TW577753B - Stable insulin formulations - Google Patents
Stable insulin formulations Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW577753B TW577753B TW087109241A TW87109241A TW577753B TW 577753 B TW577753 B TW 577753B TW 087109241 A TW087109241 A TW 087109241A TW 87109241 A TW87109241 A TW 87109241A TW 577753 B TW577753 B TW 577753B
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- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- formulation
- insulin
- human insulin
- patent application
- scope
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- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011287 therapeutic dose Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
577753 A7 ____ B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(1 ) 本發明係於人類醫藥之領域,特別地於治療糖尿病及高 血糖症之領域,藉由投予單體胰島素類似物。更特定言之 ,本發明係有關當暴露於高之機械能輸入及高溫時,具優 越之長期物理穩定性之單體胰島素類似物之調配物。 穩定之治療劑調配物特別爲供暴露此等之劑於提高之溫 度及/或機械應力之輸送裝置之使用所須。例如,穩定之胰 島素調配物爲連續輸注系統及開放式輸送裝置使用所須。 目前之調配物於此等類型之輸送裝置只提供有限之穩定性。 於連續之輸注系統中,將會治療劑之流體自辟存器泵抽 ’通常至皮下,靜脈内或腹膜内貯積處。貯存器,其必須 週期性再充填,黏附於患者之身體,或植入患者身體。於 兩者之情形,患者之體熱及身體移動,加上管子與泵中之 黏亂流,賦予調配物相當高量之熱_機械能。於減再充填貯 存器爲減少貯存器之尺寸方面,具相對高濃度之治療劑之 调配物爲很有利的。 Massey 及 Sheliga,美國專利第 4 839,341 號(mi Lilly and Company,1989)討論涉及提供穩定之胰島素調配物供連續輸 注用之挑戰,及提供至約1984年之整個技藝之综論。此挑 戰於目前甚至更大,由於現在要求可穩定個月之胰島 素調配物。 已開發注射筆幫助糖尿病之測量及投予正確且控制劑量 之胰島素。一般,此等筆在具有特定量之密封於其中之液 體藥劑<藥筒上得到保証。藥筒包含柱塞及供將柱塞於藥 筒中往前推以分配該藥劑之機制。注射筆可再利用或拋棄 本紙張尺度適财關家標A4規格(2ΙΟΤΓ97公釐"7 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 衣· 、11
I - HI 577753 經滴部中央標隼局員工消費合作社印^ A7 B7 五、發明説明(2 ) 式。於可再利用之注射筆中,使用者可更換用過之藥筒, 再將筆之鉛螺施重調回其最初位置。於拋棄式筆,將藥筒 永久性地捕捉於筆中,其於藥筒之内容物用盡後可拋棄。 將用於此等筆中之胰島素調配物暴露於物理應力時,通常 觀察到有限之穩定性。 引入新穎之單體胰島素類似物治療糖尿病,必須使用此 等化合物於可妥協調配物之固有之穩定性之療法。快速作 用之騰島素’已知爲單體胰島素類似物,熟知於技藝,且 揭不於Chance等,美國專利第5,^4646號G"6,大7公告); Chance等’美國申請案編號第〇8/255,297號;Brems等, Protein Engineering,6 : 527-533(1992) ; Brange等,EPO 公告 弟 214,826號(1987,3,18公告)及 Brange等,Current Opinion in
Structural Biology 1 : 93‘94〇(1991)。單體胰島素類似物之吸 收比騰島素快得多,且理想地適宜於須其之患者中供餐後 控制血糖水準。彼等尤其適宜連續輸注投藥供餐饍及基礎 控制血糖水準,由於彼等自投予部位快速吸收。 不幸地’單體騰島素類似物調配物具聚積之傾向,且當 暴露於墊熱機械應力時變成不穩定[Bakaysa等,美國專利 第5,474,978號(1995, 12, 12公告)。聚集甚至以較高次之胰島 素物種之沉澱表示。以此方式,聚集可阻止有效治療劑量 之單體胰島素類似物之再現性的輸送,且亦於投予部位造 成刺激’或更系統性免疫學反應。胰島素類似物調配物抗 聚集之穩定性爲所期望的。 供用於連續輸注系統之單體胰島素類似物之調配物必須 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 、v't> 577753
經濟部中央標準局負工消費合作社印$J Α7 Β7 五、發明説明(3 ) 保持可溶,且實質上無聚集作用,即使受到患者之體熱及 運動亦然,歷範園由幾天至數個月之期間。不穩定之促進 藉由爲連續輸注系統所須之較高蛋白濃度及調配物所暴露 於連續輸 >王系统之熱-機械應力。因此,濃的胰島素類似物 調配物之物理與化學穩定性之增進爲急需以容許彼等成功 地用於連續輸注系統。單體胰島素調配物用於連續輸注以 外之穩定性之增進亦爲有利的。 快速作用之單體胰島素類似物之穩定之調配物爲已知。 Bakaysa等’美國案利第5,474,978號揭示且提出專利申請人 類胰島素類似物複合物包含6分子之人類胰島素類似物(六 聚體複合物)、2個Zn原子及至少3分子之酚系防腐劑,合 六體複合物之調配物及藉投予該調配物治療糖尿病之方法 ° Bakaysa等亦提出專利申請另含等張劑及生理上可耐受之 緩衝劑之六體複合物之調配物。 美國專利第5,474,978號之專利説明書揭示單體胰島素類似 物之Zn複合物可於,,生理上可耐受之緩衝劑"存在下調配於 上述供用於碉配物中之緩衝劑中,有磷酸鈉、乙酸鈉、擰 檬酸鋼及TRIS。於美國專利第5,474,978號中之實例只描述 其中緩衝劑爲磷酸鈉之調配物,且於申請專利範園(申請專 利範園第5項)中只須安鱗酸鈉緩衝劑。於美國專利第 5,474,978號中並無實例特別揭示用TRIS緩衝劑於Ζ η-單體胰 島素類似物複合物之調配物中。 亦已開發含精蛋白之單體胰島素類似物調配物,於使用 後產生中等之作用期間。單體胰島素類似物調配物述於美 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) μ規格(210Χ297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意_事項再填寫本頁)
、1T 577753 經满部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 Β7 五、發明説明(4 ) 國專利第5,461,031號。以碱性肽精蛋白將單體胰島素類似 物結晶,產生中性精蛋白懸浮液之方法已知於技藝。此外 ,可製備含單體胰島素類似物溶液及單體胰島素類似物一 精蛋白懸浮液之兩相混合物。此等混合物具最佳之類似物 之作用時間性質,及基本活性之混合。單體胰島素類似物 混合物亦述於美國專利第5,461,031號。 單體胰島素類似物-精蛋白懸浮液調配物及兩相混合物, 適且用於藥筒容器。但由於此等裝置須患者不斷的操作, 造成對製劑增加壓力。精蛋白鹽調配物,當暴露於熱機械 應力時,尤其具有限之穩定性。因此,須開發穩定之中等 作用之單體胰島素類似物-精蛋白調配物及兩相混合物調配 物0 。等現已發現當除了磷酸鹽外,某些生理上可耐受之緩 衝劑用於Ζ η -單體胰島素類似物複合物之調配物、精蛋白 鹽調配物或單體胰島素類似物之兩相混合物時,調配物之 物理穩定性出乎意料地且相當大於使用磷酸鹽緩衝液時。 最有利的爲吾等之發現,Ζη-單體胰島素類似物複合物與 磷酸鹽緩衝劑之可溶性調配物,如那些特別例示於美國專 利第5,474,978號者,並非物理上足夠穩定供使用連續輸注 栗抽系統之長期投藥用,而由本發明提供之可溶性調配物 ’充分穩定且安全地供長期之胰島素輸注使用。吾等亦發 現添加精胺酸至單體胰島素類似物之精蛋白鹽調配物,造 成調配物之化學與物理穩定性劇烈增加。 於是’本發明提供一溶液調配物,其包含生理上可耐受 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210Χ 297公釐) ----H0I — (請先閲讀背面之注意_事項再填寫本頁) 、1Τ
Aw. 577753 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(5 ) 之緩衝劑選自TRIS及L -精胺酸及包含下列之單體胰島素類 似物六聚體複合物: 6分子之人類胰島素類似物,其中人類胰島素類似物選自 其中於B28位之Pro以Asp、Lys、Leu、Val或Ala取代及於B29 位之Lys爲Lys或Pro之人類胰島素,
AlaB26-人類胰島素, 脱(B28-B30)·人類胰島素,及 脱(B27)-人類胰島素; 2個Zn離子; 及至少3個分子之酚系防腐劑選自氣甲酚、間甲酚、 酚及其混合物。 本發明亦包括令下列之胰島素類似物-精蛋白調配物: 單體胰島素類似物選自下列: 人類胰島素其中於B28位之Pro以Asp、Lys、Leu、Val 或Ala取代及於B29位之Lys爲Lys或Pro ;
Ala B26-人類胰島素; 脱(B28-B30)-人類胰島;及 脱(B27)-人類胰島素素; 酚系選自下列:氣甲酚、間甲酚、酚及其混合物; 精蛋白;Zn ;及L-精胺酸。 本發明另提供使用胰島素類似物調配物於須其之患者中 治療糖尿病及血糖過多症,其包括投以本發明之穩定調配 物予患者。 爲了本發明之目的,當本文揭示及提出專利申請時,下 -8 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X 297公釐) ϋϋ ·111 ——^1 ϋ^—4 ml m n (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 丁 經满部中央標準局員工消費合作社印臀 577753 A7 ________B7____ 五、發明説明(6 ) 面用詞及縮寫具下列意義。 用詞”投予"意即將本發明調配物引入須其之患者之身體 ,治療疾病或情況。 動詞”聚集”之各種形式係指藉以將個別之分子或複合物 締合形成聚集物之過程。聚集物爲含單體胰島素類似物之 分子或複合物之多聚體聚合。爲了本發明目的,單體胰島 素類似物六聚體非聚集物而爲複合物。單體胰島素類似物 及其穴聚體複合物,當暴露於熱機械應力時,有聚集之傾 向。聚集可進行至形成肉眼可見之沉澱物之程度。 用詞"L -精胺酸”係指天然產胺基酸及其任何藥理上可接 k之鹽。精胺酸亦已知於技藝爲1-胺基-4-狐基戊酸。精胺 酸容易形成鹽,如鹽酸鹽。 用詞”複合物,’意即其中過渡金屬配位於至少一個配位子 之化合物。配位子包括含N分子,於許多其他化合物外如 蛋白質、肽、胺基酸及TRIS。單體胰島素類似物可爲二價 Ζ η離子之配位子。 用詞”連續輸注系統”係指供連續腸外投予流體至患者歷 延長之一段時間,或供腸外間斷地投予流體至患者歷延長 之一段時間而在各次投予流體時並無建立新的投予部位之 裝置。流體含治療劑。裝置包括在輸注流體前供貯存流體 之貯存器、泵、套管、或其他經由栗連接貯存器至投予部 位之管子及調節泵之控制元件。裝置可組成供植入通常爲 皮下植入用。於此情形,胰島素貯存器通常使適合經皮再 充填用。明顯地,當裝置於植入式,貯存器中之内容物於 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210Χ297公釐) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) .参· 訂 577753 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作衽印製 A7 _______B7__ 五、發明説明(7 ) 體溫下且受到患者之身體運動。 11等張劑"爲生理上可耐受且賦予調配物適宜之張力以防 止水越過與調配物接觸之細胞膜之淨流動之化合物。化合 物如甘油,通常以已知濃度用於此等目的。其他可能之等 張劑包括鹽,如NaCl、葡萄糖及乳糖。 用詞"單體之人類胰島素類似物",”單體胰島素類似物’’ 及"人類胰島素類似物π熟知於技藝,且指快速作用之人類 胰島素類似物,其爲: 人類胰島素,其中於Β28位之Pro以Asp、Lys、Leu、Val或 Ala取代,及其中,於B29位之Lys爲Lys或以Pro取代;
AlaB26_人類胰島素 脱(B28-B3〇)_人類胰島素;及 脱(B27)·人類胰島素。 此等單體胰島素類似物揭示於Chance等,美國專利第 5,514,646號(1996, 5, 7公告);Chance等,美國專利申請案編 號第 08/255,297 號;Brems等,Protein Engineering,6 : 527· 583(1992) ; Brange等,EPO公告第 214,826號(1987, 3, 18公告) ;KBrange 等,Current Opinion in Structural Biology 1 : 934-940(1991)。將用於本調配物之單體胰島素類似物適當地交 聯適當交聯之胰島素類似物含3個二硫键:一個於A-鏈之7 位與B-鏈之7位之間,第二個於A-鏈之20位與B-鏈之19位 之間,及第3個於A-鏈之6與11位之間。 用詞"酚系防腐劑”當本文使用係指氯甲酚、間甲酚、酚 或其混合物。 -10- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Μ規格(210X 297公釐) ---------•衣------1Τ------0. (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 577753 五、發明説明(8 當本文使用,名詞"穩定性"係指單體胰島素 配物之物理穩定性。蛋白質調配物之物理不移〜物^凋 蛋白質分子聚集形成較高次之聚合物或甚至二物 。"穩定的"調配物爲其中之蛋白質聚集程度爲可接受地典 控制,且不隨時間而不能接受地増加。單體騰島素類似ς 凋配物當暴露於熱-機械應力時具聚集之傾向。物 之評估藉熟知於技藝之方法,包括樣品對紋視減弱^用 吸光度或光學密度)之敎。此種光減弱作用之測定有 配物之濁度。濁度之產生藉由調配物中之蛋白質或複合物 之聚集或沉澱產生。其他之評估物理穩定性之方法熟Ζ於 技藝。 、 用詞”治療”係指具糖尿病或血糖過高症之患者或指示須 投予胰島素之情況之處理及照顧供對抗或減輕那些情況之 症候群與併發症之目的。治療包括投予本發明調配物,防 止症候群與併發症之開始,減輕症候群或併發症,或消除 疾病’情況或疾患。 用詞’’TRIS”係指2_胺基-2-羥甲基_U_丙二醇及其任何醫 藥上可接受之鹽。自由態碱及鹽酸鹽形式爲TRIS之兩個一 般形式。TRIS亦已知於技藝爲參(經甲基)胺基甲燒 本發明提供之單體胰島素類似物之調配物具有比相對於 那些已知於技藝者大大增加之物理穩定性,此可自下面數 據容易地了解。 將含單體胰島素類似物、LysB28ProB29-人類騰島素類似物 及TRIS之調配物,實質上如本文實例3中所述製備,接受如 -11 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) - I -I - I -- .. *—1 ! ! I (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} 、1Τ 經滴部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 577753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(9 下述之加速之穩定度測試。將製備之調配物樣品置於預先 洗淨、2毫升容量、玻璃HPLC自動採樣小瓶内。各小瓶含3 個鐵弗龍®(Teflon®)球,直徑約3/16英寸。小瓶中之空氣完 全由調配物之樣品取代。密封後,以40 Hz(20 X g,平均線 性加速),以1 2毫米之峰對峰波幅及37°C下連續振搖小瓶, 於有利於聚集及物理不穩定性之溫度下,提供相對高水準 之機械能輸入於調配物。將小瓶置於振搖器上,以致彼等 之長維(亦即頂至底)朝向平行於線性加速之方向,亦即, 彼等之側面放在振搖器之表面上。對於胰島素調配物已顯 示於上述之加速條件下增加之穩定性與大大地增加之使用 時之穩定性有關。 樣品調配物與對照調配物於450貤之光學密度使用 Shimadzu 1201分光光度計測定對照調配物以如同樣品調配 物之方式製備,但貯放4°C而無攪拌。對於樣品計算=光學 密度,藉由將樣品之光學密度減去對照組之光學密度。表^ 中之値爲對於所提供之樣品數之平均淨光學密度及&伊準偏 差。含嶙酸鹽作爲緩衝劑(pH7.4±(U)之樣品及對^配物 ,實質上如實例4中所述製備。 ----.-----•衣-- (請先閲讀背面之注*.事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印掣
577753
五、發明説明(1〇) 表1 ·緩衝劑及於3 7°C下暴露於高機械能輸入對於LysB28pr〇B29 島素類似物度(於45〇腿之光學密度)之影響 --一於450mn之光學密度____ 16小時 70小時 100小時 500小時 實例3 0·02±0·01 〇·〇3±〇·〇2 0.01 ±0.01 0·04±0·01 (TRIS) η=5 η=5 η=5 η=4 實例4 0·81±0·71 N.D. N.D. N.D. (嶙酸鹽) η=5 N.D.=未測定 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 於上述條件下,具嶙酸鹽緩衝劑之調配物中之濁度與含 磷酸鹽,貯於4 °C無攪掉之對照調配物比較達到很高而於 1 6小時爲不能接受之程度(表1,實例4)。另一方面,具 TRIS作爲緩衝劑之光學密度保持實質上如同對照之含TRIS 之調配物(實例3 )者歷500小時。表1之數據明顯地証明於 LysB28Pr〇B29-人類胰島素類似物之調配物中之磷酸鹽緩衝劑 以TRIS緩衝劑取代,劇烈地增加調配物之穩定性。基於以 其他胰島素調配物之觀察,咸信於加速試驗中,單體胰島 素類似物於TRIS緩衝劑中之調配物之令人驚異且顯著之穩 定性可解釋成”使用時"之穩定性遠大於500小時,因於促進 試驗中之能量輸入大於預期之使用當中者。 含單體胰島素類似物、LysB28ProB29-人類胰島素類似物及 TRIS、磷酸鹽、或L -精胺酸作爲緩衝劑之調配物,實質上 分別如實例3、4及5中所述製備。將三批之LysB28ProB29-人 -13 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(2丨〇'〆297公釐) 577753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(11 ) 類胰島素類似物用來製備調配物。對各批類似物與緩衝劑 之各混合物,取6個樣品接受如上述之穩定性測試。用4個 不同之振搖器來賦予小瓶機械能。各振搖器具至少一個各 批與緩衝劑混合之樣品。調配物穩定性之評估週期性地藉 由如上述測定樣品與對照組之光學密度。結果示於表2。表 2之値爲對各批及緩衝劑之樣品之6個樣品之平均淨光學密度 爲標準偏差。 表2.緩衝劑、類似物之批次及於37°C下暴露於高機械能輸 入之時間對LysB2S -人類胰島素類似物調配物之濁度( ----Γ-----衣-- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經滴部中央標隼局賀工消費合作社印製 於450nm之光密度)之影響_ 緩衝劑 類似物 批次 於450nm之光密度 23小時 47小時 87小時 139小時 第1批 0.02±0.02 0.06±0·02 0.05 ±0.02 0.00±0.02 TRIS 第2批 0·00±0.01 0.04 ±0.02 0·03±0·01 0·00±0·02 第3批 0·02±0·02 0.05 ±0.03 0.04 ±0.03 0.01 ±0.02 第1批 0.01 ±0.02 0.04 ±0.02 0·04±0·02 2·12±1·03 精胺酸 第2批 0.01 ±0.02 0.04 土 0.02 0·06 士 0.08 1.80 土 0.06 第3批 0.00±0.02 0.03 ±0.02 1·84±0.66 N.D. 第1批 0.13 ±0.06 2.68±0.17 2·61±0·11 N.D. 磷酸鹽 第2批 0.21 ±0.24 2·14±0·75 2·75 土 0.14 N.D. 第3批 0.29 ±0.23 2·75±0·14 2·79±0·11 N.D.
、1T -14- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210X 297公釐) 經濟部中央標隼局貨工消費合作社印製 577753 A7 ______ B7 五、發明説明(12) 於上述條件下,具磷酸鹽緩衝劑之調配物之濁度達很高 ’及於23小時爲不能接受之程度,不管所用之胰島素類似 物之批次(表2)。對照地,具TRIS作爲緩衝劑之調配物中之 濁度,實質上歷139小時保持不變,不論所用之胰島素之批 次。含L-精胺酸緩衝劑之調配物,與含磷酸鹽之調配物比 較’註明較佳之穩定性,及彼等之穩定性期間多少依所用 之胰島素之批次而定。表2中之數據顯然証明含pH 7.4之 TRIS緩衝劑或L -精胺酸缓衝劑之LysB28ProB29_人類胰島素類 似物之調配物,比含磷酸鹽緩衝劑之調配維持抗聚集作用 之穩定性歷顯著更久之一段時間。再度成信單體胰島素類 似物於TRIS及於L _精胺酸緩衝劑中之調配物之令人驚異且 顯著之穩定性,可解釋成”使用時”之穩定性遠大於加速試 驗中所觀察者,由於能量輸入於加速試驗中比預期之使用 中時高。
LysB28Pr〇B29懸浮液調配物之對於形態學及外觀變化之易 感性藉由物理穩定性應力試驗(PSST)評估。於此熱機械法 中,製劑於具玻璃珠之固定體積容器中密封而無頂部空間 。將容器置於提南溫度(約37C)之室’以固定速度轉動(約 30 rpm)歷一定義之時間(約4小時),再保持靜止歷24小時 之其餘時間。將容器評估變化且當測定已發生聚集(成塊) 時即自測試移除。於試驗時更長的時間而無失敗,及試驗 後有較大數目之容器保持不變等於增進之物理穩定性。 測試兩種含LysB28Pr〇B29及LysB28ProB29-魚精蛋白晶體之不 同混合物。對於低混合物之LysB28ProB29與LysB28ProB29·晶體 -15- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標率(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐)~ (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
、1T 舞· 577753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(13) 之比例爲25 : 75,對於高混合物則爲75 : 25。混合物之製備 如實例6與7製備。當使用PSST法測試低混合物時,只有含 精胺酸之調配物於18天後容器保持不變。測試樣品中2個 至44天’容器保持不變。對高混合物之psST顯示類似之結 果’含精胺酸之調配物於3 6天之測試後,約50%之容器保 持不變’而含磷酸鹽缓衝液之對照組於3 6天後,具〇至5 % 之容器保持不變。 供用於本發明調配物之較佳之單體胰島素爲LySB28ProB29-人類騰島素,AspB28·人類胰島素及AlaB26-人類胰島素。 於本調配物中之單體胰島素類似物之濃度範園由1 2毫克/ 毫升至5 0耄克/毫升。類似物濃度之較佳範圍由約3.0毫克/ 囊升至35毫克/毫升。更佳之濃度爲約3 5毫克/毫升,約7 晕克/亳升,約14毫克/亳升,約17.5毫克/毫升及約35毫克 /毫升’其約分別等於調配物每毫升具約100單位,約200單 位,約400單位,約500單位,及約1〇〇〇單位之胰島素活性。 调配物中之鋅之濃度範圍由約4.5毫克/毫升至約370毫克/ 毫升’且必須爲使至少有2個鋅原子可利用來與各六聚體中 之6個胰島素錯合。總鋅數(錯合之鋅加未錯合之鋅)與胰島 素類似物六聚體之比例應於2與4之間。每個胰島素類似物 六聚體錯合物約3至約4個原子之總鋅數之比例爲佳。最小 濃度之紛系防腐劑爲形成本發明調配物之單體胰島素類似 物六聚體所須。爲了一些目的,如符合多次使用之調配物 所須之補充之防腐效力,本發明調配物中之酚系防腐劑之 濃度可增加高於形成六聚體所須者,至維持防腐效力所須 -16- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210χ 297公釐) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 衣· 訂 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印掣 577753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(14) 之量,有效的防腐所須之防腐劑濃度,依所用之防腐劑, 調配物之pH,及是否有結合或幫合防腐劑之物質存在。一 般’所須之量可於例如WALLHAUSER,K. DH.,DEVELOP. BIOL· STANDARD. 24, ρρ·、叫如吨 s Krager,中找到 。當調配時’用於本調配物之胰島素類似物六聚物錯合物 ,可結合多至7個酚系物,雖然一般只有六個酚系結合於六 聚體。須最少約3個酚系物供六聚物形成。當防腐劑爲供抗 微生物有效性所須時,較佳之紛系濃度爲約23 mM至約35 mM。間甲酚與酚,分開或混合,爲較佳之防腐劑。 調配物可視情況含等張劑。調配物較佳含等張劑,甘油 爲最佳之等張劑。甘油之濃度,當使用時爲已知於技藝供 胰島素調配物之範圍,較佳地約〗6毫克/毫升。 調配物之p Η以缓衝劑如TRIS或L -精胺酸控制。緩衝劑之 濃度於得到本發明之目的中並不被認爲具重要之任務,而 應爲提供貯存時適當之pH之緩衝以維持ρΗ於標的ρΗ±0.1 單位。較佳之pH於約7與約8之間,當以約22°C之溫度測定 時0 經漪部中央標隼局員工消費合作社印製 ---------— (請先閱讀背面之注意,事項再填寫本頁) 其他添加物,如醫藥上可接受之增溶劑如吐思 (Tween)20®(聚氧乙烯(20)山梨醇酐酯月桂酸酯),吐思4〇®( 聚氧乙缔(20)山梨醇肝g旨-標棚酸g旨)、吐思(聚氧乙晞 (2〇)山梨醇酐酯-油酸酯)、普洛尼克(plur〇nic)F 68®(聚氧乙 烯聚氧丙烯嵌段共聚物)及PEG(聚乙二醇)可視情況加至調 配物。不須此等添加物來達到本發明最大的好處,但若調 配物將與塑膠類物質接觸時則爲有用的。 .! - I --—- -17- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印t 577753 Μ ___—____Β7 五、發明説明(15) ' 本發明亦包括魚精蛋白鹽製劑,其變化比例之可溶性部 分<單體胰島素類似物。胰島素分子無須特殊之構形上之 要求來使具精胺酸之調配物穩定,雖然賦形物如鋅與防腐 劑正^地加至胰島素調配物(上述),與精胺酸共同地增進 穩疋化。於含魚精蛋白之調配物中精胺酸濃度範園由i至 lOOmM。最佳的,精胺酸濃度範圍由5至25111]^。精胺酸可 作爲補充劑添加至溶液或早已含鋅離子與酚系防腐劑之沈 澱之懸浮液。 投藥可經由精於此道之醫師已知爲有效之任何途徑。腸 外投藥爲佳。腸外投藥通常了解爲由胃腸途徑以外之投藥 。投予本發明調配物之較佳之腸外途徑包括靜脈内、肌肉 内、皮下、腹膜内、動脈内、鼻、肺及頰途徑。用於本發 明之化合物之靜脈内、腹膜内、肌肉内、及皮下投予途徑 爲較佳 < 腸外投予途徑。本發明調配物之靜脈内、腹膜内 及皮下投予途徑更佳。 經由某些腸外途徑之投藥可包括將本發明調配物,經由 針或套管,藉由滅菌注射器或一些其他之機械裝置如連續 輸注系統推進而引入患者體内。由本發明提供之調配物可 使用注射器、泵、或任何其他之技藝認可供腸外投藥用之 裝置。本發明調配物亦可以供肺或鼻腔吸收用之氣溶膠投 予。调配物可經由黏膜投予供吸收,如以頰投予。 投予治療糖尿病或血糖過高之本發明調配物之量依許多 因素而定,其中包括而不限於患者性別、體重、年齡及待 治療之情況或疾病之根本原因,投進途徑及生可用率,投 _____-_— ________ 18 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國豕標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X 297公釐) , · 衣 訂 I (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 577753 A7 -------------- £7 五、發明説明(16 ) 予之單體胰島素類似物於體内之持續性,調配物及單體胰 島素類似物之效力。當投藥中斷時,每次投予之量亦應考 慮劑量之間之隔,自調配物之單體胰島素類似物之生可用 率。本發明調配物之投予可爲連續的。定劑量及投予本發 明調配物之輸注速率或頻率以達所須之臨床結果皆爲一般 醫師之技藝範園内。 、用於本發明I單體胰島素類似物之製備可藉由各種認可 之肽合成技術中之任-者,包括傳統之溶液法,固相法, ,合成法及重組體DNA法。Chanee等,美國專利第5,514,646 號,1996, 5, 7公告,揭示各種單體騰島素類似物充分詳細 之製備,使精於此道者能製備用於本發明之任何單體騰島 素類似物。 鋅與酚系防腐劑皆爲達輕定且能快速解離與開始作用 所必須。六聚體錯合物由每個六聚體之人類騰島素類似物 ,2個鋅離子及至少3個選自氣甲酚'間甲酚、酚及其混合 物之酚系防腐劑所組成。 ,溶性單體胰島素類似物轉化成六聚體錯合物,藉由將 單體胰島素類似物溶於合適光學量酚系防腐劑之稀釋劑 經满部中央標準局員工消費合作社印袋 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) (pH約7至約8),再加鋅。鋅較好以鋅鹽添加,例如而非限 於乙酸鋅、/臭化鋅、氣化鋅、氟化辞、琪化辞及硫酸辞。 精於此道者會了解許多其他鋅鹽亦可用來製造單體胰島素 類似:錯合物,其爲本發明之一部分。較佳地,使用乙酸
• I - I- I I 鋅、、氧化鋅或氣化鋅,由於此等化合物不會加新的化學離 子於商業上可接受之製程中。 ί紙張尺度朝巾關GNS > 577753 A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員J-消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(17 單體胰島素類似物之溶解可藉助於一般所謂之,,酸溶解” 。對於酸溶解,以生理上可耐受之酸,較好HC1,將水性溶 媒之pH降至約3.0至3.5,以助單體類似物之溶解。其他之 生理上可耐受之酸包括而不限於乙酸、檸檬酸及硫酸。於 製備本發明調配物中,較好不用磷酸來調pH。pH再以生 理上可耐受之碱較好爲NaOH調至約pH 7.3至7.5。其他之生 理上可耐受之碱包括而不限於KOH及NH4OH。其後,加紛 系防腐劑及鋅。 本發明之腸外調配物可用習用之溶解與混合方法製備。 爲製備適宜之調配物,例如將測定量之單體胰島素類似物( 於水中)與所須之防腐劑、Z n化合物及緩衝劑以充分量(於 水中)混合’製備六聚體錯合物。調配物一般在段蔡前滅菌過 濾。此方法之變化法可由精於此道者了解。例如,組份添 加順序,pH調節之順序,若須要,製備調配物之溫度及離子 強度可最適化供濃縮及所用之投予方式用。 下面實例及製備係只供進一步説明本發明調配物之製備 。本發明之範圍並不限於下面實例。 實例1 含LysB28ProB29-人類胰島素類似物及TRIS之U1 〇〇可溶性詷西? 物之製備 將經計算可於最後調配物中得每毫升100單位之胰島素活 性之LysB28I>roB29-人類胰島素類似物·鋅晶體之量懸浮於含 0.715¾克/ ¾升驗、1.76¾克/ ¾升間-甲紛、16毫克/亳升 甘油及氧化鋅之水溶液。胰島素類似物一鋅晶體含約〇 36% -20- 表紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(2丨0'〆297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) •参衣. 訂 經满部中央標準局—工消費合作社印製 577753 A7 __ B7 五、發明説明(18 ) 鋅(基於重量)。水性稀釋劑中之氧化鋅濃度爲致使補充調 配物之最後鋅離子濃度至每100單位胰島素活性約0.025毫克 。加10% HC1調pH至2.8至3.0。攪捽溶解晶體後,小心加部 分之10% NaOH溶液調pH至7.4至7.7。將經計算於最後調配 物中可提供2毫克/毫升之TRIS濃度之TRIS貯存溶液之體積 (5 0毫克/毫升,ρΗ7·4,於周溫下亦即22°C下測量)加至胰島 素類似物溶液。加水稀釋調配物至最後體積。用0.2微米濾 膜將調配物滅菌過濾。 實例2 含LVsB28ProB29-人類胰島素類似物及L-精胺酸之U100可溶性 調配物之製備 依照實例1中所述之方法,直至添加緩衝劑。然後,一體 積之L-精胺酸貯存溶液(200 mM,ρΗ7·4),經計算可提供最 後調配物中L _精胺酸爲20 mM之濃度,代替TRIS貯存溶液 ,添加至胰島素類似物溶液。加水稀釋調配物至最後體積 ,調配物用0.2微米濾膜滅菌過濾。 實例3 含LVsB28ProB29-人類胰島素類似物及TRIS之U400可溶性調配 物之製備 將經計算可得每毫升最後調配物中400單位之胰島素活性 之LysB28Pr〇B29·人類胰島素類似物-鋅晶體之量懸浮於含 0.715毫克/毫升酚,1.76毫克/毫升間-甲酚、1 6毫克/毫升 甘油及氧化鋅之水溶液。胰島素類似物·鋅晶體含約0.36% 鋅(基於重量)。於水性稀釋劑中之氧化鋅濃度爲致使補充 -21 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 舾衣· 經濟部中夾標準局員工消費合作社印製 577753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(19) 調配物之最後鋅離子濃度至每100單位胰島素活性約0.025毫 克。加體積之10% HC1調pH至2.8至3.0。攪拌溶解晶體後, 小心加部分之10% NaOH調pH至7.4至7.7。將一體積之TRIS 貯存溶液(50毫克/毫升,pH 7.4,於周溫下亦即約22°C測量 ),經計算提供最後調配物爲2毫克/毫升之TRIS濃度,加至 胰島素類似物溶液。加水稀釋調配物至最後體。調配物用 0.2微米濾膜滅菌過濾。 實例4 含LysB28ProB29-人類胰島素類似物及磷酸鹽之U400可溶性調 配物之製備 將一經計算於最後調配物中得每毫升400單位胰島素活性 之LysB28ProB29-人類胰島素類似物·鋅晶體之量懸浮於含 0.715毫克/毫升酚、1.76毫克/毫升間甲酚、16毫克/毫升甘 油及氧化鋅之水溶液。胰島素類似物鋅晶體含約0.36%鋅( 基於重量)。水性稀釋劑中之氧化鋅之濃度爲致使補充調配 物之最後鋅離子濃度至每100單位胰島素活性約0.025毫克。 加一體積之10% HC1調pH至2.8至3.0。攪拌溶解晶體後,小 心加部分之10% NaOH調pH至7.4至7.7。將經計算提供於最 後調配物中NaH2PO4爲3.78毫克/毫升之濃度(pH7.4±0.1)之 一體積之貯存溶液加至胰島素類似物溶液。加水稀釋調配 物至最後體積。調配物用0.2微米濾膜滅菌過濾。 實例5 含LysB28ProB29_人類胰島素類似物及L 精胺酸之U400可溶性 調配物之製備 -22- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X 297公釐) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 衣- 、11 577753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(20) 依實例3中所述方法,直至添加緩衝劑。然後將經計算提 供於最後調配物中L-精胺酸濃度爲20 mM之體積之L-精胺 酸溶液(200 mM pH 7.4)加至胰島素類似物溶液。加水稀釋 調配物至最後體積。調配物用〇.2微米濾膜滅菌過濾。 實例6 盒精胺酸之U100 LvsB28Pa)B29-人類胰島素類似物高混厶 經濟部中夾標準局員工消費合作社印製 兔JS配物(75% v/v可溶性,25〇/〇 v/v中性魚精番白 LysB28Pr〇B29、之借 A ·中性魚精蛋白LysB28ProB29之製備 將經計算含200單位/毫升LysPro鋅胰島素晶體之量懸浮於 含0.715毫克/毫升酚、1.76毫克/毫升間甲酚、16毫克/毫升 甘油及氧化鋅之以HC1酸化之水溶液,以致補充最後之鋅離 子濃度至0.025毫克/100單位。加一體積之10% HC1,調溶液 至pH 2.8至3.0。攪掉溶解後,加10% NaOH溶液,調溶液至 pH 7.4至7.7。加一體積之75.6毫克/毫升NaH2P04溶液(PH 7.2)使相當於最後3.78毫克/毫升調配物,溶解沈澱之固體 及滴定以維持pH 7.4後,加水稀釋調配物至最後體積,其後 ,將溶液過滤。 將經計算含0.6毫克/100單位魚精蛋白碱之固體魚精蛋白 硫酸鹽溶於含0.715毫克/毫升酚、1.76毫克/毫升間甲酚及 1 6毫克/毫升甘油之水溶液,加固體NaH2P04致使調配物濃 度爲3.78毫克/毫升。溶液以10% HC1調至pH 7.4,以水稀釋 至最後體積過濾。 將U200 LysB28ProB29溶液及魚精蛋白溶液於15°C平衡。加 -23- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) ----*------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
I 、-口
I 577753 A7 B7 五、發明説明(21) 魚精蛋白溶液至LySB%r〇B29溶液,令所得懸浮液於工代下培 養24小時而無擾動。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) Β · LysB28Pr〇B29高混合物之製備 將相當於最後體積之75%之量之含L-精胺酸之“严卞⑺⑽ U10 0溶液(於實例2中製備)加至經計算體積之i 〇 〇單位/毫升 之中性魚精蛋白LySB28I>roB29。懸浮液於周溫下攪拌。 實例7 tk-精胺酸之U100 LySB28ProB29·人|^嚴^素類似物低混合 1調配物(25% v/v可溶性75% v/v中性复蛋白Lvs B28pr〇B29、 之製備 A ·中性魚精蛋白LysB28ProB29之製備 經满部中央標率局員工消費合作社印^ 將經計算含200單位/毫升LySB28ProB29鋅胰島素晶體之量懸 浮於含0.715毫克/毫升酚、1.76毫克/毫升間甲酚、16毫克/ 毫升甘油及氧化鋅之以HC1酸化之水溶液,致使補充最後之 鋅離子濃度至0.025毫克/100單位。加一體積之1〇%HCl調溶 液至pH 2.8至3.0。攪拌溶解後,加ίο。/。Na〇H溶液,調溶液 至pH 7.4至7.7。加一體積之75.6亳克/毫升NaH2P04溶液 (ρΗ7·2)使相等於最後3.78毫克/毫升調配物之濃度。溶解沈 殿之固體及滴定以維持pH 7.4後,加水稀釋調配物至最後體 積,其後將溶液過夜。 將經計算含0.6毫克/1〇〇單位魚精蛋白碱之固體魚精蛋白 硫酸鹽溶於含0.715毫克/毫升酚、1.76毫克/毫升間甲酚及 1 6毫克/毫升甘油之水溶液。加固體NaH2P04致使調配物濃 度爲3.78毫克/毫升。溶液以1〇% HC1調至pH 7.4,以水稀釋 -24 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) 577753 A7 ------B7 五、發明説明(22) ~ 至最後體積再過濾。 將U200 LysB28Pr〇B29溶液及魚精蛋白溶液於15.c平衡。加 魚精蛋白落液至LysB28ProB29溶液,令所得懸浮液於15。〇培養 2 4小時而無擾動。 B。LysB28ProB29低混合物之製備 將相當於最後體積之25%之量之含L _精胺酸之LysB28Pr〇B29 U100溶液(實例2中製備)加至經計算體積之100單位/毫升中 性魚精蛋白LysB28ProB29。懸浮液於周溫下揽拌。 k---衣— (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
,1T 經濟部中决標率脣員工消費合作社印製 -25- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X 297公釐)
Claims (1)
- 577753 第087109241號專利申請案 中文申請專利範圍替換本(92年11月) A8 B8 C8 D8 六 請,修五補充 2 —種物,其包含G 生理上可耐受之緩衝劑選自TRIS及L -精胺酸;及由下 列組成之單體胰島素類似物六聚體錯合物: a) 6分子之人類胰島素類似物,其中該人類胰島素類似 物選自: i) 人類騰島素’其中B28位之Pro由Asp,Lys , Leu, Val或Ala取代,及B29位之Lys為Lys或Pro; ii) AlaB26-人類胰島素; iii) 脫(B28-B30)-人類胰島素;及 iv) 脫(B 2 7 )-人類胰島素; ( b) 2個鋅離子;及 c )至少3分子之酚系防腐劑,選自: i) 氣甲酚; ii) 間甲酚; iii) 酚;及 iv) 氯甲酚、間甲酚及酚之混合物。 根據申請專利範圍第1項之調配物,其中該單體騰島素類 似物為LysB28ProB29-人類胰島素及該緩衝劑為TRIS。 根據申請專利範圍第1項之調配物,其中該單體騰島素類 似物為AspB28-人類胰島素及該緩衝劑為TRIS。 根據申請專利範圍第2項之調配物,其另含等張劑及其中 調配物之pH於ρΗ7·0與ρΗ8·0之間(當於22X:之溫度測定時)。 根據申請專利範圍第4項之調配物,其中LysB28proB29_人 類胰島素之濃度於每毫升約1〇〇與約400單位之間。 O:\53\53179-921113.00C 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐) 577753 ABC D •、申請專利範圍 6 ·根據申請專利範圍第5項之調配物,其中TRIS以約2毫克/ 毫升之濃度存在;甘油為等張劑且以約1 6毫克/毫升之濃 度存在;及間甲酚以約1.76毫克/毫升之濃度存在及酚以 約0.715毫克/毫升之濃度存在。 7 · 一種胰島素類似物-魚精蛋白調配物,其包含: a) 單體胰島素類似物,選自下列: i) 人類騰島素,其中B28位之Pro由Asp,Lys, Leu,Val,或Ala取代及B29位之Lys為Lys或 Pro ; , ii) AUB26-人類胰島素; 1 iii) 脫(B28-B30)-人類胰島素;及 iv) 脫(B27)-人類胰島素; b) 酚系物選自: i) 氯甲酚; ii) 間甲酚; iii) 酚;及 iv) 氯甲酚、間甲酚及酚之混合物; e)魚精蛋白; d) 鋅;及 e) L-精胺酸。 8·根據申請專利範圍第7項之調配物’其中該騰島素類似物 為 LySB28Pr〇B29。 … 9 ·根據申請專利範圍第7項之調配物,其中該騰島素類似物 為 AspB28。 … -2 O:\53\53179-921113.DOC 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) ^/7753 Λ BCD 申請專利範圍 0·根據申請專利範圍第1至6項中任'項之調配物,其係供 連續輸注系統用。 u.根據申請專利範圍第1至9項中任一項之單體胰島素類似 物之凋配物,其係用為治療糖尿病之藥劑。 1 2 ·根據申請專利範圍第1至9項中任一項之單體胰鳥素類似 物之調配物,其係用為治療高血糖症之藥劑。 O:\53\53179-921113.DOC - 3 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐)
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| CO4750643A1 (es) * | 1997-06-13 | 1999-03-31 | Lilly Co Eli | Formulacion estable de la insulina que contiene l-arginina y protamina |
| US6211144B1 (en) * | 1998-10-16 | 2001-04-03 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Stable concentrated insulin preparations for pulmonary delivery |
| JP2002535967A (ja) | 1999-01-06 | 2002-10-29 | ジェネンテック・インコーポレーテッド | インシュリン様成長因子(igf)i変異体 |
| DK1141014T3 (da) | 1999-01-06 | 2005-04-11 | Genentech Inc | Insulinlignende vækstfaktor (IGF) i mutantvariant |
| ES2208305T3 (es) | 1999-04-08 | 2004-06-16 | Genentech, Inc. | Composicion basada en polipeptidos de carga opuesta.. |
| US20040220103A1 (en) * | 1999-04-19 | 2004-11-04 | Immunex Corporation | Soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor treatment of medical disorders |
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| US7169889B1 (en) | 1999-06-19 | 2007-01-30 | Biocon Limited | Insulin prodrugs hydrolyzable in vivo to yield peglylated insulin |
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| US5461031A (en) * | 1994-06-16 | 1995-10-24 | Eli Lilly And Company | Monomeric insulin analog formulations |
| US5474978A (en) * | 1994-06-16 | 1995-12-12 | Eli Lilly And Company | Insulin analog formulations |
| US5547929A (en) * | 1994-09-12 | 1996-08-20 | Eli Lilly And Company | Insulin analog formulations |
| AR002976A1 (es) * | 1995-03-31 | 1998-05-27 | Lilly Co Eli | Formulaciones farmaceuticas parenterales de efecto prolongado de insulina; cristales de dichos analogos aplicables en dichas formulaciones yprocedimiento de las formulaciones mencionadas |
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| EP1044016B1 (en) * | 1998-01-09 | 2005-03-16 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Stabilised insulin compositions |
-
1998
- 1998-06-01 CO CO98030641A patent/CO4750643A1/es unknown
- 1998-06-01 ZA ZA9804697A patent/ZA984697B/xx unknown
- 1998-06-01 PE PE1998000437A patent/PE79099A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-06-01 AR ARP980102554A patent/AR012894A1/es active IP Right Grant
- 1998-06-08 SV SV1998000065A patent/SV1998000065A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-06-10 TW TW087109241A patent/TW577753B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-06-11 HU HU0002877A patent/HUP0002877A3/hu unknown
- 1998-06-11 CN CNB988081229A patent/CN1293916C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-11 CA CA2295140A patent/CA2295140C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-11 EA EA200000014A patent/EA002880B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-06-11 WO PCT/US1998/012218 patent/WO1998056406A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-06-11 NZ NZ501382A patent/NZ501382A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-06-11 BR BRPI9810116-1A patent/BR9810116B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-06-11 IL IL13334898A patent/IL133348A0/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-06-11 CZ CZ0445199A patent/CZ299637B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-06-11 AU AU78377/98A patent/AU734781B2/en not_active Expired
- 1998-06-11 PL PL98337324A patent/PL194244B1/pl unknown
- 1998-06-11 KR KR1019997011715A patent/KR100597500B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-11 JP JP50323799A patent/JP2002504908A/ja active Pending
- 1998-06-11 US US09/096,247 patent/US6034054A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-11 ID IDW991511A patent/ID24310A/id unknown
- 1998-06-11 TR TR1999/03036T patent/TR199903036T2/xx unknown
- 1998-06-12 DE DE69808695T patent/DE69808695T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-12 AT AT98304661T patent/ATE226088T1/de active
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- 1998-06-12 EP EP98304661A patent/EP0884053B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-12 PT PT98304661T patent/PT884053E/pt unknown
- 1998-06-12 DK DK98304661T patent/DK0884053T3/da active
- 1998-06-12 AT AT02022956T patent/ATE329612T1/de active
- 1998-06-12 PT PT02022956T patent/PT1283051E/pt unknown
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- 1998-11-06 UA UA99126744A patent/UA61109C2/uk unknown
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1999
- 1999-11-29 US US09/450,794 patent/US6551992B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-10 NO NO996131A patent/NO996131L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
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2002
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