TW202037388A - 數位微流體輸送裝置 - Google Patents
數位微流體輸送裝置 Download PDFInfo
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- TW202037388A TW202037388A TW108137032A TW108137032A TW202037388A TW 202037388 A TW202037388 A TW 202037388A TW 108137032 A TW108137032 A TW 108137032A TW 108137032 A TW108137032 A TW 108137032A TW 202037388 A TW202037388 A TW 202037388A
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Abstract
一種活性分子輸送系統,其中活性分子可一經要求即釋放及/或各種不同活性分子可由相同系統輸送及/或不同濃度之活性分子可由相同系統輸送。本發明非常適合經皮輸送藥品給病患。在一些具體實施例中,該系統包含二個分隔貯器及一混合區,藉此容許前驅物在經皮輸送前直接混合。
Description
本申請案主張2018年10月15日申請之共同申請中美國臨時專利申請案第62/745,718號的優先權。此中揭露之所有專利、公開案、及審理中申請案皆以參考方式完全併入本案中。
數位微流體裝置使用獨立之電極,在侷限環境中推動、分裂、及結合小滴,以提供「晶片實驗室」。數位微流體裝置另稱作介電濕潤、或「EWoD」,以使該方法與依靠電泳流及/或微型泵之競爭微流系統進一步區別。電濕潤技術之2012年評論由Wheeler在2012年分析化學年度評論(Annu. Rev. Anal. Chem) 5:413-40之「數位微流體」中提供,該評論係藉參考方式完全併入本案中。該技術容許以微量之樣本及試劑二者來實施樣本製備、測定、及合成化學。近年來,使用電濕潤在微流體胞元中操作受控制之小滴,已變得在商業上可行;及現在可從譬如Oxford Nanopore等大型生命科學公司取得新產品。
大多數有關EWoD之文獻報告牽涉所謂「被動矩陣」裝置(亦稱「分段」裝置),其中十到二十個電極係藉一控制器直接驅動。儘管分段裝置容易製造,然電極之數量係受空間及驅動約束所限制。緣是,不可能在被動矩陣裝置中實施大量的平行測定、反應等。相較之下,「主動矩陣」裝置(亦稱主動矩陣EWoD、亦稱AM-EWoD)裝置可具有數千、數十萬、或甚至數百萬個可定址電極。此等電極典型地係藉薄膜電晶體(TFT)切換,且小滴運動可程式設定,以使AM-EWoD陣列可用作為通用裝置,容許大自由度來控制多重小滴及執行同步分析程序。
由於對電場漏失之限制性要求,大多數先進AM-EWoD裝置係由多晶矽(polycrystalline silicon)所建構成(亦稱多矽(polysilicon)、亦稱多Si)。然而,多矽製造實質上較非晶矽製造(即用於液晶顯示器工業量產主動矩陣TFT中之型式者)昂貴。多矽製造程序因為有獨特之處理及製造步驟來搭配多矽作業,以致較昂貴。全世界為了由多矽製造出裝置所佈設之設施亦較少。然而,由於多矽之改良功能,夏普(Sharp)公司已能夠達成AM-EWoD裝置,其包含在單一主動矩陣上之推進、感測、及加熱能力。請參見譬如美國專利號第8,419,273、8,547,111、8,654,571、8,828,336、9,458,543號,其皆藉參考方式併入本案中。一複雜多Si AM-EWoD之範例顯示於圖1中。
生物活性材料之經皮輸送係已成功建立之技術。在直接易懂的具體實施例中,生物活性組分(典型地分子量低於大約1000之分子)係併入聚合基質或凝膠中,該聚合基質或凝膠設置成與病患之皮膚接觸。藉被動擴散而發生之分子滲透經常達數小時。藥物輸送係藉敷用貼片於皮膚上而起始。然而,在目前之技術水準中,難以調變從某一特殊貼片輸送活性成分之速率。
本發明係藉提供一種低功率經皮輸送系統來滿足此需要,其中活性分子可藉一數位微流體平台裝載,且一經要求即釋放。此外,如以下所述者,本發明提供一種用於在不同時間從相同輸送系統輸送不同濃度之活送分子、及用於從相同貼片在相同或不同時間輸送多重藥物的系統。
本發明係藉容納活性物(即,藥物)於貯器中直到其被需要且接著將該活性分子移動到與皮膚接觸之多孔擴散層(譬如,藥物輸送凝膠)而作業。在一態樣中,本發明係一活性分子輸送系統,其包括第一基板、第二基板、間隔物、多孔擴散層、及控制器。該第一基板包含複數個驅動電極、覆蓋該複數個電極之介電層、及覆蓋該介電層之第一疏水層。該第二基板包含共同電極、及覆蓋該共同電極之第二疏水層。該間隔物分隔該第與第二基板,且在該第一與第二基板之間產生微流體區域。該多孔擴散層偶合(coupled)至與該第一疏水層對立之該第一基板的一側,且該第一基板包括通道,該通道在該疏水層與該多孔擴散層之間提供流體連通。該控制器操作性地偶合至該等驅動電極,且構造成在至少二個驅動電極之間提供電壓梯度。該多孔擴散層可由各種材料建構成,該等材料諸如丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯、聚碳酸酯、聚乙烯醇、纖維素、聚(N-異丙基丙烯醯胺)(PNIPAAm)、聚(乳酸–共-甘醇酸)(PLGA)、聚二氯亞乙烯、丙烯腈、非結晶性尼龍、定向聚酯、對苯二甲酸酯、聚氯乙烯、聚乙烯、聚丁烯、聚丙烯、聚異丁烯、或聚苯乙烯。典型地,該貯器具有大於100奈升之體積,且該多孔擴散層具有介於1奈米到100奈米之間的平均孔尺寸。在某些具體實施例中,該裝置包含複數個通道。在某些具體實施例中,該通道包含蕊吸(wicking)材料,譬如毛細管或纖維。在某些具體實施例中,該多孔擴散層係以生物相容黏合劑而偶合至受試者。
典型地,該活性分子係藥品化合物;然而,本發明之系統可用於輸送荷爾蒙、保健營養品、蛋白質、核酸、抗體、或疫苗。本發明可包含複數個貯器,且該裝置可構造成在投送複數種組分前混合該等組分。例如,可能在相同裝置內具有不同貯器,內含不同混合物、或具有不同濃度之相似混合物。例如,該系統可包含第一貯器及第二貯器,該第一貯器內含第一活性分子混合物,該第二貯器內含第二活性分子混合物,或者系統可包含第一貯器及第二貯器,該第一貯器內含第一濃度下之活性分子,該第二貯器內含第二濃度下之相同分子。在其他具體實施例中,該系統可包含第一貯器及第二貯器,該第一貯器內含活性分子混合物,該第二貯器內含佐劑及/或皮膚滲透劑。熟於此技藝者將明白活性分子、製劑、及濃度之其他組合。
本發明附帶地包含一控制器,用於控制一活性分子輸送系統。該控制器包含一如上述者之活性分子輸送系統,亦即包含活性分子混合物,其分散於第一帶電相及帶相反電或未帶電且與該第一相不相溶之第二相中,或活性分子與帶電粒子之混合物中。該控制器亦包含開關,構造成中斷從電壓源到該活性分子輸送系統之電流。該開關可為機械開關或數位開關,且該控制器可包含用於控制該開關之處理器。在某些具體實施例中,該控制器將包含無線接收器及無線發射器,藉此容許該控制器與譬如智慧型手機、攜行電腦站、智慧型手錶、健身追蹤器等裝置介接。
本發明之裝置可用於輸送活性分子至受試者之皮膚。例如,使用本發明之裝置,多孔擴散層可偶合至受試者之皮膚,包括活性分子之溶液可從驅動電極移動到在該疏水層與該多孔擴散層之間提供流體連通的第一通道,及活性分子被容許從該多孔擴散層通過而至該受試者之皮膚。在某些具體實施例中,該活性物容納於與該複數個驅動電極流體連通之第一貯器中,且該包括活性分子之溶液容納於該貯器中,直到該包括活送分子之溶液需要輸送。在某些具體實施例中,裝置具有二個分隔貯器及混合區,且活性分子被輸送至病患。該第一貯器包含第一前驅物溶液,該第二貯器包含第二前驅物溶液,以及該輸送功能包含將該第一前驅物分子與該第二前驅物分子混合以產生混合物、及將該混合物移動到在該疏水層與該多孔擴散層之間提供該流體連通的通道。
本發明提供一種活性分子輸送系統,其中活性分子可一經要求即釋放、及/或各種不同之活性分子可從相同系統輸送、及/或不同濃度之活性分子可從相同系統輸送。本發明非常適合經皮輸送藥品至病患,然而本發明通常可用於輸送活性成分至動物。活性物輸送系統包含複數個貯器,其中該等貯器裝填用於輸送活性分子之介質。在某些具體實施例中,該介質包含活性分子,其分散於第一帶電相、以及帶相反電或未帶電且與該第一相不相溶之第二相中。
一值得關注之經皮輸送的分子係那若松、一具競爭力之類鴉片受體拮抗劑,用於防止或降低類鴉片麻醉藥超劑量之影響。那若松當口服時不易吸收,且典型地藉注射或藉由鼻噴劑來投藥。可惜,藥物之效果在不到大約一小時後即減弱,而需要投給數個劑量,以保持長期之治療水準。然而,先前之成果已建議,使用面積大約40平方公分之經皮貼片,能夠在大約4到48小時期間保持有用之那若松血漿濃度。請參見譬如Panchagula, R.、Bokalial, R.、Sharma, P、及Khandavilli, S.,國際藥劑學期刊(International Journal of Pharmaceutics)第293卷(2005年)、第213至223頁。是以,初始注射劑量與較長效經皮輸注之結合,可提供保持治療濃度之那若松,且同時避免病患經受多次注射的可實行方式。
軍方及民間之急救人員、包含執法人員面臨在危險情況下曝露於高濃度類鴉片麻醉藥之下的可能性,在此情況下不可能得到傳統之醫療照顧。理想上,此等人員能夠自我投給初始推注之那若松(或類似藥物),且同時能夠觸發較長期之保持劑量釋放。在某些情況下,甚至可能需要遠端觸發藥物釋放,特別地當受侵襲個體獨立運作之能力已損傷時尤然。在此等情況下,最好使用預敷經皮貼片,此貼片係用於藥物無法以某些方式輸送之狀態下。觸發事件將釋放藥物,容許該藥物開始經由皮膚擴散。當然,輸送裝置並非以此等實施例為限,且可用於輸送譬如荷爾蒙、保健營養品、蛋白質、核酸、抗體、或疫苗。
本發明之裝置係藉使用介電濕潤(EWoD)來移動活性物之水小滴而運作。EWoD裝置之基本操作圖示於圖2之剖面圖像中。EWoD 200包含胞元,其裝填油202及至少一小水滴204。胞元間隙典型地在50到200微米之範圍中,但該間隙可較大。在如圖2中所顯示之基礎架構中,複數個驅動電極205設置於基板上,且單一頂部電極206設置於對立表面上。該胞元附帶地包含疏水塗層207以及介電層208,該疏水塗層207位在與該油層接觸之表面上,該介電層208介於驅動電極205與疏水塗層207之間(上方基板亦可包含介電層,但未在圖2中顯示)。疏水層)防止小滴濕潤表面。當無電壓差施加於相鄰電極之間時,小滴將保持球型,以使其與疏水表面(油及疏水層之接觸最小化。由於小滴並未濕潤表面,因此其較不可能污染表面,或與其他小滴交互作用,除非當該行為係所期望者。
儘管可能具有用於介電及疏水功能二者之單一層,然而此類層典型地需要厚無機層(以防止針孔)而導致低介電常數,如此將需要超過100伏特來達到小滴運動。為達成低電壓致動,較佳者係具有薄無機層而達到高電容,且無針孔、藉薄有機疏水層覆蓋。藉此組合,可能具有電壓在+/-10到+/-50伏特範圍中之電濕潤操作,該範圍係在傳統TFT控制器可供應之範圍中。
當電壓差施加於相鄰電極之間時,某一電極上之電壓將吸引在介電至小滴介面處之小滴中的電性相反電荷,且小滴朝該電極移動,如圖2中所圖示者。可接受之小滴推進所需的電壓係根據介電及疏水層之特性而定。使用交流驅動,以藉各式電化學來減少小滴、介電質、及電極之降解。EWoD之操作頻率可在100赫到1百萬赫之範圍中,但當搭配具有有限操作速度之TFT使用時,1千赫之較低頻率、或更低者係屬較佳。
圖3係以剖面型式(未按比例)顯示本發明之活性分子輸送裝置300設置於皮膚380上時的操作原理。裝置300建構於一個或更多個基板310/315上,此等基板可為撓性基板。共同電極340係藉間隔物330而與驅動電極345間隔。待輸送之活性分子(藥物)溶解於水滴320中,該水滴懸浮於不相容溶劑325(譬如,烴、聚矽氧、或氟化有機油)中。如以上討論者,施加適當電壓至共同電極340及驅動電極345上,可用於使水滴320沿側向朝通道360移動,該通道360偶合至多孔擴散層370(由左至右)。為促進水滴320之運動,疏水層335係設於共同電極340下方及驅動電極345上方。介電層350係介於疏水層335與驅動電極345中間。
本發明之裝置包含一個或更多個通道360(即,沿z方向之通道),其貫通或鄰接驅動電極345。當水滴320位在此通道360上方時,如圖4中所顯示者,該等活性分子可移動通過通道360而至多孔擴散層370,該多孔擴散層370係與輸送表面、譬如病患之皮膚380接觸。在該位置處,水滴320與接觸皮膚380之多孔擴散層370之間建立擴散接觸。典型地,通道360將包含有助於該溶劑與活性混合物從疏水表面335移動到多孔擴散層370之結構。例如,該通道可包含使親水材料透過毛細管作用而移動之材料,譬如滲透芯纖維、纖維素、或棉。此類材料可塗佈額外疏水塗層,以促進水溶液從電濕潤表面移動到多孔擴散層370。在某些具體實施例中,生物相容黏合劑(未顯示)可積層至該多孔擴散層。該生物相容黏合劑將容許活性分子通過,且同時保持該裝置在使用者上固定不動。合適之生物相容黏合劑可從3M(明尼亞波利斯,明尼蘇達州)取得。
圖5顯示本發明之活性分子輸送裝置500的具體實施例之上視圖,猶如頂部電極及頂部基板已移除者。裝置500包含基板515、驅動電極545、通道560、及多孔擴散層570。該裝置附帶地包含控制器543,該控制器藉走線547而偶合至驅動電極545。如圖5中所顯示者,含待輸送目標分子(藥物)之親水液體位於貯器590中、即該裝置中遠離與皮膚接觸之該多孔擴散層的區域中。
圖5中係由底部驅動電極進行到頂部驅動電極來圖示包含活性分子之溶液的輸送順序。起初,複數個小滴520從貯器590彈開,藉此決定將要輸送之劑量(濃度x體積x小滴數量)。小滴520前進,直到鄰近一個或更多個通道560,隨後使用圍繞通道560之輔助驅動電極548,以正交電濕潤將小滴520移動到通道560上方。基於通道560之滲透芯作用,小滴520將移動入且通過通道560,隨後輸送至下方之多孔擴散層570。緣是,該(等)貯器590中之活性成分可移動到該多孔擴散層中。
可能設想到眾多不同之驅動電極545關於通道560的配置。在圖6中所圖示之第二具體實施例中,電濕潤力係用於從貯器690抽出流體620,且直接將該流體轉運至通道660。裝置600包括基板615、驅動電極645、通道660、及多孔擴散層670。該裝置附帶地包含控制器643,該控制器藉走線647而偶合至驅動電極645。然而,圖6中無需正交運動。藉合適材料在驅動電極645與多孔擴散層670之間提供的毛細管力係從貯器690抽出流體620。儘管顯示流體620呈連續,然請了解到,該流體可如圖5中者以小滴輸送。如圖6中所顯示者,每一通道660各偶合至唯一貯器690。這容許每一貯器皆作用如單一劑,藉此降低系統之複雜度,譬如其中必須彈開及輸送特定劑量之特定體積的特定數量小滴。例如,裝置600可包含七個完全相同之貯器,且控制器643佈設成連續七日每天早上投給一貯器之內容物。另一選擇為,不同貯器690可各含不同濃度之相同活性物,使得受試者可接受第一較強劑量之活性物,且接著在該日中接受一個或更多個較低濃度之保持劑量。此類裝置特別地非常適合輸送荷爾蒙。
圖7中顯示本發明之另一具體實施例,其中裝置700包含基板715、驅動電極745、通道760、及多孔擴散層770。儘管未顯示控制器,然請了解到,需要控制器來協調該等驅動電極745之功能。圖7圖示出,可能在輸送活性分子之前,在「晶片上」進行反應。如圖7中所顯示者,第一貯器「A」791與第二貯器「B」792二者皆與混合區793流體連通。第一前驅物分子可內含於第一貯器791中之第一溶液內,且同時第二前驅物分子可內含於第二貯器792中之一第二溶液內。在投給活性物之前,該第一溶液與該第二溶液被帶至混合區793中,該等溶液被容許在該混合區中混合以產生目標活性物,該目標活性物接著依上述方法被輸送至多孔擴散層770。
裝置700具有在輸送目標活性物至多孔擴散層770前混合前驅物之能力時,將有眾多優點。例如,該第一前驅物可為敏感性生物體物,譬如抗體或寡核苷酸,其必須在不適合經由該多孔擴散層來輸送之溶液中穩定化而加以儲存。緣是,當適於輸送該生物體時,將從第一貯器791轉運一數量之該生物體至混合區793,該生物體可在該混合區活化、潔淨、或作為目標,以進行輸送(譬如,透過與促進劑、標記物、或其他目標特定分子之接合作用(conjugation))。此類架構可大幅增加生物體之架儲期,且可容許病患避免必須至診所透過靜脈注射來輸送生物體。在其他選擇中,該第一與第二前驅物可為前驅藥,該等前驅藥相結合以產生類鴉片。使用本發明之裝置,由於僅具有該裝置及適當安全許可之使用者可結合該等前驅物來產生該類鴉片,因此可能防止非法之類鴉片投給。
圖7之系統亦可適合於輸送所謂「雞尾酒式藥物」,該雞尾酒式藥物包含複數個可隨著時間而彼此去活化之活性分子,且典型地必須在譬如化學治療診所之診所中投給。圖7之系統亦可用於輸送譬如病患自己之細胞、抗體等。在此類具體實施例中,病患自己之生物材料可容納於第一貯器中,且當適於輸送治療物時,該病患自己之生物材料將移動到混合區中,以在輸送至該多孔擴散層前,在該混合區與另一活性成分結合。
控制器543、643、743可包括電池及電子裝置,以符合起始電濕潤移動所需,及譬如為適當之電子裝置/天線等構件以與外界通訊。在較佳的配置中,不可能在未施加電氣訊號下,將含藥物之水滴轉運至通道。這將確保未活化之貼片可經受各式應力(機械、熱等)而不致釋放活性成分。
在某一具體實施例中,本發明之裝置可用於輸送那若松(NARCAN™)。該裝置將從貯器輸送大約20到100毫克之藥物至該多孔擴散區。假設該貯器中之水中有50毫克/毫升之接近飽和濃度的活性物(譬如,那若松),則需輸送之滴的體積將大約為400到2000微升,這係在裝置之能力內。在其他具體實施例中,本發明之裝置可用於輸送類鴉片,譬如二氫嗎啡酮、氫可酮、酚太尼枸椽酸鹽、美沙酮、或羥考酮。本發明之裝置可用於輸送興奮劑,例如尼古丁、類固醇(譬如,強體松)、及荷爾蒙(譬如,腎上腺素)。
在某些具體實施例中,本發明之裝置可製成撓性者,使得該裝置可在彎曲表面880上展開、及/或整合入撓性包裝中,以改良使用者舒適性及順應性。此類裝置800之一具體實施例顯示於圖8中,其中撓性驅動電極845偶合至一多孔擴散層870,且通道860提供驅動電極845與多孔擴散層870之間的流體連通。如圖8中所顯示者,控制器843及貯器890可結合入同一外殼中。在具體實施例中,裝置800可呈腕套外型,其中裝置800可藉裝飾設計額外地擴大,以遮掩裝置800實際上係用於經皮輸送藥物。
活性分子輸送系統之先進具體實施例將包含電路,以容許藉譬如智慧型手機或智慧型手錶等次要裝置來無線控制該活性分子輸送系統。藉由此類改善,使用者可控制譬如待輸送之活性分子類型、及待輸送之量。使用在譬如智慧型手機或手錶上之應用軟體,可能以程式設定該裝置,以根據一天中的時間來改變活性分子之輸送量。在其他具體實施例中,該裝置可與譬如健身追蹤器或心律監視器等生物量測感測器操作性地偶合,如此該應用軟體可當譬如使用者之脈搏數超過一預設臨界時關閉配藥。其他具體實施例可將來自葡萄糖監視器之示值讀數偶合至該裝置,以當病患處於其期望血糖濃度範圍之外時,自動輸送胰島素。
當期望時,可遠端啟動及/或控制本發明之裝置。例如,近場通訊(NFC)、藍芽、WIFI、或其他無線通訊功能可用於啟動裝置,且促使投劑。更,相同之無線通訊可用於監視該裝置之性能,譬如得知在不同驅動狀態下所有該(等)貯器之百分率及區域,這意謂醫療服務提供者或治療師將可取得所有使用數據,包含貼片何時活化及活性物之投給量。關於「可程式設定」特徵,由於每一貯器皆可獨立地變化,因此可藉在不同時間從不同貯器驅動不同濃度之活性物、或不同之活性物,而以程式設定該裝置之總釋放廓形(overall release profile)。此外,由於用來活化貼片之智慧型裝置亦可與遠端醫師通訊來共享數據,因此病患順應性亦良好。
熟於此技藝者將明白,可在上述之發明特定具體實施例中實施眾多變更及修飾,而不致脫離本發明之範圍。緣是,前述說明之全體應以例證而非限制性意義解釋。
200:介電濕潤
202:油
204:小水滴
205:驅動電極
206:頂部電極
207:疏水塗層
208:介電層
300:活性分子輸送裝置
310:基板
315:基板
320:水滴
325:不相容溶劑
330:間隔物
335:疏水層
340:共同電極
345:驅動電極
350:介電層
360:通道
370:多孔擴散層
380:皮膚
500:活性分子輸送裝置
515:基板
520:小滴
543:控制器
545:驅動電極
547:走線
548:輔助驅動電極
560:通道
570:多孔擴散層
590:貯器
600:裝置
615:基板
620:流體
643:控制器
645:驅動電極
647:走線
660:通道
670:多孔擴散層
690:貯器
700:裝置
715:基板
745:驅動電極
760:通道
770:多孔擴散層
791:第一貯器
792:第二貯器
793:混合區
800:裝置
843:控制器
845:撓性驅動電極
860:通道
870:多孔擴散層
880:彎曲表面
890:貯器
圖1顯示先前技藝EWoD裝置,其包含在相同主動矩陣上之推進及感測二者。
圖2描繪出,藉由在相鄰電極上提供不同帶電狀態,而使水相小滴在相鄰電極之間運動。
圖3描繪出,當裝置處於「關閉」狀態、亦即活性物尚未裝入時之本發明的一剖面。
圖4描繪出,當裝置處於「啟動」狀態、亦即活性物已裝入時之本發明的一剖面。
圖5係包含活性材料的貯器、驅動電極、通道、及多孔擴散層之本發明裝置的平面視圖。圖5顯示逐步(下至上)分配包含活性分子之溶液、朝通道移動小滴、移動到通道、及分配小滴至多孔擴散層中。
圖6係圖示本發明裝置,其中每一通道偶合至僅單一個貯器。在某些具體實施例中,每一貯器內含不同濃度之活性分子,藉此容許動態地控制劑量。
圖7係圖示本發明裝置,其中二個不同貯器偶合至混合區,藉此可使二組分「A」與「B」在輸送至多孔擴散層前混合。
圖8係圖示本發明輸送裝置,其中驅動電極呈撓性,藉此容許輸送裝置纏繞於譬如臂或腿等肢體。
700:裝置
715:基板
745:驅動電極
760:通道
770:多孔擴散層
791:第一貯器
792:第二貯器
793:混合區
Claims (20)
- 一種活性分子輸送系統,其包括: 第一基板,其包括: 複數個驅動電極, 介電層,其覆蓋該複數個電極,及 第一疏水層,其覆蓋該介電層; 第二基板,其包括: 共同電極, 第二疏水層,其覆蓋該共同電極; 間隔物,其分隔該第一與第二基板,且在該第一與第二基板之間產生微流體區域; 多孔擴散層,其偶合(coupled)至與該第一疏水層對立之該第一基板的一側,其中該第一基板包括通道,該通道在該疏水層與該多孔擴散層之間提供流體連通;及 控制器,其操作性地偶合至該等驅動電極,且構造成在至少二個驅動電極之間提供電壓梯度。
- 如請求項1之活性分子輸送系統,其中每一驅動電極皆偶合至薄膜電晶體。
- 如請求項1之活性分子輸送系統,其進一步包括複數個在該疏水層與該多孔擴散層之間提供流體連通的通道。
- 如請求項1之活性分子輸送系統,其中該等驅動電極呈撓性。
- 如請求項1之活性分子輸送系統,其中該通道包含毛細管或蕊吸(wicking)纖維。
- 如請求項5之活性分子輸送系統,其中該毛細管或蕊吸纖維係以疏水塗層塗佈。
- 如請求項1之活性分子輸送系統,其進一步包括與該複數個驅動電極流體連通之貯器。
- 如請求項7之活性分子輸送系統,其進一步包括與該複數個驅動電極流體連通之複數個貯器,及在該疏水層與該多孔擴散層之間提供流體流通的複數個通道,其中每一貯器僅與一個通道流體連通。
- 如請求項7之活性分子輸送系統,其進一步包括複數個貯器及一混合區,該混合區係與該複數個貯器之每一者及在該疏水層與該多孔擴散層之間提供流體流通的該複數個通道之每一者皆流體連通。
- 如請求項1之活性分子輸送系統,其中該多孔擴散層包括丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯、聚碳酸酯、聚乙烯醇、纖維素、聚(N-異丙基丙烯醯胺)(PNIPAAm)、聚(乳酸-共-甘醇酸)(poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), PLGA)、聚二氯亞乙烯、丙烯腈、非結晶性尼龍、定向聚酯、對苯二甲酸酯、聚氯乙烯、聚乙烯、聚丁烯、聚丙烯、聚異丁烯、或聚苯乙烯。
- 如請求項1之活性分子輸送系統,其進一步包括與該多孔擴散層接觸之生物相容黏合劑。
- 一種輸送活性分子至受試者之皮膚的方法,其包括: 提供活性分子輸送系統,其包含: 第一基板,其包括複數個驅動電極、覆蓋該複數個電極之介電層、及覆蓋該介電層之第一疏水層, 第二基板,其包括共同電極、及覆蓋該共同電極之第二疏水層, 間隔物,其分隔該第一與第二基板,且在該第一與第二基板之間產生微流體區域, 多孔擴散層,其偶合至與該第一疏水層對立之該第一基板的一側,其中該第一基板包括第一通道,該第一通道在該疏水層與該多孔擴散層之間提供流體連通,及 控制器,其操作性地偶合至該等驅動電極,且構造成在至少二個驅動電極之間提供電壓梯度; 偶合該多孔擴散層至受試者之皮膚; 使包括活性分子之溶液從一驅動電極移動到在該疏水層與該多孔擴散層之間提供流體連通的該第一通道;及 容許該活性分子從該多孔擴散層通過而至該受試者之皮膚。
- 如請求項12之方法,其中該活性分子輸送系統進一步包括與該複數個驅動電極流體連通之第一貯器,且其中該包括活性分子之溶液容納於該貯器中,直到需要輸送該包括活性分子之溶液。
- 如請求項13之方法,其中該活性分子輸送系統進一步包括第二貯器及在該疏水層與該多孔擴散層之間提供流體連通之第二通道,其中該第一貯器僅與該第一通道流體連通,且該第二貯器僅與該第二通道流體連通。
- 如請求項14之方法,其中該第一貯器內含第一溶液且該第二貯器內含第二溶液,該第一溶液包括在第一濃度下之活性分子,該第二溶液包括在第二濃度下之活性分子。
- 如請求項13之方法,其中該活性分子輸送系統進一步包括第二貯器以及與該第一貯器及該第二貯器二者皆流體連通之混合區。
- 如請求項16之方法,其中該第一貯器內含第一溶液且該第二貯器內含第二溶液,該第一溶液包括第一前驅物分子,該第二溶液包括第二前驅物分子,以及其中輸送活性分子至受試者之皮膚進一步包括: 混合該第一前驅物分子與該第二前驅物分子,以產生混合物;及 使該混合物移動到在該疏水層與該多孔擴散層之間提供流體連通之該第一通道。
- 如請求項17之方法,其中該第一前驅物分子係抗體。
- 如請求項17之方法,其中該第一前驅物係寡核苷酸。
- 如請求項17之方法,其中該混合物包括類鴉片。
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| WO2020081478A1 (en) | 2020-04-23 |
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