TW201729808A - Pharmaceutical combination of NK3 receptor antagonist and biguanides - Google Patents
Pharmaceutical combination of NK3 receptor antagonist and biguanides Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本發明係說明一種包含NK3受體拮抗劑或其醫藥上有效鹽類與雙胍類或其醫藥上有效鹽類用在治療PCOS(多囊性卵巢症候群)和相關疾病的增效組成物。本發明係關一種增效組合物,其包含呈單一單位醫藥組成物之NK3受體拮抗劑或其醫藥上有效鹽和雙胍類或其醫藥上有效鹽之組合。本發明尚關於分開製備此種醫藥組成物的方法,其每一者為包含兩種活性劑之套組形式,以及用該組成物治療受治對象的方法。 The present invention describes a synergistic composition comprising an NK3 receptor antagonist or a pharmaceutically effective salt thereof and a biguanide or a pharmaceutically effective salt thereof for use in the treatment of PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome) and related diseases. The present invention is a synergistic composition comprising a combination of a NK3 receptor antagonist or a pharmaceutically effective salt thereof and a biguanide or a pharmaceutically effective salt thereof in a single unit pharmaceutical composition. The present invention is also directed to methods of separately preparing such pharmaceutical compositions, each of which is in the form of a kit comprising two active agents, and a method of treating a subject with the composition.
在卵巢類固醇的合成上發生擾動多囊性卵巢症候群(PCOS)是一種發生在女性的疾病,特徵為雄性激素過多。PCOS代表一類與濾泡生長停頓、慢性不排卵、最少的顆粒細胞增殖、細胞過度增殖、高雄性素血症、中央型肥胖症和胰島素阻抗關聯的表現型光譜。在PCOS之中,細胞質黃體生成素(LH)高而FSH低,使LH/FSH比率增加,典型上是因增加的LH或GnRH(促性腺素釋放素)脈衝(Semin Reprod Med.2002 Nov;20(4):317-26)。在PCOS中,在卵巢類固醇的合成上發生擾動,高胰島素血症為病狀之一,其增加雄激素生產並且刺激LH和增加LH/GnRH分泌。該GnRH分泌之神經內分泌缺陷導致非肥胖型PCOS病患的LH持續高度分泌(Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am.1999 Jun;28(2):295-324.)。許多有PCOS的女性飽受月經週期異常、多毛症和不孕症之苦(Hum Reprod Update.2015 Sep;21(5):575-92)。 Disturbance in the synthesis of ovarian steroids Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a disease that occurs in women and is characterized by excessive androgen. PCOS represents a class of phenotypes associated with follicular growth arrest, chronic anovulation, minimal granulosa cell proliferation, hyperproliferation of cells, hyperandrogenemia, central obesity, and insulin resistance. Among PCOS, cytoplasmic luteinizing hormone (LH) is high and FSH is low, increasing the LH/FSH ratio, typically due to increased LH or GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone) pulses (Semin Reprod Med. 2002 Nov; 20 (4): 317-26). In PCOS, perturbation occurs in the synthesis of ovarian steroids, one of the conditions that increases androgen production and stimulates LH and increases LH/GnRH secretion. The neuroendocrine defect of GnRH secretion leads to sustained high secretion of LH in non-obese PCOS patients (Endocrinol Metab Clin) North Am. 1999 Jun; 28(2): 295-324.). Many women with PCOS suffer from abnormal menstrual cycles, hirsutism and infertility (Hum Reprod Update. 2015 Sep; 21(5): 575-92).
對於PCOS沒有成功之經核准的治療(Syst Rev.2015 Sep 23;4(1):125)。最佳的青春期之第一線PCOS治療仍然是受爭議的。生活型態的變化(飲食和運動的修改)接著用口服避孕藥丸(OCP)控制雄性激素過多的症狀是經常被建議的,其臨床成功率不多過50%。然而,在臨床實務上有顯著的變化性,視醫生與病患的主要治療目標是否是要治療雄性激素過多的症狀或是代謝症候群的特徵。此外,在臨床實務中抗雄性素的醫藥品如螺環固醇內酮、氟他胺[flutamide]或愛妥糖[pioglitazone]被用作為PCOS的附加療法,當口服的避孕藥丸(OCP)或美福敏(Metformin)無法產生臨床上所想要的結果。然而其用在青春期人口則尚未被建議。抗雄性素像是螺環固醇內酮是次選擇因其具有電解質失衡的風險。GnRH類似物是降低雄激素的下一線治療,其缺乏效力而需要另外的激素療法以抗衡其所誘導的化學絕經。美福敏(Metformin)可被施用以降低雄激素濃度,改進月經週期的規律性和生育以及胰島素阻抗。快樂妊(Clomiphene)加上或不加上美福敏(Metformin)改進受孕的比率而有卵巢過度刺激和多胎妊娠的風險(J Clin Endocrinol Metab.2013 Dec;98(12):4565-92)。 There is no successful approved treatment for PCOS (Syst Rev. 2015 Sep 23; 4(1): 125). The best first-line PCOS treatment for puberty remains controversial. Changes in lifestyle (modification of diet and exercise) followed by oral contraceptive pill (OCP) to control the symptoms of androgen excess are often recommended, with a clinical success rate of no more than 50%. However, there is significant variability in clinical practice, depending on whether the primary treatment goal of the doctor and the patient is to treat symptoms of excessive androgen or metabolic syndrome. In addition, anti-androgen drugs such as spironolactone, flutamide or pioglitazone are used as additional therapies for PCOS in clinical practice when oral contraceptive pills (OCP) or Metformin does not produce clinically desirable results. However, its use in adolescent population has not been recommended. The anti-male analog is a spirone ketone which is the second choice because of its risk of electrolyte imbalance. GnRH analogs are the next line of treatment to reduce androgen, which lacks potency and requires additional hormonal therapies to counteract the chemical menopause it induces. Metformin can be administered to reduce androgen concentrations, improve regularity and fertility of the menstrual cycle, and insulin resistance. Clomiphene has or does not add Metformin to improve the rate of conception and has an increased risk of ovarian hyperstimulation and multiple pregnancies (J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013 Dec; 98(12): 4565-92).
因為目前對PCOS的治療策略效果有限,並且其用途沒有一致的指引,所以吾人需要有能治療和下視丘-腦垂腺-性腺(HPG)軸有關之根本病理生理學、修正LH脈衝和治療代謝混亂而沒有顯著副作用的治療選擇。 Because the current treatment strategy for PCOS is limited and there is no consistent guidance for its use, we need to be able to treat the underlying pathophysiology, modified LH pulse and treatment associated with the hypothalamic-genus-gonadal (HPG) axis. Treatment options with metabolic disorders without significant side effects.
NK3受體拮抗劑已被揭示於WO 95/32948、WO 97/19927、WO 97/19928、WO 97/19926、WO 97/21680、WO2000031037、WO2006137789、WO2009019163、WO2010086259、WO2010094667、WO0031037、WO0238548、WO 006137789。 NK3 receptor antagonists have been disclosed in WO 95/32948, WO 97/19927, WO 97/19928, WO 97/19926, WO 97/21680, WO2000031037, WO2006137789, WO2009019163, WO2010086259, WO2010094667, WO0031037, WO0238548, WO 006137789 .
WO 95/32948揭示以下通式之化合物:
他奈坦(Talnetant)(SB 223412)是一種NK3受體拮抗劑,式(I)的3-羥基-2-苯基-N-(1-苯丙基)喹啉-4-甲醯胺並且被揭示於WO95/32948,其揭示內容被完整地併在本說明書中。 Talnetant (SB 223412) is an NK3 receptor antagonist, 3-hydroxy-2-phenyl-N-(1-phenylpropyl)quinolin-4-carboxamide of formula (I) and It is disclosed in WO 95/32948, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein in its entirety.
雙胍係指口服的第二型糖尿病藥物的群組,其作用是藉由預防肝中產生葡萄糖,增加身體對於胰島素的敏感度並且降低小腸吸收的糖量。 Biguanide refers to a group of oral type 2 diabetes drugs whose role is to increase the body's sensitivity to insulin and reduce the amount of sugar absorbed by the small intestine by preventing glucose production in the liver.
主要的雙胍類,美福敏(Metformin)和降糖靈(Phenformin)要追溯回1950年代被引介做為降低葡萄糖的用劑,以治療非胰島素依賴型的糖尿病。目前,唯一可得的雙胍醫藥品是美福敏(Metformin),其經常被用作為第二型糖尿病的第一線治療(亦即無法單獨經由餐食和運動控制其血糖的第二型糖尿病患之首選)。美福敏(Metformin)傳統上已被用作為幫助控制糖尿病的口服藥物。 The major biguanides, Metformin and Phenformin, were retrospectively back to the 1950s as a glucose-lowering agent for the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Currently, the only available bismuth drug is Metformin, which is often used as a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes (ie, type 2 diabetes that cannot control its blood sugar by meals and exercise alone). The first choice). Metformin has traditionally been used as an oral medication to help control diabetes.
儘管近來有進步,然而吾人持續需要新穎和改進的方法以治療和預防PCOS和相關病症。因為目前可得知療法的效果有限,所以也需要具有增強的效果且較少不希望的副作用如不孕、電解質失衡、早發性停經、卵巢過度刺激、多胎妊娠和代謝混亂之PCOS治療組合。本發明藉由提供包含NK3受體拮抗劑或其醫藥上有效鹽類和一種雙胍或其醫藥上可接受鹽類的組合 物治療來回應這項問題,該組合物有用於治療和預防PCOS與相關病症。 Despite recent advances, we continue to need new and improved methods to treat and prevent PCOS and related conditions. Because it is currently known that the effects of therapies are limited, there is also a need for a PCOS therapeutic combination with enhanced effects and less undesirable side effects such as infertility, electrolyte imbalance, early onset menstruation, ovarian hyperstimulation, multiple pregnancy and metabolic disorders. The present invention provides a combination comprising an NK3 receptor antagonist or a pharmaceutically effective salt thereof and a biguanide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof In response to this problem, the composition is useful in the treatment and prevention of PCOS and related disorders.
目前吾人已發現NK3受體拮抗劑或其醫藥上有效鹽類和一種雙胍類或其醫藥上可接受鹽類之組合物有用於治療和預防PCOS以及相關病症。尤其是已令人驚奇的發現NK3受體拮抗劑或一種其醫藥上有效鹽類和一種雙胍類或其醫藥上可接受鹽類之組合物展現未曾預期的有利的結果。吾人以驚奇的發現到本發明的組合物是有利的,並且令人驚奇地在治療PCOS上的增效結果勝過單用一種NK3受體拮抗劑或雙胍劑。 At present, we have found that a combination of an NK3 receptor antagonist or a pharmaceutically effective salt thereof and a biguanide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is useful for the treatment and prevention of PCOS and related disorders. In particular, it has been surprisingly found that a combination of an NK3 receptor antagonist or a pharmaceutically effective salt thereof and a biguanide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof exhibits unanticipated advantageous results. It has surprisingly been found that the compositions of the present invention are advantageous, and surprisingly the synergistic result in the treatment of PCOS outweighs the use of an NK3 receptor antagonist or a biguanide alone.
本發明的具體實例 Specific examples of the invention
第一方面,本發明係關包含NK3受體拮抗劑或其醫藥上可接受鹽類與一種雙胍或其醫藥上有效,視需要具有醫藥上可接受的載劑之醫藥組合物以及包含該組合之適當醫藥組成物。本發明亦關將分開的兩種藥物之醫藥組成物合併於套組形式中。 In a first aspect, the invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising an NK3 receptor antagonist or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a biguanide or a pharmaceutically effective carrier, if desired, a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and a combination comprising the same Appropriate pharmaceutical composition. The invention also contemplates combining the pharmaceutical compositions of the two separate drugs in a kit format.
第二方面,本發明提供一種用於治療PCOS和相關疾病的增效組成物,其包含低劑量之化合物,該化合物是NK3受體拮抗劑或其醫藥上可接受鹽類與一種雙胍或其醫藥上可接受鹽類。 In a second aspect, the present invention provides a synergistic composition for the treatment of PCOS and related diseases comprising a low dose of a compound which is an NK3 receptor antagonist or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a biguanide or a medicament thereof Acceptable salts.
第三方面,本發明提供一種用於人類治療的增效組成物,其包含低劑量之化合物,該化合物是NK3受體拮抗劑或其醫藥上可接受鹽類與一種雙胍或其醫藥上可接受鹽類。在一項具體實例中,該NK3受體拮抗劑可以選自他奈坦(Talnetant)(SB223412)、AZD-4901、AZD-2624且該雙胍是美福敏(Metformin)。 In a third aspect, the present invention provides a synergistic composition for human therapy comprising a low dose of a compound which is an NK3 receptor antagonist or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a bismuth or a pharmaceutically acceptable compound thereof Salt. In a specific example, the NK3 receptor antagonist can be selected from the group consisting of Talnetant (SB223412), AZD-4901, AZD-2624 and the biguanide is Metformin.
在另一項具體實例中提供包含如本說明書中揭示之適用於治療PCOS和相關疾病的有效量增效組成物之醫藥組成物。 In another embodiment, a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of a synergistic composition suitable for the treatment of PCOS and related diseases as disclosed in the present specification is provided.
在還有另一項具體實例中提供包含NK3受體拮抗劑或其醫藥上可接受 鹽類與一種雙胍或其醫藥上可接受鹽類之醫藥組成物的製備方法。 In yet another specific embodiment, an NK3 receptor antagonist or a pharmaceutically acceptable amount thereof is provided A method of preparing a pharmaceutical composition of a salt and a biguanide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
本發明的詳細說明 Detailed description of the invention
第一方面,本發明係關包含NK3受體拮抗劑或其醫藥上可接受鹽類與一種雙胍或其醫藥上有效鹽類,視需要具有醫藥上可接受的載劑之醫藥組合物以及包含該組合之適當醫藥組成物。 In a first aspect, the invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising an NK3 receptor antagonist or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a biguanide or a pharmaceutically effective salt thereof, optionally having a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and comprising the same A suitable pharmaceutical composition combined.
本發明的NK3受體拮抗劑可以選自他奈坦(Talnetant)(SB223412)、AZD-4901、AZD-2624且該雙胍是美福敏(Metformin)。 The NK3 receptor antagonist of the present invention may be selected from the group consisting of Talnetant (SB223412), AZD-4901, AZD-2624 and the biguanide is Metformin.
醫藥上可接受的載劑可選自糖如:乳糖、蔗糖、甘露糖醇和山梨糖醇;澱粉如玉米澱粉、樹薯澱粉和馬鈴薯澱粉;纖維素和衍生物如羧甲基纖維素鈉、乙基纖維素和甲基纖維素;磷酸鈣如磷酸二鈣鹽和磷酸三鈣鹽;硫酸鈉;硫酸鈣;聚乙烯吡咯酮;聚乙烯醇;硬脂酸;鹼土金屬的硬脂酸鹽如硬脂酸鎂和硬脂酸鈣;硬脂酸;植物油如花生油、棉仔油、脂麻油、橄欖油和玉米油;非離子的、陽離子的和陰離子的介面活性劑;乙二醇聚合物;ß-環糊精;脂肪醇;和水解的穀類固體,以及其他非毒性的相容充填物、結合劑、崩解劑、緩衝劑、保存劑、抗氧化物、壓片潤滑劑、風味劑、及類似之常用於藥物調配的用劑。 The pharmaceutically acceptable carrier can be selected from the group consisting of sugars such as: lactose, sucrose, mannitol and sorbitol; starches such as corn starch, tapioca starch and potato starch; cellulose and derivatives such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, B Cellulose and methylcellulose; calcium phosphate such as dicalcium phosphate and tricalcium phosphate; sodium sulfate; calcium sulfate; polyvinylpyrrolidone; polyvinyl alcohol; stearic acid; alkaline earth metal stearate such as hard Magnesium citrate and calcium stearate; stearic acid; vegetable oils such as peanut oil, cotton oil, sesame oil, olive oil and corn oil; nonionic, cationic and anionic surfactants; ethylene glycol polymer; - cyclodextrin; fatty alcohol; and hydrolyzed cereal solids, as well as other non-toxic compatible fillings, binders, disintegrants, buffers, preservatives, antioxidants, tableting lubricants, flavoring agents, and Similar to the agents commonly used in drug formulation.
本發明亦關於將分開的醫藥組成物合併成套組形式。也就是說一種將兩個分開的單元:NK3受體拮抗劑或其醫藥上可接受鹽類和雙胍類或其醫藥上有效鹽類合併的套組。該套組形式尤其有利,當分開的成分必須以不同劑型施用或以不同的施劑間隔施用。 The invention also relates to combining separate pharmaceutical compositions in a kit format. That is, a kit that combines two separate units: an NK3 receptor antagonist or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a biguanide or a pharmaceutically effective salt thereof. This kit format is particularly advantageous when the separate ingredients must be applied in different dosage forms or at different application intervals.
這些醫藥製備物係用於腸內如口服,還有直腸或非經腸的方式,將包含具藥理學活性的化合物單獨或與慣用的藥物輔助物質一起施用到恆溫動物。例如該醫藥製備物包含從大約0.1%到90%,較好是從大約1%到大約80%的活性化合物。 These pharmaceutical preparations are intended for enteral administration, such as oral administration, as well as rectal or parenteral, to administer a compound having pharmacological activity, either alone or in combination with a conventional pharmaceutical auxiliary substance, to a warm-blooded animal. For example, the pharmaceutical preparation will comprise from about 0.1% to about 90%, preferably from about 1% to about 80%, of the active compound.
腸內的或非經腸施用的醫藥製備物係以例如單位劑的形式施用,如包覆的錠劑、藥片、膠囊或塞劑,還有安瓿。 Enteric or parenterally administered pharmaceutical preparations are administered, for example, in the form of unit dosages, such as coated lozenges, tablets, capsules or sachets, and ampoules.
該醫藥組成物係以先前知道的方式製備,例如使用傳統的混合、結粒和包覆外衣,溶離或冷凍乾燥的方法製備。因此,口服用途的醫藥製備物可藉著將活性化合物與固態賦形劑合併來獲得,若需要則將已獲得的混合物結粒,且若有需求或必需則在添加適當的輔助物質之後將該混合物加工或結粒成為錠劑或經包覆的錠劑核心。 The pharmaceutical compositions are prepared in a manner previously known, for example, using conventional mixing, granulating and coating outer coatings, by dissolution or freeze drying. Thus, a pharmaceutical preparation for oral use can be obtained by combining the active compound with a solid excipient, if necessary, granulating the obtained mixture, and if necessary or necessary, adding the appropriate auxiliary substance The mixture is processed or agglomerated into a lozenge or coated lozenge core.
活性化合物的劑量可是各種因素而定、如施用模式、恆溫對物的種類、年齡和/或個別條件。 The dosage of the active compound can be a variety of factors, such as the mode of administration, the type of thermostat, age, and/or individual conditions.
根據本發明之醫藥組合物的活性成分之較佳劑量是醫療上有效的劑量,尤其是那些可購得的組合物。 Preferred dosages of the active ingredients of the pharmaceutical compositions according to the invention are medically effective doses, especially those which are commercially available.
在一方面,本發明提供一種包含他奈坦(Talnetant)和美福敏(Metformin)的增效組成物,其劑量範圍是每一者1mg到1000mg。在一項較佳的具體實例中本發明提供此種藥理學的組合,包含範圍從1mg到50mg的他奈坦(Talnetant)和範圍從10mg到500mg的美福敏(Metformin)。 In one aspect, the invention provides a synergistic composition comprising Talnetant and Metformin in a dosage range from 1 mg to 1000 mg per dose. In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides such a pharmacological combination comprising Talnetant ranging from 1 mg to 50 mg and Metformin ranging from 10 mg to 500 mg.
通常,在口服的情形中,估計例如對體重大約75公斤的病患每日組合藥劑的大約劑量為大約1mg到大約360mg。 Generally, in the case of oral administration, it is estimated that, for example, a daily dose of a combination agent for a patient weighing about 75 kg is about 1 mg to about 360 mg.
第三方面,本發明提供一種包含低劑量NK3受體拮抗劑或其醫藥上有效鹽類與雙胍類或其醫藥上有效鹽類用以治療PCOS和相關疾病的增效組成物。 In a third aspect, the present invention provides a synergistic composition comprising a low dose NK3 receptor antagonist or a pharmaceutically effective salt thereof and a biguanide or a pharmaceutically effective salt thereof for the treatment of PCOS and related diseases.
許多PCOS症狀不只是與增加的LH脈衝有關,也因為胰島素阻抗和高胰島素血症所致。胰島素與LH之協同增效作用會促進PCOS中濾泡鞘細胞的產生,導致細胞過度增殖形成濾泡囊腫。胰島素也會抑制罹患PCOS的女性之肝的性激素結合球蛋白(SHBG),增加生物可獲得的雄激素的比率且從而造成雄性激素過多。胰島素也會增進ACTH-調節的腎上腺雄激素生產之潛 勢。一項胰島素與下視丘腦垂腺卵巢(HPO)軸活性之間的功能性連接有充分證據(Am.J.Transl.Res.,5(1):15-20(2013)。症狀像是月經不調、月經過少和停止排卵可由這些HPG軸擾動和高胰島素血症引起。因而,NK3拮抗劑SB223412(他奈坦(Talnetant))或其可接受鹽類和美福敏(Metformin)或其可接受鹽類的組合物有用於治療月經不調、月經過少和停止排卵。 Many PCOS symptoms are not only related to increased LH pulse, but also due to insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. The synergistic effect of insulin and LH promotes the production of follicular sheath cells in PCOS, leading to excessive proliferation of cells to form follicular cysts. Insulin also inhibits sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) in the liver of women with PCOS, increasing the rate of bioavailable androgens and thereby causing excessive androgen. Insulin also enhances the potential of ACTH-regulated adrenal androgen production Potential. There is sufficient evidence for a functional link between insulin and hypothalamic ovarian (HPO) axis activity (Am. J. Transl. Res., 5(1): 15-20 (2013). Symptoms like menstruation Unregulated, low menstruation and cessation of ovulation can be caused by these HPG axis disturbances and hyperinsulinemia. Thus, the NK3 antagonist SB223412 (Talnetant) or its acceptable salts and Metformin or its acceptable Salt compositions are used to treat irregular menstruation, low menstruation, and cessation of ovulation.
在一項具體實例中本發明組合物的用途是修正PCOS,藉由調控下視丘-腦垂腺-性腺(HPG)軸,以及調節LH或GnRH脈衝量。 In one embodiment, the use of the compositions of the invention is to modify PCOS by modulating the hypothalamic-genus-gonadal (HPG) axis and modulating the amount of LH or GnRH pulses.
在另一項具體實例中使用本發明的化合物是要治療不孕症和多囊的形成。本發明的組合物之優點勝過快樂妊(Clomiphene)和美福敏(Metformin)的組合,後者雖改進了受孕率,但有卵巢過度刺激和多胎妊娠的附隨風險。在另一項具體實例中使用本發明的化合物降低罹患PCOS之青春期和成年女性的睪固酮濃度。 The use of a compound of the invention in another embodiment is directed to the treatment of infertility and the formation of polyvesicles. The advantages of the compositions of the present invention outweigh the combination of Clomiphene and Metformin, which improves the conception rate but has the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation and multiple pregnancy. In another embodiment, the compounds of the invention are used to reduce the concentration of testosterone in puberty and adult women suffering from PCOS.
在另一項具體實例中使用本發明的化合物治療性早熟症、子宮內膜異位、經血過多症、子宮肌瘤、妊娠毒血症、雄性痤瘡、良性攝護腺肥大和/或與PCOS關聯的雄性激素型脫髮。 In another embodiment, a compound of the invention is used to treat precocious puberty, endometriosis, hypertransoremia, uterine fibroids, pregnancy toxemia, male acne, benign prostate hypertrophy, and/or association with PCOS Androgen-type alopecia.
對於受治療病患施用之NK3受體拮抗劑或其可接受鹽類的量會改變且其變化從大約0.1mg到1000mg/每天。美福敏(Metformin)或其可接受鹽類的量之變化從大約100mg到1000mg/每天,視病患的概況而定。 The amount of NK3 receptor antagonist or its acceptable salt administered to the patient to be treated will vary and vary from about 0.1 mg to 1000 mg per day. The amount of Metformin or its acceptable salt varies from about 100 mg to 1000 mg per day, depending on the patient's profile.
NK3拮抗劑或其可接受鹽類和美福敏(Metformin)或其可接受鹽類可以組合的、連續的和個別的治療成分給予病患。 The NK3 antagonist or an acceptable salt thereof and Metformin or an acceptable salt thereof can be administered to a patient in combination with continuous and individual therapeutic ingredients.
式(I)化合物可藉由一般方法和揭示在WO 9532948的實例製備。用於本發明的美福敏(Metformin)可購得或可以很方便地藉由先前技藝的方法製備。 Compounds of formula (I) can be prepared by the general methods and examples disclosed in WO 9532948. Metformin for use in the present invention is commercially available or can be conveniently prepared by prior art methods.
圖1A:體內NK3拮抗劑他奈坦(Talnetant)以5、10和20mg/kg的劑量對於隔夜禁食的小鼠之攝食和體重變化的影響。 Figure 1A: Effect of in vivo NK3 antagonist Talnetant on the feeding and body weight changes of overnight fasted mice at doses of 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg.
圖1B:體內美福敏(Metformin)以50、100和300mg/kg的劑量對於隔夜禁食的小鼠之攝食和體重變化的影響。 Figure IB: Effect of in vivo Metformin on feeding and body weight changes in overnight fasted mice at doses of 50, 100 and 300 mg/kg.
圖2:體內NK3拮抗劑他奈坦(Talnetant)和美福敏(Metformin)對於小鼠隔夜禁食之葡萄糖耐受性反應的影響。 Figure 2: Effect of in vivo NK3 antagonists Talnetant and Metformin on glucose tolerance response in mice overnight fasted.
圖3:體內NK3拮抗劑他奈坦(Talnetant)、美福敏(Metformin)及其組合物隔夜禁食的C57小鼠之餵養反應的影響。 Figure 3: Effect of feeding responses of C57 mice vaccinated overnight by the in vivo NK3 antagonists Talnetant, Metformin and their compositions.
圖4:體內NK3拮抗劑他奈坦(Talnetant)、美福敏(Metformin)及其組合物對隔夜禁食的C57小鼠之葡萄糖耐受性反應的影響。 Figure 4: Effect of the in vivo NK3 antagonists Talnetant, Metformin and their compositions on the glucose tolerance response of overnight fasted C57 mice.
圖5A:體內NK3拮抗劑他奈坦(Talnetant)、美福敏(Metformin)及其組合物在DHT-誘發的PCOS實驗用大鼠身上對其體重的影響。 Figure 5A: Effect of in vivo NK3 antagonists Talnetant, Metformin and their compositions on body weight in DHT-induced PCOS experimental rats.
圖5B:體內NK3拮抗劑他奈坦(Talnetant)、美福敏(Metformin)及其組合物對禁食六小時之實驗用大鼠的胰島素耐受性試驗之影響。 Figure 5B: Effect of in vivo NK3 antagonists Talnetant, Metformin and their compositions on insulin resistance test in experimental rats fasted for six hours.
圖5C:體內NK3拮抗劑他奈坦(Talnetant)、美福敏(Metformin)及其組合物對隔夜禁食的實驗用大鼠之葡萄糖耐受性反應的影響。 Figure 5C: Effect of in vivo NK3 antagonists Talnetant, Metformin and their compositions on the glucose tolerance response of experimental rats fasted overnight.
圖-5D:體內NK3拮抗劑他奈坦(Talnetant)、美福敏(Metformin)及其組合物對實驗用大鼠之卵巢重量的影響。 Figure-5D: Effect of in vivo NK3 antagonists Talnetant, Metformin and their compositions on the ovarian weight of experimental rats.
將禁食20小時的動物以口服方式施用他奈坦(Talnetant)(5、10和20mg/kg)和美福敏(Metformin)(50、100和300mg/kg)或運輸劑。測量食物的攝取四小時並且在0和4小時記錄體重。分別施以5、10和20mg/kg,他奈坦 (Talnetant)會降低食物攝取量1.9、8.6和9.5%,使體重增加下降8.5、16.0和20.8%,顯示在圖-1A中。分別施以50、100、和300mg/kg,美福敏(Metformin)會降低食物攝取量11.0、16.4和18.7%,使體重增加下降17、37和41%。在與運輸劑對照組比較時,美福敏(Metformin)50和100mg/kg分別顯示顯著的食物攝取降低和體重增加下降。數據表示平均值±SEM,n=6每組,是用單向ANOVA接著用Dunnett-t試驗分析出來的(n=6)。 Animals fasted for 20 hours were orally administered with Talnetant (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg) and Metformin (50, 100 and 300 mg/kg) or vehicle. Food intake was measured for four hours and body weight was recorded at 0 and 4 hours. 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg, respectively. (Talnetant) reduced food intake by 1.9, 8.6, and 9.5%, and decreased body weight by 8.5, 16.0, and 20.8%, as shown in Figure-1A. At 50, 100, and 300 mg/kg, respectively, Metformin reduced food intake by 11.0, 16.4, and 18.7%, and decreased weight gain by 17, 37, and 41%. Metformin 50 and 100 mg/kg showed significant reductions in food intake and weight gain, respectively, when compared to the vehicle control group. Data represent means ± SEM, n = 6 per group, analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett-t test (n = 6).
將禁食20小時的動物以口服方式施用他奈坦(Talnetant)(5、10和20mg/kg)和美福敏(Metformin)(50、100和300mg/kg)或運輸劑。在口服處理15分鐘之後給予葡萄糖負荷(5g/kg)。在施以葡萄糖負荷之後-15,0,15,30,60和120分鐘以超速效觸控(one touch ultra)血糖機測量葡萄糖。結果指示出在與運輸劑對照組相比較下,圖-2中顯示他奈坦(Talnetant)在5、10和15mg/kg分別會降低AUC葡萄糖1.4、3.3和10.8%,圖-2中顯示美福敏(Metformin)在50、100和300mg/kg分別會降低AUC葡萄糖(120min*mg/dL)4.7,15.2和32.1%。在與運輸劑組別比較時,只有美福敏(Metformin)100和300mg/kg顯著降低AUC葡萄糖120min*mg/dL。數據表示平均值±SEM,n=6每組,是用單向ANOVA接著用Dunnett-t試驗分析出來的。 Animals fasted for 20 hours were orally administered with Talnetant (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg) and Metformin (50, 100 and 300 mg/kg) or vehicle. Glucose load (5 g/kg) was administered 15 minutes after oral treatment. Glucose was measured by a one touch ultra blood glucose meter at -15, 0, 15, 30, 60 and 120 minutes after the glucose load was applied. The results indicate that in Figure 2, Talnetant showed a decrease in AUC glucose of 1.4, 3.3, and 10.8% at 5, 10, and 15 mg/kg, respectively, as shown in Figure 2. Metformin reduced AUC glucose (120 min*mg/dL) by 4.7, 15.2 and 32.1% at 50, 100 and 300 mg/kg, respectively. Only Metformin 100 and 300 mg/kg significantly reduced AUC glucose by 120 min*mg/dL when compared to the vehicle group. Data represent mean ± SEM, n = 6 per group, analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett-t test.
將禁食20小時的動物以口服方式施用他奈坦(Talnetant)(10mg/kg)、美福敏(Metformin)(100mg/kg)、組合物或運輸劑。測量食物的攝取四小時並且在0和4小時記錄體重。結果指示在與運輸劑比較時,他奈坦(Talnetant)會降低食物攝取1.9%和使體重增加降低12.6%;在與運輸劑比較時,美福敏(Metformin)顯著降低食物攝取19.3%和體重變化43.2%;並且在與運輸劑比較時,其組合物的組別顯著降低食物攝取24%和體重變化37.9%。組合物的處理顯示對於降低食物攝取有協同增效的影響。數據表示平均值±SEM,n=6每組,是用單向ANOVA接著用Dunnett-t試驗分析出來的。 Animals fasted for 20 hours were orally administered with Talnetant (10 mg/kg), Metformin (100 mg/kg), a composition or a transport agent. Food intake was measured for four hours and body weight was recorded at 0 and 4 hours. The results indicated that Talnetant reduced food intake by 1.9% and weight gain by 12.6% when compared to vehicle; Metformin significantly reduced food intake by 19.3% and body weight when compared to vehicle. The change was 43.2%; and the composition of the composition significantly reduced food intake by 24% and body weight change by 37.9% when compared to the vehicle. Treatment of the composition showed synergistic effects on reducing food intake. Data represent mean ± SEM, n = 6 per group, analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett-t test.
將禁食20小時的動物以口服方式施用他奈坦(Talnetant)(10mg/kg)、美福敏(Metformin)(100mg/kg)、組合物或運輸劑。在口服施用15分鐘之後給予葡萄糖負荷(5g/kg)。在施以葡萄糖負荷之後-15、0、15、30、60和120分鐘以超速效觸控(one touch ultra)血糖機測量葡萄糖。結果顯示在與運輸劑對照組比較時,使用他奈坦(Talnetant)、美福敏(Metformin)及其組合物分別會降低AUC葡萄糖(120min*mg/dL)3.1%、20.5%和31.4%。組合物的處理顯示其較他奈坦(Talnetant)和美福敏(Metformin)單獨處理對於降低AUC葡萄糖(120min*mg/dL)有協同增效的影響。數據表示平均值±SEM,n=6每組,是用單向ANOVA接著用Dunnett-t試驗分析出來的。 Animals fasted for 20 hours were orally administered with Talnetant (10 mg/kg), Metformin (100 mg/kg), a composition or a transport agent. Glucose load (5 g/kg) was administered 15 minutes after oral administration. Glucose was measured by a one touch ultra blood glucose meter at -15, 0, 15, 30, 60 and 120 minutes after the glucose load was applied. The results showed that the use of Talnetant, Metformin and their compositions reduced AUC glucose (120 min*mg/dL) by 3.1%, 20.5% and 31.4%, respectively, when compared to the vehicle control group. Treatment of the composition showed a synergistic effect on the reduction of AUC glucose (120 min*mg/dL) compared to treatment with Talnetant and Metformin alone. Data represent mean ± SEM, n = 6 per group, analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett-t test.
表4:體內NK3拮抗劑他奈坦(Talnetant)、美福敏(Metformin)及其組合物
對隔夜禁食的C57小鼠之葡萄糖耐受性反應的影響
用20mg/kg DHT(二氫睪固酮)對動物進行腹膜內(IP)處理經八週並且並設一個未經DHT處理的正常對照組。將所有DHT處理的動物根據其體重分組並且口服施以他奈坦(Talnetant)(10mg/kg)、美福敏(Metformin)(100mg/kg)、組合物或運輸劑經30天。整個研究期間每隔天即記錄體重。圖-5A中的結果顯示與運輸劑的群組相比,使用他奈坦(Talnetant)(10mg/kg)、美福敏(Metformin)(100mg/kg)、組合物和正常對照組之體重分別降低3.3,2.1,9.9和19.7%。組合物治療顯示對體重減輕有協同增效的影響。正常對照組中的體重顯著低於DHT對照組。數據表示平均值±SEM,n=6每組,是用單向ANOVA接著用Dunnett-t試驗分析出來的。 Animals were treated intraperitoneally (IP) with 20 mg/kg DHT (dihydrotinosterone) for eight weeks and a normal control group without DHT treatment was set up. All DHT-treated animals were grouped according to their body weight and orally administered with Talnetant (10 mg/kg), Metformin (100 mg/kg), composition or vehicle for 30 days. Body weight was recorded every other day throughout the study period. The results in Figure-5A show the weights of Talnetant (10 mg/kg), Metformin (100 mg/kg), the composition and the normal control group, respectively, compared to the vehicle group. Reduced by 3.3, 2.1, 9.9 and 19.7%. Composition treatment showed a synergistic effect on weight loss. The body weight in the normal control group was significantly lower than that in the DHT control group. Data represent mean ± SEM, n = 6 per group, analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett-t test.
在20mg/kg DHT(二氫睪固酮)處理八週之後,根據體重將動物分組並且口服施以他奈坦(Talnetant)(10mg/kg)、美福敏(Metformin)(100mg/kg)、組合物或運輸劑30天。DHT處理30天之後,對所有禁食六小時的動物施用他奈坦(Talnetant)(10mg/kg)、美福敏(Metformin)(100mg/kg)、組合物或運輸劑。藥物處理後以腹膜內施用胰島素(0.5IU/kg)經15分鐘。胰島素處理之後-15,0,15,30,60和120分鐘以超速效觸控(one touch ultra)血糖機測量葡萄糖。結果顯示在圖-5B中,用他奈坦(Talnetant)、美福敏(Metformin)、組合物和正常對照組處理,AUC葡萄糖分別降低15.6%,20.6%,23.6%和29.1%。在與運輸劑的群組比較時,組合物的群組顯著的使胰島素敏感性正常化,並且要比他奈坦(Talnetant)和美福敏(Metformin)單獨使用為佳。數據表示平均值±SEM,n=6每組,是用單向ANOVA接著用Dunnett-t試驗分析出來的。 Eight weeks after treatment with 20 mg/kg DHT (dihydrocretinone), animals were grouped according to body weight and orally administered with Talnetant (10 mg/kg), Metformin (100 mg/kg), composition Or transport agent for 30 days. After 30 days of DHT treatment, all fasted six hour animals were given Talnetant (10 mg/kg), Metformin (100 mg/kg), composition or vehicle. After the drug treatment, insulin (0.5 IU/kg) was administered intraperitoneally for 15 minutes. Glucose was measured by a one touch ultra blood glucose meter at -15, 0, 15, 30, 60 and 120 minutes after insulin treatment. The results are shown in Figure-5B, treated with Talnetant, Metformin, composition and normal control, AUC glucose decreased by 15.6%, 20.6%, 23.6% and 29.1%, respectively. The group of compositions significantly normalizes insulin sensitivity when compared to a group of carriers, and is preferably used alone than Talnetant and Metformin. Data represent mean ± SEM, n = 6 per group, analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett-t test.
在20mg/kg DHT(二氫睪固酮)處理八週之後,將動物根據體重分組並且口服施以他奈坦(Talnetant)(10mg/kg),美福敏(Metformin)(100mg/kg),組合物或運輸劑30天。30天後對隔夜禁食的大鼠施以他奈坦(Talnetant)(10mg/kg)、美福敏(Metformin)(100mg/kg)、組合物或運輸劑。在藥物處理之後15分鐘給予葡萄糖負荷5g/kg。在施以葡萄糖負荷之後-15,0,15,30,60和120分鐘以超速效觸控(one touch ultra)血糖機測量葡萄糖。結果顯示在圖-5C,當與運輸劑對照組比較時,他奈坦(Talnetant)、美福敏(Metformin)、組合物和正常對照組分別使AUC葡萄糖降低1.1%、12.7%、19.9%和20.8%。組合物處理顯示協同增效地增進了葡萄糖的耐受性。數據表示平均值±SEM,n=6每組,是用單向ANOVA接著用Dunnett-t試驗分析出來的。 Eight weeks after treatment with 20 mg/kg DHT (dihydrocretinone), animals were grouped according to body weight and orally administered with Talnetant (10 mg/kg), Metformin (100 mg/kg), composition Or transport agent for 30 days. Over 30 days later, rats that were fasted overnight were given Talnetant (10 mg/kg), Metformin (100 mg/kg), a composition or a transport agent. A glucose load of 5 g/kg was administered 15 minutes after drug treatment. Glucose was measured by a one touch ultra blood glucose meter at -15, 0, 15, 30, 60 and 120 minutes after the glucose load was applied. The results are shown in Figure-5C, when compared to the vehicle control group, Talnetant, Metformin, the composition, and the normal control group reduced AUC glucose by 1.1%, 12.7%, 19.9%, and 20.8%. Composition treatment showed synergistically improved glucose tolerance. Data represent mean ± SEM, n = 6 per group, analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett-t test.
以20mg/kg DHT(二氫睪固酮)處理八週之後,根據體重將動物分組並且口服方式施以他奈坦(Talnetant)(10mg/kg)、美福敏(Metformin)(100mg/kg)、組合物或運輸劑30天。在研究結束時用後頸椎脫臼法將所有動物犧牲掉並收集兩邊卵巢及秤重,貯存在10%福馬林中以供組織病理學研究。結果顯示在圖-5D中,當與輸送劑的組比較時,用他奈坦(Talnetant)、美福敏(Metformin)、組合物處理和正常對照組分別使卵巢重量降低15.7%、28.3%、40.2%和33.2%。組合物處理協同增效的使卵巢重量正常化。數據表示平均值±SEM,n=6每組,是用單向ANOVA接著用Dunnett-t試驗分析出來的。 After eight weeks of treatment with 20 mg/kg DHT (dihydroxosterone), animals were grouped according to body weight and orally administered with Talnetant (10 mg/kg), Metformin (100 mg/kg), combination Or transport agent for 30 days. At the end of the study, all animals were sacrificed by posterior cervical dislocation and both ovaries were collected and weighed and stored in 10% formalin for histopathological studies. The results are shown in Figure-5D, when compared to the vehicle-delivered group, Talnetant, Metformin, composition treatment, and normal control group reduced ovarian weight by 15.7%, 28.3%, respectively. 40.2% and 33.2%. The composition is treated synergistically to normalize ovarian weight. Data represent mean ± SEM, n = 6 per group, analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett-t test.
胰島素阻抗和補償性高胰島素血症是第二型糖尿病、血脂異常、高血壓和動脈硬化,被稱作代謝症候群的發現群組的風險因子(J Am Sci 2013;9(12):54-62)。胰島素阻抗和補償性高胰島素血症亦為多囊性卵巢症 候群(PCOS)的重要特徵,該症候群是特徵為慢性不排卵和雄性激素過多的病症,其影響的是生殖年齡的婦女。在受PCOS影響的婦女身上,高胰島素血症可能藉著促進部正不正常的雄激素分泌和阻斷濾泡生成及月經的週期性導致多囊性卵巢症候群之發病(Azziz,2003 and Feng et al.,2013)。在PCOS中,LH濃度會增加並且FSH濃度降低導致升高的LH/FSH比率(Semin Reprod Med.2002 Nov;20(4):317-26)。DHT-誘發的PCOS之實驗模型的特徵與病患之PCOS的病理生理學結果密切相仿,包括:濾泡生長停頓、慢性不排卵、極少的卵巢顆粒細胞增生、細胞過度增殖、高雄性素血症、中央型肥胖症、葡萄糖不耐受和胰島素阻抗(J Am Sci 2013;9(12):54-62,Endocrine Reviews,October 2015,36(5):487-525)。吾人的數據證明:在急性處理後,他奈坦(Talnetant)和美福敏(Metformin)的組合物能協同增效的降低體重和食物攝取,而在慢性處理後觀察到組合物對體重、卵巢重量和葡萄糖耐受性的協同增效作用,且對胰島素敏感性有加成性的影響。在這些研究中的發現支持美福敏(Metformin)和NK3拮抗劑的組合物可以用作為有效的方法使PCOS和關聯的異常病狀恢復。 Insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia are type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and arteriosclerosis, a risk factor known as the discovery group for metabolic syndrome (J Am Sci 2013;9(12):54-62 ). Insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia are also polycystic ovarian disease An important feature of PCOS, a condition characterized by chronic anovulation and excessive androgen, affecting women of reproductive age. In women affected by PCOS, hyperinsulinemia may lead to the onset of polycystic ovarian syndrome by promoting abnormal and normal androgen secretion and blocking follicular production and menstrual cycle (Azziz, 2003 and Feng et Al., 2013). In PCOS, the LH concentration increases and the FSH concentration decreases resulting in an elevated LH/FSH ratio (Semin Reprod Med. 2002 Nov; 20(4): 317-26). The characteristics of the experimental model of DHT-induced PCOS are closely related to the pathophysiological results of PCOS in patients, including: follicular growth pause, chronic anovulation, minimal ovarian granulosa cell proliferation, hyperproliferation of cells, hyperandrogenemia Central obesity, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance (J Am Sci 2013; 9(12): 54-62, Endocrine Reviews, October 2015, 36(5): 487-525). Our data demonstrate that after acute treatment, the combination of Talnetant and Metformin synergistically reduces body weight and food intake, while composition is observed for weight and ovarian weight after chronic treatment. Synergistic effects with glucose tolerance and additive effects on insulin sensitivity. The findings in these studies support the combination of Metformin and NK3 antagonists as an effective method to restore PCOS and associated abnormal conditions.
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