TW201819045A - Sludge shredder and shredding method thereof capable of achieving stable shredding process and obtaining uniform and fine sludge powder - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a vertical sludge shredder for shredding sludge blocks, which comprises a shell and shredding components. The shell is vertically disposed and comprises a cylinder and a top cover located on the upper end of the cylinder. The bottom of the cylinder is opened. The top cover and the upper portion of the sidewall of the shell are formed with a feeding inlet for feeding sludge blocks. The shredding components comprises a rotatable component and a fastening component located below the rotatable component. The rotatable component comprises a rotating shaft and one or more rotating arms, wherein the rotating arm is formed with one or more shredding components extended downwardly. The fastening component comprises a fastening bracket and a plurality of ring members. The shredding components on the rotating arms of the rotatable component and the plurality of ring members fastened on multiple supporting rods of the fastening component are arranged in a staggered manner, and each shredding component may be corresponded to the gap between two adjacent ring members. The present invention further relates to the method for shredding sludge blocks using the vertical sludge shredder.

Description

Sludge crusher and crushing method thereof

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of sludge drying, and to a crusher for crushing sludge masses during sludge drying, in particular to a vertical crusher and a method for crushing sludge masses.

[0002] The sludge drying process usually requires dehydration of the liquid sludge to treat the liquid sludge into solid sludge. The dewatering treatment generally uses solid-liquid separation equipment to perform solid-liquid separation of sludge, and the dewatered sludge forms a large block with a certain moisture content. In order to facilitate the subsequent landfill, solidification or drying of the sludge block For chemical treatment, larger sludge blocks need to be broken into smaller blocks. Compared with other solid-liquid separation equipment, the filter press can be used to obtain sludge blocks with high solids content, which has a water content of about 75% to 40%, and the sludge blocks have the characteristics of high hardness and non-breakability. . [0003] Common crushing equipment includes, but is not limited to, jaw crusher, cyclo crusher, cone crusher, hammer crusher, roller crusher and vibration crusher. These crushing equipment make the sludge block change from a larger block to a smaller block through the effect of the crushing part on the sludge block, so as to improve the sludge fluidity, thereby facilitating sludge transportation and subsequent treatment . However, there are many shortcomings in these crushing equipment. One of the prominent disadvantages is that the sludge blockage is easy to block the equipment during the sludge crushing process, and the size of the crushed small blocks is uneven, leading to equipment operation. It has poor persistence and affects the stability of sludge crushing, thereby increasing the difficulty of subsequent processing, especially during the drying process, it is difficult to further reduce the moisture content of the crushed sludge small blocks. Therefore, there is a need for a crusher and a crushing method that have a stable crushing process and can obtain uniform and fine sludge fragments.

[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a vertical sludge crusher. At least one crushing element is arranged in a vertically arranged housing of the vertical crusher. The crushing element includes a rotatable element and a fixed element arranged on top of each other, wherein the rotatable element is located above the fixed element. Through the rotation of the rotatable element relative to the fixed element, the sludge block can be broken into small pieces or fragments with uniform fineness. In this way, the fluidity of the small sludge pieces or fragments is not only improved, but also in the subsequent stage. In the drying process, the sludge small blocks or fragments are dried more uniformly, and then the process of processing the sludge blocks into powder particles is realized. [0005] In the vertical sludge crusher of the present invention, the rotatable element includes a rotating shaft and at least one rotating arm mounted on the rotating shaft. The upper end of the rotating shaft is rotatably located in a shaft hole formed on the top cover of the housing, and the rotating arm extends from the lower end of the rotating shaft at a certain angle toward the side wall of the housing, and on the rotating arm At least one crushing member protruding downward is provided; the fixing element comprises a fixed support and at least one ring, the fixed support having a central post and at least one support rod. The at least one support rod extends toward the side wall of the casing at an angle, one end of the at least one support rod is fixed on the center post, and the other end is connected to the side wall of the casing, and the at least one ring member The central pillars are respectively fixed to the at least one support rod at a certain interval along the length direction of the support rod. The axis of the rotating shaft of the rotatable element is parallel to the axis of the central post of the fixed element, wherein at least one crushing member on the at least one rotating arm is staggered with the at least one ring member fixed on the at least one strut. Arranged, and each crushing member may correspond to the interval between two adjacent ring members, so that when the rotatable element rotates relative to the fixed member, the at least one crushing member follows a corresponding one of the at least one ring member The ring member makes a circular motion. [0006] In the vertical sludge crusher of the present invention, the receiving surface of the fixing element for receiving the sludge block becomes uneven by providing discontinuous protrusions on the upper end of the ring member on the fixing element. uneven. Since the depression formed between adjacent protrusions can prevent the sludge block from being moved circumferentially with the rotation of the rotatable element, thereby positioning the sludge block, which is beneficial for crushing or cutting the sludge block. Thus, the phenomenon that the sludge block is deposited in the shell is reduced. [0007] In the vertical sludge crusher of the present invention, each element constituting the crushing element may be a separate element, and therefore, it may be selected according to the moisture content of the sludge block and the size to be crushed or sheared. Rotating elements and fixed elements, as well as their components or elements, can also be replaced based on the wear of the relevant components, so that the combination of crushing elements becomes convenient and flexible. [0008] In the vertical sludge crusher of the present invention, a shell having a different cross-sectional shape may be used as required and a feed port for sludge blocks may be formed on the top or side of the shell above the crushing element. Anywhere in the department to facilitate the configuration between the crusher and related equipment and save space. [0009] In the vertical sludge crusher of the present invention, the crushing element for crushing the sludge block can be crushed or cut out with a uniform size by previously determining an interval between a plurality of annular members provided on the fixed element. Small sludge or pieces of sludge. The interval between multiple ring pieces can not only prevent the sludge block from moving circumferentially with the rotatable element, but also can be used as a measure of broken or cut sludge small pieces or pieces, only allowed Small sludge pieces or fragments smaller than this interval are passed therethrough so that the sludge pieces are broken or sheared to a predetermined size. [0010] The present invention also provides a method for crushing sludge mass using the above-mentioned vertical crusher. The dewatered sludge mass is conveyed into the shell from the top or upper side of the shell of the crusher by using The rotatable element in the crushing element rotates relative to the fixed element, so that the rotating arm on the rotating shaft of the rotatable element has an impact on the sludge block and the crushing component cuts or cuts it, thereby obtaining small and uniform sludge pieces. Then, the sludge small pieces or pieces are dropped through the gap between the ring members provided on the fixing element and discharged out of the case through the lower opening of the case. [0011] The crushing element and method for crushing sludge blocks of the present invention can realize the fineness control of the crushed sludge. By selecting the various components or components of the crushing element of the present invention to combine them, small slugs or fragments of sludge that are expected and uniform in fineness are obtained. Due to the reduction of the sludge particle size, not only can the fluidity of the sludge small pieces be improved, but also the drying speed of the sludge during drying can be accelerated, thereby improving the drying efficiency, so that the treatment time and stability of the present invention It has advantages in terms of improving the porosity of the sludge after drying and facilitating the subsequent treatment and disposal of the sludge.

[0013] It should be understood that in order to clearly show the contents therein, the drawings herein are not drawn to scale, and the same or similar reference numerals indicate the same or similar parts or sections. [0014] FIGS. 1 and 2 schematically show a preferred embodiment of the crusher for crushing sludge blocks according to the present invention in the form of a perspective view and a sectional view, respectively. As shown in the figure, the vertical crusher 1 includes a casing 2 and a crushing element 3 for crushing sludge blocks, wherein the casing 2 is generally arranged vertically and may include a cylinder 202 and an upper end of the cylinder. The top cover 201, wherein the bottom of the cylinder 202 is opened downward. In addition, the housing 2 may be configured in other forms. For example, the cylindrical body 202 and the top cover 201 of the housing 2 may be integrally formed. The top cover 201 is formed as an upper end portion of the cylindrical body 202 whose top portion is closed. A feed port 203 for receiving the sludge block and a shaft hole 204 for receiving the rotating shaft may be formed on the top cover or the upper end 201, and the lower opening of the casing 2 is used to discharge the broken sludge small pieces. Body or pieces. A crushing element 3 is provided in the housing 2 near its lower opening. The crushing element 3 includes a rotatable element 30 and a fixed element 31, wherein the rotatable element 30 is located above the fixed element 31 and can rotate relative thereto. [0015] FIG. 3 shows the crusher of FIG. 1 in an exploded perspective view, FIG. 4 shows the crushing element located in the housing in a perspective view, and FIGS. 5 and 6 also show perspective views respectively. Rotatable and fixed elements of the crushing element. 3-6, in the housing 2 of the crusher 1, the rotatable element 30 and the fixed element 31 of the crushing element 3 are arranged vertically in series. The rotatable element 30 includes a rotating shaft 301 and one or more rotating arms 302 that cantilever outwardly at an angle from the lower end of the rotating shaft 301. Preferably, the rotating arm 302 extends outward at a right angle to the rotating shaft 301. For example, 2-10 rotating arms 302 may be distributed at a certain angular interval around the rotation axis 301. FIG. 3 shows that the two rotating arms 302 extend radially outward from the rotating shaft 301 at an angle of 180 °. Each rotary arm 302 is provided with one or more crushing members 303, for example, 2-8 crushing members, which can be arranged at a certain interval along the length direction of the rotary arm 302 or the radial direction of the casing 2, where each Each crushing member 303 may protrude downward perpendicular to the rotating arm 302, that is, substantially parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft 301. The crushing part may be referred to as a cutting part or a shearing part. It can be seen in FIGS. 2-5 that four crushing members 303 are arranged at intervals on each rotating arm 302. The crushing member 303 may have a rectangular cross-sectional shape in a thickness direction parallel to the rotation axis 301. Of course, the cross-sectional shape of the crushing member 303 may also be, for example, trapezoidal, oval, square, triangular, or other shapes. The crushing member 303 may form a straight line segment or an arc segment in the circumferential direction of the rotation around the rotation axis 301, and preferably it has a sharp end portion in front of the rotation direction. The crushing component 303 may be formed integrally with the rotating arm 302, or may be a separate component and fixed to the rotating arm 302 through a connection method known in the art. In the case where the crushing member 303 is a separate member, it can be replaced. Similarly, the rotating arm 302 can also be fixed to the rotating shaft 301 by a connection method known in the art. The known connection methods mentioned herein may include welding, keying, bolting, plugging, and the like. In addition, the crushing member 303 may be in the form of a cutter. [0016] Referring to FIGS. 2-4 and 6, the fixing element 31 includes a fixing support 310 and a ring member 313. The fixed support 310 has a center post 311 and one or more support rods 312 extending outward at an angle from the center post 311. The support rods 312 preferably extend outward from the center post 311 at a right angle. For example, 2-10 struts 312 may be distributed at an angular interval around the central pillar 311. One or more ring members 313 are positioned on the supporting rods 312, preferably on at least two supporting rods 312, so that the ring members 313 are positioned stably. For example, 2 to 8 ring members 313 may be arranged at a certain interval along the length of the support rod 312 or the radial direction of the housing, and each ring member 313 may be a ring or an arc segment, wherein the ring or The radius of the circular arc segment is associated with its position on the support bar, that is, the closer to the central column 311, the smaller the radius of the circular ring or arc segment. 3 and 6 show four ring members or rings 313 provided on the four supporting rods 312 at intervals, respectively. [0017] As shown in the figure, the upper end 301A of the rotation shaft 301 of the rotatable element 30 is rotatably disposed in a shaft hole 204 formed on the top cover 201 of the housing for receiving the rotation shaft 301, and it extends to the shaft The part outside the hole 204 is provided with a power input member 4 such as a gear or a pulley. The power input member 4 may be coupled with a driving device through a belt or a chain to drive the rotating shaft 301. One end of each support rod 312 of the fixing element 31 is connected to the center post 311, and the other end thereof is fixed to a wall near the lower opening of the housing 2, for example, installed in an opening 205 formed on the wall. Of course, it can also be fixed directly on the side wall by known connection methods. In FIG. 4, the four supporting rods 312 extend at right angles to the center post 311, respectively, and the two rotating arms 302 cantilever and protrude in opposite directions in the radial direction with respect to the rotating shaft 301. In order to stabilize the fixed support 310 of the fixing element 31, generally, more than three support rods 312 are provided, and these support rods extend outward from the outer surface of the center post 311 at the same angular interval with each other, and more than two ring members 313 may The same or different intervals are arranged on the supporting rods 312. In other words, adjacent rings or arc segments can be separated from each other by different distances along the support rod 312, wherein a ring or arc segment of a smaller radius is more than a ring or arc segment of a larger radius. It is close to the central column 311, and each ring or arc segment is stably positioned on two or more supporting rods 312, so that two ring members 313 adjacent to each other in the length direction of the supporting rods or the radial direction of the casing Keep a certain interval between them. The crushing members 303 on the rotating arm 302 of the rotatable element 30 may protrude downward into corresponding intervals between adjacent ring members 313, so that the plurality of crushing members 303 are arranged to intersect with the ring members 313, Then, when the rotating shaft 301 rotates, the crushing member 303 can perform a circular motion at a corresponding interval along the inner or outer periphery of the ring member 313. To help stabilize the rotation shaft 301, a plurality of rotation arms 302 are generally arranged symmetrically with respect to the rotation shaft 301. As shown in the figure, two rotating arms 302 are symmetrically arranged at an angle of 180 ° with each other, and there are four crushing parts or cutters 303 protruding downward in the length direction of the rotating arm 302, of which three crushing parts or cutters 303 are respectively located in corresponding spaces formed between two adjacent ring members 313. [0018] Referring to FIG. 3, since the housing 2 is disposed vertically, that is, perpendicular to the ground, the rotation axis 301 of the rotatable element 30 substantially coincides with the axis of the central column 311 of the fixed element 31, and the rotation axis 301 and the center The axis of the post 311 is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing 2. Preferably, the axis of the rotation axis and the central post coincides with the longitudinal axis of the housing. The rotating arm 302 and the support rod 312 are parallel to and close to each other, and because the crushing members 303 and the ring member 313 are staggered with each other, each of the crushing members 303 of the rotating arm 302 can extend to two adjacent ones on the support rod 312. Within the corresponding interval between the ring members 313, the width of the crushing member 303 in the length direction of the rotating arm or the radial direction of the casing is smaller than the corresponding interval between adjacent ring members 313 on the support rod 312 . In other words, the interval between two adjacent crushing members 303 is larger than the width of the corresponding ring member 313 on the support rod 312 in the length direction of the support rod, so that the rotatable element 30 is relatively to the fixed element 31 When rotating, each crushing member 303 is always located within a corresponding interval between two adjacent ring members 313, so that the crushing member 303 and the ring member 313 do not interfere. [0019] As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, in the plurality of ring members of the fixing member, each ring member 313 may have one or more spaced-apart protrusions 314, which are spaced by The known connection method is fixed on the upper surface of the ring member 313, and the width of the protrusion in the length direction of the support rod or the radial direction of the ring member may be equal to or smaller than the width of the ring member. These protrusions may also be formed integrally with the ring member. These protrusions 314 increase the thickness of a partial area of the ring member 313 in the axial direction of the center post 311, that is, the height of the ring member 313 in the longitudinal axis direction of the housing 2 at some positions. As described above, during the crushing process, the rotatable element 30 rotates relative to the fixed element 31, and the sludge block entering the crusher basically falls on the fixed element 31. Therefore, the discontinuous or incomplete surface formed by the upper surfaces of the plurality of ring members 313 of the fixing element becomes a bearing surface for receiving the sludge block. As the projections 314 on each ring member 313 make this bearing surface uneven, if the sludge blocks falling on the ring members 313 are smaller than the interval between the ring members, they will be removed from the housing 2 of the crusher. The lower opening is discharged, and most of the sludge blocks larger than these intervals are caught between the protrusions 314, and only a small part may move circumferentially with the rotating arm 302 of the rotatable element 30. Therefore, the ring member 313 These protrusions 314 are provided to help prevent the sludge mass falling on the ring member 313 from rotating with the rotary arm, so that most of the sludge mass is held on the fixed element 31. Therefore, the The crushing or cutting of the sludge block by the crushing member 303 becomes easier. 2 and 3, in order to align the rotation axis 301 of the rotatable element 30 with the central post 311 of the fixed element 31 to prevent the crushing member 303 from being adjacent to the ring member 313 during the rotation of the rotatable element A deviation occurs within a corresponding interval between them to affect the operation of the crushing component 303, and a shaft hole 315 is formed on the upper surface of the center pillar 311, where the shaft hole 315 may be a blind hole or a through hole. Shaft ends 301B of different diameters are formed at the lower end of the rotation shaft 301, and since the diameter of the shaft end 301B is different from the diameter of the rotation shaft 301, a shoulder is formed at the intersection of the two. The diameter of the shaft end 301B corresponds to the inner diameter of the shaft hole 315 of the center post 311, so that the shaft end 301B of the rotating shaft 301 is rotatably located in the shaft hole 315, and the end surface of the shoulder on the rotating shaft 301 can abut against The upper surface of the center pillar 311. This arrangement of the rotation shaft and the center pillar not only realizes the alignment of the rotation shaft 301 with the center pillar 311, but also ensures the support of the rotation shaft 301 by the center pillar 311. The closed end of the housing 2 or the shaft hole 204 on the top cover 201 and the shaft hole 315 on the central post 311 of the fixing element 31 respectively receive the upper end 301A and the lower end 301B of the rotating shaft 301, which not only ensures the relative stability of the crushing element 3 but also Simplified structure. [0021] In another embodiment, the structure of the rotating shaft and the center post may be interchanged. For example, a blind hole is formed on the end surface of the lower end 301B of the rotation shaft 301, and a short axis is formed on the upper end surface of the center post 311. And the diameter of the short shaft corresponds to the inner diameter of the blind hole of the rotation shaft, so that the short shaft is rotatably located in the blind hole, and the end face of the lower end 301B of the rotation shaft 301 abuts the upper end face of the center post 311, or Realize the rotation of the rotating shaft relative to the center column. [0022] In yet another embodiment, when the axis of the rotating shaft 301 of the rotatable element 30 and the axis of the central post 311 of the fixed element 31 substantially coincide, the rotating shaft 301 can be separated from the central post 311, that is, rotate The lower end of the shaft 301 and the upper end of the center post 311 are spaced apart from each other by a certain distance, but the crushing components can still be located in the corresponding interval between the adjacent ring pieces 313. [0023] In yet another embodiment, these protrusions on the upper surface of the ring member 313 can be removed, so that the bearing surface for receiving the sludge block is a discontinuous or incomplete flat surface. Although a part of the sludge block moves in a circumferential direction with the rotating arm 302 of the rotatable element 30, the efficiency of crushing can be improved for the sludge block with small fineness. [0024] In yet another embodiment, one of the rotating shaft 301 of the rotatable element 30 in the crushing element and the central post 311 of the fixed element 31 is adjustable relative to the other, so as to adjust the rotatable element 30 as required. The distance between the rotating arm 302 and the support rod 312 or the ring member 313 of the fixing element 31 relative to each other, so that the distance within which the crushing member 303 extends to the corresponding interval between two adjacent ring members 313 can be adjusted. [0025] In the crushing element, the width of the crushing member 303 in the radial direction of the casing may be significantly smaller than the interval between adjacent ring members, so that a larger distance is left between the crushing member 303 and the ring member 313. Clearances, for example, use thinner cutters instead of broken parts to increase the effect of cutting or cutting. The size of the gap can be determined based on the sludge pieces to be obtained, for example, a smaller gap can be used when cutting harder sludge blocks, and the crushing member 303 can be a pointed member. Larger gaps can be used if the slightly soft sludge is cut. In another embodiment, the front end and / or the rear end of the crushing component can be formed into a tip in the rotating circumferential direction, so that the crushing component can cut the sludge block regardless of whether the rotation axis rotates in the forward or reverse direction. [0026] The crushing element 3 of the crusher 1 of the present invention is provided near the lower opening of the casing 2 to facilitate the crushing of the sludge block. When the sludge mass is dropped from the upper feed opening 203 of the housing 2 to the lower crushing element 3 by means of its own gravity, the intermittent protrusions 314 on the ring member 313 of the fixing element are used to reduce the falling dirt. The mud block not only plays an impact role that is favorable for crushing, but also tends to keep the sludge block on the ring member immobile. The sludge mass falling on the receiving surface of the ring member is broken by being hit by the rotating arm 302 driven by the rotation shaft 301, and the sludge mass falling in the gap between the ring members 313 is broken in the crushing member 303. It is cut or cut into sludge pieces or small pieces by moving in the circumferential direction, and then the sludge pieces or small pieces pass through the gap and are discharged out of the crusher through the lower opening of the casing. In addition, because the crushing element 3 is located near the lower opening of the casing, the distance between the crushing element 3 and the feeding port 203 is increased, that is, the space for the sludge block in the casing 2 is large enough, so it can be adjusted as needed Enter the amount of sludge mass in the casing 2 to control the crushing speed of the sludge mass, and the weight of the sludge mass itself can also be used to press and push the sludge mass delivered to the casing later The sludge block in the fed casing runs towards the crushing element, thereby speeding up the crushing speed of the sludge block, thereby saving the feed power for advancing the material. [0027] FIG. 7 shows a modified form of a casing for a sludge crusher in a partially cutaway perspective schematic view. As shown, the housing 2 'includes a top cover 201' and a cylinder 202 ', wherein an upper portion of the cylinder 202' has a rectangular cross section and a lower portion thereof has a circular cross section, and the top cover 201 The 'rectangular shape' matches the shape of the cross section of the upper portion of the cylinder 202 'to close the upper opening of the cylinder 202'. A shaft hole 204 'is formed in the middle of the top cover 201', for example, a bearing may be provided therein for mounting the rotation shaft 301 of the rotatable member 30 of the crushing member 3. A feed port 203 'for receiving a sludge block is formed on a side wall of the upper portion of the cylinder 2'. In this way, the sludge mass can be conveyed to the crusher 1 from the outside rather than from the top. The feed opening 203 'can be formed at any position on the side wall, but higher than the position where the crushing element is disposed. The cross-sectional shape of the cylinder can be configured into any suitable shape, such as a circle, an oval, a square, a rectangle, a trapezoid, and so on. It is also possible that, as with the cylinder 202 ', one length of the casing is one cross-sectional shape and the other length is another cross-sectional shape, or the cylinder has a plurality of sections with different cross-sectional shapes, and preferably the The section of the part where the crushing element is arranged is circular, which not only facilitates the rotating operation of the rotatable element provided in the casing to effectively crush the sludge block, but also facilitates the arrangement of the ring on the support rod of the fixed element. This prevents the unbroken sludge block from leaking from the gap between the wall of the casing and the ring. Accordingly, the shape of the top cover may be consistent with the opening at the upper end of the cylinder. In addition, a plurality of apertures 205 'corresponding to the respective supporting rods 312 of the fixing element 31 may be formed on the side wall of the cylinder 201' adjacent to the lower opening, so as to fix the supporting rods 312 on the housing 2 '. [0028] Although the specific structure of the preferred embodiment of the vertical crusher for crushing sludge blocks according to the present invention is described above, for those skilled in the art, the crusher of the present invention may also have different modifications and arrangements . As described above, a rotating arm or a crushing member, a support rod, and a ring member or their shapes of different materials can be selected according to the moisture content or hardness of the sludge block. In addition to being near the bottom end of the shell, the crushing element can also be provided at other positions in the shell, and more than one crushing element can be provided as required. For example, two crushing elements are arranged in a vertically spaced shell in a spaced-down manner, wherein the upper crushing element crushes the sludge block entering the shell into a slightly larger block for primary crushing, while the lower The crushing element further crushes slightly smaller blocks, that is, secondary crushing, so as to achieve multi-stage cutting or shearing of the sludge block to obtain the desired small block or chip. [0029] The driving device of the rotatable element may be any suitable power device, including, but not limited to, an electric motor, a hydraulic actuator, a pneumatic device, and the like. Any suitable other transmission means can be used to transmit power between the driving device and the rotating shaft, including but not limited to pulleys and belts, sprocket and chain, gear transmission, and so on. [0030] FIG. 8 shows a flowchart of a preferred embodiment of the process of crushing sludge masses using a vertical crusher. The process of crushing sludge of the present invention can be performed as follows: the power input of the upper end 301A of the rotating shaft 301 is driven by the driving device to rotate the rotatable element 30 relative to the fixed element 31; the sludge block is passed through the housing 2 The feed opening formed on the top end 201 or the side wall 202 for receiving the sludge block is conveyed into the shell 2 of the crusher 1; as the sludge block enters the shell and continuously falls on the fixed element 31 , The sludge block is respectively impacted by the rotating arm 302 of the rotatable element 30 and its crushing part 303 is cut, sheared or broken, and the small sludge block or chip after cutting is smaller than the interval between the rings It is discharged from the lower opening of the casing. Since the position of the ring member of the fixing element on its bracket is predetermined, in other words, the interval between the ring members or the gap between the crushing member and the ring member is based on the sludge small pieces or fragments to be obtained The size of the ring is determined in advance, so the interval between adjacent rings and the size and number of protrusions on the ring can be determined in advance according to the size of the sludge small block to be obtained, and according to the size of the sludge block The shape and size of the broken parts are preselected for the water content of the water. In addition, the speed of transporting sludge mass through the feed port can be adjusted according to the moisture content of the sludge mass. For example, sludge mass with a high moisture content can slow down the transport speed, and sludge with a low moisture content Blocks can increase the speed of transportation. [0031] The crusher of the present invention is arranged in a vertical manner to save floor space, and the sludge block is conveyed into the crusher through a feed port located at the upper part of the casing, so as to transport the sludge block by its own weight. Or push the sludge block forward to save energy and improve efficiency. The crushing elements in the vertical crusher of the present invention can be reasonably configured according to the moisture content of the sludge block to be crushed. For example, those skilled in the art can select the Quantity, and determine the spacing between the rings, the broken parts, and the shape and size of the protrusions. A person skilled in the art can partially or individually replace the wear conditions of the various components in the crushing element. Therefore, those skilled in the art can flexibly configure or combine various components in the crushing element according to the moisture content of the sludge block to be crushed, for example, a rotating arm, a crushing component, a support rod and a ring, so as to obtain the desired sewage Small pieces or pieces of mud. The crushing method implemented by the vertical crusher of the present invention can adjust the crushing progress by controlling the feed speed or feed amount of the sludge block, so that the crushing element is in a better working state. By providing protrusions on the ring member, most of the sludge pieces entering the casing of the crusher are kept stationary, thereby improving the crushing efficiency. Since the rotatable element and the fixed element are arranged in series in the vertically arranged casing of the crusher, one or more crushing elements can be configured as required. For example, two spaced-apart crushing elements can be arranged in the shell, wherein the upper crushing element performs primary crushing and the lower crushing element performs secondary crushing, thereby achieving multi-stage crushing of the sludge block to obtain the Desirable small pieces or pieces. [0032] At this point, those skilled in the art should realize that the description of the above embodiments merely exemplifies the preferred solutions of the present invention, rather than all the solutions of the present invention, in which any form of modification based on the above embodiments of the present invention Or changes will fall into the scope of the concept of the present invention.

[0033]

1‧‧‧ (Vertical) Crusher

2‧‧‧shell

201‧‧‧ Top

202‧‧‧ sidewall

203‧‧‧Feeding port

204‧‧‧shaft hole

205‧‧‧ orifice

3‧‧‧ crushing element

30‧‧‧ rotatable element

301‧‧‧rotation shaft

301A‧‧‧Top

301B‧‧‧Shaft end

302‧‧‧rotating arm

303‧‧‧ broken parts

31‧‧‧Fixed element

310‧‧‧Fixed support

311‧‧‧ center column

312‧‧‧pole

313‧‧‧Ring

314‧‧‧ raised

315‧‧‧shaft hole

4‧‧‧ Power input

[0012] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in order to fully understand and understand the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention. In the drawings: FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a crusher for crushing sludge blocks according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is an axial sectional view of the sludge crusher of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a view of FIG. 1. An exploded perspective view of the sludge crusher; FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a crushing element for crushing sludge blocks in the sludge crusher of FIG. 1; FIG. 5 is a perspective schematic view of a rotatable element of the crushing element in FIG. 4. FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a fixing element of the crushing element in FIG. 4; FIG. 7 is a partially cut-away perspective view of another embodiment of a casing used in the sludge crusher of FIG. 1; and FIG. 8 is Flow chart of sludge crushing using vertical crusher for crushing sludge blocks.

Claims (15)

A vertical sludge crusher for crushing sludge blocks, the vertical sludge crusher comprises: a vertically arranged casing, the casing having a cylinder and a top cover at a top end of the cylinder, and The bottom end of the cylinder is open, wherein a feed port for receiving sludge blocks is formed on a side wall of the upper part of the shell or the top cover; a crushing element, which includes A rotatable element and a fixed element, wherein the rotatable element is located above the fixed element and is rotatable relative thereto; the rotatable element includes a rotary shaft and one or more rotary arms, wherein an upper end of the rotary shaft is rotatably located Formed in a shaft hole on the top cover, and the one or more rotating arms extend from a lower end of the rotating shaft at an angle toward a side wall of the housing, and a downward extension is provided on the one or more rotating arms The fixed element includes a fixed support and a plurality of annular pieces, the fixed support has a center post and a plurality of support rods, wherein the plurality of support rods respectively face the housing at an angle. Sidewall extension One end of each of the plurality of struts is fixed on the central post, and the other end thereof may be fixed on the side wall of the housing, and the plurality of ring members have different diameters and support along the central post along the branch The length direction of the rod is fixed on the plurality of support rods at a certain interval; 轴线 The axis of the rotating shaft of the rotatable element is parallel to the axis of the central column of the fixed element, wherein the one or more rotating arms are The one or more crushing members are staggered with the plurality of ring members fixed on the plurality of struts respectively, and each crushing member may correspond to the interval between two adjacent ring members; and Each of the plurality of annular members has intermittent protrusions on its upper surface. The vertical sludge crusher according to claim 1, wherein an upper surface of the central post of the fixed element forms a shaft hole, and a lower end of the rotating shaft forms a shaft end having a diameter corresponding to an inner diameter of the shaft hole, The shaft end is rotatably located in the shaft hole. The vertical sludge crusher according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sectional shape of the crushing component is trapezoidal, oval, square or triangular. The vertical sludge crusher according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the crushing member is a cutter. The vertical sludge crusher according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ring member is a ring or an arc segment. The vertical sludge crusher according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the crushing component is replaceable. The vertical sludge crusher according to claim 1 or 2, wherein more than one crushing element is provided in the casing. The vertical sludge crusher according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder and the top cover are integrally formed. The vertical sludge crusher of claim 1, wherein the barrel includes a plurality of sections of different cross-sectional shapes. The vertical sludge crusher according to claim 9, wherein an upper portion of the cylinder has a rectangular cross section and a lower portion thereof has a circular cross section. The vertical sludge crusher according to claim 9, wherein the feed inlet is formed on a side wall of the upper part of the cylinder and is located above the crushing element to be set. A method for crushing sludge mass using a vertical sludge crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 11, the method comprising: 旋转 rotating a rotatable element in the crushing element relative to the fixed element; The sludge block conveys the sludge block into the casing of the sludge crusher; 撞击 The impact of the sludge block above the ring members of the fixed element by the rotating arm of the rotatable element and the shearing of the crushing part will The sludge block in the shell is broken into small blocks or fragments; and the sludge small blocks or fragments are dropped through the interval between adjacent rings of the plurality of rings and opened from the shell. Drain from the bottom. The method according to claim 12, wherein the plurality of rings are selected according to the size of the sludge small pieces or fragments to be obtained and the interval between adjacent rings is determined. The method according to claim 12, wherein the shape and size of the crushing member is selected and a gap between the crushing member and the ring member is determined. The method according to claim 12, wherein the speed at which the sludge mass is transported into the casing is adjusted according to the moisture content of the sludge mass.