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TW201529330A - 防火布及其製造方法 - Google Patents

防火布及其製造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
TW201529330A
TW201529330A TW103101946A TW103101946A TW201529330A TW 201529330 A TW201529330 A TW 201529330A TW 103101946 A TW103101946 A TW 103101946A TW 103101946 A TW103101946 A TW 103101946A TW 201529330 A TW201529330 A TW 201529330A
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Taiwan
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fireproof
cloth
layer
item
fire
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TW103101946A
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English (en)
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jin-dun Lin
Ding-Nan Zhan
jia-feng Huang
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Starfish Aero Co Ltd
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Priority to TW103101946A priority Critical patent/TW201529330A/zh
Priority to CN201410424062.5A priority patent/CN104786599A/zh
Priority to US14/517,404 priority patent/US20150204011A1/en
Publication of TW201529330A publication Critical patent/TW201529330A/zh

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/564—Polyureas, polyurethanes or other polymers having ureide or urethane links; Precondensation products forming them
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/68—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with phosphorus or compounds thereof, e.g. with chlorophosphonic acid or salts thereof
    • D06M11/70—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with phosphorus or compounds thereof, e.g. with chlorophosphonic acid or salts thereof with oxides of phosphorus; with hypophosphorous, phosphorous or phosphoric acids or their salts
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/73—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof
    • D06M11/74—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon or graphite; with carbides; with graphitic acids or their salts
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    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • D06N3/0059—Organic ingredients with special effects, e.g. oil- or water-repellent, antimicrobial, flame-resistant, magnetic, bactericidal, odour-influencing agents; perfumes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
    • D06N3/0063—Inorganic compounding ingredients, e.g. metals, carbon fibres, Na2CO3, metal layers; Post-treatment with inorganic compounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/04—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06N3/042—Acrylic polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
    • D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
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    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2631—Coating or impregnation provides heat or fire protection
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2631—Coating or impregnation provides heat or fire protection
    • Y10T442/2672—Phosphorus containing
    • Y10T442/268—Phosphorus and nitrogen containing compound
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2631—Coating or impregnation provides heat or fire protection
    • Y10T442/2721—Nitrogen containing

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

本發明係為一種防火布及其製造方法，其結構包含一布料層與形成於該布料層的一防火阻隔層，而其步驟包含一調配步驟、一塗抹步驟與一乾燥步驟，其中該調配步驟為混合一液態黏膠與一阻隔劑並攪拌形成一防火混合漿料，並該塗抹步驟為讓該防火混合漿料塗抹黏著於該布料層，該乾燥步驟為該防火混合漿料靜置乾燥形成該防火阻隔層，據此透過該阻隔劑具有遇高溫而膨脹與相當高的熔點的特性，可以吸收液化的可燃物質，並可以支撐結構的完整性，據此本發明的防火布接觸高溫之火焰時，具有不熔滴、不熔融崩潰及直接炭化形成阻絕層之特性，亦即不會起火蔓延且可阻絕火焰，滿足防火的要求。

Description

防火布及其製造方法
本發明有關於布料，尤其有關於布料的防火結構。
火災是現代建築不可忽視的威脅之一，爲了減少火災發生時的損失並保障大眾的安全，各種防火材料已經廣泛應用於人的生活環境之中。其中防火布，由於可於裝潢中作為裝潢材料使用，並可為各種家具的外觀材料，而為相當重要的難燃材料之一。
習知防火布係由一底層布與一表層面料所構成，該底層布為無難燃效果之人造纖維、天然纖維或是人造纖維與天然纖維織混紡之平織或針織基布，其利用後處理加工方式如浸泡(dipping) 或鍍膜(coating)等方式產生難燃效果，該表層面料則為具觀賞價值之布材或人造皮革，如麂皮布等材質，接著利用具有難燃效果之接著劑貼合該底層布與該表層面料，以藉由該難燃之接著劑使該底層布與該表層面料所形成之防火布具有難燃的效果。
此習知防火布其難燃效果來自於經過難燃處理過的底層布，亦即其係藉由外加的難燃劑來達到難燃的效果，然而遇高溫的火焰時，該表層面料容易有熔滴的問題，且該底層布雖不易起火，但易有熔融崩潰的現象，由於該表層面料為可燃材質，熔滴之後會有蔓延起火的可能，而該底層布於熔融崩潰之後，可能會有更多的可燃材質曝露於火焰之下，同樣會造成火焰蔓延，因而難以滿足防火之需求。
爰此，本發明之主要目的在於提供一種防火布，其具有不熔滴、不熔融及直接炭化形成阻絕層的特性，滿足防火的要求。
本發明係為一種防火布，其結構包含一布料層以及形成於該布料層上的一防火阻隔層，該防火阻隔層為混合有一液態黏膠與一阻隔劑。
而其步驟包含一調配步驟、一塗抹步驟與一乾燥步驟，其中該調配步驟為混合該液態黏膠、該阻隔劑並攪拌形成一防火混合漿料，該塗抹步驟為讓該防火混合漿料塗抹黏著於該布料層，該乾燥步驟為讓塗抹有該防火混合漿料的該布料層，靜置乾燥而於該布料層形成該防火阻隔層。
據此，本發明的防火布，於遭遇高溫的火焰時，可透過該阻隔劑具有遇高溫而膨脹與相當高的熔點的特性，來吸收液化的可燃物質，並形成屏障，且可以支撐屏障結構的完整性，據此本發明的防火布接觸高溫之火焰時，具有不熔滴、不熔融崩潰及直接炭化形成阻絕層之特性，不但不會起火，且可阻絕火焰，防止火焰蔓延，滿足防火的要求。
S1‧‧‧調配步驟
S2‧‧‧塗抹步驟
S3‧‧‧乾燥步驟
10‧‧‧布料層
20‧‧‧防火阻隔層
21‧‧‧防火混合漿料
30‧‧‧刮刀
40‧‧‧烘烤裝置
圖1，為本發明防火布之結構示意圖。
圖2，為本發明防火布之製造流程圖。
圖3，為本發明防火布之製造結構示意圖一。
圖4，為本發明防火布之製造結構示意圖二。
為俾使貴委員對本發明之特徵、目的及功效，有著更加深入之瞭解與認同，茲列舉一較佳實施例並配合圖式說明如后：
請參閱「圖1」所示，本發明的結構為一種防火布，其包含一布料層10以及形成於該布料層10的一防火阻隔層20，該防火阻隔層20為混合有一液態黏膠與一阻隔劑，其中液態黏膠的較佳選擇為水性壓克力(PMMA)樹脂或水性聚氨酯(PU)樹脂；而阻隔劑的較佳選擇為一石墨與一膨脹劑的混合物，或者阻隔劑亦可選擇為磷酸銨。
請參閱「圖2」與「圖3」所示，本發明的步驟包含一調配步驟S1、一塗抹步驟S2與一乾燥步驟S3，其中該調配步驟S1為混合該液態黏膠與該阻隔劑攪拌形成一防火混合漿料21。
而如參閱「圖3」所示，而該塗抹步驟S2為讓該防火混合漿料21塗抹黏著於該布料層10，在實際實施上，該塗抹步驟S2為讓該布料層10的一側置放該防火混合漿料21，並透過一刮刀30刮除多餘的該防火混合漿料21。且該布料層10的材質可以為選自傢飾用布、麂皮布與人造皮革的任一種。其中傢飾用布包含常用之材質如聚酯樹脂纖維(polyester)、棉花(cotton)、嫘縈(rayon)、聚丙烯(pp)、尼龍(nylon)等等。而人造皮革包含聚氨基甲酸脂（Polyurethane；PU）、聚氯乙烯(PVC)等等
請再參閱「圖4」所示，該乾燥步驟S3為讓塗抹有該防火混合漿料21的該布料層10(如圖3所示)，靜置乾燥，而於該布料層10形成該防火阻隔層20，且為了加速靜置乾燥的時程，該乾燥步驟S3更可以利用一烘烤裝置40加速該防火混合漿料21乾燥轉變成該防火阻隔層20的過程，而減少製造時間。
本發明的防火布具有二層結構，其中該布料層10提供柔軟的觸感與具觀賞價值的外觀，而該防火阻隔層20則提供不可燃且具阻隔特性的防火效果，又本發明的防火布，於遭遇高溫的火焰時，為透過該阻隔劑具有遇高溫而膨脹與相當高的熔點的特性，來吸收液化的可燃物質，而不熔滴，並形成屏障，且可以支撐屏障結構的完整性，而不熔融崩潰。
如上所述，本發明的防火布具有不熔滴、不熔融崩潰及直接炭化形成阻絕層之特性，不但不會起火，且可阻絕火焰，防止火焰蔓延，滿足防火的要求。
綜上所述僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已，並非用來限定本發明之實施範圍，即凡依本發明申請專利範圍所做的均等變化與修飾，皆為本發明申請專利範圍所涵蓋。
 
10‧‧‧布料層
20‧‧‧防火阻隔層

Claims (10)

  1. 【第1項】

    一種防火布，其包含：
    一布料層；以及
    形成於該布料層上的一防火阻隔層，該防火阻隔層為混合有一液態黏膠與一阻隔劑。
  2. 【第2項】

    如申請專利範圍第1項所述之防火布，其中該液態黏膠為水性壓克力樹脂或水性聚氨酯樹脂，該阻隔劑為一石墨與一膨脹劑的混合物。
  3. 【第3項】

    如申請專利範圍第1項所述之防火布，其中該液態黏膠為水性壓克力樹脂或水性聚氨酯樹脂，該阻隔劑為磷酸銨。
  4. 【第4項】

    如申請專利範圍第1項所述之防火布，其中該布料層的材質為選自傢飾用布、麂皮布與人造皮革的任一種。
  5. 【第5項】

    一種防火布的製造方法，其步驟包含：
    一調配步驟，該調配步驟為混合一液態黏膠與一阻隔劑並攪拌形成一防火混合漿料；
    一塗抹步驟，該塗抹步驟為讓該防火混合漿料塗抹黏著於一布料層；
    一乾燥步驟，該乾燥步驟為讓該防火混合漿料，靜置乾燥而於該布料層形成一防火阻隔層。
  6. 【第6項】

    如申請專利範圍第5項所述之防火布的製造方法，其中該液態黏膠為水性壓克力樹脂或水性聚氨酯樹脂，該阻隔劑為一石墨與一膨脹劑的混合物。
  7. 【第7項】

    如申請專利範圍第5項所述之防火布的製造方法，其中該液態黏膠為水性壓克力樹脂或水性聚氨酯樹脂，該阻隔劑為磷酸銨。
  8. 【第8項】

    如申請專利範圍第5項所述之防火布的製造方法，其中該塗抹步驟為讓該布料層的一側置放該防火混合漿料，並透過一刮刀刮除多餘的該防火混合漿料。
  9. 【第9項】

    如申請專利範圍第5項所述之防火布的製造方法，其中該乾燥步驟更利用一烘烤裝置加速該防火混合漿料的乾燥。
  10. 【第10項】

    如申請專利範圍第5項所述之防火布的製造方法，其中該布料層的材質為選自傢飾用布、麂皮布與人造皮革的任一種。
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