201248168 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領威】 [0001] 本發明涉及〆種直流供電絕緣故障偵測電路，# 彳日 一種可於直流供電運轉中自動線上進行各迴路的漏電檢 測電路。 【先前技術】 [0002] 請參考第1圖所示，非接地型或高阻抗接地型的直节 供電系統9對電路絕緣劣化的檢測方式，都為運用於電201248168 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technology Leading Technology of the Invention] [0001] The present invention relates to a DC power supply insulation fault detecting circuit, #彳日 A leakage detecting circuit capable of performing automatic circuits on a line in a DC power supply operation. [Prior Art] [0002] Please refer to Figure 1. The non-grounded or high-impedance grounding type of straight-line power supply system 9 detects the deterioration of circuit insulation.
源91設有接地告警裝置92，來量測供電系統9正端對地的 電壓變化及負端對地的電壓變化，以判斷整體供 y、电系統9 是否線路對地絕緣劣化之異常。 [0003] 〇 [0004] 100117535 右供電系統9為連結數分路93，於其一分路 緣劣化的接地故障94，供電系統9之接地告警教署生、邑 2只能 藉量測由供電系統9正端與大地間的電壓差，或負山 地間的電壓差，檢測該供電系統9發生接地故障94來提供 告警訊號，且需停機並對每一分路93進行絕緣檢測，供 能得知是哪個分路93發生接地故障94，而無法達到 線上即時檢測告警接地故障94之分路93，更無法即= 止接地故障94之分路93的供電。 【發明内容】 本發明—種直流供電絕緣故障_電路， 現有非接地型或高阻抗接地型的供電线發生絕緣二 或接地轉時，無岐供高歧賴f錄測告警 無判斷接地故障之迴路的缺點。 警，及 ^此切明之目的，即在提供—種直 表單編號ΑΟΙΟΙ 电，絕緣 第3頁/共16頁 1〇〇2〇29461 [0005] 201248168 故障偵測電路包括有數斷電元件、至少一漏電流檢知器 、至少一正電壓暫態補償器及至少一負電壓暫態補償器 ;該斷電元件係設於供電系統之各迴路的正電端及負電 端，該漏電流檢知器係設於供電系統之迴路，該正電壓 暫態補償器由一充放電電路、一儲能電路及一放電電路 組成；該充放電電路為一電阻，其電阻一端連結於供電 系統之正電端，另一端串聯儲能電路，其該儲能電路另 一端接地，儲能電路由一電阻及一儲能器並聯組成；該 放電電路並聯於充放電電路，其由一單向放電器及一電 阻串聯組成。該負電壓暫態補償器由一充放電電路、 一儲能電路及一放電電路組成；該充放電電路為一電阻 ，其電阻一端連結於供電系統之負電端，另一端串聯儲 能電路，其該儲能電路另一端接地，儲能電路由一電阻 及一儲能器並聯組成；該放電電路並聯於充放電電路， 其由一單向放電器及一電阻串聯組成。 [0006] [0007] 本發明之正電壓暫態補償器及負電壓暫態補償器有 另一電路組態，數正電壓暫態補償器及數負電壓暫態補 償器係分別設於供電系統之各迴路，即為供電系統之各 迴路均設有正電壓暫態補償器及負電壓暫態補償器。 本發明一正電壓暫態補償器及一負電壓暫態補償器 設於供電系統之匯流排（DC Bus)，並與各迴路之漏電流 檢知器配合，亦可達到檢測漏電流之目的。 本發明改良現有於直流供電系統對地絕緣劣化的檢 測的盲點，其利用正電壓暫態補償器之充放電電路的電 阻，使儲能電路進行充電儲存電能，當漏電流檢知器之 100117535 表單編號A0101 第4頁/共16頁 1002029461-0 [0008] 201248168 Ο [0009] [0010] Ο [0011] [0012] 輸出用電側正電端發生對地絕緣劣化時， .,^ ’电流可經由 地網與儲能器接地，形成漏電流迴流之通路， 口 /- J-Z. -- /、儲能 經放電電路之單向放電器進 W欲电使馮電流檢知器感 測通過正電端及負電端之電流值差異變化，並發出土警 訊息或控制斷電元件截止對該迴路的供電，達到言烕卢 檢測之目的，並協助人員即時得知該迴路已發生對地絕 緣劣化的異常，提供運轉中進行各迴路的線上即時漏電 流告警之功能。若漏電流檢知器之輸出用電側負電端線 路對地絕緣劣化時，漏電流即迴流至負電壓暫態補償器 之接地，可達到相同檢測之目的。 综上所述，一種直流供電絕緣故障偵測電路，具下 列優點： 1. 利用電壓暫態補償器可使漏電流檢知器達到高感度 檢測之目的。 2. 各迴路之漏電流檢知器，可自動線上即時告警個別 迴路對地絕緣劣化之情況。 【實施方式】 睛參照第2圖及第3圖所示，本發明之直流供電絕緣 故障偵測電路，其包括有： 數斷電元件2係設於供電系統1之各迴路丨丨的正電端 及負電端，可戴止迴路11之供電。 數漏電流檢知器3，係分別設於供電系統1之迴路11 ，用於感測該迴路11之漏電流值，當檢測到異常的漏電 流時可發出告警訊息或控制斷電元件2截止對該迴路Π 100117535 表單編號Α0101 第5頁/共16頁 1002029461-0 [0013] 201248168 的供電。 [0014] [0015] [0016] [0017] 數正電壓暫態補償器4係分別設於供電系統1之各迴 路11，由一充放電電路41、一儲能電路42及一玫電電路 43組成；該充放電電路41為一電阻411 ,其電阻d 一端 連結於供電系統1之正電端，另一端串聯儲能電路42，其 该儲能電路42另一端接地，儲能電路42由一電阻421及一 儲能器422並聯組成；該放電電路43並聯於充放電電路41 ，其由一單向放電器431及一電阻4 32串聯組成。 數負電壓暫態補償器5係分別設於供電系統1之各迴 路11由一充放電電路51、一儲能電路52及一放電電路53 組成，該充放電電路51為一電阻511，其電阻511 一端連 結於供電系統1之負電端，另一端串聯儲能電路52，其該 儲能電路52另一端接地，儲能電路52由一電阻521及一儲 能器522並聯組成；該放電電路53並聯於充放電電路51， 其由一單向放電器531及一電阻532串聯組成。 本發明的正電壓暫態補償器4及負電壓暫態補償器5 之充放電電路41、51，可使儲能器422、522經電阻421 、521進行充電儲存電能；其放電電路43、53可於線路 對地絕緣劣化19時，讓儲能電路42、52隨即經單向放電 器431、531進行放電。 請參照第3圖所示，運轉中的迴路Η若漏電流檢知器 3之輸出用電15侧正電端或負電端發生對地絕緣劣9 時，漏電流可經地網與儲能器422、522接地，形成漏電 流迴流之通路，其儲能器422、522經單向放電器431、 100117535 表單編號A0101 第6頁/共16頁 1002029461-0 201248168 531進行放電，使漏電流檢知器3感測到通過正電端及負 電端之電流值差異變化，以發出告警訊息或控制斷電元 件2截止對該迴路11的供電*達到南感度檢測之目的^並 協助人員即時得知該迴路11已發生對地絕緣劣化19的異 常。 [0018] Ο [0019] [0020] G [0021] [0022] [0023] [0024] 請參照第4圖所示，本發明其一實施例，於供電系統 1之匯流排14(DC Bus)設一正電壓暫態補償器4及一負電 壓暫態補償器5,可提供各迴路11漏電流迴流之共用通 路，使漏電流檢知器3順利檢測出漏電流。 請參照第5圖所示，本發明更另一實施例，其一正電 壓暫態補償器4及一負電壓暫態補償器5,設於供電系統 1之電力源頭12與匯流排14(DC Bus)間，亦可提供漏電 流迴流之通路。 請參照第6圖所示，一正電壓暫態補償器4及一負電 壓暫態補償器5，設置於未裝漏裝電流檢知器3之迴路11 ，可提供漏電流迴流之通路，使其它迴路11之漏裝電流 檢知器3仍具有檢測漏電流之功能。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖：習知直流供電系統利用正端對地及負端對地電壓 檢測接地故障電路圖。 第2圖：本發明之直流供電絕緣故障偵測電路圖。 第3圖：本發明設置於各迴路之漏電流流向圖。 第4圖：本發明設置於匯流排之漏電流流向圖。 100117535 表單編號A0101 第7頁/共16頁 1002029461-0 201248168 [0025] 第5圖：本發明設置於電力源頭與匯流排之間漏電流流向 圖。 [0026] 第6圖：本發明單一迴路設置應用圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 [0027] 1.供電糸統 11.迴路 [0028] 12.電力源頭 14.匯流排 [0029] 15.輸出用電 19.對地絕緣劣化 [0030] 2.斷電元件 3.漏電流檢知器 [0031] 4.正電壓暫態補償器 41.充放電電路 [0032] 411.電阻 42.儲能電路 [0033] 421.電阻 422.儲能器 [0034] 43.放電電路 431.單向放電器 [0035] 4 3 2.電阻 5.負電壓暫態補償器 [0036] 51.充放電電路 511.電阻 [0037] 52.儲能電路 521.電阻 [0038] 522.儲能器 53.放電電路 [0039] 531.單向放電器 5 3 2.電阻 [0040] 9.供電系統 91.電力源 [0041] 92.接地告警裝置 93.分路 [0042] 94.接地故障 表單編號A0101 第8頁/共16頁 100117535 1002029461-0The source 91 is provided with a grounding warning device 92 for measuring the voltage change of the positive end of the power supply system 9 to the ground and the voltage change of the negative terminal to the ground to determine whether the overall y and electric system 9 is abnormal in the insulation degradation of the line. [0003] 0004 [0004] 100117535 The right power supply system 9 is a ground fault 94 that connects the number of sub-channels 93, which is degraded at one of the branch edges, and the grounding alarm of the power supply system 9 can only be measured by the power supply. The voltage difference between the positive end of the system 9 and the ground, or the voltage difference between the negative mountains, detects that the power supply system 9 has a ground fault 94 to provide an alarm signal, and needs to stop and insulate each branch 93 for energy supply. It is known which branch 93 has a ground fault 94, and it is unable to reach the branch 93 of the online detection of the alarm ground fault 94, and it is impossible to supply the power of the branch 93 of the ground fault 94. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a DC power supply insulation fault _ circuit. When an existing non-grounding type or high impedance grounding type power supply line is insulated or grounded, there is no ambiguity for high discrimination. The shortcomings of the loop. Police, and ^ the purpose of this clear, that is, provide a straight form number ΑΟΙΟΙ electricity, insulation page 3 / a total of 16 pages 1 〇〇 2 〇 29461 [0005] 201248168 fault detection circuit includes a number of power-off components, at least one a leakage current detector, at least one positive voltage transient compensator, and at least one negative voltage transient compensator; the power-off component is disposed at a positive terminal and a negative terminal of each loop of the power supply system, and the leakage current detector The circuit is provided in a circuit of the power supply system. The positive voltage transient compensator comprises a charging and discharging circuit, a storage circuit and a discharging circuit; the charging and discharging circuit is a resistor, and one end of the resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply system. The other end of the series energy storage circuit, the other end of the energy storage circuit is grounded, the energy storage circuit is composed of a resistor and an energy storage device in parallel; the discharge circuit is connected in parallel with the charge and discharge circuit, which is composed of a one-way discharger and a resistor Composed in series. The negative voltage transient compensator comprises a charging and discharging circuit, a storage circuit and a discharging circuit; the charging and discharging circuit is a resistor, one end of the resistor is connected to the negative end of the power supply system, and the other end is connected in series with the energy storage circuit. The other end of the energy storage circuit is grounded, and the energy storage circuit is composed of a resistor and an energy storage device in parallel; the discharge circuit is connected in parallel to the charge and discharge circuit, and is composed of a unidirectional discharge device and a resistor connected in series. [0006] The positive voltage transient compensator and the negative voltage transient compensator of the present invention have another circuit configuration, and the number positive voltage transient compensator and the digital negative voltage transient compensator are respectively disposed in the power supply system. Each circuit, that is, each circuit of the power supply system is provided with a positive voltage transient compensator and a negative voltage transient compensator. The positive voltage transient compensator and the negative voltage transient compensator of the invention are arranged in the bus bar of the power supply system, and cooperate with the leakage current detector of each circuit to achieve the purpose of detecting leakage current. The invention improves the blind spot of the existing insulation degradation of the DC power supply system, and utilizes the resistance of the charge and discharge circuit of the positive voltage transient compensator to enable the energy storage circuit to charge and store electrical energy when the leakage current detector is in the form of 100117535 No. A0101 Page 4 / Total 16 pages 1002029461-0 [0008] 201248168 Ο [0009] [0010] [0012] When the output positive side of the power supply side is deteriorated to the ground insulation, . Grounding through the grounding grid and the accumulator, forming a path for leakage current recirculation, port /- JZ. -- /, energy storage through the discharge circuit of the one-way discharger into the power to make the Feng current detector sense positive through the positive The difference between the current value of the terminal and the negative terminal changes, and the ground alarm message is sent or the power-off element is controlled to cut off the power supply to the circuit, and the purpose of detecting the fault is detected, and the personnel are immediately informed that the abnormality of the ground insulation degradation has occurred in the circuit. It provides the function of performing on-line instantaneous leakage current alarm of each circuit during operation. If the output of the leakage current detector is degraded to the ground through the negative side of the power supply side, the leakage current is returned to the ground of the negative voltage transient compensator for the same detection purpose. In summary, a DC power supply insulation fault detection circuit has the following advantages: 1. The voltage transient detector can be used to achieve high sensitivity detection. 2. The leakage current detector of each circuit can automatically alarm the deterioration of the insulation of individual circuits to the ground. [Embodiment] Referring to Figures 2 and 3, the DC power supply insulation fault detecting circuit of the present invention includes: a plurality of power-off elements 2 are provided in the positive circuits of the respective circuits of the power supply system 1. The terminal and the negative terminal can be powered by the circuit 11 . The digital leakage current detector 3 is respectively disposed in the circuit 11 of the power supply system 1 for sensing the leakage current value of the circuit 11. When an abnormal leakage current is detected, an alarm message can be issued or the power-off element 2 can be controlled to be cut off. The circuit Π 100117535 Form No. 101 0101 Page 5 / Total 16 Page 1002029461-0 [0013] Power supply for 201248168. [0017] [0017] [0017] The number of positive voltage transient compensators 4 are respectively disposed in each circuit 11 of the power supply system 1, a charge and discharge circuit 41, a storage circuit 42 and a rose circuit 43 The charging/discharging circuit 41 is a resistor 411, and one end of the resistor d is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply system 1, and the other end is connected to the energy storage circuit 42. The other end of the energy storage circuit 42 is grounded, and the energy storage circuit 42 is provided. The resistor 421 and an accumulator 422 are formed in parallel; the discharge circuit 43 is connected in parallel to the charging and discharging circuit 41, and is composed of a unidirectional discharger 431 and a resistor 4 32 connected in series. The plurality of negative voltage transient compensators 5 are respectively disposed in each circuit 11 of the power supply system 1 and comprise a charge and discharge circuit 51, a storage circuit 52 and a discharge circuit 53. The charge and discharge circuit 51 is a resistor 511 and its resistance. One end of the 511 is connected to the negative end of the power supply system 1, and the other end is connected to the energy storage circuit 52. The other end of the energy storage circuit 52 is grounded. The energy storage circuit 52 is composed of a resistor 521 and an energy storage device 522 in parallel; the discharge circuit 53 Parallel to the charge and discharge circuit 51, which is composed of a unidirectional discharger 531 and a resistor 532 connected in series. The positive voltage transient compensator 4 and the charge and discharge circuits 41 and 51 of the negative voltage transient compensator 5 of the present invention can store the energy storage devices 422 and 522 through the resistors 421 and 521 to store electric energy; and the discharge circuits 43 and 53 The tank circuits 42 and 52 are then discharged via the one-way arresters 431, 531 when the line-to-ground insulation is degraded by 19. Please refer to Figure 3, if the circuit in operation 发生 If the output current of the leakage current detector 3 is negative on the positive or negative side of the 15th side, the leakage current can pass through the ground and the energy storage device. 422, 522 are grounded to form a path for leakage current reflow, and the accumulators 422, 522 are discharged through the unidirectional discharger 431, 100117535 Form No. A0101, page 6 / page 16 1002029461-0 201248168 531, so that the leakage current is detected. The device 3 senses a change in the current value difference between the positive terminal and the negative terminal to issue an alarm message or control the power-off element 2 to cut off the power supply to the circuit 11* to achieve the purpose of the south sensitivity detection and assist the personnel to immediately know the An abnormality in the ground insulation deterioration 19 has occurred in the circuit 11. [0020] [0020] [0024] [0024] Referring to FIG. 4, an embodiment of the present invention, in the bus 14 of the power supply system 1 (DC Bus) A positive voltage transient compensator 4 and a negative voltage transient compensator 5 are provided to provide a common path for leakage current recirculation of each circuit 11 so that the leakage current detector 3 can smoothly detect the leakage current. Referring to FIG. 5, in another embodiment of the present invention, a positive voltage transient compensator 4 and a negative voltage transient compensator 5 are disposed in the power source head 12 and the bus bar 14 of the power supply system 1 (DC). Bus) can also provide a path for leakage current reflow. Referring to FIG. 6, a positive voltage transient compensator 4 and a negative voltage transient compensator 5 are disposed in the circuit 11 of the unloaded current detector 3 to provide a path for leakage current recirculation. The leakage current detector 3 of the other circuit 11 still has the function of detecting leakage current. [Simple description of the diagram] Figure 1: The DC power supply system uses a positive-to-ground and negative-to-ground voltage to detect the ground fault circuit diagram. Figure 2: Circuit diagram of the DC power supply insulation fault detection circuit of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a flow chart showing the leakage current of each circuit provided in the present invention. Fig. 4 is a flow chart showing leakage currents provided in the bus bar of the present invention. 100117535 Form No. A0101 Page 7 of 16 1002029461-0 201248168 [0025] Figure 5: Flow current diagram of the present invention disposed between the power source head and the bus bar. Figure 6: Application diagram of a single loop setting of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] [0027] 1. Power supply system 11. Circuit [0028] 12. Power source head 14. Bus bar [0029] 15. Output power 19. Ground insulation degradation [0030] 2. Power-off component 3. Leakage current detector [0031] 4. Positive voltage transient compensator 41. Charge and discharge circuit [0032] 411. Resistor 42. Energy storage circuit [0033] 421. Resistor 422. Accumulator [0034] 43. Discharge circuit 431. One-way discharger [0035] 4 3 2. Resistance 5. Negative voltage transient compensator [0036] 51. Charge and discharge circuit 511. Resistance [0037] 52. Energy storage circuit 521. Resistance [0038] 522 Accumulator 53. Discharge circuit [0039] 531. Unidirectional discharger 5 3 2. Resistance [0040] 9. Power supply system 91. Power source [0041] 92. Ground alarm device 93. Branch [0042] 94. Ground Fault Form No. A0101 Page 8 of 16 Page 100117535 1002029461-0