TW201812139A - 使用含有機殘留物之未漂白纖維素紙漿懸浮液製造紙之方法 - Google Patents
使用含有機殘留物之未漂白纖維素紙漿懸浮液製造紙之方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201812139A TW201812139A TW106127762A TW106127762A TW201812139A TW 201812139 A TW201812139 A TW 201812139A TW 106127762 A TW106127762 A TW 106127762A TW 106127762 A TW106127762 A TW 106127762A TW 201812139 A TW201812139 A TW 201812139A
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- polymer
- pulp slurry
- weight
- acrylamide
- cationic
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Abstract
本發明係關於一種製造紙之方法,其包括向纖維素紙漿漿料之水性懸浮液中添加呈包含陽離子型聚N,N-(二烷基胺基烷基)(甲基)丙烯醯胺或其季鹽(quaternates)或鹽之反相乳液之形式之聚合物,及使該纖維素紙漿漿料脫水以形成紙或紙板產品,其中該紙漿漿料基於總紙漿漿料重量計含有大於約75重量ppm之水溶性木質素,及其中該聚合物基於纖維素紙漿固體計係以0.001至1重量%之劑量添加至該紙漿漿料中,及其中該聚合物基於總單體計視需要含有大於約25莫耳ppm之多官能單體,及其中該聚合物具有小於15 cps之0.5%活性UL黏度。
Description
本發明係關於一種改善含來自製漿過程之有機殘留物之未漂白纖維素漿料之脫水性質的方法。
製造紙及紙板之方法包括使纖維素紙漿之水性漿料沈積於移動造紙線或織物上,及藉由排水自該漿料之固體組分形成板。此板係然後經擠壓及乾燥以進一步移除水。 造紙者不斷努力增加造紙機之速度及生產率。纖維素紙漿漿料於造紙線或織物上之排水或脫水通常係達成更快造紙機速度之限制性步驟。經改善之脫水亦可在擠壓及乾燥機區中導致更乾燥之薄片,從而導致減小之能量消耗。通常在纖維漿料到達造紙線或織物之前向該纖維漿料添加化學物質以改善排水及脫水;此等化學物質被稱為排水助劑。排水助劑係通常用於造紙過程中以增加紙漿之排水及增加造紙機速度及生產率。 自木材製造纖維素紙漿漿料需要許多複雜步驟,其等包括自木屑形成紙漿纖維。此過程發生於蒸煮器中,其中木屑係在高溫下用(例如)硫化鈉及氫氧化鈉蒸煮,以分解及溶解木質素,使得其可與木材紙漿分離。該過程之最顯著副產物係硫酸鹽木質素(kraft lignin),其係基於重複苯酚丙烷單元之複雜三維材料。額外之副產物包括木材瀝青、半纖維素、粗妥爾油及松節油。在蒸煮器後,黑色液體(含有有機物,主要為木質素,及無機耗費蒸煮化學物質)係在俗稱本色漿洗滌(brown stock washing)之過程中分離自木材紙漿。未漂白掛麵紙板應用中之硫酸鹽紙漿之洗滌係不完全有效的,且取決於許多過程變量,當紙漿漿料到達造紙機時,紙漿漿料中通常存在高濃度之有機物及無機物。可溶性有機物及無機物之濃度可大幅度變化。 習知排水助劑已證實減小含有高濃度可溶性有機物及鹽之配料基質(furnish substrate)之效用。此等配料之兩種此等實例係硫酸鹽原始掛麵紙板及中性亞硫酸鹽半化學物質(NSSC),其中存在高濃度之有機材料(諸如含有高陰離子電荷之可溶性木質素)。此等高度陰離子材料據信中和習知排水助劑上之電荷,從而顯著減小其有效性。大部分硫酸鹽原始硬紙板及NSSC機器不利用排水助劑,因為有機材料之該等濃度干擾排水或脫水之有效性。 美國專利案第4,313,790號教示藉由添加高分子量非離子聚環氧乙烷(PEO)與硫酸鹽木質素(其充當輔助因子以促進PEO之效用)之組合之造紙方法。PEO之非離子性質不受紙漿配料中之可溶性木質素及有機物影響,及硫酸鹽掛麵紙板及NSSC應用中之可溶性木質素實際充當內在輔助因子以促進PEO之性能。PEO已證實在硫酸鹽掛麵紙板及NSSC配料中之強絮凝反應。然而,如由Hubbe等人(BioResouces 2009, 4(2) 850-906)指出,高聚合物MW PEO產生不易脫水之相當大絮團且可實際減小整體紙漿脫水。 美國專利案第4717758、5115065及5698627號教示適用於在中性至鹼性pH區域中造紙之造紙添加劑,其包含由高達20莫耳%之二甲基胺基丙基(甲基)丙烯醯胺或其季銨化產物,及高達98.9莫耳%之丙烯醯胺組成之水溶性共聚物。 US 5167766教示製造紙之方法,其包括向水性紙配料添加離子、有機、交聯聚合之微珠,該微珠具有小於約750奈米之未膨脹顆粒直徑及至少1%之電離度。認為二甲基胺基丙基丙烯醯胺係一種可能之陽離子單體。所有陽離子微珠係含丙烯醯胺之共聚物。紙儲備液被列為「典型化學紙漿,例如,漂白及未漂白硫酸鹽或亞硫酸鹽紙漿、機械紙漿(諸如磨木)、熱機械或化學熱機械紙漿或再生紙漿(諸如脫墨廢紙及其任何混合物」;來自製漿過程之紙漿中之殘留木質素及其他有機物之存在及其對微珠性能之消極影響未說明。 仍需在含有高木質素之配料中提供排水。
呈反相乳液形式之包含聚(二烷基胺基烷基(甲基)丙烯醯胺)及其季鹽之聚合物已經確定在具有高濃度殘留有機物(諸如木質素)之造紙系統中提供排水。已發現此等聚合物相較於習知絮凝劑對可溶性有機物及木質素具有更大耐受性,及因此可在具有高濃度殘留有機物(諸如木質素)之應用中發揮作用。另外,聚(二烷基胺基烷基(甲基)丙烯醯胺)之分支或交聯形式已證實排水性能隨可溶性有機物及木質素之濃度增加而增加。 已發現向紙漿漿料中添加聚(二烷基胺基烷基(甲基)丙烯醯胺)或其季鹽之反相乳液將改善含有來自紙漿廠之高濃度有機及無機殘留物(包括水溶性木質素)之未漂白纖維素配料之造紙機排水性能。在用於此等纖維素配料之薄料中之水溶性木質素之濃度基於總紙漿漿料重量計在自50 ppm至高達2500重量ppm之木質素之範圍內,較佳在自75 ppm至高達2500 ppm之範圍內。總紙漿漿料重量係定義為該漿料(包含水及纖維素纖維)之總重量。此等聚合物已證實比習知絮凝劑對有機殘留物(諸如木質素)具有更大耐受性,及因此可在此等應用中發揮作用。另外,聚(二烷基胺基烷基(甲基)丙烯醯胺)之交聯形式已證實排水性能隨有機物及可溶性木質素之濃度之增加而增加。 該方法中利用之纖維素紙漿係含有來自製漿過程之高濃度可溶性有機及無機殘留物之未漂白系統。紙漿之來源係基於纖維素之原材料,其等包括(例如,但不限於):基於木材之原材料軟木材(諸如松樹、雲杉、柏樹、冷杉、鐵杉及雪松)及硬木材(包括樺木、榆樹、桉樹、橡樹、楊樹及楓樹);及基於植物之原材料(諸如農業殘留物、草、秸稈、樹皮、棉、玉米、小麥、甘蔗渣、竹子、蘆葦、海藻、真菌及/或其組合)。 用以獲得紙漿漿料之製漿過程具有存在於所得紙漿漿料中之殘留有機物及無機物。此等製漿過程包括(但不限於)化學製漿,諸如硫酸鹽、亞硫酸鹽及蘇打;機械方法,其等包括石頭磨木(SG)、精製機機械紙漿(RMP)、加壓磨木(PG)及熱機械紙漿(TMP);混合化學–機械方法,其等包括中性亞硫酸鹽半化學物質(NSSC)及半熱機械紙漿(CTMP);及其組合。 來自製漿過程之有機及無機殘留物可包括過量之蒸煮化學物質,耗費蒸煮化學物質、樹脂酸、脂肪酸、鹼性木質素、羥基酸、內酯、鈉、乙酸、甲酸、硫磺、提取物、甲醇、木質素磺酸鹽、單醣(甘露糖、木糖、半乳糖、葡萄糖及阿拉伯糖)、聚醣及寡醣、鈣、醛糖酸、糖-磺酸鹽、提取物及葡萄糖醛酸。 在洗滌階段後之未漂白紙漿係鹼性pH,其取決於本色漿洗滌過程及效用而在7至12之範圍內變化。紙漿可然後取決於所需之最終紙性質而以稠度稀釋及精製為目標CSF (加拿大標準游離度)。該紙漿之進一步精製將導致增加之可印刷性,但需要更多能源及更難以在造紙機上脫水。在流漿箱處之過程pH係酸性至中性的;pH自鹼性至中性或酸性pH之此減小係藉由當將該紙漿稀釋至薄料稠度時添加無機酸完成。氧化鋁源(通常硫酸鋁(造紙明礬))亦可在薄料稀釋點添加以進一步減小pH。 纖維素漿料亦可含有各種過程或功能添加劑,其意欲改善造紙機處理或向最終形成之板賦予特定性質。此等添加劑包括上漿劑、澱粉、沈積控制劑、礦物填充劑、顏料、填充劑、有機或無機凝聚劑、習知絮凝劑或向紙漿中添加之其他常見添加劑。此等添加劑可為天然生成、經改性之天然產品、合成產品或其混合物。 已形成之板可以單層形式產生,其中採用一個流漿箱,或使用形成複合板之多個層,其中利用兩個或更多個流漿箱。 本發明中利用之陽離子聚合物係製造自至少50莫耳%或至少70莫耳%或較佳至少90莫耳%之陽離子單體,較佳大於95重量%之陽離子單體。該陽離子聚合物可為100莫耳%之一或更多種陽離子單體。該陽離子聚合物可為均聚物。 該聚合物係自一或更多種烯鍵式不飽和陽離子單體之聚合所形成之陽離子聚合物。該等陽離子單體可包括(例如但不限於):N,N-二烷基胺基烷基(甲基)丙烯醯胺,諸如N,N-二甲基胺基乙基丙烯醯胺、N,N-二甲基胺基乙基甲基丙烯醯胺、N,N-二甲基胺基丙基丙烯醯胺、N,N-二甲基胺基丙基甲基丙烯醯胺、N,N-二乙基胺基乙基丙烯醯胺、N,N-二乙基胺基乙基甲基丙烯醯胺、N,N-二乙基胺基丙基丙烯醯胺、N,N-二乙基胺基丙基甲基丙烯醯胺及/或其鹽及季鹽(quaternaries);及/或其組合。 較佳地,該聚合物基於總單體計含有小於10莫耳%之非離子單體或小於5莫耳%之非離子單體。該聚合物可含有自0至5莫耳%之非離子單體或自0至小於10莫耳%之非離子單體。較佳地,該所得聚合物係至少90莫耳%之陽離子單體。非離子單體可包括(例如但不限於):丙烯醯胺;甲基丙烯醯胺;N-烷基丙烯醯胺,諸如N-甲基丙烯醯胺;N,N-二烷基丙烯醯胺,諸如N,N-二甲基丙烯醯胺;丙烯酸甲酯;甲基丙烯酸甲酯;丙烯腈;N-乙烯基甲基乙醯胺;N-乙烯基甲醯胺;N-乙烯基甲基甲醯胺;乙酸乙烯酯;N-乙烯基甲基甲醯胺;乙酸乙烯酯;N-乙烯基吡咯啶酮;羥基烷基(甲基)丙烯酸酯,諸如羥乙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯及/或羥丙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯;及/或其任何組合。 單體之聚合亦可以多官能單體或劑之使用發生以形成分支或交聯聚合物。該等多官能單體含有兩個或更多個烯鍵式不飽和鍵。該等多官能單體可為水溶性或油溶性的。含有至少兩個雙鍵之多官能單體之實例包括(但不限於):N,N-亞甲基雙(甲基)丙烯醯胺;聚乙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯;聚丙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯;聚乙二醇二(甲基)丙烯醯胺;聚丙二醇二(甲基)丙烯醯胺;三烯丙基銨鹽;三羥甲基丙烷三(甲基)丙烯酸酯;新戊四醇四(甲基)丙烯酸酯;N-甲基烯丙基丙烯醯胺及類似物。含有至少兩個反應基之多官能劑包括二醛,諸如乙二醛;二環氧化合物;表氯醇及類似物。多官能單體之濃度將基於總單體在自0.005莫耳%至0.1莫耳%或基於總單體在自0.005莫耳%至0.05莫耳%或基於總單體在自0.005莫耳%至0.03莫耳%之範圍內。 聚合物之UL (極低)黏度係用作溶液中聚合物流體動力學體積(HDV)之相對比較。該UL黏度係利用UL適應器(Brookfield Engineering, Middleboro, MA)量測。聚合物之UL黏度係藉由以下測定:將聚合物或聚合物乳液溶解於去離子水中,然後添加NaCl溶液以產生0.5%之聚合物濃度及1.0 M之NaCl濃度,及以Brookfield LVT黏度計,在25℃下使用#00 UL錠子量測該聚合物溶液之黏度。若該溶液黏度係在60 rpm下大於10 cps,則該溶液係在30 rpm下量測。該等聚合物之UL黏度隨該聚合物中利用之多官能單體之濃度而減小。本發明中使用而不產生任何多官能單體之該等聚合物之UL黏度係在2與25 cps之間,及較佳在5與15之間。以多官能單體產生之該等聚合物之UL黏度係在2與15 cps之間,及較佳在1.2與5 cps之間。 本發明聚合物之動態流變性質係經量測以表徵因多官能單體之濃度產生之機械活性纒結之程度。G'儲存模數隨多官能單體之濃度增加而增加。該等流變性質係用聚合物溶液以於去離子水中之3.0%活性物質(w/w),利用配備40 mm平行盤之TA儀器(New Castle, DE) DHR-II受控應力流變計在25℃下進行測定。頻率掃描係用該流變計以動態振盪模式,在經測定位於線性黏彈性區域內之恆定應力,及1至100弧度之頻率範圍下進行。該聚合物溶液之G'儲存模數係在40弧度每秒下記錄。就本發明中使用之聚合物而言,該聚合物溶液之G'儲存模數係大於50帕斯卡,及較佳大於75帕斯卡。 反相(油包水)乳液聚合方法包括:(1)製備一或更多種烯鍵式不飽和陽離子單體(彼等上文描述者之非限制性實例)之水溶液,(2)使該水溶液與含有適當之乳化表面活性劑或乳化表面活性劑之混合物之烴液接觸以形成反相單體乳液,(3)使該反相單體乳液經歷游離自由基聚合,及視需要(4)添加一或更多種破乳表面活性劑(breaker surfactant)以在添加至水中時增強該乳液之反相。 乳液之聚合可以熟習此項技術者已知的任何方式進行。起始可用包括以下之各種熱引發劑實現:偶氮化合物(諸如2,2'-偶氮雙-(2,4-二甲基戊腈)及偶氮雙異丁腈)、有機過氧化物(諸如過氧化二月桂醯)及類似物。聚合亦可藉由「氧化還原作用」或還原–氧化對起始。此等可包括許多氧化劑,通常有機過氧化物,諸如過氧化二月桂醯、氫過氧化異丙苯、雙異苯丙基過氧化物及過氧化氫。還原劑包括偏亞硫酸氫鈉及過渡金屬(諸如硫酸亞鐵)。 較佳之引發劑係油溶性熱引發劑。典型之非限制性實例包括2,2'-偶氮雙-(2,4-二甲基戊腈);2,2'-偶氮雙異丁腈(AIBN);2,2'-偶氮雙-(2,-甲基丁腈);1,1'-偶氮雙(環己烷甲腈);過氧化苯甲醯及過氧化二月桂醯。 可使用熟習此項技術者已知的鏈轉移劑中之任何一者以控制分子量。彼等包括(例如但不限於)低碳數烷基醇(諸如異丙醇)、胺、硫醇(諸如巰基乙醇)、亞磷酸鹽、硫代酸、烯丙醇、甲酸及類似物。 水相亦可包含視需要之習知添加劑。例如,混合物可含有如上文描述之螯合劑、pH調節劑、引發劑、鏈轉移劑及/或其他習知添加劑。該水相之pH係在2至7之範圍內,較佳在4至6之範圍內。 烴液可包含直鏈烴、支鏈烴、飽和環烴、芳族烴及/或其組合。 熟習此項技術者通常已知用於反相(油包水)乳液聚合方法中之乳液表面活性劑。此等表面活性劑通常具有取決於全部組合物之親水親油平衡(HLB)值之範圍。乳化表面活性劑之選擇及量係經選擇以產生用於聚合之反相單體乳液。該等乳液表面活性劑中之一或更多者係經選擇以獲得特定HLB值。 乳化表面活性劑或乳化表面活性劑之混合物可包含至少一種二嵌段及/或三嵌段聚合表面活性劑。該等二嵌段及三嵌段聚合表面活性劑可包括(例如,但不限於):基於脂肪酸及聚[環氧乙烷]之聚酯衍生物之二嵌段及三嵌段共聚物,諸如市售自Croda (New Castle, DE)之Hypermer® B246SF;基於聚異丁烯琥珀酸酐及聚[環氧乙烷]之二嵌段及三嵌段共聚物;環氧乙烷及環氧丙烷與乙二胺之反應產物;及/或其組合。 乳化表面活性劑或乳化表面活性劑之混合物亦可包含(例如,但不限於):山梨醇脂肪酸酯,諸如在商品名Atlas™ G-946下市售自Croda (New Castle, DE)之山梨醇單油酸酯;乙氧基化山梨醇脂肪酸酯;聚乙氧基化山梨醇脂肪酸酯;烷基酚之環氧乙烷及/或環氧丙烷加合物;長鏈醇或脂肪酸之環氧乙烷及/或環氧丙烷加合物;混合之環氧乙烷/環氧丙烷嵌段共聚物;烷醇醯胺;磺基琥珀酸酯;及其組合。 破乳表面活性劑係額外之表面活性劑,其等可添加至乳液以在基於乳液產品以通常乳液之0.25至3%之濃度將該乳液添加至水中時促進反相。該等破乳表面活性劑可包括(例如但不限於):環氧乙烷(EO)/環氧丙烷(PO)二嵌段(AB)及三嵌段(ABA或BAB)共聚物、乙氧基化醇、醇乙氧基化物、山梨醇之乙氧基化酯、脂肪酸之乙氧基化酯、乙氧基化脂肪酸酯及山梨醇之乙氧基化酯及脂肪酸或前述中任何一者之組合。 陽離子聚合物可以有效達成絮凝之任何量添加至紙漿漿料。在一項實施例中,如上文描述之聚合物之量可以大於0.05 lbs聚合物/噸乾纖維素紙漿固體,或約0.02至4 lbs聚合物/噸乾纖維素紙漿固體,或更佳0.05至2 lbs聚合物/噸纖維素紙漿固體之量添加至纖維素紙漿漿料。 陽離子聚合物可在於造紙機之濕端中之前及/或同時添加至紙漿漿料以在造紙過程期間增加紙漿漿料之排水性能。通常,滯流及排水助劑係在接近其中紙漿漿料被稱為「薄料」之造紙機之形成區處添加至該紙漿漿料。紙漿漿料之典型添加點包括在風扇式泵前、在風扇式泵後、在壓力篩前及/或在壓力篩後之進料點。陽離子聚合物亦可在稀釋成薄料前添加至「厚料」;添加點包括調漿箱、成漿池、混合槽及類似物。 陽離子聚合物亦可與無機矽質材料一起使用。該矽質材料可為選自由以下組成之群之材料中之任何一者:基於二氧化矽之顆粒、二氧化矽微凝膠、膠體二氧化矽、二氧化矽溶膠、二氧化矽凝膠、聚矽酸鹽、陽離子二氧化矽、鋁矽酸鹽、聚鋁矽酸鹽、硼矽酸鹽、聚硼矽酸鹽、沸石及膨脹性黏土。當該矽質材料係膨脹性黏土時,其可通常為膨潤土型黏土。較佳之黏土係可於水中膨脹且包括天然水可膨脹黏土或可經改性(例如,藉由離子交換)以使其等成為水可膨脹的黏土。合適之水可膨脹黏土包括(但不限於)通常被稱為鋰膨潤石、膨潤石、蒙脫土、綠脫石、皂石、鋅膨潤石、纖維棒石(hormite)、凹凸棒石(attapulgite)及海泡石之黏土。該矽質材料係基於纖維素紙漿固體之重量計以50 ppm (以重量/重量計)與10,000重量ppm之間之量,或基於纖維素紙漿固體計以100 ppm至2000重量ppm之更佳劑量施用。 本發明提供製造紙之方法,其包括向纖維素紙漿漿料之水性懸浮液中添加呈包含陽離子型聚N,N-(二烷基胺基烷基)(甲基)丙烯醯胺或其季鹽(quaternates)或鹽之反相乳液之形式之聚合物,及使該纖維素紙漿漿料脫水以形成紙或紙板產品,其中該紙漿漿料基於總紙漿漿料重量計含有大於約50及較佳大於75重量ppm之水溶性木質素。該聚合物基於纖維素紙漿固體計可以0.001至1重量%之劑量或以0.01至1重量%之劑量添加至該紙漿漿料中。該聚合物可具有小於15.0 cps或小於10 cps之0.5%活性UL黏度。 本發明亦提供製造紙之方法,其包括向纖維素紙漿漿料之水性懸浮液中添加呈包含陽離子型聚N,N-(二烷基胺基烷基)(甲基)丙烯醯胺或其季鹽或鹽之反相乳液之形式之聚合物,及使該纖維素紙漿漿料脫水以形成紙或紙板產品,其中該紙漿漿料基於總紙漿漿料重量計含有大於約50及較佳大於75重量ppm之水溶性木質素。該聚合物基於纖維素紙漿固體計可以0.001至1重量%之劑量或以0.01至1重量%之劑量添加至該紙漿漿料中。該聚合物基於總單體計可含有大於約25莫耳ppm之多官能單體。該聚合物可具有在40 rads/s之頻率下大於75 Pa之3%活性聚合物溶液之G’儲存模數,及小於15.0 cps或小於10之0.5%活性UL黏度。 如前述發明中任一項之方法,其中該纖維素紙漿漿料係未漂白。 如前述發明中任一項之方法,其中該紙漿漿料基於總紙漿漿料重量計含有大於約100重量ppm之水溶性木質素。 如前述發明中任一項之方法,其中該陽離子型聚N,N-(二烷基胺基烷基)(甲基)丙烯醯胺或其季鹽包含大於90%之陽離子單體。 如前述發明中任一項之方法,其中該陽離子型聚N,N-(二烷基胺基烷基)(甲基)丙烯醯胺及/或其季鹽包含大於95%之陽離子單體。 如前述發明中任一項之方法,其中該陽離子型聚N,N-(二烷基胺基烷基)(甲基)丙烯醯胺或其季鹽係選自由以下組成之群:N,N-二甲基胺基乙基丙烯醯胺、N,N-二甲基胺基乙基甲基丙烯醯胺、N,N-二甲基胺基丙基丙烯醯胺、N,N-二甲基胺基丙基甲基丙烯醯胺、N,N-二乙基胺基乙基丙烯醯胺、N,N-二乙基胺基乙基甲基丙烯醯胺、N,N-二乙基胺基丙基丙烯醯胺、N,N-二乙基胺基丙基甲基丙烯醯胺及其鹽及季鹽;及/或其組合。 如前述發明中任一項之方法,其中該陽離子型聚N,N-(二烷基胺基烷基)(甲基)丙烯醯胺包含N,N-二甲基胺基丙基丙烯醯胺或其季鹽。 如前述發明中任一項之方法,其中該陽離子聚合物進一步包含選自由以下組成之群之非離子單體:丙烯醯胺;甲基丙烯醯胺;N-烷基丙烯醯胺;N,N-二烷基丙烯醯胺;丙烯酸甲酯;甲基丙烯酸甲酯;丙烯腈;N-乙烯基甲基乙醯胺;N-乙烯基甲醯胺;N-乙烯基甲基甲醯胺;乙酸乙烯酯;N-乙烯基甲基甲醯胺;乙酸乙烯酯;N-乙烯基吡咯啶酮;羥基烷基(甲基)丙烯酸酯;及其組合。 如前述發明中任一項之方法,其中該聚合物基於總單體計包含自0%高達10莫耳%之非離子單體,其中該所得聚合物含有至少90莫耳%之陽離子單體。 如前述發明中任一項之方法,其中該聚合物基於總單體計包含自0%至高達5莫耳%之非離子單體,其中該所得聚合物含有至少95莫耳%之陽離子單體。 如前述發明中任一項之方法,其中該聚合物進一步包含多官能單體。 如前述發明中任一項之方法,其中該聚合物係基於纖維素紙漿固體之重量計以0.01至1重量%之劑量添加至紙漿漿料中。 如前述發明中任一項之方法,其中該聚合物具有小於10.0 cps之0.5%活性UL黏度。 如前述發明中任一項之方法,其進一步包括添加矽質材料。 如前述發明中任一項之方法,其中該矽質材料係選自由以下組成之群:基於二氧化矽之顆粒、二氧化矽微凝膠、非晶形二氧化矽、膠體二氧化矽、陰離子膠體二氧化矽、二氧化矽溶膠、二氧化矽凝膠、聚矽酸鹽、聚矽酸及其組合。 如前述發明中任一項之方法,其中該聚合物基於總單體計含有在50與500莫耳ppm之間之多官能單體。 如前述發明中任一項之方法,其中將至少一種額外之凝聚劑或絮凝劑添加至紙漿漿料中。該一種額外之凝聚劑或絮凝劑可為水溶性的。 如前述發明中任一項之方法,其中該纖維素紙漿漿料基於纖維素紙漿固體之重量計具有小於5重量%之填充劑。填充劑之一實例係高嶺土或二氧化鈦。
實例 下列實例顯示使用反相(油包水)乳液聚合方法製造陽離子聚合物之方法。另外,下列實例闡述含有因向紙漿漿料中添加至少一種大體上陽離子聚合物產生之有機及無機紙漿廠殘留物之未漂白紙漿漿料之增加的排水性能。此等實例僅闡述本發明揭示及/或主張之本發明概念及不應視為將本發明揭示及/或主張之本發明概念限制於本文揭示之特定之化合物、方法、條件或應用。 實例1至10:如本文描述製備聚合物之樣品。將石蠟油(140 g, Conosol™ C170油,市售自Calumet Specialty Products, Karns City, PA)之油相及乳化表面活性劑(15 g Hypermer™ 1031, Croda, New Castle, DE)裝入合適之配備頂置式4刀片機械攪拌器、加熱套、溫度計、氮噴射管、真空泵、調節器及分餾阱之玻璃真空反應燒瓶中。 單獨製備水相,其包含於水(333.3 g)、去離子水(61.16 g)及Versenex™ 80 (Dow Chemical) 螯合劑溶液(0.18 g)中之60重量%之二甲基胺基丙基丙烯醯胺氯化物溶液。該水相係然後添加約1.2公克之濃硫酸以調整至pH 5.0。 然後在周圍溫度下將水相裝入油相中,同時用機械攪拌器混合,然後再混合乳液10分鐘。接著,該混合物係用Braun手持攪拌器均質30秒以獲得穩定之油包水乳液。此乳液係經氮噴射60分鐘,而該乳液之溫度係增加至61℃。在該過程中持續混合該乳液。然後,中斷噴射,密封反應器,將真空施加至125 torr之水平及蒸餾去除水以減小57℃之反應器溫度。 聚合係藉由添加5 ml 2,2'-偶氮雙-(2,4-二甲基戊腈)於Conosol C170油中之1.5%溶液(V-65, Wako Chemicals, Richmond, VA),基於單體之總莫耳對應於300莫耳ppm之引發劑起始。藉由溫度增加至58℃及產生蒸餾水證實反應開始。該反應繼續直至溫度下降至55℃。移除真空,施加氮噴射,及使用外部加熱套將該反應加熱至75℃。然後將該反應冷卻至45℃,及添加0.61公克偏亞硫酸氫鈉之30%水溶液(Sigma Aldrich, Milwaukee, WI)。將其冷卻及添加包含10公克Genapol LA 070S (Clariant, Charlotte, NC)之破乳表面活性劑。 此等首字母縮略詞將用於下列實例中: DIMAPA -二甲基胺基丙基丙烯醯胺 DIMAPA-Q -二甲基胺基丙基丙烯醯胺氯化物 DIMAPMA-Q -二甲基胺基丙基甲基丙烯醯胺氯化物 ADAME-Q -2-二甲基胺基丙烯酸乙酯氯化物 AM –丙烯醯胺 MBA –亞甲基雙丙烯醯胺 MFM –多官能單體 額外之實例及比較實例係根據實例1以下列修改製備: 表1
進行一系列排水測試以評估來自表1之聚合物樣品之性能。使用來自美國南部原始掛麵紙板製造商之厚料成漿池紙漿樣品以製備一系列排水測試中之測試配料;資料係提供於下表2、3及4中。厚料稠度係在3.6重量%之範圍內及pH係在9至10之範圍內。稠度係經稀釋至0.8%,pH係用濃硫酸調整至5.0,添加0.15%硫酸鈉以達成2500 μS/cm之總電導率,及添加Indulin C (Mead Westvaco, North Charleston, SC)以達成基於總紙漿漿料重量之349重量ppm之總水溶性木質素濃度。所有後續實例中之水溶性木質素之濃度係基於總紙漿漿料重量之重量ppm。本發明之排水活性係利用動態排水分析儀(「DDA」)(市售自AB Akribi Kemikonsulter, Sundsvall, Sweden之測試設備)進行測定。該測試裝置向分離介質之底部施加300 mbar之真空。該裝置電子量測在施加真空與真空破壞點之間的時間,即空氣/水界面通過增稠纖維墊之時間。將此值作為排水時間進行記錄。較低之排水時間係較佳的。將500 ml儲備液添加至DDA及排水測試係在300 mbar應力之總儀器真空下進行。 可溶性木質素之濃度係藉由在280 nm之波長下使用Ocean Optics (Dunedin, FL) USB 4000分光光度計量測經過濾之配料樣品之吸光度進行測定。木質素之定量濃度係測定自校準曲線,其藉由量測一系列在50至1000重量ppm之範圍內之變化濃度下之Indulin C硫酸鹽木質素在280 nm下之吸光度進行推導。 所有實驗中之處理劑量係15磅每噸十二水合硫酸鋁(Delta Chemical, Baltimore, MD),然後接著係來自表1之排水助劑處理中之任何一者。此系列實驗亦利用市售排水助劑Hercobond® 6950 (Solenis, Wilmington, DE),其係經改性之聚乙烯基胺。在添加劑之間及在開始排水測試前最後一次添加添加劑後利用十秒混合時間。該等劑量係基於乾紙漿之所有聚合物產品。已記錄之排水時間係3次測試重複之平均值。 表2
表3
表4
資料證實相較於習知ADAM-E / AM排水助劑聚合物,本發明聚合物提供更佳(較低之排水時間)的排水。市售排水助劑Hercobond 6950產品在此高木質素環境中係無效的。相較於實例1,當用多官能單體MBA改性時,在實例2、4、5及6中亦可見改善。 進行其他實驗系列以闡述可溶性木質素對習知排水助劑之性能之不利影響。利用上文實例中之相同厚料,但用去離子水反復洗滌以自紙漿漿料移除可溶性木質素。利用包含200織物經緯密度之織物,因此無細小纖維係自紙漿漿料移除。配料係然後如上文製備,但最初未添加木質素。該可溶性木質素係在30重量ppm下量測。進行第一系列之排水研究,然後儲備液係藉由添加270重量ppm之Indulin AT (Mead Westvaco, North Charleston, SC)進行改性以達成300重量ppm之總可溶性木質素含量。表5中之資料闡述來自市售排水助劑Hercobond 6950在低木質素受質中之有效排水反應。市售產品之排水受木質素自30至300重量ppm之增加之不利影響。此在表2中亦顯而易見,其中該Hercobond 6950在含有350重量ppm之水溶性木質素之配料中係無效的。 表5
排水研究之其他系列係利用來自第二美國南部原始掛麵紙板製造商之儲備液進行。利用具有精製成漿池厚料(refined machine chest thick stock)及網下白水(tray water)之樣品以製備測試配料以複製實際造紙機條件。最終稠度係0.4%,pH係5.2,電導率係3250 μS/cm,及水溶性木質素係99重量ppm。利用用於先前樣品中之DDA之相同排水方法。此實驗系列係用每噸乾配料紙漿9磅明礬進行。資料係呈現於表6中,及證實來自本發明聚合物之良好排水性能。 表6
排水研究之其他系列係利用來自第三美國南部原始掛麵紙板製造商之儲備液進行。利用具有精製成漿池厚料及網下白水之樣品以製備測試配料以複製實際造紙機條件。最終稠度係0.6%,pH係5.0,電導率係2250 μS/cm,及可溶性木質素係30重量ppm。利用用於先前樣品中之DDA之相同排水方法。此實驗系列係用每噸18磅明礬。此實驗系列亦利用市售排水助劑Hercobond® 6950 (Solenis, Wilmington, DE),其係經改性之聚乙烯基胺。資料係呈現於表7中,及證實相較於市售排水助劑(其不提供在未處理系統上之排水反應),來自本發明聚合物之良好排水性能。 表7
排水研究之其他系列係利用來自第四美國南部原始掛麵紙板製造商之儲備液進行。利用具有精製成漿池厚料及網下白水之樣品以製備測試配料以複製實際造紙機條件。最終稠度係0.6%,pH係4.2,電導率係3050 μS/cm,水溶性木質素係325重量ppm。利用用於先前樣品中之DDA之相同排水方法。此實驗系列係用每噸19磅明礬進行。聚合物劑量係基於所收聚合物基礎。資料係呈現於表8中,及相較於未處理之系統,聚合物實例1及4提供有效排水反應。 表8
排水研究之其他系列係利用來自第三美國南部原始掛麵紙板製造商之儲備液(表7)進行,其中木質素濃度對本發明聚合物之排水之影響係經評估。木質素於配料中之濃度初始係30重量ppm,及係藉由添加顯著濃度之硫酸鹽木質素(Indulin C, Mead Westvaco, North Charleston, SC)或木質素磺酸鹽(Borrosperse NA, LignoTech USA, Bridgewater, NJ)而增加。利用具有精製成漿池厚料及網下白水之樣品以製備測試配料以複製實際造紙機條件。初始稠度係0.4%,pH係5.0,電導率係2320 μS/cm。在木質素之各添加後,將pH調整至5.0。利用用於先前樣品中之DDA之相同排水方法。此實驗系列係用每噸18磅明礬進行。資料係呈現於表9中。基於總單體計經200莫耳ppm之MBA改性之實例4之排水變得比對照更快。實例4一經添加木質素-磺酸鹽(高度陰離子木質素)仍維持有效排水反應。 表9
排水研究之其他系列係利用來自第一美國南部原始掛麵紙板製造商之經改性之儲備液(表2、3及4)進行。在此實驗系列中,利用二甲基胺基丙基甲基丙烯醯胺氯化物之均聚物。資料係呈現於表10中,及使用用此單體製備之線性及交聯聚合物闡述有效排水反應。 表10
Claims (22)
- 一種製造紙之方法,其包括向纖維素紙漿漿料之水性懸浮液中添加呈包含陽離子型聚N,N-(二烷基胺基烷基)(甲基)丙烯醯胺或其季鹽(quaternates)或鹽之反相乳液之形式之聚合物;及使該纖維素紙漿漿料脫水以形成紙或紙板產品; 其中該紙漿漿料基於總紙漿漿料重量計含有大於約75重量ppm之水溶性木質素。
- 如請求項1之方法,其中該聚合物進一步包含多官能單體。
- 一種製造紙之方法,其包括向纖維素紙漿漿料之水性懸浮液中添加呈包含陽離子型聚N,N-(二烷基胺基烷基)(甲基)丙烯醯胺或其季鹽或鹽之反相乳液之形式之聚合物;及使該纖維素紙漿漿料脫水以形成紙或紙板產品, 其中該紙漿漿料基於總紙漿漿料重量計含有大於約75重量ppm之水溶性木質素,及 其中該聚合物基於總單體計含有大於約25莫耳ppm之多官能單體,及 其中該聚合物在40 rads/s之頻率下具有大於75 Pa之3%活性聚合物溶液之G’儲存模數。
- 如請求項2至3中任一項之方法,其中該聚合物基於總單體計含有在50與500莫耳ppm之間之多官能單體。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之方法,其中該纖維素紙漿漿料係未漂白的。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之方法,其中該紙漿漿料基於總紙漿漿料重量計含有大於約100重量ppm之水溶性木質素。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之方法,其中該聚合物包含大於90%之陽離子單體。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之方法,其中該聚合物包含大於95%之陽離子單體。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之方法,其中該陽離子型聚N,N-(二烷基胺基烷基)(甲基)丙烯醯胺或其季鹽或其鹽係自一或更多種陽離子單體之聚合反應形成,其中至少一種陽離子單體係選自由以下組成之群:N,N-二甲基胺基乙基丙烯醯胺、N,N-二甲基胺基乙基甲基丙烯醯胺、N,N-二甲基胺基丙基丙烯醯胺、N,N-二甲基胺基丙基甲基丙烯醯胺、N,N-二乙基胺基乙基丙烯醯胺、N,N-二乙基胺基乙基甲基丙烯醯胺、N,N-二乙基胺基丙基丙烯醯胺、N,N-二乙基胺基丙基甲基丙烯醯胺及其鹽及季鹽;及/或其組合。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之方法,其中該陽離子型聚N,N-(二烷基胺基烷基)(甲基)丙烯醯胺包含N,N-二甲基胺基丙基丙烯醯胺或其季鹽。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之方法,其中該陽離子聚合物進一步包含選自由以下組成之群之非離子單體:丙烯醯胺;甲基丙烯醯胺;N-烷基丙烯醯胺;N,N-二烷基丙烯醯胺;丙烯酸甲酯;甲基丙烯酸甲酯;丙烯腈;N-乙烯基甲基乙醯胺;N-乙烯基甲醯胺;N-乙烯基甲基甲醯胺;乙酸乙烯酯;N-乙烯基甲基甲醯胺;乙酸乙烯酯;N-乙烯基吡咯啶酮;羥基烷基(甲基)丙烯酸酯;及其組合。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之方法,其中該聚合物基於總單體計包含自0%至高達10莫耳%之非離子單體,及其中該所得聚合物含有大於90莫耳%之陽離子單體。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之方法,其中該聚合物基於總單體計包含自0%至高達5莫耳%之非離子單體,其中該所得聚合物含有大於95莫耳%之陽離子單體。
- 如請求項3之方法,其中該聚合物進一步包含多官能單體。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之方法,其中該聚合物係基於纖維素紙漿固體計以0.001至1重量%之劑量或基於纖維素紙漿固體之重量計以0.01至1重量%之劑量添加至該紙漿漿料中。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之方法,其中該聚合物具有小於15.0 cps之0.5%活性UL黏度。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之方法,其中該聚合物具有小於10.0 cps之0.5%活性UL黏度。
- 如請求項1之方法,其進一步包括將矽質材料添加至該纖維素紙漿漿料中。
- 如請求項15之方法,其中該矽質材料係選自由以下組成之群:基於二氧化矽之顆粒、二氧化矽微凝膠、非晶形二氧化矽、膠體二氧化矽、陰離子膠體二氧化矽、二氧化矽溶膠、二氧化矽凝膠、聚矽酸鹽、聚矽酸及其組合。
- 如請求項1至3之方法,其中將至少一種額外之凝聚劑或絮凝劑添加至該紙漿漿料中。
- 如請求項18之方法,其中該一種額外之凝聚劑或絮凝劑係水溶性的。
- 如請求項1至3之方法,其中該纖維素紙漿漿料基於該等纖維素紙漿固體之重量計具有小於5重量%之填充劑。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201662375780P | 2016-08-16 | 2016-08-16 | |
| US62/375,780 | 2016-08-16 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW201812139A true TW201812139A (zh) | 2018-04-01 |
Family
ID=59895357
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW106127762A TW201812139A (zh) | 2016-08-16 | 2017-08-16 | 使用含有機殘留物之未漂白纖維素紙漿懸浮液製造紙之方法 |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20180051417A1 (zh) |
| TW (1) | TW201812139A (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2018035109A1 (zh) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112218930A (zh) * | 2018-04-04 | 2021-01-12 | 索理思科技公司 | 将强度添加剂泡沫辅助施用到纸制产品 |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA3196967A1 (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2022-05-05 | Davit Edward Sharoyan | Method of increasing efficiency of chemical additives in papermaking systems |
| EP4256131A4 (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2024-12-04 | AGC Chemicals Americas, Inc. | Treated article, methods of making the treated article, and dispersion for use in making the treated article |
| BR102021013935A2 (pt) | 2021-07-15 | 2023-01-24 | Klabin S.A. | Papel dispersível, processo de produção do mesmo, embalagem e uso do dito papel |
| SE545923C2 (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2024-03-19 | Stora Enso Oyj | Multi-ply liner with washed neutral sulfite semi chemical pulp and method for its manufacturing |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4313790A (en) | 1980-03-31 | 1982-02-02 | Pulp And Paper Research Institute Of Canada | Additives for increased retention and pitch control in paper manufacture |
| JPS6245798A (ja) | 1985-08-22 | 1987-02-27 | デイック・ハーキユレス株式会社 | 製紙用添加剤 |
| JPH0768678B2 (ja) | 1985-10-04 | 1995-07-26 | 日本ピー・エム・シー株式会社 | 製紙用添加剤 |
| US5167766A (en) | 1990-06-18 | 1992-12-01 | American Cyanamid Company | Charged organic polymer microbeads in paper making process |
| JPH08269890A (ja) | 1995-03-30 | 1996-10-15 | Nippon P M C Kk | 製紙用添加剤及び製紙方法 |
| US20060142429A1 (en) * | 2004-12-29 | 2006-06-29 | Gelman Robert A | Retention and drainage in the manufacture of paper |
| CA2918468A1 (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2015-05-07 | Solenis Technologies Cayman, L.P. | Polyethylene oxide treatment for drainage agents and dry strength agents |
| WO2015070012A1 (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2015-05-14 | Solenis Technologies, L.P. | Surfactant based brown stock wash aid treatment for papermachine drainage and dry strength agents |
-
2017
- 2017-08-15 WO PCT/US2017/046921 patent/WO2018035109A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2017-08-15 US US15/677,370 patent/US20180051417A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2017-08-16 TW TW106127762A patent/TW201812139A/zh unknown
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112218930A (zh) * | 2018-04-04 | 2021-01-12 | 索理思科技公司 | 将强度添加剂泡沫辅助施用到纸制产品 |
| CN112218930B (zh) * | 2018-04-04 | 2023-11-14 | 索理思科技公司 | 将强度添加剂泡沫辅助施用到纸制产品 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20180051417A1 (en) | 2018-02-22 |
| WO2018035109A1 (en) | 2018-02-22 |
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