TW201818038A - Crucible apparatus with temperature control design and temperature control method thereof characterized by controlling the decrease of the melted shell curve to maintain the melting quality and promote the melting utilization - Google Patents
Crucible apparatus with temperature control design and temperature control method thereof characterized by controlling the decrease of the melted shell curve to maintain the melting quality and promote the melting utilization Download PDFInfo
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- TW201818038A TW201818038A TW105136886A TW105136886A TW201818038A TW 201818038 A TW201818038 A TW 201818038A TW 105136886 A TW105136886 A TW 105136886A TW 105136886 A TW105136886 A TW 105136886A TW 201818038 A TW201818038 A TW 201818038A
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- nozzle flange
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims description 36
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 235000014347 soups Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 133
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 29
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010312 secondary melting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本發明有關於一種具溫控設計的坩堝裝置及其溫控方法，特別是關於一種適用於熔殼之具溫控設計的坩堝裝置及其溫控方法。 The invention relates to a crucible device with a temperature control design and a temperature control method thereof, and particularly to a crucible device with a temperature control design suitable for a melting shell and a temperature control method thereof.
如圖1所示，目前習知水冷式銅坩堝9會有破殼的問題，在熔殼91上方已熔化之熔湯92為精細晶粒區域93；而在熔殼91下方未熔化之熔湯92則為粗糙晶粒區域94，並造成已熔化之熔湯92無法順利地流出。 As shown in FIG. 1, the conventional water-cooled copper crucible 9 has a problem of breaking the shell. The molten soup 92 that has been melted above the molten shell 91 is a fine grain region 93; 92 is a rough grain region 94, and the molten melt 92 cannot flow out smoothly.
為了解決水冷式銅坩堝9之破殼問題，如圖2所示，水冷式銅坩堝9設有一陶瓷隔熱環95，其位於該水冷式銅坩堝9之一坩堝本體96與一噴嘴凸緣體97之間，用以避免該噴嘴凸緣體97之熱量流失至水冷式坩堝本體，如此使該熔殼曲線91下降至靠近該噴嘴凸緣體97之兩側，進而使已熔化之熔湯92順利地流出。 In order to solve the shell breaking problem of the water-cooled copper crucible 9, as shown in FIG. 2, the water-cooled copper crucible 9 is provided with a ceramic insulation ring 95, which is located in one of the crucible body 96 and a nozzle flange body of the water-cooled copper crucible 9. 97, to avoid the heat loss of the nozzle flange body 97 to the water-cooled crucible body, so that the molten shell curve 91 is lowered to the two sides of the nozzle flange body 97, so that the melted molten soup 92 Smooth out.
雖然解決習知水冷式銅坩堝之破殼問題，但是過高的熔湯溫度將可能造成該噴嘴凸緣體與該熔湯產生化合物反應。例如，石墨所製之噴嘴凸緣體與鈦金屬熔湯產生化合物的反應溫度約大於攝氏1050度，若靠近該噴嘴凸緣體附近的熔湯溫度超過攝氏1050度，則會造成石墨與鈦金屬反應成碳化鈦(TiC)化合物，進而影響鈦金屬熔湯之品質。再者，熔湯溫度並沒有控制在一理想溫度範圍內，甚至在不同次之熔煉製程中，熔湯溫度變化會很大，例如不同次之熔煉製程中鈦金屬熔湯的溫度差會大於300度以上。如此一來，將會使該熔湯之熔殼曲線變成不可控制的，進而影響後續製程之 鑄造品質。 Although the problem of breaking the shell of the conventional water-cooled copper crucible is solved, an excessively high molten soup temperature may cause the nozzle flange body to react with the molten soup compound. For example, the reaction temperature of the nozzle flange body made of graphite and the molten titanium compound is greater than 1050 degrees Celsius. If the temperature of the molten soup near the nozzle flange exceeds 1050 degrees Celsius, it will cause graphite and titanium It reacts to titanium carbide (TiC) compounds, which in turn affects the quality of the molten titanium. Moreover, the temperature of the molten soup is not controlled within an ideal temperature range, and even in different secondary melting processes, the temperature of the molten soup may vary greatly. For example, the temperature difference of the titanium molten metal in the different secondary melting processes may be greater than 300. Degrees or more. In this way, the melting shell curve of the molten soup will become uncontrollable, which will affect the casting quality of subsequent processes.
有鑑於此，便有需要提供一種適用於熔殼之具溫控設計的坩堝裝置及熔殼之溫控方法，來解決前述的問題。 In view of this, there is a need to provide a crucible device with a temperature control design suitable for a melting shell and a temperature controlling method of the melting shell to solve the aforementioned problems.
本發明的主要目的在於提供一種具溫控設計的坩堝裝置及其溫控方法，用以控制熔殼曲線下降至一預設位置，以於破殼同時維持熔湯品質並提高熔湯利用率。 The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a crucible device with a temperature control design and a temperature control method for controlling the melting shell curve to drop to a preset position so as to break the shell while maintaining the quality of the molten soup and improving the utilization of the molten soup.
為達成上述目的，本發明提供一種具溫控設計的坩堝裝置，該坩堝裝置包括：一坩堝本體；一感應線圈單元，環繞該坩堝本體，且於使用時提供一熱源，用以使一金屬材料熔融並生成具熔殼的熔湯；一噴嘴凸緣體及一熔湯輸送導管，該熔湯輸送導管經由該噴嘴凸緣體而連通於該坩堝本體之底部，用以輸送該坩堝本體內之熔湯；以及一溫控單元，包括相互耦接的一微處理器、一加熱器及一溫度量測器，其中：該溫度量測器用以量測該噴嘴凸緣體靠近該熔湯之邊界溫度，該加熱器用以感應加熱該噴嘴凸緣體，該微處理器根據量測後之該噴嘴凸緣體之邊界溫度，並調整該加熱器之功率，以控制該噴嘴凸緣體之邊界溫度達到一預定溫度，進而控制該熔殼曲線下降至一預設位置。 To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a crucible device with a temperature control design. The crucible device includes: a crucible body; an induction coil unit surrounding the crucible body; and a heat source is provided during use to make a metal material. A molten soup with a molten shell is melted and formed; a nozzle flange body and a molten soup conveying pipe are communicated to the bottom of the crucible body through the nozzle flange body to convey the crucible body. Molten soup; and a temperature control unit, including a microprocessor, a heater, and a temperature measuring device coupled to each other, wherein the temperature measuring device is used to measure a boundary of the nozzle flange near the molten soup Temperature, the heater is used to inductively heat the nozzle flange body, and the microprocessor adjusts the power of the heater to control the boundary temperature of the nozzle flange body according to the measured boundary temperature of the nozzle flange body When a predetermined temperature is reached, the melting curve is controlled to drop to a preset position.
當該熔湯(例如鈦金屬)之熔殼溫度大於該噴嘴凸緣體(例如石墨)與該熔湯產生化合物的反應溫度時，較佳地該預定溫度小於並接近該噴嘴凸緣體與該熔湯產生化合物的反應溫度。由於該噴嘴凸緣體之邊界溫度(控制為預定溫度)被控制在小於該噴嘴凸緣體與該熔湯產生化合物的反應溫度，因此該噴嘴凸緣體之預定溫度可避免造成該噴嘴凸緣體與該熔湯反應成化合物，進而確保該熔湯之品質。 When the molten shell temperature of the molten soup (e.g. titanium metal) is higher than the reaction temperature of the nozzle flange body (e.g. graphite) and the compound produced by the molten soup, preferably the predetermined temperature is lower than and close to the nozzle flange body and the The melt produces a reaction temperature for the compound. Since the boundary temperature (controlled to a predetermined temperature) of the nozzle flange body is controlled to be lower than the reaction temperature of the nozzle flange body and the compound produced by the molten soup, the predetermined temperature of the nozzle flange body can avoid causing the nozzle flange The body reacts with the molten soup to form a compound, thereby ensuring the quality of the molten soup.
當該熔湯(例如鈦金屬)之熔殼溫度小於該噴嘴凸緣體(例如鎢鋼)與該熔湯產生化合物的反應溫度時，較佳地該預定溫度小於並接近該熔湯之熔殼溫度。由於該預定溫 度小於並接近該熔湯的熔殼溫度，因此該熔湯之熔殼曲線可更靠近該噴嘴凸緣體之兩側。當該熔湯之熔殼曲線越靠近該噴嘴凸緣體之兩側時，則提高該熔湯之利用率。 When the molten shell temperature of the molten soup (such as titanium metal) is lower than the reaction temperature of the nozzle flange body (such as tungsten steel) and the compound produced by the molten soup, preferably the predetermined temperature is lower than and close to the molten shell of the molten soup temperature. Since the predetermined temperature is lower than and close to the melting shell temperature of the molten soup, the melting shell curve of the molten soup can be closer to both sides of the nozzle flange body. When the melting shell curve of the molten soup is closer to both sides of the nozzle flange body, the utilization ratio of the molten soup is increased.
為了讓本發明之上述和其他目的、特徵和優點能更明顯，下文將配合所附圖示，作詳細說明如下。 In order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious, the following description will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1‧‧‧坩堝裝置 1‧‧‧ Crucible device
1’‧‧‧坩堝裝置 1’‧‧‧ Crucible device
1”‧‧‧坩堝裝置 1 ”‧‧‧Crucible device
10‧‧‧熔湯輸送導管 10‧‧‧ molten soup delivery catheter
11‧‧‧熔殼 11‧‧‧ Molten Shell
12‧‧‧熔湯 12‧‧‧ molten soup
13‧‧‧精細晶粒區域 13‧‧‧fine grain area
14‧‧‧粗糙晶粒區域 14‧‧‧ Rough grain area
15‧‧‧隔熱環 15‧‧‧ Insulation ring
16‧‧‧坩堝本體 16‧‧‧ Crucible body
161‧‧‧底部 161‧‧‧ bottom
17‧‧‧噴嘴凸緣體 17‧‧‧Nozzle flange body
18‧‧‧感應線圈單元 18‧‧‧ Induction coil unit
19‧‧‧溫控單元 19‧‧‧Temperature Control Unit
19”‧‧‧溫控單元 19 ”‧‧‧Temperature Control Unit
191‧‧‧微處理器 191‧‧‧Microprocessor
192‧‧‧加熱器 192‧‧‧heater
193‧‧‧溫度感測器 193‧‧‧Temperature sensor
194‧‧‧冷卻水路 194‧‧‧cooling waterway
8‧‧‧鑄造模具 8‧‧‧ foundry mold
9‧‧‧水冷式銅坩堝 9‧‧‧water-cooled copper crucible
91‧‧‧熔殼 91‧‧‧ Molten Shell
92‧‧‧熔湯 92‧‧‧ molten soup
93‧‧‧精細晶粒區域 93‧‧‧fine grain area
94‧‧‧粗糙晶粒區域 94‧‧‧ Rough grain area
95‧‧‧陶瓷隔熱環 95‧‧‧Ceramic insulation ring
96‧‧‧坩堝本體 96‧‧‧ Crucible body
97‧‧‧噴嘴凸緣體 97‧‧‧Nozzle flange body
圖1為習知水冷式銅坩堝之剖面示意圖；圖2為另一習知水冷式銅坩堝之剖面示意圖，其顯示設有一陶瓷隔熱環；圖3為本發明之第一實施例之具有熔殼之溫控設計的坩堝裝置之剖面示意圖；圖4為本發明之第一實施例之具有溫控設計(左圖)與沒有溫控設計(右圖)之熔殼曲線的比較圖；圖5為本發明之第二實施例之具有熔殼之溫控設計的坩堝裝置之剖面示意圖；圖6為本發明之第二實施例之具有溫控設計(左圖)與沒有溫控設計(右圖)之熔殼曲線的比較圖；以及圖7為本發明之第三實施例之具有熔殼之溫控設計的坩堝裝置之剖面示意圖。 Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional water-cooled copper crucible; Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional schematic view of another conventional water-cooled copper crucible, which is provided with a ceramic insulating ring; Fig. 3 is a first embodiment of the present invention A schematic cross-sectional view of a crucible device with a temperature-controlled design of the shell; FIG. 4 is a comparison diagram of the melting shell curve with a temperature-controlled design (left) and a temperature-free design (right) according to the first embodiment of the present invention; It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a crucible device with a temperature control design of a melting shell according to a second embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 6 is a view of a second embodiment of the present invention with a temperature control design (left) and without a temperature control design (right ); And FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a crucible device with a temperature-controlled design of a melt shell according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
參考圖3，其顯示本發明之第一實施例之具有熔殼之溫控設計的坩堝裝置1。該坩堝裝置1用以製造熔湯12，該熔湯12可應用在鑄造製程，例如輸送至一鑄造模具8。在本實施例中，該熔湯12以鈦金屬熔湯為例說明如後。 Referring to FIG. 3, there is shown a crucible device 1 with a temperature-controlled design of a melting shell according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The crucible device 1 is used for manufacturing molten soup 12. The molten soup 12 can be used in a casting process, for example, it can be conveyed to a casting mold 8. In this embodiment, the molten soup 12 is described by taking a titanium molten soup as an example.
該坩堝裝置1包括：一坩堝本體16、一感應線圈單元18、一溫控單元19、一噴嘴凸緣體(nozzle flange body)17及一熔湯輸送導管10。 The crucible device 1 includes a crucible body 16, an induction coil unit 18, a temperature control unit 19, a nozzle flange body 17, and a molten soup delivery duct 10.
該坩堝本體16為水冷式坩堝本體。該感應線圈單元18環繞該坩堝本體16，且於使用時提供一熱源，用以使一金屬材料熔融並生成具熔殼的熔湯。舉例，該感應線圈單元18感應加熱位於該坩堝本體16內之金屬材料棒，以產生一熔湯12。在本實施例中，該坩堝本體16內之熔湯12可藉由一高週波線圈之感應線圈(例如30KW、8kHz)感應加熱一活性金屬材料棒(例如鈦金屬材料棒)而產生。由於該坩堝本體16為水冷式設計，因此該熔湯12會形成有一熔殼11，在熔殼11上方已熔化之熔湯12為精細晶粒區域13，而在熔殼11下方未熔化之熔湯12則為粗糙晶粒區域14。 The crucible body 16 is a water-cooled crucible body. The induction coil unit 18 surrounds the crucible body 16 and provides a heat source during use to melt a metal material and generate a molten soup with a molten shell. For example, the induction coil unit 18 inductively heats a metal material rod located in the crucible body 16 to generate a molten soup 12. In this embodiment, the molten soup 12 in the crucible body 16 can be generated by inductively heating an active metal material rod (such as a titanium metal material rod) by an induction coil (for example, 30KW, 8kHz) of a high-frequency coil. Because the crucible body 16 is a water-cooled design, the molten soup 12 will form a molten shell 11. The molten soup 12 that has been melted above the molten shell 11 is a fine grain region 13, and the unmelted melt below the molten shell 11 is melted. The soup 12 is a rough grain region 14.
該熔湯輸送導管10經由該噴嘴凸緣體17而連通於該坩堝本體16之底部161，用以輸送該坩堝本體16內之熔湯12。該熔湯輸送導管10可為石墨、鎢鋼等耐熱材質所製。在本實施例中，該噴嘴凸緣體17為石墨之耐熱材質所製。 The molten soup conveying pipe 10 communicates with the bottom 161 of the crucible body 16 through the nozzle flange body 17, and is used for conveying the molten soup 12 in the crucible body 16. The molten soup delivery duct 10 may be made of a heat-resistant material such as graphite or tungsten steel. In this embodiment, the nozzle flange 17 is made of a heat-resistant graphite material.
該溫控單元19包括相互耦接的一微處理器191、一加熱器192及一溫度感測器193。舉例，該微處理器191電性連接於該加熱器192及該溫度感測器193。該溫度感測器193用以量測該噴嘴凸緣體17靠近該熔湯12之邊界溫度。該加熱器192用以感應加熱該噴嘴凸緣體17。該微處理器191根據量測後之該噴嘴凸緣體17之邊界溫度，並調整該加熱器192之功率，以控制該噴嘴凸緣體17之邊界溫度達到一預定溫度，進而控制該熔殼12曲線下降至一預設位置，以於破殼同時維持該熔湯12品質並提高該熔湯12利用率。舉例，該溫度感測器193可為熱電偶(Thermo couple)，其直接埋入至該噴嘴凸緣體17，用以量測該噴嘴凸緣體17之邊界 溫度。該加熱器192為可調功率之感應線圈，用以感應加熱該噴嘴凸緣體17之邊界溫度達到該預定溫度。例如，該感應線圈之功率為5KW，該噴嘴凸緣體17之邊界溫度到達攝氏1000度；該感應線圈之功率為6KW，該噴嘴凸緣體17之邊界溫度到達攝氏1100度等等。該感應線圈為高週波線圈，例如400KHz。該微處理器191可更包括一比例積分微分(PID)控制器，用以根據該預定溫度而輸出該感應線圈之功率，感應加熱該噴嘴凸緣體17之邊界溫度達到該預定溫度。 The temperature control unit 19 includes a microprocessor 191, a heater 192, and a temperature sensor 193 coupled to each other. For example, the microprocessor 191 is electrically connected to the heater 192 and the temperature sensor 193. The temperature sensor 193 is used to measure the boundary temperature of the nozzle flange 17 near the molten soup 12. The heater 192 is used to inductively heat the nozzle flange body 17. The microprocessor 191 adjusts the power of the heater 192 according to the measured boundary temperature of the nozzle flange body 17 to control the boundary temperature of the nozzle flange body 17 to reach a predetermined temperature, and then controls the molten shell. The 12 curve is lowered to a preset position to break the shell while maintaining the quality of the molten soup 12 and improving the utilization of the molten soup 12. For example, the temperature sensor 193 may be a thermo couple, which is directly embedded in the nozzle flange body 17 to measure the boundary temperature of the nozzle flange body 17. The heater 192 is an induction coil with adjustable power and is used to inductively heat the boundary temperature of the nozzle flange body 17 to the predetermined temperature. For example, the power of the induction coil is 5KW, the boundary temperature of the nozzle flange body 17 reaches 1000 degrees Celsius; the power of the induction coil is 6KW, the boundary temperature of the nozzle flange body 17 reaches 1100 degrees Celsius, and so on. The induction coil is a high frequency coil, for example, 400 KHz. The microprocessor 191 may further include a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller for outputting the power of the induction coil according to the predetermined temperature, and inductively heating the boundary temperature of the nozzle flange body 17 to the predetermined temperature.
該噴嘴凸緣體17之預定溫度T0的下限值為大於等於該熔湯12之熔殼11破殼的基礎溫度T1，該基礎溫度T1是指小於該熔湯12之熔殼11溫度T2約200度的溫度下降梯度(例如，鈦金屬熔點溫度約為攝氏1680度，鈦金屬熔湯的熔殼11溫度T2約為攝氏1200度，當該噴嘴凸緣體17之預定溫度T0超過該基礎溫度T1攝氏1000度時，則該熔殼11曲線之中心會向下移動而產生破殼)。因此，該噴嘴凸緣體17之預定溫度T0大於該熔湯12之熔殼11溫度T2減去200度(亦即T0≧T1=T2-200)即可使該熔殼11破殼。圖4為本發明之第一實施例之具有溫控設計(左圖)與沒有溫控設計(右圖)之熔殼曲線的比較圖，左圖顯示溫控設計使該噴嘴凸緣體17之預定溫度T0超過該基礎溫度T1，除了該熔殼11曲線之中心會向下移動而產生破殼之外，並且該熔殼11曲線之左半部及右半部也下降至靠近該噴嘴凸緣體之兩側，進而使已熔化之熔湯12順利地流出；而右圖顯示先前技術之熔殼91沒有產生破殼。在另一實施例中，若該熔湯12改為鈦金屬熔湯以外的金屬材料熔湯，該預定溫度T0下限值則會因熔湯材料不同而有所調整，主要係依據溫度梯度的實驗結果來計算其下限值。 The lower limit value of the predetermined temperature T 0 of the nozzle flange body 17 is equal to or higher than the base temperature T 1 at which the molten shell 11 of the molten soup 12 breaks. The base temperature T 1 refers to the molten shell 11 that is lower than the molten soup 12. Temperature T 2 is a temperature drop gradient of about 200 degrees (for example, the melting point of titanium metal is about 1680 degrees Celsius, the temperature of the molten shell 11 of titanium metal melt T 2 is about 1200 degrees Celsius, when the predetermined temperature of the nozzle flange 17 When T 0 exceeds the base temperature T 1 of 1000 degrees Celsius, the center of the curve of the molten shell 11 will move downward and break the shell). Therefore, the predetermined temperature T0 of the nozzle flange body 17 is greater than the temperature T 2 of the molten shell 11 of the molten soup 12 minus 200 degrees (that is, T 0 ≧ T 1 = T 2 -200), so that the molten shell 11 can be broken. shell. FIG. 4 is a comparison diagram of the melting shell curve with the temperature control design (left) and without the temperature control design (right) according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The left drawing shows that the temperature control design makes the nozzle flange 17 The predetermined temperature T 0 exceeds the base temperature T 1 , except that the center of the melting shell 11 curve will move downward to break the shell, and the left half and the right half of the melting shell 11 curve are also lowered close to the nozzle. The two sides of the flange body further allow the molten molten soup 12 to flow out smoothly; the right figure shows that the molten shell 91 of the prior art has not broken shells. In another embodiment, if the molten soup 12 is changed to a molten metal soup other than a titanium molten soup, the lower limit value of the predetermined temperature T 0 will be adjusted depending on the molten soup material, mainly based on the temperature gradient. Experimental results to calculate its lower limit.
但是，當該熔湯12之熔殼11溫度大於該噴嘴凸緣體17與該熔湯12產生化合物的反應溫度時，該噴嘴凸緣體17之預定溫度的上限值須為該噴嘴凸緣體17與該熔湯12 產生化合物的反應溫度(例如石墨所製之噴嘴凸緣體17與鈦金屬熔湯產生化合物的反應溫度約為攝氏1050度以上)。較佳地，該預定溫度小於並接近該噴嘴凸緣體17與該熔湯12產生化合物的反應溫度，例如該預定溫度小於並接近攝氏1050度。由於該噴嘴凸緣體17之邊界溫度(控制為預定溫度)被控制在小於該噴嘴凸緣體17與該鈦金屬熔湯產生化合物的反應溫度，因此該噴嘴凸緣體17之預定溫度可避免造成石墨與鈦金屬反應成碳化鈦(TiC)化合物，進而確保該熔湯12之品質。 However, when the temperature of the molten shell 11 of the molten soup 12 is higher than the reaction temperature between the nozzle flange body 17 and the compound produced by the molten soup 12, the upper limit value of the predetermined temperature of the nozzle flange body 17 must be the nozzle flange. The reaction temperature of the body 17 and the compound produced by the molten soup 12 (for example, the reaction temperature of the nozzle flange body 17 made of graphite and the compound produced by the titanium molten soup is about 1050 degrees Celsius or more). Preferably, the predetermined temperature is lower than and close to the reaction temperature of the compound produced by the nozzle flange 17 and the molten soup 12, for example, the predetermined temperature is lower than and close to 1050 ° C. Since the boundary temperature (controlled to a predetermined temperature) of the nozzle flange body 17 is controlled to be lower than the reaction temperature of the compounds produced by the nozzle flange body 17 and the titanium molten metal, the predetermined temperature of the nozzle flange body 17 can be avoided. As a result, graphite reacts with titanium to form a titanium carbide (TiC) compound, thereby ensuring the quality of the molten soup 12.
再者，由於該噴嘴凸緣體17之邊界溫度(控制為預定溫度)，進而使熔湯溫度也被控制在一理想溫度範圍內，因此在不同次之熔煉製程中，熔湯溫度變化會很小，例如不同次之熔煉製程中鈦金屬熔湯的溫度差會小於50度。如此一來，將會使該熔湯12之熔殼曲線變成可控制的，進而提升後續製程之鑄造品質。 In addition, because the boundary temperature of the nozzle flange body 17 is controlled to a predetermined temperature, and the temperature of the molten soup is also controlled within an ideal temperature range, the temperature of the molten soup will change greatly in different secondary melting processes. Small, for example, the temperature difference of the molten titanium alloy in different secondary melting processes will be less than 50 degrees. In this way, the melting shell curve of the molten soup 12 will be controllable, thereby improving the casting quality of subsequent processes.
請再參考圖3，在另一實施例中，該噴嘴凸緣體17為鎢鋼之耐熱材質所製。當該熔湯12之熔殼溫度小於該鎢鋼所製之噴嘴凸緣體17與該熔湯12產生化合物的反應溫度時，該噴嘴凸緣體17之預定溫度的上限值可為該熔湯12之熔殼11溫度。較佳地，該預定溫度小於並接近該熔湯12之熔殼11溫度。舉例，該鈦金屬熔湯的熔殼溫度(約為攝氏1200度)小於該鎢鋼所製之該噴嘴凸緣體17與該熔湯12產生化合物的反應溫度。由於該預定溫度小於並接近鈦金屬熔湯的熔殼溫度(約為攝氏1200度)，因此鈦金屬熔湯之熔殼11曲線的左半部及右半部可更靠近該噴嘴凸緣體17之兩側。當該熔湯12之熔殼11曲線的左半部及右半部越靠近該噴嘴凸緣體17之兩側時，則在熔殼11上方已熔化之熔湯12的精細晶粒區域13越大，而在熔殼11下方未熔化之熔湯12的粗糙晶粒區域14越小，進而越提高該熔湯12之利用率，但仍需該 熔殼11作為保護層。 Please refer to FIG. 3 again. In another embodiment, the nozzle flange 17 is made of a heat-resistant material of tungsten steel. When the molten shell temperature of the molten soup 12 is lower than the reaction temperature of the nozzle flange body 17 made of the tungsten steel and the compound produced by the molten soup 12, the upper limit value of the predetermined temperature of the nozzle flange body 17 may be the melting temperature. The temperature of the molten shell 11 of the soup 12. Preferably, the predetermined temperature is lower than and close to the temperature of the molten shell 11 of the molten soup 12. For example, the molten shell temperature (about 1200 degrees Celsius) of the molten titanium soup is lower than the reaction temperature of the nozzle flange body 17 and the molten soup 12 produced by the tungsten steel. Since the predetermined temperature is lower than and close to the melting temperature of the molten titanium soup (about 1200 degrees Celsius), the left half and the right half of the curve 11 of the molten titanium melt can be closer to the nozzle flange 17 On both sides. When the left half and the right half of the curve of the molten shell 11 of the molten soup 12 are closer to both sides of the nozzle flange body 17, the fine grain region 13 of the molten soup 12 that has melted above the molten shell 11 becomes The coarser grain area 14 of the molten soup 12 that is not melted below the molten shell 11 is smaller, and the utilization rate of the molten soup 12 is further increased, but the molten shell 11 is still required as a protective layer.
參考圖5，其顯示本發明之第二實施例之具有熔殼之溫控設計的坩堝裝置示意圖。第二及第一實施例之差異在於：第二實施例之該坩堝裝置1’更包括一隔熱環15，其位於該坩堝本體16與該噴嘴凸緣體17之間，用以減緩該噴嘴凸緣體17之熱量流失至該坩堝本體16。該隔熱環15可為陶瓷材料所製。該溫控單元19亦包括一微處理器191、一加熱器192及一溫度感測器193。該溫度感測器193用以量測該噴嘴凸緣體17靠近該熔湯12之邊界溫度。該加熱器192用以感應加熱該噴嘴凸緣體17。該微處理器191根據量測後之該噴嘴凸緣體17之邊界溫度，並調整該加熱器192之功率，以控制該噴嘴凸緣體17之邊界溫度達到一預定溫度，以確保該熔湯12之品質並協助達成該熔湯12之熔殼破殼。由於減緩該噴嘴凸緣體17之熱量流失至該坩堝本體，因此以較小功率即可加熱該噴嘴凸緣體17之邊界溫度達到該預定溫度。圖6為本發明之第二實施例之具有溫控設計(左圖)與沒有溫控設計(右圖)之熔殼曲線的比較圖，其顯示具有溫控設計使熔殼11曲線之左半部及右半部可下降至更靠近該噴嘴凸緣體17之兩側。 Referring to FIG. 5, there is shown a schematic view of a crucible device with a temperature-controlled design of a melting shell according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The difference between the second and first embodiments is that the crucible device 1 ′ of the second embodiment further includes a heat insulation ring 15 located between the crucible body 16 and the nozzle flange body 17 to slow down the nozzle. The heat of the flange body 17 is lost to the crucible body 16. The insulating ring 15 can be made of ceramic material. The temperature control unit 19 also includes a microprocessor 191, a heater 192, and a temperature sensor 193. The temperature sensor 193 is used to measure the boundary temperature of the nozzle flange 17 near the molten soup 12. The heater 192 is used to inductively heat the nozzle flange body 17. The microprocessor 191 adjusts the power of the heater 192 according to the measured boundary temperature of the nozzle flange body 17 to control the boundary temperature of the nozzle flange body 17 to reach a predetermined temperature to ensure the molten soup. The quality of 12 and help to achieve the melting shell of molten soup 12. Since the heat loss of the nozzle flange body 17 is slowed down to the crucible body, the boundary temperature of the nozzle flange body 17 can be heated to the predetermined temperature with a small power. FIG. 6 is a comparison diagram of the melting shell curve with temperature control design (left picture) and without temperature control design (right picture) according to the second embodiment of the present invention, which shows the left half of the curve of melting shell 11 with temperature control design And the right half can be lowered closer to both sides of the nozzle flange body 17.
參考圖7，其顯示本發明之第三實施例之具有熔殼之溫控設計的坩堝裝置1”示意圖。第三及第二實施例之差異在於：第三實施例之該溫控單元19”更包括一冷卻水路194，用以將該噴嘴凸緣體之熱量移除，其中具有該冷卻水路194及加熱器192之溫控單元19”可更快速及精確使該噴嘴凸緣體17之邊界溫度達到該預定溫度。 Referring to FIG. 7, there is shown a schematic view of a crucible device 1 "having a temperature control design of a melting shell according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The difference between the third and second embodiments is that the temperature control unit 19" of the third embodiment It also includes a cooling water channel 194 for removing the heat from the nozzle flange body. The temperature control unit 19 "having the cooling water channel 194 and the heater 192 can make the boundary of the nozzle flange body 17 faster and more accurate. The temperature reaches the predetermined temperature.
另外，本發明更提供一種熔殼之溫控方法，包括下列步驟：提供一坩堝本體、一噴嘴凸緣體及一熔湯輸送導管，其中該熔湯輸送導管經由該噴嘴凸緣體而連通於該坩堝本體之底部；感應加熱位於該坩堝本體內之一活性金屬材 料棒，以產生一熔湯，該熔湯形成有一熔殼；量測該噴嘴凸緣體靠近該熔湯之邊界溫度；以及根據量測後之該噴嘴凸緣體之邊界溫度，以感應加熱該噴嘴凸緣體並控制該噴嘴凸緣體之邊界溫度達到一預定溫度，其中：當該熔湯之熔殼溫度大於該噴嘴凸緣體與該熔湯產生化合物的反應溫度時，該預定溫度小於並接近該噴嘴凸緣體與該熔湯產生化合物的反應溫度，且該預定溫度大於該熔湯之熔殼溫度減去200度；以及當該熔湯之熔殼溫度小於該噴嘴凸緣體與該熔湯產生化合物的反應溫度時，該預定溫度小於該熔湯之熔殼溫度，且該預定溫度大於該熔湯之熔殼溫度減去200度。 In addition, the present invention further provides a method for controlling the temperature of the molten shell, which includes the following steps: providing a crucible body, a nozzle flange body, and a molten soup delivery conduit, wherein the molten soup delivery conduit is communicated with the nozzle flange The bottom of the crucible body; induction heating an active metal material rod located in the crucible body to generate a molten soup, the molten soup forming a molten shell; measuring the boundary temperature of the nozzle flange near the molten soup; and According to the measured boundary temperature of the nozzle flange body, the nozzle flange body is heated by induction and the boundary temperature of the nozzle flange body is controlled to reach a predetermined temperature, wherein: when the molten shell temperature of the molten soup is greater than the nozzle When the reaction temperature of the flange body and the molten soup produces compounds, the predetermined temperature is lower than and close to the reaction temperature of the nozzle flange body and the molten soup produces compounds, and the predetermined temperature is greater than the melting shell temperature of the molten soup minus 200 And when the temperature of the molten shell of the molten soup is lower than the reaction temperature of the nozzle flange body and the compound produced by the molten soup, the predetermined temperature is lower than the molten shell temperature of the molten soup, and the predetermined The temperature is greater than the melting shell temperature of the molten soup minus 200 degrees.
當該熔湯(例如鈦金屬)之熔殼溫度大於該噴嘴凸緣體(例如石墨)與該熔湯產生化合物的反應溫度時，較佳地該預定溫度小於並接近該噴嘴凸緣體與該熔湯產生化合物的反應溫度。由於該噴嘴凸緣體之邊界溫度(控制為預定溫度)被控制在小於該噴嘴凸緣體與該熔湯產生化合物的反應溫度，因此該噴嘴凸緣體之預定溫度可避免造成該噴嘴凸緣體與該熔湯反應成化合物，進而確保該熔湯之品質。 When the molten shell temperature of the molten soup (e.g. titanium metal) is higher than the reaction temperature of the nozzle flange body (e.g. graphite) and the compound produced by the molten soup, preferably the predetermined temperature is lower than and close to the nozzle flange body and the The melt produces a reaction temperature for the compound. Since the boundary temperature (controlled to a predetermined temperature) of the nozzle flange body is controlled to be lower than the reaction temperature of the nozzle flange body and the compound produced by the molten soup, the predetermined temperature of the nozzle flange body can avoid causing the nozzle flange The body reacts with the molten soup to form a compound, thereby ensuring the quality of the molten soup.
當該熔湯(例如鈦金屬)之熔殼溫度小於該噴嘴凸緣體(例如鎢鋼)與該熔湯產生化合物的反應溫度時，較佳地該預定溫度小於並接近該熔湯之熔殼溫度。由於該預定溫度小於並接近該熔湯的熔殼溫度，因此該熔湯之熔殼曲線可更靠近該噴嘴凸緣體之兩側。當該熔湯之熔殼曲線越靠近該噴嘴凸緣體之兩側時，則提高該熔湯之利用率。 When the molten shell temperature of the molten soup (such as titanium metal) is lower than the reaction temperature of the nozzle flange body (such as tungsten steel) and the compound produced by the molten soup, preferably the predetermined temperature is lower than and close to the molten shell of the molten soup temperature. Since the predetermined temperature is lower than and close to the melting shell temperature of the molten soup, the melting shell curve of the molten soup can be closer to both sides of the nozzle flange body. When the melting shell curve of the molten soup is closer to both sides of the nozzle flange body, the utilization ratio of the molten soup is increased.
綜上所述，乃僅記載本發明為呈現解決問題所採用的技術手段之實施方式或實施例而已，並非用來限定本發明專利實施之範圍。即凡與本發明專利申請範圍文義相符，或依本發明專利範圍所做的均等變化與修飾，皆為本發明專利範圍所涵蓋。 In summary, it only describes the implementation or examples of the technical means adopted by the present invention to solve the problem, and is not intended to limit the scope of patent implementation of the present invention. That is, all changes and modifications that are consistent with the meaning of the scope of patent application of the present invention, or made according to the scope of patent of the present invention, are covered by the scope of patent of the present invention.
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