屬先質係選自由錫、鍺、鉛、鎵、銅、鋅、銻、 鉍及其任兩種或多種的混合物所組成族群;及 (d) 將來自步驟(c)的支撐材料乾燥及煅燒以形成觸 媒; 其中上層包括比支撐材料更爲鹼性之金屬氧化物,俾 實質上阻擋支撐材料上之酸性位置。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之觸媒,其中支撐材料包括 至少一種金屬或非金屬之氧化物、碳化物或硫化物 ;碳;或其任何混合物或固溶體。 1229661 六、申請專利範圍 3·如申請專利範圍第 2項之觸媒,其中支撐材料包括 至少一種選自由氧化鋁、尖晶石、矽石、氧化鎂、 氧化钍、氧化鉻、氧化欽及其任兩種或多種的混合 物所組成族群之金屬氧化物。 4. 如申請專利範圍第1項之觸媒,其更包括觸媒促進 劑。 5. 如申請專利範圍第 4項之觸媒,其中觸媒促進劑包 括鹼金屬。 6. —種製造適合用於烴之脫氫的觸媒之方法,其包括 以下步驟: (a) 以無氯的上層先質之溶液接觸支撐材料,其中 該上層先質係選自由氧化錫、氧化鍺、氧化鉛、氧 化銅、氧化鋅、氧化鎵、氧化鑭、氧化鋇及其任兩 種或多種的混合物所組成族群; (b) 將支撐材料乾燥及煅燒以形成上層; (c) 以至少一種無氯的第一金屬先質與至少一種無 氯的第二金屬先質之溶液接觸經煅燒的支撐材料, 其中該至少一種無氯的第一金屬先質係選自由鉑、 鈀、铑、釕、銥或餓所組成族群的金屬之鹽,該至 少一種無氯的第二金屬先質係選自由錫、鍺、鉛、 鎵、銅、鋅、銻或鉍所組成族群的金屬之鹽;及 (d )將來自步驟(c )的支撐材料乾燥及煅燒以形成 觸媒; 其中上層包括比支撐材料更爲鹼性之金屬氧化物, 1229661 六、申請專利範圍 俾實質上阻擋支撐材料上之酸性位置。 7. 如申請專利範圍第 6項之方法,其中該至少一種無 氯的第一金屬先質包括陰離子性羧酸基。 8. 如申請專利範圍第 6項之方法,其中該至少一種無 氯的第二金屬先質包括BF4’之陰離子。 9·如申請專利範圍第 6項之方法,其中該至少一種無 氯的第一金屬先質與該至少一種無氯的第二金屬先 質之溶液包括K2[Pt(C204 ) 2 ]及Sn(BF4)2於檸檬酸水 溶液中。 10· —種烴之脫氫方法,包括使該烴接觸如申請專利範 圍第1至5項中任一項之觸媒。
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| US3998900A (en) | 1973-03-05 | 1976-12-21 | Universal Oil Products Company | Dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons with a multimetallic catalytic composite |
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| FR2755378B1 (fr) * | 1996-11-07 | 1999-01-08 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Catalyseurs d'hydrogenation selective contenant du palladium et au moins un metal du groupe iva |
| US6177381B1 (en) * | 1998-11-03 | 2001-01-23 | Uop Llc | Layered catalyst composition and processes for preparing and using the composition |
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| US6486370B1 (en) * | 2001-06-22 | 2002-11-26 | Uop Llc | Dehydrogenation process using layered catalyst composition |
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2001
- 2001-08-08 GB GBGB0119327.5A patent/GB0119327D0/en not_active Ceased
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2002
- 2002-07-15 CA CA002456530A patent/CA2456530A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-07-15 WO PCT/GB2002/003218 patent/WO2003013728A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-07-15 US US10/486,622 patent/US7375049B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-15 KR KR1020047002025A patent/KR100890770B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-15 EP EP02745621.9A patent/EP1414570B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-15 JP JP2003518721A patent/JP4391230B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-15 AU AU2002317336A patent/AU2002317336A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-07-31 TW TW091117173A patent/TWI229661B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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|---|---|
| AU2002317336A1 (en) | 2003-02-24 |
| GB0119327D0 (en) | 2001-10-03 |
| KR100890770B1 (ko) | 2009-03-31 |
| KR20040027888A (ko) | 2004-04-01 |
| EP1414570B1 (en) | 2014-09-03 |
| WO2003013728A2 (en) | 2003-02-20 |
| JP4391230B2 (ja) | 2009-12-24 |
| WO2003013728A3 (en) | 2003-04-24 |
| US7375049B2 (en) | 2008-05-20 |
| US20040266612A1 (en) | 2004-12-30 |
| EP1414570A2 (en) | 2004-05-06 |
| NO20040556L (no) | 2004-02-27 |
| JP2004537407A (ja) | 2004-12-16 |
| CA2456530A1 (en) | 2003-02-20 |
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