201243167 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係與從容器取出液體之虹吸管相關者。 【先前技術】 虹吸原理，自古以來，就被應用於從土木、治水、各 種工廠設備到家庭用品之液體運送上。 利用虹吸管從容器取出液體之方法，相對於規模較小 之系統所利用之以配設於容器下部之取出口及水龍頭來取 出之方法，下述諸點較具優勢。即使已經裝入液體之容器 沒有取出口，其後，也可利用設置虹吸管來連續性•間歇 性地使用液體。容器本身不必有以取出液體爲目的之構造 。因爲沒有突起構造，此外，有時可以利用可層積收容複 數容器，故可提高器具獨特一式之搬運性、節省多數運送 時之運送成本。於取出液體之路徑可以不使用可動構件之 構成，而減少故障之風險。 同樣地，相對於利用泵來取出，具有如下所示之優勢 〇 因爲路徑內沒有以汲出爲目的之可動構件’故障之風 險較少。可以爲低成本之構成。也容易小型化。 此外，原始之取出方法方面，簡單地傾斜容器來從容 器緣部取出液體之方法，雖然在容器沒有取出構造時也可 實現，然而，相對於其，可以虹吸管來決定取出速度及取 出位置，而具有可減少溢出容器外而浪費掉之液體量的優 -5- 201243167 點》 利用虹吸管時，在開始取出液體時，就必須使管內發 生虹吸或壓力虹吸狀態。 不使用外部之起動手段且虹吸管之液體路徑中沒有閥 及泵構造時，可以利用以下之方法，然而，分別有如所述 之問題。 (1) 將虹吸管整體浸漬於液體而使管內充滿液體， 並密閉管內使其成爲使用狀態之方法： 虹吸管爲固體時，若考慮到液體爲少量時的話，則容 器寬度必須爲虹吸管之長度以上，有時，會有因爲容器形 狀而無法實施的情形。虹吸管具有柔軟性時，則不受以上 之限制，然而，一般而言，液體比較少量時，容器愈深則 取出開始作業就較爲困難。在應避免液體接觸人手的情形 下時，就更難實施。 (2) 從取出口吸出空氣，再使液體充滿虹吸管內之 方法： 以口吸出有安全上、或衛生上之問題時，如下面之專 利文獻1所示，可以利用泵等。小口徑之虹吸管的話，因 爲較容易減少殘留於頂部之空氣，故爲有效方法，然而， 增設泵構造，就成爲妨礙小型化的主要原因。此外，因爲 構件的增加，故障的風險也提高。 (3 )從預先配設於虹吸管頂部之可開關的開口，注 入液體作爲「啓動注給水」來充滿虹吸管內之方法： 其係主要使用於大型工程等之方法。在不但要密閉取 -6- 201243167 出口也要密閉浸漬於液體之吸液口側之狀態下’注入啓動 注給水，應用在小規模系統時，操作太過繁雜。此外’在 應避免液體接觸人手的情形下時，就更難實施。 另一方面，於虹吸管之液體路徑中，配設閥及泵構造 之例，如下述專利文獻2及3之方法所示。兩者皆爲：從容 器取出液體時，可以簡單地發生虹吸或壓力虹吸狀態之構 成，然而，因爲增設了閥及泵構造本身、以及適合操作之 大小的操作部，不易實現小型化。此外，因爲於液體取出 之路徑內使用了可動構件，相較於沒有該等時，故障之風 險也相對地提高。 其次，針對本發明所利用之虹吸或壓力虹吸之發生原 理來進行說明。 此處，接觸虹吸管之內面的液體，於由接觸部分至次 式所表示之毛細管長度ΚΛ(·1)程度之距離，係處於毛細管 效果比重力優勢之狀態。 [數式1]201243167 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field to Which the Invention Is Present] The present invention relates to a siphon associated with taking out a liquid from a container. [Prior Art] The siphon principle has been used since the ancient times for liquid transportation from civil engineering, water control, various plant equipment, and household goods. The method of taking out the liquid from the container by the siphon is advantageous in comparison with the method of taking off the outlet and the faucet disposed in the lower portion of the container by the smaller system. Even if the container in which the liquid has been filled does not have an outlet, thereafter, a siphon can be used to continuously/intermittently use the liquid. The container itself does not have to have a structure for the purpose of taking out the liquid. Since there is no protruding structure, in addition, it is possible to store the plurality of containers by lamination, so that the unique handling property of the appliance can be improved, and the transportation cost at the time of transportation can be saved. The path for taking out the liquid can eliminate the risk of malfunction by not using the configuration of the movable member. Similarly, with respect to the use of a pump for taking out, there is an advantage as shown below 〇 because there is no risk of failure of the movable member in the path for the purpose of smashing out. Can be a low cost component. It is also easy to miniaturize. Further, in terms of the original take-out method, the method of simply tilting the container to take out the liquid from the edge of the container can be realized although the container has no take-out configuration, however, with respect to the siphon, the take-up speed and the take-out position can be determined. It has the advantage of reducing the amount of liquid that is wasted outside the overflow container. When using a siphon, when the liquid is started to be taken out, it is necessary to cause siphon or pressure siphoning in the tube. When the external starting means is not used and there is no valve or pump configuration in the liquid path of the siphon, the following methods can be utilized, however, there are problems as described above. (1) The method of immersing the siphon as a whole in a liquid to fill the tube with liquid and sealing it into a state of use: When the siphon is solid, if the liquid is considered to be small, the width of the container must be the length of the siphon However, there are cases where the shape of the container cannot be implemented. When the siphon has flexibility, it is not limited to the above. However, in general, when the liquid is relatively small, the deeper the container, the more difficult it is to start the operation. It is more difficult to implement when liquid contact should be avoided. (2) A method of sucking air from the take-out port and filling the liquid into the siphon tube: When the mouth is sucked out for safety or hygiene problems, as shown in the following Patent Document 1, a pump or the like can be used. In the case of a small-diameter siphon, it is an effective method because it is easy to reduce the air remaining on the top. However, the addition of the pump structure is a factor that hinders miniaturization. In addition, the risk of failure increases as the number of components increases. (3) A method of filling a siphon into a switchable opening pre-configured at the top of a siphon, and injecting a liquid as a "starting feed water": it is mainly used in a large-scale project or the like. In addition, it is necessary to close the -6-201243167 outlet and also immerse it in the state of the liquid suction port side, and then inject the start-up feed water. When it is applied to a small-scale system, the operation is too complicated. In addition, it is more difficult to implement when liquid contact with human hands should be avoided. On the other hand, an example in which a valve and a pump structure are disposed in the liquid path of the siphon is as shown in the following methods of Patent Documents 2 and 3. Both of them are: when the liquid is taken out from the container, the siphon or pressure siphon state can be easily formed. However, since the valve and the pump structure itself and the operation portion suitable for the operation are added, it is difficult to achieve miniaturization. Further, since the movable member is used in the path in which the liquid is taken out, the risk of failure is relatively increased as compared with the case where the movable member is not used. Next, the principle of the occurrence of siphoning or pressure siphon used in the present invention will be described. Here, the distance of the liquid contacting the inner surface of the siphon to the extent of the capillary length ΚΛ (·1) represented by the contact portion is in a state in which the capillary effect is superior to gravity. [Expression 1]
其中，I^kg/in、）係液體之密度，g(m/sA2)係重力加速 度，r (N/m)係液體之表面張力。毛細管長度，在g = 9 · 8(m/sA2)之地球上，一般而言，係2至3亳米程度。具體而 言，例如，因爲如下述非專利文獻1等所示，故省略其說 明。 利用第7圖至第9圖’針對進行虹吸狀態之轉移進行說 201243167 明。圖中所賦予之編號，3個圖中係相同，1 0 1係注入著液 體之容器的側壁，102係虹吸管，103係容器內之液面， 1〇4係虹吸管內之液面，105係爲虹吸管102及容器側壁1〇1 所夾之空間的液面，1 06之箭頭，係用以標示圖中之毛細 管長度的指標（如後面所述之注意）。 第7圖，係容器之平置狀態圖，容器內之液面103及虹 吸管內之液面104，除了接近虹吸管10 2/側壁101之附近以 外，爲於垂直方向大致一致的水平。位於狹窄空間之液面 105，則處於稍高之水平。 第8圖，係容器傾斜至轉移成虹吸狀態前爲止的狀態 圖，容器內之液面103，係比側壁101之緣部稍高之水平， 而處於因爲表面張力而不溢出之狀態。此時，虹吸管內液 面104，係容器內液面103稍高之毛細管長度106程度的位 置而接觸管內上面。液面105，則係上昇至側壁101之緣面 〇 第9圖，係容器傾斜至轉移成虹吸狀態之角度爲止的 狀態圖，容器內液面1〇3，進一步上昇，而比容器緣高出 約毛細管長度程度。到目前爲止，虹吸管102之內壁上面 及容器內液面1〇3之水平差，即使於最高部，也爲毛細管 長度106以下，虹吸管內液面104超過最高部就會被導引至 容器外側。 移至容器外側之液體，若虹吸管內面間之距離大於毛 細管長度之2倍的話，則會受到優勢重力之影響。虹吸管 內液面104，實際上，係經由第9圖之狀態，而使虹吸管 ' 8 - 201243167 102於容器外之方向朝下。馬上，液面通過虹吸管之末端 而到達容器外之空間，而使虹吸或壓力虹吸狀態成立。液 面1 05，若空間相較於毛細管長度1 06爲夠小的話，則因爲 優勢之表面張力，不會朝容器外前進。 利甩上述原理，對應液體及使用環境來採用適度材質 •形狀，就可適度地取出液體。 第7圖至第9圖所示之毛細管長度的指標106，只是爲 了說明的示意圖，原本，應爲受到各液體與各部之接觸角 、及壁面與重力之角度的影響而爲不同的値，然而，在實 用上，配合第9圖之二個指標的動作條件値，係扣除管之 壁厚及從容器之浮出，而爲毛細管長度之2倍程度以下即 可。 虹吸管之剖面積較大時，如上面所述，因爲虹吸管 102內壁間之尺寸要求已大致決定，而有形狀上的困難， 然而，可以利用製造之精密度來進行某種程度之對應。 實際之檢討上，虹吸管之材質，可以使用不銹鋼/黃 銅/聚碳酸酯/丙烯酸/PET，管端之剖面則爲內徑6mm以下 之圓形。容器之材質以陶器/玻璃/鋼/不銹鋼/鈦/塑膠杯、 液體則以水及熱水來進行確認。 [專利文獻1]日本特許第1 329 7號公報 [專利文獻2]日本特開2000-209978號公報 [專利文獻3]日本實公昭24-6 5 5 2號公報 [非專利文獻l]de Gennes及其他著/奧付剛譯 「表面 張力之物理學 第2版-雨滴、氣泡、水珠、漣波之世界」 201243167 吉岡書店 2008年 【發明內容】 欲解決問題點，係利用虹吸管之液體取出開始作業一 般較爲繁雜、有時需要大費周章之點，以及，解決該問題 時’難以實現器具之小型化，且故障之風險較高。 本發明的主要特徵，係藉由使虹吸管之接觸容器緣部 之灣曲部的形狀，在跨越一定範圍下，爲液體之毛細管長 度之2倍程度以下之內壁間距離，而藉由傾斜容器來發生 虹吸或壓力虹吸現象》 本發明之虹吸管，因爲只要傾斜容器即可簡易地開始 液體之取出，且不必追加構件，故有器具不會增大 '不易 故障之優點。 【實施方式】 以2個實施例來針對本發明之虹吸管進行說明。 [實施例1] 第1圖，係本發明之第1實施例之使用時構成圖’ 1係 容器，2係液體，3係虹吸管（以下同’虹吸管3只標示至 第3圖）。虹吸管3，因爲具有突出於容器外側之突起部分 ，故在設置於容器1緣部之狀態下，爲重疊傾斜狀態。 第2圖，液體之取出開始時之狀態圖。在容器1內之液 面於容器之緣部充分隆起之狀態下，藉由如前面所述之先 -10- 201243167 前技術所說明之原理，虹吸或壓力虹吸狀態成立’而發生 液體之取出流4。 - 第3圖，係第2圖之狀態之後，稍爲恢復容器1之傾斜 的狀態。於該狀態下，因爲虹吸管3之下游前端仍然位在 低於容器1內之液面的位置’而繼續有取出流4。亦即’在 比取出開始條件更廣泛之傾斜範圍，可以繼續取出’此外 ，於範圍內，可以調整取出速度。 取出之停止，係在液體流出時，產生容器1內之液面 低於虹吸管3之下游前端，或者，恢復容器1之傾斜並使其 朝相反側傾斜，而產生虹吸管3之下游前端高於容器1內之 液面的狀態時發生。不停止取出，而配合液體之流出來增 加容器1之傾斜程度，可以連續地將容器1內之液體幾乎全 部取出。 本構成，因爲只以虹吸管3之單一構件，很簡單地即 可開始/停止從容器1之液體取出，尤其是，適合重視器具 一式性之收容性及攜帶性的用途。虹吸管3，灣曲部以外 採分割構成來使其具有可撓性等，也可對應用途來改善收 容/攜帶性。 [實施例2] 第4圖，係本發明之第2實施例之使用時構成圖，5係 第2實施例之虹吸管，6係延長管，7係用以氣密地連結虹 吸管5及延長管6之連結部，8係用以將延長管6及虹吸管5 保持於容器1之支撐具。其特徵在於，虹吸管5之灣曲部爲 -11 - 201243167 大致180度之回轉，在延長管6 —旦降至容器1之底部水平 高度時，可以將下游前端提高至容器1之緣部高度程度。 第5圖，係液體之取出開始時的狀態圖。與實施例1相 同，此時，虹吸或壓力虹吸狀態成立。液面落至延長管6 之回轉部後，再度進入低於容器1內之液面之位置的延長 管6並下游端，來發生取出流9。 第6圖，係繼第5圖之後，使容器1恢復成原來姿勢之 圖。與第1實施例之差異，係此狀態下沒有取出流9，然而 ，並未解除虹吸狀態，液面停止於延長管6之下游端前之 位置1 0。在該狀態下，再度傾斜容器1的話，即使容器1內 之液面未到達容器1緣部之角度，在延長管6之下游前端低 於容器1內之液面的水平時點，即可使取出流9復活。此構 成時，虹吸狀態一旦發生，在未完全取出液體、或移除虹 吸管的情形，就不會被消除。 第2實施例之構成，在一邊微妙地調整取出流9之強度 一邊少量地取出液體來使用時，十分有效。連結部7，若 虹吸管5及延長管6爲可分割之構成，則清掃十分容易。延 長管6採用可折曲之彈性材，也可在不會大幅損失收容性 •攜帶性之情形下實現。 此外，本發明之適用範圍，並未受限於上述各實施例 。本發明，可以廣泛地應用於從容器取出液體之器具•裝 置。 可以利用於製造從容器取出液體之器具•裝置的產業 等。 -12- 201243167 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係虹吸管之使用時構成的說明圖 第2圖係第1圖構成之使用時動作的說 1 ) 第3圖係第1圖構成之使用時動作的說 1 ) 第4圖係虹吸管之使用時構成的說明圖 第5圖係第4圖構成之使用時動作的說 2 ) 第6圖係第4圖構成之使用時動作的說 2) 第7圖係虹吸管之動作的詳細說明圖。 第8圖係虹吸管之動作的詳細說明圖。 第9圖係虹吸管之動作的詳細說明圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 :容器 2 :液體 3 :虹吸管（實施例1 ) 5 :虹吸管（實施例2 ) 6 :延長管（實施例2 ) 。（實施例1 ) 明圖。（實施例 明圖。（實施例 。（實施例2 ) 明圖。（實施例 明圖。（實施例 (先前技術） (先前技術） (先前技術） -13-Among them, I^kg/in,) is the density of the liquid, g(m/sA2) is the acceleration of gravity, and r (N/m) is the surface tension of the liquid. The length of the capillary, on the earth with g = 9 · 8 (m/sA2), is generally about 2 to 3 mils. Specifically, for example, as described in Non-Patent Document 1 and the like below, the description thereof is omitted. Use Figure 7 to Figure 9 for the transfer of the siphon state 201243167. The numbers given in the figure are the same in the three figures. The 10 1 is the side wall of the container in which the liquid is injected, the 102 series siphon, the liquid level in the 103 series container, the liquid level in the 1〇4 series siphon, and the 105 series. The liquid level of the space sandwiched by the siphon 102 and the side wall of the container 〇1, the arrow of 106, is used to indicate the index of the capillary length in the figure (as noted later). Fig. 7 is a plan view of the container in a flat state. The liquid level 103 in the container and the liquid level 104 in the siphon tube are substantially equal to each other in the vertical direction except for the vicinity of the siphon tube 10 2 / side wall 101. The level 105 in the narrow space is at a slightly higher level. Fig. 8 is a state diagram in which the container is tilted until it is transferred to the siphon state, and the liquid surface 103 in the container is slightly higher than the edge of the side wall 101, and is in a state of not overflowing due to surface tension. At this time, the liquid surface 104 in the siphon tube contacts the upper surface of the tube at a position where the liquid level 103 in the container is slightly higher than the capillary length of 106. The liquid level 105 rises to the edge of the side wall 101. Fig. 9 is a state diagram in which the container is tilted to the angle of the siphon state, and the liquid level in the container is 1〇3, which rises further and is higher than the edge of the container. About the length of the capillary. Up to now, the level difference between the inner wall of the siphon 102 and the liquid level in the container is 〇3, even at the highest part, the capillary length is below 106, and the liquid level 104 in the siphon exceeds the highest part and is guided to the outside of the container. . The liquid moved to the outside of the container will be affected by the dominant gravity if the distance between the inner faces of the siphon is greater than twice the length of the capillary. The siphon inner surface 104, in effect, passes through the state of Figure 9 with the siphon '8 - 201243167 102 facing downward in the direction of the container. Immediately, the liquid level passes through the end of the siphon and reaches the space outside the container, allowing the siphon or pressure siphon state to be established. The liquid surface 105, if the space is small enough compared to the capillary length of 106, will not advance toward the outside of the container due to the superior surface tension. With the above principle, the liquid can be appropriately taken out by using a moderate material and shape depending on the liquid and the environment. The index 106 of the capillary length shown in Figs. 7 to 9 is only a schematic view for illustration. Originally, it should be different from the contact angle of each liquid with each part, and the angle between the wall and the gravity. However, Practically, in accordance with the operating conditions of the two indicators of Fig. 9, the wall thickness of the tube and the floating from the container are subtracted, and the length of the capillary is twice or less. When the cross-sectional area of the siphon tube is large, as described above, since the size requirement between the inner walls of the siphon tube 102 has been roughly determined, and there is a shape difficulty, the precision of the manufacturing can be utilized to perform a certain degree of correspondence. For the actual review, the material of the siphon can be stainless steel/copper/polycarbonate/acrylic/PET, and the cross section of the tube end is a circle with an inner diameter of 6 mm or less. The material of the container is made of pottery/glass/steel/stainless steel/titanium/plastic cup, and the liquid is confirmed by water and hot water. [Patent Document 1] Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2000-209978 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho-24-6 5 5 2 [Non-Patent Document 1] de Gennes And other / Ou Fu Gang translated "The second edition of the surface tension of physics - raindrops, bubbles, water drops, the world of the waves" 201243167 Yoshioka Bookstore 2008 [invention content] To solve the problem, the liquid is taken out by the siphon Starting the work is generally complicated, sometimes it takes a lot of trouble, and when the problem is solved, it is difficult to achieve miniaturization of the appliance, and the risk of failure is high. The main feature of the present invention is that the shape of the curved portion of the siphon tube contacting the edge of the container is equal to or less than twice the length of the capillary of the liquid over a certain range, and the container is inclined by tilting the container. The phenomenon of siphoning or pressure siphoning occurs. The siphon of the present invention can simply start the removal of the liquid by tilting the container, and does not require additional components, so that the appliance does not increase the advantage of being difficult to malfunction. [Embodiment] The siphon of the present invention will be described in two embodiments. [Embodiment 1] Fig. 1 is a view showing a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 1 is a container, a 2-series liquid, and a 3-series siphon (hereinafter, the 'siphon 3 is only shown in Fig. 3'). Since the siphon 3 has a protruding portion that protrudes from the outside of the container, it is placed in an inclined state in a state of being disposed at the edge of the container 1. Fig. 2 is a state diagram at the start of liquid withdrawal. In the state where the liquid level in the container 1 is sufficiently raised at the edge of the container, the siphon or pressure siphon state is established by the principle described in the foregoing prior art to -10- 201243167, and the liquid take-out flow occurs. 4. - Fig. 3, after the state of Fig. 2, slightly restores the state in which the container 1 is tilted. In this state, the take-up stream 4 continues because the downstream end of the siphon tube 3 is still at a position lower than the liquid level in the container 1. That is, 'the extraction range can be continued in a wider range than the extraction start condition'. In addition, the extraction speed can be adjusted within the range. The withdrawal is stopped, when the liquid flows out, the liquid level in the container 1 is generated lower than the downstream front end of the siphon tube 3, or the inclination of the container 1 is restored and tilted toward the opposite side, and the downstream front end of the siphon tube 3 is generated higher than the container. The state of the liquid level within 1 occurs. The liquid in the container 1 can be continuously removed almost completely without stopping the take-out and increasing the inclination of the container 1 by the flow of the liquid. In the present configuration, since only a single member of the siphon tube 3 can be used to start/stop the liquid withdrawal from the container 1, it is particularly suitable for the use of the device for accommodation and portability. The siphon 3 and the bay curve are divided into a structure to make them flexible, and the capacity/portability can be improved in accordance with the use. [Embodiment 2] Fig. 4 is a view showing a configuration of a second embodiment of the present invention, 5 is a siphon according to a second embodiment, a 6-series extension tube, and 7 is for airtightly connecting a siphon 5 and an extension tube. The connecting portion of 6 is a support for holding the extension tube 6 and the siphon tube 5 in the container 1. The utility model is characterized in that the bay curve of the siphon tube 5 is a substantially 180 degree rotation of -11 - 201243167, and when the extension tube 6 is lowered to the bottom level of the container 1, the downstream front end can be raised to the height of the edge of the container 1. . Fig. 5 is a state diagram at the start of liquid withdrawal. The same as in Embodiment 1, at this time, the siphon or pressure siphon state is established. After the liquid level falls to the revolving portion of the extension pipe 6, the inlet pipe 6 is again entered into the extension pipe 6 at a position lower than the liquid level in the container 1, and the take-up stream 9 is generated. Fig. 6 is a view showing the container 1 restored to its original posture after the fifth drawing. The difference from the first embodiment is that the flow 9 is not taken out in this state, however, the siphon state is not released, and the liquid level is stopped at the position 10 before the downstream end of the extension pipe 6. In this state, if the container 1 is tilted again, even if the liquid level in the container 1 does not reach the angle of the edge of the container 1, when the downstream end of the extension tube 6 is lower than the level of the liquid level in the container 1, the removal can be performed. Stream 9 is resurrected. In this configuration, once the siphon state occurs, it will not be eliminated if the liquid is not completely removed or the siphon is removed. The configuration of the second embodiment is very effective when the liquid is taken out in a small amount while finely adjusting the strength of the taken-out stream 9. In the joint portion 7, if the siphon tube 5 and the extension tube 6 are separable, cleaning is very easy. The elongated tube 6 is made of a flexible elastic material, and can be realized without greatly impairing the accommodation/portability. Further, the scope of application of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The present invention can be widely applied to appliances and devices for taking out liquid from a container. It can be used in the manufacture of appliances and devices for taking out liquids from containers. -12- 201243167 [Description of the drawings] Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the structure of the siphon when it is used. Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the operation of the first diagram. 1) Fig. 3 is the operation of the first diagram. Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the structure of the siphon when it is used. Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the operation of the fourth diagram. 2) Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the operation of the fourth diagram. 2) A detailed illustration of the action of the siphon. Fig. 8 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the action of the siphon. Figure 9 is a detailed illustration of the action of the siphon. [Explanation of main component symbols] 1 : Container 2 : Liquid 3 : Siphon (Example 1) 5 : Siphon (Example 2) 6 : Extension tube (Example 2). (Example 1) A plan view. (Examples. Fig. (Examples (Example 2)). (Examples) (Examples (Prior Art) (Prior Art) (Prior Art) -13-