[go: up one dir, main page]

TW201222098A - Surface light source and LCD - Google Patents

Surface light source and LCD Download PDF

Info

Publication number
TW201222098A
TW201222098A TW100127168A TW100127168A TW201222098A TW 201222098 A TW201222098 A TW 201222098A TW 100127168 A TW100127168 A TW 100127168A TW 100127168 A TW100127168 A TW 100127168A TW 201222098 A TW201222098 A TW 201222098A
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
light
guide plate
light source
light guide
illumination
Prior art date
Application number
TW100127168A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Rena Nishitani
Jun Someya
Eiji Niikura
Kuniko Kojima
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Publication of TW201222098A publication Critical patent/TW201222098A/en

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/0036—2-D arrangement of prisms, protrusions, indentations or roughened surfaces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0055—Reflecting element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0058—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide varying in density, size, shape or depth along the light guide
    • G02B6/0061—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide varying in density, size, shape or depth along the light guide to provide homogeneous light output intensity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0075—Arrangements of multiple light guides
    • G02B6/0076—Stacked arrangements of multiple light guides of the same or different cross-sectional area

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a surface light source (5A) which has a plurality of light source (20Ga, 20Gb) which emit first light (1La, 1Lb), a light guide plate having an incident end surface (21ea, 21eb) to which light is incident and a front surface on which a plurality of optical elements (21a,...21d) are formed, and a reflection member (26) arranged to face a back surface (21b) of the light guide plate (21). The optical elements (21a,...21d) internally reflects first light (1La, 1Lb) that is incident to the light incident end surface (21ea, 21fb) towards the reflection member (26) and produces planar-light(13La, 13Lb). The reflection member (26) reflects the light emitted from the back surface (21b) of the light guide plate (21) towards the light guide plate. The light guide plate (21) allows the planner light incident from the reflection member (26) to pass through the light guide plate (21) and emits the planner light as illumination light.

Description

201222098 • 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種將從複數個光源射出之複數條光 線轉=為面狀照明光之面光源裝置、及具有此面光源裝置 作為月光單元（backlight unit)之液晶顯示裝置者。 【先前技術】 液晶顯示裝置所具備之液晶顯示元件，由於本身並不 會發光，因此作為將液晶顯示装置照明的光源（面光源裝 置）’需在液晶顯示元件的背面具備有背光裝置。以背光裝 置之光源而言，以往係以在玻璃管内壁塗布螢光體以獲得 白色光的冷陰極螢光燈（以下稱CCFL ( c〇ld Cath〇de201222098 • VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a surface light source device that converts a plurality of light rays emitted from a plurality of light sources into planar illumination light, and a light source device having the surface light source device as a moonlight unit (LCD unit) of the backlight unit. [Prior Art] A liquid crystal display device provided in a liquid crystal display device does not emit light by itself. Therefore, a light source (surface light source device) for illuminating a liquid crystal display device is required to have a backlight device on the back surface of the liquid crystal display device. In the case of a light source of a backlight device, a cold cathode fluorescent lamp (hereinafter referred to as CCFL (C〇ld Cath〇de) which is coated with a phosphor on the inner wall of a glass tube to obtain white light is used.

Fluorescent))為主流，惟近年來隨著發光二極體（以下稱 LED (Light Emitting Diode))之性能飛躍性地提升，對於 以LED作為光源之背光裝置的需求亦愈增高。 在一般被稱為LED的元件中，有藉由lED之直接發 光來獲得紅色、綠色或藍色等單色光的單色LED、及以藉 由LED之直接發光產生之單色藍色光來激勵在該封 裝内所具備之黃色螢光體來獲得白色光的白色LED等。由 於從直接發光之LED射出的光具有優異單色性，因此顏色 純度高，藉由將此LED用於背光裝置之光源，可擴大顏色 再現區域，且可提供一種提供鮮明圖像的液晶顯示裝置。 白色LED的發光效率高，藉由將此LED用於背光裝置的 光源，可期待低消耗電力化。此外，由於LED可藉由電漭 控制而將LED的亮度在〇%至1〇〇%的範圍下控制，因此可 323362 4 201222098 配合圖像的亮度來使led的光量變化，藉此可大幅減低消 耗電力’而且提升動態性圖像的對比 (contrast) ° 此外’近年來在電視或監視器（monitor )等之液晶顯 示裝置中期待要薄型化，於背光裝置中，乃廣泛使用相對 於將習知之光源排列於液晶顯示元件背面來產生面狀光源 之所謂的直下方式’而將複數個光源配置於導光板之端部 附近，且利用該導光板，將從複數個光源發出之線狀光轉 換為面狀光之所謂的側光（side light)方式或邊光（edge light)方式。 尤其’將側光方式或邊光方式應用於大型液晶顯示裝 置之背光裝置時，係以採用每單位發光面積的發光輸出 大，且可減少相對於必要亮度之光源數的LED為有效。 然而，另一方面，在採用發出如led之具有指向性之 光的點光源來作為組入於侧光方式或邊光方式之背光裝置 的光源時’會有該光源附近之亮度顯著變高，結果，在導 光板之光入射端附近產生亮度分布不均的問題。 此種問題雖可藉由例如採用將多數個點光源以狹窄 間隔配置成一列來接近線狀光源之類的構成來予以改善， 惟由於在要求均勻性高的面内亮度分布之液晶顯示裝置之 ί光裝置中需有非常多個點光源，因此在消耗電力、組裝 性及成本面上有其問題。 因此，以往已有報告一種為了以儘可能少的光源數來 獲得面内亮度分布之均勻之面光源的技術。例如，在曰本 特開2007-220447號公報（專利文獻1)所揭示之侧光型 323362 5 201222098 背光裝置中’係於導光板形成有與導光板之光入射面平行 的貫通孔。藉由此貫通孔而實現了使入射光有效擴散之光 擴散構造。此光擴散構造係使從點光源的各者射出之光朝 點光源之排列方向擴散。從點光源射出的光，係從導光板 之側面射入導光板内部而折射並被導光至導光板的表面。 藉此，在點光源附近於該點光源之排列方向不均勻的光， 即在光擴散構造被轉換為朝點光源之排列方向均勻的光， 之後，則射入導光板導光板之光折射構造，因此從導光板 表面射出的光，成為亮度不均被抑制之面内亮度分布均勻 的面狀光。 [先前技術文獻] [專利文獻] [專利文獻1]日本特開2007-220447號公報 【發明内容】 [發明所欲解決之課題] 然而，在上述專利文獻丨的技術中，光擴散構造係設 於與導光板相同平面，當設置為使光充分均勻化所需的光 學距離時，導光板之周邊部的尺寸即會變大。因此，會有 包圍圖像顯示部分之屬於框體（cabinet )部分之邊框 (bezel)的寬度變大，而使液晶顯示裝置大型化的問題。 本發明係有鑑於上述問題而研創者，其目的在提供一 種藉由簡易且小型的構成來抑制面内亮度分布不均之面光 源裝置及液晶顯示装置。 [解決課題之手段] 6 323362 201222098 本發明之第1態樣之面光源裝置係具備：複數個第1 光源，分別射出複數條第1光線；第1導光板，具有供前 述複數條第1光線射入之光入射端面，並且具有形成有複 數個第1光學元件之前面；及反射構件，配置成與前述第 1導光板之背面相對向；前述複數個第1光學元件係使射 入於前述光入射端面之該複數條第1光線朝前述反射構件 之方向内面反射而產生面狀光；前述反射構件係使從前述 第1導光板之前述背面放射之該面狀光朝前述第1導光板 之方向反射；前述第1導光板係使從前述反射構件射入之 該面狀光穿透而從前述前面放射作為第1照明光。 本發明之第2態樣之液晶顯示裝置係具備：前述第1 態樣之面光源裝置；及液晶顯示元件，將從前述面光源裝 置放射之面狀光之強度在空間上調變而產生圖像光。 [發明之功效] 依據本發明，可提供以小型構成來抑制因為從第1光 源發出之光之指向性所引起之亮度分布不均之面光源裝置 及液晶顯示裝置。 【實施方式】 以下根據圖式詳細說明本發明之各種實施形態。另 外，本發明並不限定於以下的實施形態。 (實施形態1) 第1圖係為顯示本發明之實施形態1之屬於穿透型顯 示裝置之液晶顯示裝置101之構成之示意構成圖。此外， 第2圖係為顯示構成液晶顯示裝置101之背光單元5A之 7 323362 201222098 面狀光源200之概略圖。為易於說明圖式，將液晶顯示元 件10之短邊方向設為γ軸方向、液晶顯示元件1〇之長邊 方向設為X軸方向、#χ·γ+面（顯示面）垂直的方向設 為Ζ軸方向、液晶顯示元件1〇之顯示面1〇f侧之方向設為 +Z軸方向、顯示面侧之相反側之方向設為_z軸方向。此 外，將液晶顯示裝置1〇1之上方向設為+γ軸方向、液晶 顯示裝置101的上方向之相反側的方向設為_γ軸方向。面 向液晶顯示裝置1〇1之顯示面1〇f將右方向設為+χ軸方 向、且將顯示面的左方向設為_χ軸方向。 如第1圖所示，液晶顯示裝置101係具備穿透型液曰 顯示元件10、屬於第1光學片（Sheet)之光學片 於第2光學片之光學片12、屬於面光源裝置之背光單元 5八，而此等構成要素1〇、11、12、从，係疊層排列於2 軸方向。液晶顯示元件1〇係具有與χ·γ平面平行的顯示 面l〇f，該Χ-Υ平面係包含與ζ軸正交的χ軸及丫軸。另 外’ X軸及Υ軸係彼此正交。 液晶顯示褒置101復具有用以驅動液晶顯示元件10 之未圖示之液晶顯示元件驅動部、及用以驅動背光單元5Α 中所含之光源群20Ga、2GGb之未圖示之光源驅動部。液 晶顯示元件_部與光源_狀動作，係料未圖示之 控制部來控制。控制部係對於從未圖示之信號源供給之影 像信號施關像處理來產生控制信號，且將此等控制信= 供給至液晶顯示元件_部及光源驅動部。光源驅動苦;係 依據來自控制部的控制信號來驅動光源群20Ga、20Gb而 8 323362 201222098 從光源群20Ga、20Gb射出光。如第2圖所示’光源群20Ga 係由沿著Y軸方向而排列成一列之複數個光源20、· · •、20所構成，而光源群20Gb亦為由沿著Y軸方向而排 列成一列之複數個光源20、···、20所構成。 背光單元5A係由光源群20Ga、20Gb、導光板21、 及光擴散反射片26所構成。光源群20Ga、20Gb係分別與 設於導光板21之X軸方向之兩端面之光入射端面21ea、 21eb相對向配置。從光源群20Ga、20Gb射出之光線ILa、 ILb，係從導光板21之兩端面之光入射端面21ea、21eb朝 向中心方向射入。光擴散反射片26係以與導光板21之位 於液晶顯示元件10的相反侧之面21b (-Z軸方向侧的面） 相對向，且與導光板21平行之方式配置。光源群20Ga、 20Gb係具有用以射出白色光之複數個LED等光源20、· • ·、20以一定間隔排列於Y軸方向的構成。導光板21 係平行配置於液晶顯示元件10之顯示面且在導光板 21之屬於液晶顯示元件1〇侧之面的表面具有微細光學元 件 21d.....21d。 另外，所謂光的擴散係指射入於介質的光由於撞上介 質中的分子而在其行進方向產生偏移，而朝較原本的行進 方向或正反射之方向更朝廣範圍的方向行進的現象。此 外，因為自有的發散角而擴展的現象亦稱為光的擴散。 導光板21係藉由形成於導光板21之+Z軸方向之面的 微細光學元件........21d的折射作用，將從光源群 20Ga、20Gb射出之白色光線1La、ILb轉換為朝向·z軸方 323362 9 201222098 向之面狀照明光BLa、BLb。照明光BLa、BLb係朝向配 置於導光板21之-Z軸方向侧之光擴散反射片26而作為第 1面狀光從導光板21射出。微細光學元件21d、· · ·、 21d係為藉由折射光線ILa、ILb之行進方向轉換為-Z轴方 向而產生照明光BLa、BLb的光學元件。 朝向光擴散反射片26而射出之照明光BLa、BLb，係 在光擴散反射片26擴散，且朝向+Z軸方向而反射。以光 擴散反射片26而言，係可使用例如以聚對苯二曱酸乙二酯 (polyethylene terephthalate)等樹脂為基材之光擴散反射 片、或使金屬蒸鍍於具有微細凹凸形狀之基板表面的光擴 散反射片。 白色照明光係穿透導光板21、光學片12及光學片u 而從背光單元5A朝向液晶顯示元件1 〇的背面1 射出。 在此，光學片11係具有使從背光單元5A射出之照明光 BLa、BLb之行進方向，朝向相對於液晶顯示裝置1〇1之 晝面之法線方向之作用者。此外，光學片12係用以抑制微 細之照明不均等之光學性影響。 ' 液晶顯示元件10係具有與χ_γ平面平行之液曰層（ 圖示）’該X-Y平面係與Z軸方向正交。液晶顯示元件^ 之顯示面10f係為矩形’而第1圖所示之\輛方向及Y 方向係分別為沿著該顯示面10f之彼此正交之2邊軸 向。液晶顯示元件驅動部係可依據從控制部供給之的方 號來使液晶層之光穿透率以像素單位或副像素單位=制传 各像素又由3個或4個副像素所構成，且副像素的 323362 201222098 ‘可具備僅使紅色、綠色或藍色光線，或者僅使在此等顏色 例如加上黃色之4色中任-種顏色光線穿透之彩色滤光片 (color filter)。藉由控制各副像素的穿透率，可產生彩色 圖像。藉此，液晶顯示元件10即可將從背光單元5A射入 之照明光BLa、BLb的強度在空間上調變而產生圖像光， 且將此圖像光從顯示面l〇f射出。 導光板21係為由透明構件所形成之例如厚度為4軸 的板狀構件。如帛1圖所示，在導光板21之成為液晶顯示 元件10侧之面的表面（前面），形成有半球狀凸形（以下 稱凸透鏡（lens)形狀）的微細光學元件21d.....2ld〇 此微細光學元件21d.....2ld係將傳遞於導光板21 内之光線ILa、ILb，轉換為從位於液晶顯示元件1〇的相 反侧之面的背面21b朝向-Z軸方向射出的照明光BLa、 BLb。 從導光板21之光入射端面21ea、21eb射入之光線 ILa、ILb，係藉由導光板21與空氣層之界面的全反射，一 面重複反射一面朝X軸方向行進於導光板21内。光線 ILa、ILb中’存在有未能滿足導光板21之背面21b與空 氣層之界面中之全反射條件的光線。該光線係從導光板21 的背面21b朝向光擴散反射片26射出。 設於導光板21之表面的微細光學元件........ 21d，係形成於X-Y平面内，且微細光學元件21d、· · ·、 21d的配置密度（亦即每單位面積的數量或其大小等）係 作空間性變化。藉此，可控制從導光板21射出之照明光 323362 201222098 BLa、BLb之面内亮度分布。在本實施形態中，如第2圖 所示’係採用微細光學元件21 d、···、21 d之配置密度 在光線ILa、ILb之行進方向（第2圖中X軸方向）中隨 著從導光板21之光入射端面21 ea、21 eb朝向導光板21之 中央部而變化的構造。 另外，所謂面内亮度分布，係顯示在任意平面中，亮 度相對於以2維表示之位置之高低的分布。因此，所謂背 光單元5A的面内亮度分布，係為顯示以2維（X-Y平面） 表示之導光板21之表面（與液晶顯示元件1 〇相對向之側 的面）上之位置相關之照明光BLa、BLb之亮度之高低的 分布。另外，照明光BLa、BLb係從導光板21之表面射出 來照明液晶顯示元件10的背面l〇b。 更詳而言之，微細光學元件21d.....21d的配 置密度’係採取從導光板21中之光入射端面21ea、21eb 附近朝向X軸方向之中心位置附近連續性地由疏變密的構 成。 如第3圖所示，以微細光學元件21d的形狀而言，例 如其表面形狀可採用曲率為約〇.l5mm、最大高度Hmax 為约0.005mm的凸透鏡形狀。微細光學元件21d之折射率 可設為1.49。另外，導光板21或微細光學元件2ld的材 質雖可設為丙婦酸樹脂（acrylic resin )，惟不限定於此材 質。只要是光穿透率良好，且具有優異成形加工性的材質， 亦可使用聚碳酸醋（polycarbonate )樹脂等其他樹脂材料、 或是坡璃材料來取代丙烯酸樹脂。 323362 12 201222098 此外，在本實施形態中，雖將微細光學70件21(1設為 凸透鏡形狀，惟本發明不限定於此。只要具有使朝x轴方 向行進於導光板21内之LED的光，朝Z抽方向折射而朝. 向光擴散反射片26射出的構造，亦玎捧用其他形狀’例如 可採用稜鏡（prism)形狀、或由藉由噴砂（SandblaSt)等 所形成之任意凹凸圖案所構成的微細光f70# ° 然而，凸透鏡形狀係能以透明的構造使光折射’相較 於稜鏡等的構造，形狀較為簡單，因此具有容易製作的優 點。此外，即使導光板21大型化時，由於可藉由印刷來製 作，因此可易於對應導光板21的大型化。此外，藉由喷砂 等所形成之任意凹凸形狀雖亦可使雷射光朝Z轴方向折 射，惟以凸透鏡形狀之情形而言，由於可容易進行凸形狀 的設計，因此具有易於設計實現均勻亮度分布的面狀光源 200的優點。 光源群20Ga、20Gb係由用以射出具有從420nm至 700nm之極廣泛之波長帶域之白色光之LED等的光源 20 ..... 20所構成。從此等光源群20Ga、20Gb射出 的白色光，藉由液晶顯示元件10所具備的彩色濾光片來切 出紅色、綠色及藍色之3個顏色的光，且藉由調整該等3 個顏色之光的混色比可進行顏色顯示。另外，例如採用紅 色、綠色及藍色再加上黃色之4色的彩色濾光片時，可切 出4個顏色的光，且藉由調整該等4個顏色之光的混色比 來進行顏色顯示。 此外，從光源群20Ga、20Gb射出的光，係具有指向 13 323362 201222098 性’以光源群20Ga、20Gb之發光面之法線方向為中心， 其半值全角具有120度之大致藍伯特（Lambert)分布的角 度強度分布。所謂藍伯特分布係指以角度中心之強度為最 大，且在餘弦函數為強度隨著角度變大而減少的分布。在 採用習知之CCFL光源之侧光方式或邊光方式的背光單元 中，由於CCFL為線狀光源*因此在導光板之光源配置方 向尤其不會產生亮度不均。然而，在採用將發出具有指向 性之光之複數個點光源配置於1列之光源群時，則會在導 光板之光入射端面附近產生因為點光源之出射光之光量差 所引起的亮度分布不均。 依據本實施形態，從光源群20Ga、20Gb分別射出之 光線ILa、ILb係一面在導光板21的内面進行全反射一面 朝X軸方向行進。該等光線ILa、ILb中在設於導光板21 之表面之微細光學元件21d進行内面全反射的光即成為照 明光BLa、BLb。照明光BLa、BLb係從導光板21之背面 21b朝向光擴散反射片26射出向-Z軸方向方向。之後’照 明光BLa、BLb即在光擴散反射片26擴散並反射’而成為 朝向+Z轴方向的照明光BLa、BLb，且穿透導光板21而 從導光板21射出。朝+Z軸方向行進的照明光BLa、BLb， 於從導光板21之表面射出時，係藉由微細光學元件21d 的折射作用而進一步擴散。 因此，從光源群20Ga、20Gb射出的光線ILa、ILb ’ 直到從導光板21之表面射出為止，會傳遞相當於至少導光 板21之厚度之2倍的光學距離。因此，直到光線ILa、ILb 14 323362 201222098 ‘ 從導光板21之表面射出為止，可一面抑制背光單元5A的 大小一面確保為了藉由自有的發散角而擴散的光學距離。 此外，光線ILa、ILb係藉由微細光學元件21d的光學 作用而轉換為屬於面狀光的照明光BLa、BLb。照明光 BLa、BLb係在直到從導光板21之表面射出的光程中藉由 光擴散反射片26而擴散並反射。藉由此光擴散作用，照明 光BLa、BLb即在X-Y平面中擴散，且在光源2〇、· · ·、 20之排列方向（Y軸方向）中經空間上重疊之後從導光板 21的表面射出。此外，如上所述於照明光BLa、BLb從導 光板21之表面射出時，會藉由微細光學元件2id..... 21d的折射作用而進一步擴散。藉由此等光擴散作用，從 背光單元5A射出之照明光BLa ' BLb之面内亮度分布， 即在構成光源群20Ga、20Gb之光源20 ..... 20的排 列方向（Y軸方向）成為均勻。此外，依相同的理由，在 導光板21之光入射端附近以外的位置，亦可獲得亮度分布 優異的均勻性。 在本實施形態中，為了獲得上述光擴散作用的構造， 係沿著圖像之顯示面l〇f的法線方向，亦即沿著與顯示面 iOf之面垂直的方向設置。此外，利用導光板21之厚度與 光的反射光程，以良好效率設有用以使光朝背光單元5A 之厚度方向擴散的光程。因此，背光單元5A不會在液晶 顯示元件10之顯示面l〇f之面内方向（X-Y面的面内方向） 大型化，可進行使包圍圖像顯示部分之框體部分之邊框的 寬度較窄的設計，此外，可抑制從背光早元5A射出之照 323362 15 201222098 明光BLa、BLb之亮度分布不均。 此外，背光單元5A係藉由微細光學元件21d、· · •、21d的光學作用於X軸方向產生均勻之亮度分布的照 明光BLa、BLb。因此，背光單元5A係可抑制為光源20、 • · ·、20之排列方向之Y軸方向及與Y軸方向正交之X 軸方向之兩方的亮度分布不均。換言之，不需要設置2種 光學元件，而可將光學元件間之光結合部分的數量減少。 藉此，可獲得抑制光學元件間之結合部中之光的損失，而 提升光利用效率，並且削減零件數量而提升組裝性的效 果。在本實施形態中，係藉由1個背光單元5Α來構成面 光源裝置。 如上所述，在與光源20、···、20之排列方向正 交之方向（X軸方向）中，係使傳遞於導光板21内之光線 ILa、ILb之光的強度，亦即使設於導光板21之表面之微 細光學元件21d.....21d之配置密度相對於光的功率 密度變化，來實現亮度分布的均勻性。 ’ 更詳而言之，在光之功率密度較高之光入射端面 21ea、21eb附近，係以使微細光學元件21d.....21d 之配置密度較疏，而在光之功率密度變小之X軸方向之中 心位置附近，則係以使微細光學元件21d.....21d 之配置密度較密之方式，使微細光學元件21 d、···、 21d之配置密度沿著X軸方向從疏連續地變化為密。藉 此，從導光板21之背面21b射出之照明光BLa、BLb在X 軸方向的亮度分布即成為均勻。 16 323362 201222098 此種照明光BLa、BLb藉由光擴散反射片26擴散並反 射而朝向液晶顯示元件1〇行進。因此，在光擴散反射片 26被反射之後’穿透導光板21而從背光單元5A朝向液晶 顯示元件10射出的照明光BLa、BLb，在X軸方向亦具有 均勻的亮度分布。 如上所述’本實施形態之背光單元5A，可獲得面内亮 度分布之均勻性優異的照明光。該照明光係透過光學片 11、12來照明液晶顯示元件10,藉此可提供顯示經抑制亮 度分布不均之高畫質之影像的液晶顯示裝置101。另外， 第4圖係為概略顯示光學片11之光學構造之一例的斜視 圖。如第4圖所示，光學片u之表面，係具有複數個凸狀 部lip、· · ·、lip沿著與顯示面l〇f平行的面朝X軸方 向規則性排列的構造。各凸狀部lip之剖面呈三角稜形， 而凸狀部1 lp之頂角部係突出於液晶顯示元件10側，而構 成該頂角部的稜線，係朝γ軸方向延伸。相鄰接之凸狀部 lip、lip的間隔係為固定。 如以上所說明，本實施形態之液晶顯示裝置101係可 藉由較少零件數量且簡易的光擴散構造，將從直線上配置 有複數個點光源20 ..... 20之光源群20Ga、20Gb射 出之光線ILa、iLb，予以轉換為均勻的照明光BLa、BLb。 此外’由於該光擴散構造係沿著液晶顯示裝置101之 圖像顯示平面（χ_γ平面）之法線方向（Z軸方向）而設 置’因此相對於導光板21可以不必以鄰接於X軸方向或 Υ軸方向之方式配置光擴散構造。藉此，可減小背光單元 17 323362 201222098 5A之面積相對於該圖像顯示平面之 可實現既可提供㈣晝㈣圖像，^率。換言之， :之框體部分之邊框寬度縮小的液晶顯二圖：示:: Li於:;導光板21的厚度 液日日顯不裝置1〇1薄型化。 J仗 依__態’即使_光_且指向性高的光 二二：乍為側光方式或邊光方式的光源時，亦 像的= 抑制亮度分布―圖 此外，相較於習知技術可減少光源數量並抑制亮度分 布不均，亦可獲得減少光源數量所產生之低消耗電力的效 果。 另外，在本實施形態中，雖係採用在背光單元5八之 光源一維排列有射出具有從420nm至700nm之極廣波長帶 域之白色光之複數個LED等之光源.......20的光 源群20Ga、20Gb，惟本發明不限定於此。例如，亦可採 用將用以分別射出紅色、綠色及藍色之單色光之3種乙£1) 光源，以同色LED光源間之距離為一定之方式朝丨維方向 週期性配置之光源群。此外，在採用4色LED光源時，亦 可採用在上述3種LED光源，例如加上黃色LED光源之 4色LED光源朝1維方向週期性配置的光源群。 一般而言’隔開間隔配置不同發光色的光源時，在導 光板之光入射端面附近，會產生因各色亮度分布不岣所引 起的顏色不均。相對於此，依據本實施形態之液晶顯示裝 323362 18 201222098 :置1—01之背光單元5A，由於可以良好效率使隔開間隔配置 之複數個光源20、···、2〇的光均句化，因此可抑制亮 度分布不均及顏色不均。 夜曰θ ”員示4置1 〇 1之液晶顯示元件1 〇係在其内部具 備有彩色據光片，而從背光單元5八射出之白色光之中， 藉由形色據光片僅使—部分波長的光穿透，藉此例如以3 色來顯示時，係以抽出紅色、綠色、藍色顯示色之方式可 進行顏色呈現。 從白色光之連續光Ί普（spectrum )之光源之光，僅切 出一部分波長帶域的光而獲得顯示色時，若欲為了增大顏 色再現範圍而提高顯示色的顏色純度，需將液晶顯示元件 所具備之彩色濾光片之穿透波長帶域設定為較狹窄。因 此’在習知技術中，若欲提高顯示色的顏色純度，則會有 穿透彩色據光片之光的穿透光量減少而使亮度降低的問題 產生。 如上所述’若可採用純色性高的單色led光源作為光 源’則即使採用縮小波長帶域寬度而使顏色再現範圍擴大 的彩色遽光片’亦可將從LED光源射出之光之中，穿透彩 色渡光片時所失去之光的光量減少。此外，亦可藉由改變 LED光源之發光層之材料或組成來控制發光波長，來提升 波長帶域與彩色濾光片的配合性。藉此，本實施形態之液 晶顯示裝置1〇1，可同時實現高度的光利用效率與廣泛的 顏色再現範圍。 此外’雖均採用LED作為上述背光單元5A之光源群 19 323362 201222098 ‘ 20Ga、20Gb的光源，惟本發明不限定於此。亦可將隔開 間隔配置有如LED發光面積較小且發㈣指向性之光的 複數個光源之光源單元，應用於側光方式的光源來獲得較 高的效果。例如’針對將複數個雷射光源予以一維陣列排 列而成的光源群’亦可藉由將雷射光源之出射光之發散角 或雷射光源之配置間隔、以及導光板21之厚度予以最佳化 來獲得亮度分布之均勻化的效果。Fluorescent) is the mainstream, but in recent years, as the performance of LEDs (hereinafter referred to as LEDs) has dramatically increased, the demand for backlights using LEDs as light sources has increased. Among the components generally referred to as LEDs, there are monochromatic LEDs that obtain monochromatic light such as red, green, or blue by direct illumination of lED, and are excited by monochromatic blue light generated by direct illumination of LEDs. A white phosphor or the like which is provided with a yellow phosphor provided in the package to obtain white light. Since the light emitted from the directly-illuminated LED has excellent monochromaticity, the color purity is high, and by using the LED for the light source of the backlight device, the color reproduction region can be enlarged, and a liquid crystal display device providing a vivid image can be provided. . The white LED has high luminous efficiency, and by using this LED as a light source of a backlight device, it is expected to reduce power consumption. In addition, since the LED can be controlled by the electric cymbal to control the brightness of the LED in the range of 〇% to 1〇〇%, the 323362 4 201222098 can be used to change the light amount of the LED in accordance with the brightness of the image, thereby greatly reducing the amount of LED light. Contrast of power consumption and the contrast of dynamic images. In addition, in recent years, liquid crystal display devices such as televisions and monitors have been expected to be thinner, and in backlight devices, they are widely used. A light source is arranged on the back surface of the liquid crystal display element to generate a so-called direct light mode of the planar light source, and a plurality of light sources are disposed near the end of the light guide plate, and the linear light emitted from the plurality of light sources is converted by the light guide plate. It is a so-called side light method or an edge light method for planar light. In particular, when the side light mode or the edge light method is applied to a backlight device of a large liquid crystal display device, it is effective to use an LED having a large light-emitting output per unit light-emitting area and reducing the number of light sources with respect to the required brightness. However, on the other hand, when a point light source that emits light having directivity such as led is used as a light source incorporated in a side light mode or a side light mode backlight device, the brightness near the light source is significantly higher. As a result, a problem of uneven brightness distribution occurs near the light incident end of the light guide plate. Such a problem can be improved by, for example, adopting a configuration in which a plurality of point light sources are arranged in a line at a narrow interval to approximate a linear light source, but a liquid crystal display device which requires in-plane luminance distribution with high uniformity is required. There are a lot of point light sources in the light device, so there are problems in power consumption, assembly and cost. Therefore, a technique for obtaining a uniform surface light source having an in-plane luminance distribution with as few light sources as possible has been reported in the past. For example, in the sidelight type 323362 5 201222098 backlight device disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2007-220447 (Patent Document 1), a light-transmitting plate is formed with a through hole parallel to the light incident surface of the light guide plate. A light diffusion structure for efficiently diffusing incident light is realized by the through holes. This light diffusing structure spreads light emitted from each of the point light sources toward the arrangement direction of the point light sources. The light emitted from the point light source is incident from the side of the light guide plate into the inside of the light guide plate to be refracted and guided to the surface of the light guide plate. Thereby, the light that is uneven in the arrangement direction of the point light source in the vicinity of the point light source, that is, the light diffusion structure is converted into light that is uniform toward the arrangement direction of the point light source, and then the light refraction structure that enters the light guide plate of the light guide plate Therefore, the light emitted from the surface of the light guide plate becomes planar light having a uniform in-plane luminance distribution in which unevenness in luminance is suppressed. [Prior Art] [Patent Document 1] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2007-220447 [Draft of the Invention] [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the technique of the above-mentioned Patent Document, the light diffusion structure is provided In the same plane as the light guide plate, when the optical distance required for sufficiently uniformizing the light is set, the size of the peripheral portion of the light guide plate becomes large. Therefore, there is a problem that the width of the bezel belonging to the cabinet portion surrounding the image display portion is increased, and the liquid crystal display device is increased in size. The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a surface light source device and a liquid crystal display device which suppress uneven distribution of in-plane luminance by a simple and compact configuration. [Means for Solving the Problems] 6 323362 201222098 A surface light source device according to a first aspect of the present invention includes: a plurality of first light sources each emitting a plurality of first light rays; and a first light guide plate having the plurality of first light rays The incident light incident end surface has a front surface on which the plurality of first optical elements are formed, and the reflection member is disposed to face the back surface of the first light guide plate; the plurality of first optical elements are incident on the front surface The plurality of first rays of the light incident end surface are reflected toward the inner surface of the reflecting member to generate planar light, and the reflecting member radiates the planar light from the back surface of the first light guiding plate toward the first light guiding plate The first light guide plate penetrates the planar light incident from the reflection member and radiates the first illumination light from the front surface. A liquid crystal display device according to a second aspect of the present invention includes: the surface light source device according to the first aspect; and a liquid crystal display element that spatially modulates the intensity of the planar light radiated from the surface light source device to generate an image. Light. [Effect of the Invention] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a surface light source device and a liquid crystal display device which are capable of suppressing unevenness in luminance distribution due to directivity of light emitted from a first light source with a small configuration. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings. Further, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. (Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a configuration of a liquid crystal display device 101 belonging to a transmissive display device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Further, Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a 7 323362 201222098 planar light source 200 constituting the backlight unit 5A of the liquid crystal display device 101. In order to facilitate the explanation of the drawing, the short-side direction of the liquid crystal display element 10 is set to the γ-axis direction, the long-side direction of the liquid crystal display element 1 is set to the X-axis direction, and the direction of the #χ·γ+ surface (display surface) is vertical. The direction of the x-axis direction, the direction on the display surface 1 〇f side of the liquid crystal display element 1 设为 is set to the +Z-axis direction, and the direction opposite to the display surface side is set to the _z-axis direction. Further, the direction above the liquid crystal display device 1A1 is set to the +γ-axis direction, and the direction opposite to the upper side of the liquid crystal display device 101 is the _γ-axis direction. The display surface 1〇f of the liquid crystal display device 1〇1 sets the right direction to the +χ axis direction and the left direction of the display surface to the _χ axis direction. As shown in Fig. 1, the liquid crystal display device 101 includes a transmissive liquid helium display element 10, an optical sheet belonging to the first optical sheet (Sheet), an optical sheet 12 of the second optical sheet, and a backlight unit belonging to the surface light source device. 5, and these constituent elements 1〇, 11, 12, and 12 are stacked in the 2 axis direction. The liquid crystal display element 1 has a display surface 10f parallel to the χ·γ plane, and the Χ-Υ plane includes a χ axis and a 丫 axis orthogonal to the ζ axis. The other 'X-axis and Υ-axis are orthogonal to each other. The liquid crystal display panel 101 further includes a liquid crystal display element driving unit (not shown) for driving the liquid crystal display element 10, and a light source driving unit (not shown) for driving the light source groups 20Ga and 2GGb included in the backlight unit 5A. The liquid crystal display element _ portion and the light source _ operate, and are controlled by a control unit not shown. The control unit generates a control signal by applying image processing to the image signal supplied from a signal source (not shown), and supplies the control signal to the liquid crystal display element portion and the light source driving portion. The light source drives the light source; the light source groups 20Ga and 20Gb are driven according to a control signal from the control unit, and 8 323362 201222098 emits light from the light source groups 20Ga and 20Gb. As shown in Fig. 2, the "light source group 20Ga" is composed of a plurality of light sources 20, ..., 20 arranged in a line along the Y-axis direction, and the light source group 20Gb is also arranged in the Y-axis direction. A plurality of light sources 20, ..., 20 are arranged in a row. The backlight unit 5A is composed of the light source groups 20Ga and 20Gb, the light guide plate 21, and the light diffusion reflection sheet 26. The light source groups 20Ga and 20Gb are disposed to face the light incident end faces 21ea and 21eb provided on both end faces of the light guide plate 21 in the X-axis direction. The light beams ILa and ILb emitted from the light source groups 20Ga and 20Gb are incident on the light incident end faces 21ea and 21eb on both end faces of the light guide plate 21 toward the center direction. The light-diffusing reflection sheet 26 is disposed to face the surface 21b (the surface on the -Z-axis direction side) of the light guide plate 21 on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display element 10, and is disposed in parallel with the light guide plate 21. The light source groups 20Ga and 20Gb have a configuration in which the light sources 20 such as a plurality of LEDs for emitting white light are arranged in the Y-axis direction at regular intervals. The light guide plate 21 is disposed in parallel on the display surface of the liquid crystal display element 10 and has fine optical elements 21d.....21d on the surface of the light guide plate 21 on the side of the liquid crystal display element 1 side. In addition, the term "light diffusion" means that light incident on the medium is displaced in the direction of travel due to collision with molecules in the medium, and travels in a wider range toward the direction of travel or the direction of regular reflection. phenomenon. In addition, the phenomenon of spreading due to its own divergence angle is also called diffusion of light. The light guide plate 21 converts the white light rays 1La and ILb emitted from the light source groups 20Ga and 20Gb by the refraction of the fine optical elements 21d formed on the surface of the light guide plate 21 in the +Z-axis direction. The light BLa and BLb are illuminated in a planar direction toward the z-axis 323362 9 201222098. The illumination light BLa and BLb are directed toward the light-diffusing reflection sheet 26 disposed on the -Z-axis direction side of the light guide plate 21, and are emitted as the first planar light from the light guide plate 21. The fine optical elements 21d, 21, and 21d are optical elements that generate illumination light BLa and BLb by converting the traveling directions of the refracting rays ILa and ILb into the -Z-axis direction. The illumination lights BLa and BLb emitted toward the light-diffusing reflection sheet 26 are diffused by the light-diffusing reflection sheet 26 and reflected toward the +Z-axis direction. In the light-diffusing reflection sheet 26, for example, a light-diffusing reflection sheet based on a resin such as polyethylene terephthalate or a substrate on which a metal has a fine uneven shape can be used. The surface of the light diffuses the reflection sheet. The white illumination light passes through the light guide plate 21, the optical sheets 12, and the optical sheets u, and is emitted from the backlight unit 5A toward the back surface 1 of the liquid crystal display element 1A. Here, the optical sheet 11 has a direction in which the traveling directions of the illumination lights BLa and BLb emitted from the backlight unit 5A are directed in the normal direction with respect to the plane of the liquid crystal display device 1A. Further, the optical sheet 12 is for suppressing the optical influence of fine illumination unevenness. The liquid crystal display element 10 has a liquid helium layer (illustrated) parallel to the χ γ plane, and the X-Y plane is orthogonal to the Z-axis direction. The display surface 10f of the liquid crystal display element ^ is rectangular", and the \ direction and the Y direction shown in Fig. 1 are respectively axially orthogonal to each other along the display surface 10f. The liquid crystal display element driving unit can make the light transmittance of the liquid crystal layer in pixel units or sub-pixel units = each pixel and three or four sub-pixels, depending on the square number supplied from the control unit, and The sub-pixel 323362 201222098 ' can be provided with a color filter that only makes red, green, or blue light, or only light of any of the four colors of the color, such as yellow. A color image can be produced by controlling the transmittance of each sub-pixel. Thereby, the liquid crystal display element 10 can spatially modulate the intensity of the illumination lights BLa and BLb incident from the backlight unit 5A to generate image light, and emit the image light from the display surface 10f. The light guide plate 21 is a plate-like member formed of a transparent member, for example, having a thickness of 4 axes. As shown in FIG. 1, on the surface (front surface) of the surface of the light guide plate 21 on the side of the liquid crystal display element 10, a fine optical element 21d having a hemispherical convex shape (hereinafter referred to as a convex lens shape) is formed. The thin optical elements 21d....2ld convert the light rays ILa, ILb transmitted in the light guide plate 21 into the back surface 21b from the opposite side of the liquid crystal display element 1A toward the -Z axis direction. Illuminated light BLa, BLb. The light rays ILa and ILb incident from the light incident end faces 21ea and 21eb of the light guide plate 21 are reflected by the total reflection at the interface between the light guide plate 21 and the air layer, and are repeatedly reflected in the X-axis direction in the light guide plate 21. In the light rays ILa, ILb, there is a light that fails to satisfy the total reflection condition in the interface between the back surface 21b of the light guide plate 21 and the air layer. This light is emitted from the back surface 21b of the light guide plate 21 toward the light diffusion reflection sheet 26. The fine optical element (.. 21d) provided on the surface of the light guide plate 21 is formed in the XY plane, and the arrangement density of the fine optical elements 21d, ..., 21d (that is, the number per unit area) Or its size, etc.) is a spatial change. Thereby, the in-plane luminance distribution of the illumination light 323362 201222098 BLa, BLb emitted from the light guide plate 21 can be controlled. In the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, the arrangement density of the fine optical elements 21 d, ..., 21 d is in the traveling direction of the light rays ILa and ILb (the X-axis direction in Fig. 2). The light incident end faces 21 ea and 21 eb of the light guide plate 21 are changed toward the central portion of the light guide plate 21. Further, the in-plane luminance distribution is a distribution in which the luminance is expressed in an arbitrary plane with respect to a position expressed in two dimensions. Therefore, the in-plane luminance distribution of the backlight unit 5A is to display the positional illumination light on the surface of the light guide plate 21 (the surface on the side opposite to the liquid crystal display element 1) indicated by the two-dimensional (XY plane). The distribution of the brightness of BLa and BLb. Further, the illumination lights BLa and BLb are emitted from the surface of the light guide plate 21 to illuminate the rear surface lb of the liquid crystal display element 10. More specifically, the arrangement density ' of the fine optical elements 21d.....21d is continuously reduced from the vicinity of the center position in the X-axis direction from the vicinity of the light incident end faces 21ea and 21eb in the light guide plate 21. Composition. As shown in Fig. 3, in the shape of the fine optical element 21d, for example, the surface shape thereof may be a convex lens shape having a curvature of about l1.5 mm and a maximum height Hmax of about 0.005 mm. The refractive index of the fine optical element 21d can be set to 1.49. Further, the material of the light guide plate 21 or the fine optical element 2ld may be an acrylic resin, but is not limited to this material. As long as it is a material having excellent light transmittance and excellent moldability, other resin materials such as polycarbonate resin or a glass material may be used instead of the acrylic resin. 323362 12 201222098 In the present embodiment, the fine optical 70 member 21 (1 is a convex lens shape, the present invention is not limited thereto), and the light having the LED that travels in the light guide plate 21 in the x-axis direction is provided. The structure which is refracted toward the Z direction and which is emitted toward the light-diffusing reflection sheet 26 is also used in other shapes, for example, a prism shape or any irregularity formed by sandblasting or the like. Fine light f70# ° formed by the pattern However, the convex lens shape can refract light in a transparent structure. Compared with a structure such as tantalum, the shape is relatively simple, and therefore has an advantage of being easy to manufacture. Further, even if the light guide plate 21 is large Since it can be produced by printing, it is easy to increase the size of the light guide plate 21. Further, any irregular shape formed by sand blasting or the like can refract laser light toward the Z-axis direction, but a convex lens In the case of the shape, since the design of the convex shape can be easily performed, there is an advantage that the planar light source 200 which is easy to design and realize uniform luminance distribution is available. The light source groups 20Ga, 20Gb are used for A light source 20..20 having a white light having a wide wavelength band of 420 nm to 700 nm is formed. The white light emitted from the light source groups 20Ga and 20Gb is provided by the liquid crystal display element 10 A color filter is provided to cut out light of three colors of red, green, and blue, and color can be displayed by adjusting the color mixture ratio of the light of the three colors. In addition, for example, red, green, and blue are used. When a color filter of four colors of yellow is added, light of four colors can be cut out, and color mixing is performed by adjusting the color mixture ratio of the light of the four colors. Further, from the light source group 20Ga, The light emitted by 20Gb has an angular intensity distribution of a substantially Lambert distribution with a full-width half-value of the light source group 20Ga, 20Gb, which is directed at 13 323362 201222098. The so-called Lambert distribution refers to a distribution in which the intensity of the center of the angle is the largest and the cosine function is decreased as the angle becomes larger. In the backlight unit using the side light mode or the edge light mode of the conventional CCFL light source, Due to CCFL The linear light source* therefore does not particularly cause uneven brightness in the light source arrangement direction of the light guide plate. However, when a plurality of point light sources that emit light having directivity are arranged in one column of the light source group, the light guide plate is used. In the vicinity of the incident end surface of the light, unevenness in luminance distribution due to the difference in the amount of light emitted from the point light source occurs. According to the present embodiment, the light beams ILa and ILb emitted from the light source groups 20Ga and 20Gb are formed on the inner surface of the light guide plate 21, respectively. The total reflection is performed in the X-axis direction, and the light which is totally reflected on the inner surface of the fine optical element 21d provided on the surface of the light guide plate 21 among the light rays ILa and ILb is the illumination light BLa and BLb. The illumination lights BLa and BLb are emitted from the back surface 21b of the light guide plate 21 toward the light diffusion reflection sheet 26 in the -Z-axis direction. Then, the illumination light BLa and BLb are diffused and reflected by the light-diffusing reflection sheet 26, and become illumination light BLa and BLb in the +Z-axis direction, and penetrate the light guide plate 21 to be emitted from the light guide plate 21. The illumination lights BLa and BLb that travel in the +Z-axis direction are further diffused by the refraction of the fine optical element 21d when being emitted from the surface of the light guide plate 21. Therefore, the light beams ILa and ILb' emitted from the light source groups 20Ga and 20Gb transmit an optical distance equivalent to at least twice the thickness of the light guide plate 21 until they are emitted from the surface of the light guide plate 21. Therefore, until the light ray ILa, ILb 14 323362 201222098 ‘ is emitted from the surface of the light guide plate 21, the optical distance for spreading by the own divergence angle can be ensured while suppressing the size of the backlight unit 5A. Further, the light rays ILa and ILb are converted into illumination lights BLa and BLb belonging to the planar light by the optical action of the fine optical element 21d. The illumination light BLa, BLb is diffused and reflected by the light-diffusing reflection sheet 26 in the optical path emitted from the surface of the light guide plate 21. By this light diffusion, the illumination light BLa, BLb is diffused in the XY plane, and spatially overlaps in the arrangement direction (Y-axis direction) of the light sources 2, ..., 20 from the surface of the light guide plate 21 Shoot out. Further, as described above, when the illumination lights BLa and BLb are emitted from the surface of the light guide plate 21, they are further diffused by the refraction of the fine optical elements 2id.....21d. The in-plane luminance distribution of the illumination light BLa 'BLb emitted from the backlight unit 5A by the light diffusion effect, that is, the arrangement direction (Y-axis direction) of the light sources 20 ..... 20 constituting the light source groups 20Ga, 20Gb Become uniform. Further, for the same reason, uniformity of excellent luminance distribution can be obtained at a position other than the vicinity of the light incident end of the light guide plate 21. In the present embodiment, the structure for obtaining the light diffusing action is provided along the normal direction of the display surface 10f of the image, that is, in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the display surface iOf. Further, by the thickness of the light guide plate 21 and the reflection optical path of the light, an optical path for diffusing the light toward the thickness direction of the backlight unit 5A is provided with good efficiency. Therefore, the backlight unit 5A is not enlarged in the in-plane direction (in-plane direction of the XY plane) of the display surface 10f of the liquid crystal display element 10, and the width of the frame of the frame portion surrounding the image display portion can be made wider. The narrow design, in addition, can suppress the illumination from the backlight 5A, 323362 15 201222098 Bright light BLa, BLb uneven distribution of brightness. Further, the backlight unit 5A is an illumination light BLa, BLb which generates a uniform luminance distribution in the X-axis direction by the optical action of the fine optical elements 21d, ..., 21d. Therefore, the backlight unit 5A can suppress unevenness in luminance distribution in both the Y-axis direction in which the light sources 20, 20, and 20 are arranged and the X-axis direction orthogonal to the Y-axis direction. In other words, it is not necessary to provide two kinds of optical elements, and the number of light combining portions between the optical elements can be reduced. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the loss of light in the joint portion between the optical elements, thereby improving the light use efficiency, and reducing the number of parts to improve the assemblability. In the present embodiment, the surface light source device is constituted by one backlight unit 5?. As described above, in the direction orthogonal to the arrangement direction of the light sources 20, ..., 20 (the X-axis direction), the intensity of the light transmitted to the light beams ILa and ILb in the light guide plate 21 is set even in The arrangement density of the fine optical elements 21d.....21d on the surface of the light guide plate 21 is changed with respect to the power density of light to achieve uniformity of luminance distribution. In more detail, in the vicinity of the light incident end faces 21ea and 21eb having a high power density of light, the arrangement density of the fine optical elements 21d.....21d is made thinner, and the power density at the light becomes smaller. In the vicinity of the center position in the axial direction, the arrangement density of the fine optical elements 21 d, ..., 21d is made to be along the X-axis direction so that the arrangement density of the fine optical elements 21d.....21d is dense. Sparse changes continuously into dense. As a result, the luminance distributions of the illumination lights BLa and BLb emitted from the back surface 21b of the light guide plate 21 in the X-axis direction are uniform. 16 323362 201222098 Such illumination light BLa, BLb is diffused and reflected by the light-diffusing reflection sheet 26, and travels toward the liquid crystal display element 1〇. Therefore, after the light-diffusing reflection sheet 26 is reflected, the illumination light BLa, BLb which passes through the light guide plate 21 and is emitted from the backlight unit 5A toward the liquid crystal display element 10 also has a uniform luminance distribution in the X-axis direction. As described above, the backlight unit 5A of the present embodiment can obtain illumination light having excellent uniformity in in-plane luminance distribution. The illumination light is transmitted through the optical sheets 11 and 12 to illuminate the liquid crystal display element 10, whereby the liquid crystal display device 101 which displays a high-quality image with suppressed unevenness in luminance distribution can be provided. Further, Fig. 4 is a perspective view schematically showing an example of an optical structure of the optical sheet 11. As shown in Fig. 4, the surface of the optical sheet u has a plurality of convex portions lip, and a structure in which lips are regularly arranged in the X-axis direction along a plane parallel to the display surface 10f. Each of the convex portions lip has a triangular prism shape, and the apex portion of the convex portion 1 lp protrudes from the liquid crystal display element 10 side, and the ridge line constituting the apex portion extends in the γ-axis direction. The interval between the adjacent convex portions lip and lip is fixed. As described above, in the liquid crystal display device 101 of the present embodiment, the light source group 20Ga of a plurality of point light sources 20 ..... 20 can be arranged from a straight line with a small number of parts and a simple light diffusion structure. The light rays ILa and iLb emitted by 20Gb are converted into uniform illumination lights BLa and BLb. Further, 'the light diffusion structure is provided along the normal direction (Z-axis direction) of the image display plane (χ_γ plane) of the liquid crystal display device 101. Therefore, it is not necessary to be adjacent to the X-axis direction with respect to the light guide plate 21 or The light diffusion structure is arranged in the direction of the x-axis. Thereby, the area of the backlight unit 17 323362 201222098 5A can be reduced relative to the image display plane, and the (four) 昼 (four) image can be provided. In other words, the liquid crystal display of the frame width of the frame portion is reduced: the following:: Li is:; the thickness of the light guide plate 21 is not thinned by the liquid day and day device. J 仗 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ The number of light sources can be reduced and uneven brightness distribution can be suppressed, and the effect of reducing the power consumption caused by the number of light sources can be obtained. Further, in the present embodiment, a light source in which a plurality of LEDs emitting white light having a very wide wavelength band from 420 nm to 700 nm are arrayed one-dimensionally in the light source of the backlight unit 5 is used... The light source groups 20Ga and 20Gb of .20, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, a light source group in which three kinds of light sources for emitting monochromatic light of red, green, and blue, respectively, are used, and the distance between the same color LED light sources is constant . Further, in the case of using a four-color LED light source, a light source group in which three kinds of LED light sources, for example, a four-color LED light source with a yellow LED light source, are periodically arranged in a one-dimensional direction may be employed. In general, when light sources of different luminescent colors are arranged at intervals, color unevenness due to uneven brightness distribution of the respective colors occurs in the vicinity of the light incident end surface of the light guide plate. On the other hand, in the liquid crystal display device 323362 18 201222098 according to the present embodiment, the backlight unit 5A of 1-10 is provided with a plurality of light sources 20, ..., 2 〇 arranged at intervals. Therefore, uneven brightness distribution and color unevenness can be suppressed. The night light 曰 θ ” 4 indicates that the liquid crystal display element 1 of the 〇 1 has a color light film inside, and the white light emitted from the backlight unit 5 is only made by the color light film. - Partial wavelength light penetration, whereby, for example, when displayed in 3 colors, color rendering can be performed by extracting red, green, and blue display colors. From the continuous light of white light, the light source of the spectrum When only a part of the wavelength band of light is cut out to obtain a display color, if the color purity of the display color is to be increased in order to increase the color reproduction range, the wavelength band of the color filter of the liquid crystal display element is required. The field is set to be relatively narrow. Therefore, in the prior art, if the color purity of the display color is to be increased, there is a problem that the amount of light transmitted through the color light-receiving sheet is reduced and the brightness is lowered. 'If a single-color led light source with high color purity can be used as the light source', the color light-emitting sheet that expands the color reproduction range by narrowing the wavelength band width can also penetrate the color from the light emitted from the LED light source. Crossing The amount of light lost by the light is reduced. In addition, the light-emitting wavelength can be controlled by changing the material or composition of the light-emitting layer of the LED light source to improve the compatibility of the wavelength band and the color filter. The liquid crystal display device 1〇1 can simultaneously achieve a high light utilization efficiency and a wide color reproduction range. Further, although LEDs are used as the light source group 19 323362 201222098 '20Ga, 20Gb light source of the backlight unit 5A, the present invention The light source unit in which a plurality of light sources having a small LED light-emitting area and light (four) directivity are disposed at a distance from each other can be applied to a side-light source to obtain a high effect. For example, The light source group 'in which the plurality of laser light sources are arranged in a one-dimensional array can also be optimized by diverging the divergence angle of the outgoing light of the laser light source or the arrangement interval of the laser light source and the thickness of the light guide plate 21. The effect of uniformizing the luminance distribution is obtained.

由於雷射光源係較LED更具優異單色性且可發出純 度更高顏色的光，因此藉由採用雷射光源作為背光單元5A 用的光源.......20,可提供顏色再現範圍極為廣泛 的浪晶顯示裝置。此外，由於可增大相對於發光面積的光 輸出’因此可降低光源的個數，在將側光方式或邊光方式 之背光單元5A採用於大变晝面的顯示裝置時為有效。 在本實施形態中，導光板21係具有將從其光入射端 面2lea、21eb射入且傳遞於導光板u内之光線ILa、ILb， 藉由反射或折射轉換成朝_Z軸方向行進之照明光BLa、 BLb的光學作用。此外，由於設置於背光單元5A之導光 板21、或設於導光板21之微細光學元件21d、· · ·、21d 均為由透明構件所構成，因此導光板21係具有使從光擴散 反射片26朝+Z軸方向反射之照明光BLa、BLb穿透的作 用。如此，藉由將導光板21以透明構件來形成，可抑制背 光單元5A之光的損失，且可獲得高度的光利用效率。 在本實施形態中，雖係採用從與導光板21之X軸方 向相對向之2端面2iea、21eb射入光的構成，惟本發明不 20 323362 201222098 限定於此。例如 亦可採用僅從1端面射入光、或從4端 二，光的構成。惟由於傳遞於導光板21内之光之導光 ^ ^位置與光的功率密度會因為光源的配置方法而有 3、：此而要針對各條件將微細光學元件 21d的配置密 度予以最佳化。 (實施形態2) 第5圖係為顯示本發明之實施形態2之穿透型顯示裝 置之液aa顯示襞置1〇2的構成示意圖。此外，第6圖係為 構成液晶顯示裴置102之背光單元5B之面狀光源300的 概略圖°實施形態1之液晶顯示裝置101之背光單元5A， 係具備白色LED作為光源群2〇Ga、20Gb，相對於此，實 施形態2之液晶顯示裝置102之背光單元5B，則具備射出 藍色光之單色LED30a與射出紅色光之單色LED30b，以作 為構成光源30Ga、30Gb的光源。此外，在本實施形態中， 係具備有將發出綠色光之螢光體37塗布於光擴散反射片 36之螢光體片38,以取代液晶顯示裝置1〇1之光擴散反射 片26。對於與實施形態1中所說明之液晶顯示裝置1〇1之 構成要素相同的構成要素，係賦予相同符號，且省略其說 明。 如第5圖所示，液晶顯示裝置102係具備有穿透型液 晶顯示元件1〇、屬於第1光學片的光學片11、屬於第2 光學片的光學片12、屬於面光源裝置的背光單元5B ’而 此等構成要素1〇、11、12、5B係朝Z軸方向疊層排列。 背光單元5B係由光源群30Ga、30Gb、導光板31、及 21 323362 201222098 將發出綠色光之螢光體37塗布於光擴散反射片36之螢光 體片38所構成。勞光體片38係由光擴散反射片36與螢光 體37所構成。此外，螢光體片38係自行發出綠色的光， 因此亦可發揮作為第2面狀光源功能。 光源群30Ga、30Gb係與設於導光板31之X軸方向 之兩端面之光入射端面31 ea、31 eb分別對向配置，而從光 源群30Ga、30Gb射出的光線ILc、iLd，係從導光板31 之光入射端面31 ea、31 eb射入於導光板31之内部，且朝 向導光板31之中心方向傳遞。螢光體片38係與導光板31 之位於液晶顯示元件10的相反侧的面3lb相對向，且以相 對於導光板31為平行之方式配置。如第6圖所示，在光源 群30Ga、30Gb中’係於Y軸方向以固定間隔交替排列有 射出藍色單色光之LED30a與射出紅色單色光之 LED30b。導光板31係相對於液晶顯示元件1〇之顯示面 10f平行配置’且於該液晶顯示元件1〇側之面的表面（前 面）具有微細光學元件31d.....31d。 第6圖係為顯示從+z軸方向觀看構成背光單元5B之 面狀光源300時的構成圖。構成光源群3〇Ga、30Gb之光 源3(^、301)、*，*、3(^、3013係與導光板31之乂軸方 向之2個光入射端面31ea、31eb相對向而朝Y軸方向以 等間隔方式配置。光源群30Ga、30Gb係由光源30a及光 源30b所構成。光源30a係射出藍色光線BL，光源30b 係射出紅色光線RL。另外，將光線BL與光線RL合起來 作成光線ILc、ILd。在導光板31之+Z軸方向之表面側的 22 323362 201222098 面，係全面形成有微細光...........3ld。微細 光學元件31d係發揮與實施形態1之微細光學元件21d相 同的光學作用，因此從光源群30Ga、30Gb射出的光線 ILc、ILd，係在導光板31之+Z軸方向侧全面，被轉換為 朝-Z軸方向射出之面狀的照明光BLc、BLd。微細光學元 件31 d、· · ·、31 d係為藉由反射或折射改變光線、 ILd行進方向的光學元件。 光源群30Ga、30Gb與導光板31，係發揮作為第丄面 狀光源300功能。微細光學元件31d、· · ·、3ld係與形 成於導光板21之微細光學元件21d、· · ·、2ld同樣呈 凸透鏡形狀，且從2個光入射端面31ea、31eb朝向導光板 31之X軸方向之中心位置由疏而密地配置。藉此，照明光 BLc、BLd即形成面狀光。 導光板31係具有與上述之實施形態1之液晶顯示裝 置101所具備之導光板21相同的構造。因此，導光板31 對於從光源群30Ga、30Gb射出的光線ILc、ILd亦同樣產 生作用。從光源群30Ga、30Gb射出之光線ILc、ILd係傳 遞於導光板31内。此時，紅色光與藍色光會混合，而使光 線ILc、ILd成為經混色的光線。光線ILc、ILd係藉由形 成於導光板31之+Z軸方向之面的微細光學元件31d、· • ·、31d而轉換為朝向-Z軸方向之照明光BLc、BLd。 照明光BLc、BLd係為藍色光線BL與紅色光線RL混色後 之第1面狀光。照明光BLc、BLd係從導光板31之-Z轴 方向之背面31b朝向螢光體片38射出。 23 323362 201222098 朝向螢光體片38射出之照明光BLc、BLd，其藍色光 線BL之一部分係用來作為構成螢光體片38之螢光體37 的激勵光，而從螢光體片38射出綠色的照明光FL。此綠 色的照明光FL係為第2面狀光。另外，所謂激勵光係為 用於螢光體37之激勵的光。 此外，照明光BLc、BLd係在配置於螢光體片38之+Z 軸方向侧之螢光體37的表面或配置於螢光體片38之-Z軸 方向側的光擴散反射片36被擴散並反射。此反射的照B月光 BLc、BLd係成為由未用於螢光體37之激勵的藍色光線 BL與紅色光線RL混色的光，且作為第1面狀光（照明光 BLc、BLd)而從螢光體片38朝+Z轴方向射出。同時，由 該藍色光線BL與紅色光線RL所構成之第1面狀光（照明 光BLc、BLd)，係與從螢光體片38之螢光體37射出之綠 色第2面狀光（照明光FL)混合，成為白色照明光而朝+z 軸方向射出。從螢光體片38之螢光體37射出之光線FL 中朝-Z軸方向射出的光線，係在光擴散反射片36朝 方向擴散並反射。 以光擴散反射片36而言’例如，可使用以聚對笨二 曱酸乙二酯（polyethylene terephthalate)等樹脂為基材之 光擴散反射片、或使金屬蒸鍍於具有微細凹凸形狀之基 表面的光擴散反射片。照明光FL、BLc、BLd係穿透導光 板31、光學片12及光學片11而朝向液晶顯示元件1〇的 背面10b射出。 從光源群30Ga、30Gb射出之藍色及紅色的光線ILc、 323362Since the laser light source is more monochromatic than the LED and can emit light of a higher purity color, color reproduction can be provided by using a laser light source as a light source for the backlight unit 5A. A wide range of wave crystal display devices. Further, since the light output with respect to the light-emitting area can be increased, the number of light sources can be reduced, and it is effective when the side light mode or the edge light type backlight unit 5A is used for a display device having a large change surface. In the present embodiment, the light guide plate 21 has the light rays ILa and ILb which are incident from the light incident end faces 2lea and 21eb and transmitted to the light guide plate u, and are converted into the illumination in the _Z-axis direction by reflection or refraction. Optical effects of light BLa, BLb. In addition, since the light guide plate 21 provided in the backlight unit 5A or the fine optical elements 21d, ..., 21d provided in the light guide plate 21 are all composed of a transparent member, the light guide plate 21 has a diffused reflection sheet from the light. 26 The effect of the illumination light BLa, BLb reflected in the +Z axis direction. As described above, by forming the light guide plate 21 as a transparent member, the loss of light of the backlight unit 5A can be suppressed, and a high light use efficiency can be obtained. In the present embodiment, the light is incident from the two end faces 2iea and 21eb which are opposite to the X-axis direction of the light guide plate 21, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which light is incident only from one end surface or light from four ends. However, since the position of the light guided by the light in the light guide plate 21 and the power density of the light are 3 due to the arrangement method of the light source, the arrangement density of the fine optical element 21d is optimized for each condition. . (Embodiment 2) FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a configuration of a liquid aa display device 1〇2 of a transmissive display device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. 6 is a schematic view of the planar light source 300 constituting the backlight unit 5B of the liquid crystal display device 102. The backlight unit 5A of the liquid crystal display device 101 of the first embodiment includes a white LED as a light source group 2〇Ga, In contrast, the backlight unit 5B of the liquid crystal display device 102 of the second embodiment includes a single-color LED 30a that emits blue light and a single-color LED 30b that emits red light as a light source that constitutes the light sources 30Ga and 30Gb. Further, in the present embodiment, a phosphor sheet 38 for applying green light-emitting phosphor 37 to the light-diffusing reflection sheet 36 is provided instead of the light-diffusing reflection sheet 26 of the liquid crystal display device 1〇1. The same components as those of the liquid crystal display device 1A1 described in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will not be repeated. As shown in FIG. 5, the liquid crystal display device 102 includes a transmissive liquid crystal display element 1A, an optical sheet 11 belonging to the first optical sheet, an optical sheet 12 belonging to the second optical sheet, and a backlight unit belonging to the surface light source device. 5B' and these constituent elements 1〇, 11, 12, and 5B are stacked in the Z-axis direction. The backlight unit 5B is composed of a light source group 30Ga, 30Gb, a light guide plate 31, and 21 323362 201222098, in which a green light-emitting phosphor 37 is applied to the phosphor sheet 38 of the light-diffusing reflection sheet 36. The working body sheet 38 is composed of a light diffusing reflection sheet 36 and a phosphor 37. Further, since the phosphor sheet 38 emits green light by itself, it can also function as a second planar light source. The light source groups 30Ga and 30Gb are disposed opposite to the light incident end faces 31 ea and 31 eb provided on both end faces of the light guide plate 31 in the X-axis direction, and the light beams ILc and iLd emitted from the light source groups 30Ga and 30Gb are guided. The light incident end faces 31 ea, 31 eb of the light plate 31 are incident on the inside of the light guide plate 31 and are transmitted toward the center of the light guide plate 31. The phosphor sheet 38 is opposed to the surface 31b of the light guide plate 31 on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display element 10, and is disposed in parallel with respect to the light guide plate 31. As shown in Fig. 6, in the light source groups 30Ga and 30Gb, LEDs 30a emitting blue monochromatic light and LEDs 30b emitting red monochromatic light are alternately arranged at regular intervals in the Y-axis direction. The light guide plate 31 is disposed in parallel with respect to the display surface 10f of the liquid crystal display element 1A, and has fine optical elements 31d.....31d on the surface (front surface) of the surface on the side of the liquid crystal display element 1. Fig. 6 is a view showing a configuration when the planar light source 300 constituting the backlight unit 5B is viewed from the +z-axis direction. The light sources 3 (^, 301), *, *, 3 (^, 3013) constituting the light source group 3 〇 Ga, 30 Gb are opposed to the two light incident end faces 31 ea and 31 EB in the z-axis direction of the light guide plate 31 toward the Y-axis. The directions are arranged at equal intervals. The light source groups 30Ga and 30Gb are composed of the light source 30a and the light source 30b. The light source 30a emits the blue light BL, and the light source 30b emits the red light RL. In addition, the light BL and the light RL are combined. The light rays ILc and ILd are formed on the surface of the surface of the light guide plate 31 on the surface of the surface in the +Z-axis direction of 22 323362 201222098, and the fine light is formed. 3ld. The fine optical element 31d is implemented and implemented. Since the fine optical elements 21d of the first embodiment have the same optical action, the light beams ILc and ILd emitted from the light source groups 30Ga and 30Gb are integrated in the +Z-axis direction side of the light guide plate 31, and are converted into the surface which is emitted in the -Z-axis direction. Illuminating light BLc, BLd. The fine optical elements 31 d, ..., 31 d are optical elements that change the direction of travel of light and ILd by reflection or refraction. The light source groups 30Ga, 30Gb and the light guide plate 31 function as The function of the second planar light source 300. Fine optical elements 31d, · · ·, 3ld Similarly to the fine optical elements 21d, . . . , and 2ld formed in the light guide plate 21, the two optical incident end faces 31ea and 31eb are disposed so as to be densely disposed toward the center of the light guide plate 31 in the X-axis direction. In this way, the illumination light BLc and BLd form planar light. The light guide plate 31 has the same structure as the light guide plate 21 included in the liquid crystal display device 101 of the above-described first embodiment. Therefore, the light guide plate 31 is for the slave light source group 30Ga. The light rays ILc and ILd emitted by the 30Gb also have an effect. The light rays ILc and ILd emitted from the light source groups 30Ga and 30Gb are transmitted to the light guide plate 31. At this time, the red light and the blue light are mixed, and the light rays ILc and ILd are mixed. The light is mixed with light. The light rays ILc and ILd are converted into illumination lights BLc and BLd oriented in the -Z-axis direction by the fine optical elements 31d, ..., 31d formed on the surface in the +Z-axis direction of the light guide plate 31. The illumination lights BLc and BLd are the first planar light after the blue light ray BL and the red light ray RL are mixed. The illumination lights BLc and BLd are emitted from the back surface 31b of the light guide plate 31 in the -Z-axis direction toward the phosphor sheet 38. 23 323362 201222098 towards the fluorescent The illumination light BLc, BLd emitted from the sheet 38 is used to emit green illumination light FL from the phosphor sheet 38 as part of the blue light ray BL as excitation light constituting the phosphor 37 of the phosphor sheet 38. The green illumination light FL is the second planar light. The excitation light is light used for excitation of the phosphor 37. In addition, the illumination light BLc and BLd are disposed on the surface of the phosphor 37 disposed on the +Z-axis direction side of the phosphor sheet 38 or the light-diffusing reflection sheet 36 disposed on the -Z-axis direction side of the phosphor sheet 38. Diffusion and reflection. The reflected B-lights BLc and BLd of the reflection are light mixed with the blue light ray BL and the red light RL which are not used for the excitation of the phosphor 37, and are used as the first planar light (illumination light BLc, BLd). The phosphor sheet 38 is emitted in the +Z-axis direction. At the same time, the first planar light (illumination light BLc, BLd) composed of the blue light ray BL and the red light ray RL is the green second planar light emitted from the phosphor 37 of the phosphor sheet 38 ( The illumination light FL) is mixed and becomes white illumination light and is emitted in the +z-axis direction. The light emitted from the phosphor FL emitted from the phosphor 37 of the phosphor sheet 38 in the -Z-axis direction is diffused and reflected by the light-diffusing sheet 36 in the direction. In the light-diffusing reflection sheet 36, for example, a light-diffusing reflection sheet based on a resin such as polyethylene terephthalate or a metal-deposited base having a fine concavo-convex shape can be used. The surface of the light diffuses the reflection sheet. The illumination lights FL, BLc, and BLd pass through the light guide plate 31, the optical sheets 12, and the optical sheets 11, and are emitted toward the back surface 10b of the liquid crystal display element 1A. Blue and red light rays ILc, 323362 emitted from the light source groups 30Ga, 30Gb

S 24 201222098 ILd’在光入射端面31ea、31eb附近有未充分混色的情形。 依據本實施形態，藍色及紅色的光線ILc、ILd，係在導光 板31之微細光學元件31(1、· · ·、Md被轉換為朝_2軸 方向行進之面狀照明光BLc、BLd。此外，從導光板31之 背面31b射出之照明光bLc、BLd，係在螢光體片38之螢 光體37之表面或光擴散反射片36之反射面被擴散並反 射’且再度返回導光板31。因此’照明光BLc、BLd係往 返傳遞於與液晶顯示元件10之顯示面1〇f之法線方向平行 的光程’且於該光程中在螢光體片38被擴散，由此而在導 光板31之前面成為面内亮度分布之均勻的面狀照明光。 此外，由於從螢光體37放射之綠色光不具指向性， 因此縱使不均的藍色光射入於螢光體37時，照明光FL也 會成為面内亮度分布均勻之綠色面狀光而從螢光體37射 出。此由藍色與紅色所構成之第1面狀光（照明光、 BLd)與綠色第2面狀光（照明光FL)係彼此混色，成為 面内亮度分布均勻之白色的第3面狀光（照明光ML)來 照明液晶顯示元件10。因此，本實施形態之液晶顯示裴置 102’係可藉由簡易且小型的構成來提供經抑制亮度分布不 均之良好的圖像。 一般而言，相較於紅色或藍色LED，綠色LED會因 為其材料特性而使發光效率較低。因此，在本實施形熊之 光源中，係採用以高發光效率直接發出紅色光及藍色光的 LED30a、30b ’另一方面綠色光係藉由以藍色光源3〇a數 勵螢光體而獲得。藉此，紅色、綠色、藍色之3原色均可 323362 25 201222098 提升其發光效率，而且從各光源射出之光具有優異單色 性’因此採用此等光源之液晶顯示裝置102，可獲得顏色 再現範圍廣泛的良好圖像。 在本實施形態之構成中，從導光板31之背面31b射 出之照明光BLc、BLd係射入螢光體37，之後，在光擴散 反射片36反射而朝向導光板31行進於螢光體37之中。換 言之，照明光BLc、BLd會通過2次螢光體37。因此，可 將螢光體37所發出的光量相對於射入於螢光體37之照明 光BLc、BLd之光量的量增多。此外，由於光擴散反射片 36係配置於螢光體37之-Z軸方向側，因此可將螢光體37 朝向-Z軸方向發光之光線的行進方向，以良好效率轉換為 液晶顯示元件10側的+Z轴方向。另外，從螢光體片3 8 射出之綠色光的強度，相對於照明ILc、ILd的強度，係以 Z轴方向中之螢光體37的厚度、或χ_γ平面中之微細光 學元件31d、· · ·、31d空間上的粗密來調整。 此外’螢光體係具有發光效率因為溫度上升而降低的 特性。在實施形態2之背光單元5B的構成中，由於可將 螢光體37配置於離開光源群30Ga、30Gb的位置，因此可 使螢光體37不易受到從成為熱源之光源群3〇Ga、30Gb放 射之熱的影響。此外，由於激勵螢光體37之照明光BLc、 BLd’係作為面狀光朝向螢光體37而射出，因此可使射入 於螢光體37之屬於激勵光之照明光BLc、BLd的功率密度 降低。換言之，可降低撞擊母單位面積之瑩光體37之照明 光BLc、BLd的光量。藉此，即可抑制因為吸收激勵光且 323362 26 201222098 未被轉換為螢光而發熱所導致螢光體37之溫度上升，且可 抑制螢光體37之劣化而提升可靠性。此外，藉由抑制螢光 體37之溫度上升，可抑制螢光體37之發光效率的降低。 藍色與紅色光經混色之第1面狀光（照明光BLc、 BLd)、與螢光體37所發出之綠色第2面狀光（照明光FL) 係混色成為白色的第3面狀光（照明光ML )。光源群 30Ga、30Gb係由例如射出在450nm附近具有峰值之藍色 光線BL的光源30a、及射出在620nm附近具有峰值之紅 色光線RL的光源30b所構成。從光源30a射出之藍色光 線BL的一部分，係由螢光體37所吸收，且例如被轉換為 具有530nm附近之波長的光而從螢光體37放射。 如以上所說明，本實施形態之液晶顯示裝置102，係 可使用以較少零件數量且簡易之構成的光擴散構造，將從 直線上配置有複數個點光源3〇3、305、***、30&、305 之光源群30Ga、30Gb射出之光，予以轉換為亮度分布均 勻的光。此外，由於該光擴散構造係沿著液晶顯示裝置102 之圖像顯示平面（X-Y平面）之法線方向（Z軸方向）設 置，因此相對於導光板31可以不必以鄰接於X軸方向4 Y軸方向之方式配置光擴散構造。藉此，可減小背光單元 5B之面積相對於該圖像顯示平面10f之面積的比率。換言 之，可實現既可提供良好晝質的圖像，又可將包圍圖像顯 示部分之框體部分之邊框寬度縮小的液晶顯示裝置102。 此外，由於僅以導光板31的厚度設置光傳遞部，因此亦可 使液晶顯示裝置102薄型化。再者，作為構成光源群 27 323362 201222098 30Ga、30Gb的光源，由於具備單色性與發光效率優異之 紅色與藍色LED30a、30b、及以該藍色光作為激勵化而放 射綠色光之螢光體37,因此可提供既具有廣泛顏色再現範 圍又實現低消耗電力的液晶顯示裝，置1 02。 以本實施形態之背光單元5B之光源30a、30b而言， 雖均採用LED，惟本發明不限定於此。如先前就實施形態 1所說明，在採用雷射光源時，亦可就面内亮度分布的均 勻性獲得極高的效果，此外，單色性更優異之雷射光源的 採用，可更加擴大顏色再現範圍。 此外’亦可設為取代上述光源3〇a、3〇b，採用由發出 具有紫外線波長帶域之紫外線之單色LED與紅色LED來 構成光源群30Ga、30Gb，且吸收該紫外線而從藍色放射 綠色波長域之光之螢光體的構成。此時，相較於採用藍色 LED光源30a與綠色螢光體37的情形，由於以螢光體發 出藍色及綠色光，顏色再現範圍雖稍縮小，惟由於可提升 藍色與綠色光的發光效率，因此可期待低消耗電力的效果。 (實施形態3) 第7圖係為顯示本發明之實施形態3之穿透型圖像顯 不裝置之液晶顯示裝置1〇3之構成示意圖。第8圖係為顯 示構成該液晶顯示裝置1〇3之背光單元5C之第1面狀光 源301之概略構成圖。此外，第9圖係為顯示構成背光單 元5C之另一面狀光源4〇〇a的概略構成圖，第1〇圖係為 顯示構成ί光單元5C之再另一面狀光源4〇〇b之概略構成 圖。上述實施形態2之液晶顯示裝置1〇2，係具備射出白 28 323362 201222098 色面狀光（照明光ML)之背光單元5B，相對於此，實施 形態3之液晶顯示裝置1〇3係具備具有射出藍綠色面狀光 的面狀光源3(Π、及射出紅色面狀光之面狀光源4〇〇a、400b 的背光單元5C。另外，在第7圖及第8圖中，對於與在實 施开> 態1及實施形態2中所說明之液晶顯示裝置1 〇 1、1 〇2 之構成要素相同的構成要素，係賦予相同符號，且省略其 說明。 如第7圖所示，液晶顯示裝置103係具備穿透型液晶 顯不元件10、屬於第1光學片之光學片11、屬於第2光學 片之光學片12、及背光單元5C，此等構成要素u、η、 12、5C係朝ζ轴方向疊層排列。 液晶顯示裝置103係進一步具有驅動液晶顯示元件1 〇 之未圖示之液晶顯示元件驅動部、及驅動背光單元5C中 所έ之光源群32Ga、32Gb、40Ga、40Gb之未圖示之光源 驅動部。液晶顯示元件驅動部與光源驅動部的動作，係藉 由未圖不之控制部來控制。控制部係對於從未圖示之信號 源供給之影像信號施關像處理來產生控㈣號，且將此 等控制彳§歧給至液晶顯示元件驅動部及光源驅動部。光 源驅動部係分職據來自控制部的控制信號來㈣光源群 32Ga、32Gb、4〇Ga、40Gb 而從此等光源群 32Ga、32Gb、 40Ga、40Gb 射出光。 月光單元5C係具備發出藍色光的光源群32Ga、 32Gb、導光板3卜及將發出綠色光之螢光體37塗布於光 擴散反射>} 36之螢光體片38。此外，背光單元冗係具備 323362 29 201222098 發出紅色光之光源群4〇Ga、4〇Gb、及產生紅色面狀光之2 片導光板41、42。 如第7圖及第8圖所示，光源群32Ga、32Gb係與設 於導光板31之x軸方向之兩端面之光入射端面3 lea、3 leb 分別對向配置’而光源群32Ga、32(}b係僅由藍色LED光 .........30a所構成。從光源群32Ga、32Gb射出 的光線’係從導光板31之兩端面之光入射端面31ea、31eb 射入於導光板31的内部’且朝向導光板η之中心方向傳 遞。此時，微細光學元件31(1、· · ·、31d係將傳遞於導 光板31之内部的光線’轉換為在導.光板31整面朝_z軸方 向行進之面狀照明光。此照明光的一部分，係激勵螢光體 37而產生綠色面狀照明光，而照明光的另一部分，係在光 擴散反射片36朝導光板31的方向反射。導光板31係使從 螢光體片38射入的光穿透。結果，藍綠色的照明光即從導 光板31的前面放射。 更具體而言，從光源群32Ga、32Gb射出之藍色光線， 係藉由形成於導光板31之+Z軸方向之面的微細光學元件 31d、· · ·、31d而轉換為朝向-Z軸方向的照明光。此照 明光係從導光板31之背面31b朝向螢光體片38射出。 朝向螢光體片38射出之藍色照明光的一部分，係用 來作為構成螢光體片38之螢光體37的激勵光，因此會從 螢光體片38射出綠色照明光。此綠色照明光係為第2面狀 光。未用於螢光體片38之激勵的藍色照明光，則在配置於 螢光體片38之+Z軸方向側之螢光體37的表面或配置於螢 30 323362 201222098 光體片38之-Z軸方向侧之光擴散反射片36被反射，且作 為第1面狀光從螢光體片38射出°此藍色照明光（第1 面狀光）、與從螢光體片38之螢光體37放射之綠色照明光 (第2面狀光）係彼此混合而成為藍綠色照明光，且朝+Z 軸方向射出。從螢光體片38之螢光體37放射之面狀光中， 朝-Z軸方向放射的光，係在光擴散反射片36朝+Z軸方向 擴散並反射。另外，所謂激勵光係指用於螢光體之激勵的 光。 以光擴散反射片36而言’係可使用例如以聚對苯二 曱酸乙二酯（polyethylene terephthalate)等樹脂為基材之 光擴散反射片、或使金屬蒸鍍於具有微細凹凸形狀之基板 表面的光擴散反射片。 從螢光體片38放射之藍綠色照明光’係藉由穿透導 光板31而在導光板41、42與紅色照明光DLa、DLb混合 而構成白色照明光。此白色照明光係穿透光學片12及光學 片11來照明液晶顯示元件1〇之背面l〇b。 導光板4卜42係將從光源群40Ga、40Gb分別射出之 紅色光線ILe、ILf轉換為朝向+Z軸方向方向之照明光 DLa、DLb且朝向液晶顯示元件10的背面l〇b射出。此等 照明光DLa、DLb係穿透光學片12與光學片11來照明液 晶顯示元件10的背面1 Ob。 第9圖及第10圖係概略性顯示面狀光源400a及面狀 光源400b之構成圖。第9圖之面狀光源400a係由相對於 液晶顯示元件10之顯示面10f平行配置之導光板41及光 31 323362 201222098 源群40Ga、40Gb所構成。里 另·方面，第10圖之面狀光源 400b，係由相對於液晶顯示 貞不70件10之顯示面10f平行配置 之導光板42及光源40b所嫌 D所構成。面狀光源400a係為第3 面狀光源，用以射出第4而此、, 面狀光（照明光DLa )。面狀光源 4_係為第4面狀光源，用以射出第4面狀光（照明光 DLb)。第9圖_示從_z轴方向側觀看面狀光源偷的 概略圖’帛1G®係顯示從_2轴方向側觀看面狀光源雛 的概略圖。另夕卜’照料DLa及照明光⑽係為第4面 狀光。 面狀光源4GGa所具有之構成光源群4似的光源 40a · · ·、40a ’係與導光板41之_又轴方向側之端面 之光入射端面41ea相對向配置，例如，沿著丫轴方向等 間隔地配置。此外’面狀光源4GGa所具有之導光板4ι， 係為由透明材料所構成的板狀構件，且在位於液晶顯示元 件1〇的相反侧之面且為·Ζ車由方向敵面的背面具有^ 有微細光學元件------------的光學元件部Ra。從 光源群4〇Ga、4〇Gb發出之光線IU，係從導光板w之光 入射端面41ea射入於導光板41的内部，且一面在導光板 41内進行全反射一面進行傳遞。 同樣地，在面狀光源40〇b中，構成光源群4〇Gb的光 源40b.....40b，係與導光板42之+X軸方向側之端 面之光入射端面42eb相對向配置，例如沿著丫軸方向等 間隔地配置。此外’面狀光源400b所具有之導光板42， 係為由透明材料所構成的板狀構件，且在位於該液晶顯示 323362 32 201222098 元件10的相反侧之面且為-Z轴方向侧之面的背面具有形 成有微細光學元件42d、· · ·、42d的光學元件部Rb。 從光源群40Gb發出之光，係從導光板42之光入射端面 42eb射入於導光板42的内部，且一面在導光板42内進行 全反射一面進行傳遞。微細光學元件41d、42d係發揮作為 分別使光線ILe、ILf反射或折射而改變光線ILe、ILf之行 進方向之光學元件功能。 面狀光源400a與面狀光源400b所具有之光源群 40Ga、40Gb，係採用彼此具有相同特性的雷射光源，此外， 配置光源 40a、· · ·、40a、40b、· · ·、40b 之間隔、 或光源40a、· · ·、40a、40b、· · ·、40b的相對於光 入射端面41ea、42eb之配置方向、角度等係設為彼此相同。 背光單元5C係具備具有相同特性之2個面狀光源 400a、400b。一方之面狀光源400a之光學元件部Ra之形 狀與另一方之面狀光源400b之光學元件部Rb的形狀，係 處於以相對於液晶顯示元件10之顯示面10f之法線為轴而 彼此旋轉180度的關係。此等面狀光源400a、400b係以導 光板41之4個側面與導光板42之各4個侧面在Z轴方向 匯齊之方式疊層配置。面狀光源400a所具有之光源群40Ga 與面狀光源400b所具有之光源群40Gb ’係以在X軸方向 相對向之方式配置，而光源群40Ga係朝向+X轴方向射出 光，光源群40Gb係朝向-X軸方向射出光。因此，從光源 群40Ga、40Gb射出之光線ILe、ILf的行進方向，成為彼 此反方向。從面狀光源400a、400b射出的照明光DLa、 33 323362 201222098 DLb均朝向液晶顯示元件10的背面10b而行進。 如上所述，本實施形態之背光單元5C係具有2個面 狀光源400a、400b朝照明光DLa、DLb之行進方向（+Z 軸方向）疊層配置的構成。因此，在點亮背光單元5C所 具有之光源群40Ga、40Gb時，從背光單元5C射出之照明 光DL ’係將從2個面狀光源400a、400b射出之照明光 DLa、DLb相加總者。因此，從背光單元5C射出之照明光 DL在X-Y平面的面内亮度分布，即成為前述2個面狀光 源400a、400b在X-Y平面之面内亮度分布相加總者。 導光板41、42係為由透明構件所形成之例如厚度2mm 的板狀構件。如第7圖、第9圖及第10圖所示，在光學元 件部Ra、Rb中’係於位在液晶顯示元件1 〇的相反侧之面 的背面形成有半球狀凸形狀（以下稱凸透鏡形狀）之微細 光學元件41d、· · ·、41d、42d、· · ·、42d。此等微 細光學元件41d、42d係將傳遞於導光板41、42内之光線 ILe、ILf，轉換為朝向液晶顯示元件10之背面l〇b之方向 (+Z轴方向）行進的照明光DLa、DLb。 從光入射端面41ea、42eb分別射入於導光板41、42 之光線ILe、ILf ’係藉由導光板41、42與空氣層之界面中 的全反射，一面重複反射一面朝X軸方向行進於導光板 41、42内。光線ILe、ILf中，存在有未滿足導光板41、 42之前面與空氣層之界面中之全反射條件的光線。該光線 係從導光板4卜42的前面朝向液晶顯示元件10的背面i〇b 射出。 34 323362 201222098 設於導光板41、42之光學元件部Ra、Rb之微細光學 元件 41d、· · ·、41d、42d、· · ·、42d係形成於X-Y 平面内，而微細光學元件41d、· · ·、41d、42d、· · •、42d之配置密度（亦即每單位面積的數量或其大小等） 係作空間性的變化。藉此，即可控制從導光板41、42射出 之照明光DLa、DLb之面内亮度分布。在本實施形態中， 如第9圖所示，係採用微細光學元件41d.....41d 之配置密度隨著在光線ILe的行進方向（第9圖中+X軸方 向）中遠離導光板41之光入射端面41ea而變化的構造。 同樣地，如第10圖所示，採用微細光學元件42d、· · ·、 42d之配置密度隨著在光線ILf之行進方向（第10圖中-X 軸方向）中遠離導光板42之光入射端面42eb而變化的構 造。 更詳而言之，如第9圖所示，微細光學元件41d並未 配置於導光板41中之光入射端面41ea附近，而是設於從 導光板41之X軸方向之約中心之位置至與光入射端面 41ea相對向之端面的區域Ra。該配置密度係隨著從X軸 方向之中心位置附近朝向導光板41之該端面而由疏連續 地變化為密。另一方面，如第10圖所示，微細光學元件 42d並未配置於導光板42中之光入射端面41eb附近，而 是設於從導光板42之X轴方向之約中心之位置至與光入 射端面41eb相對向之端面的區域Rb。該配置密度係隨著 從X軸方向之中心位置附近朝向導光板42之該端面而由 疏連續地變化為密。 35 323362 201222098 以微細光學元件41d、42d之表面形狀而言，例如與 導光板21、3丨之微細光學元件21d、31d相同，可採用曲 率約0.15mm、最大高度約〇 〇〇5mm之凸透鏡形狀。微細 光學兀件41d、42d之折射率可設為約1.49。另外，導光 板41、42或微細光學元件41d、42d之材質可設為丙烯酸 樹脂’惟不限定於該材質，只要是光穿透率良好、成形加 工性優異的材質，則可使用聚碳酸酯樹脂等其他樹脂材料 或玻璃材料來取代丙烯酸樹脂。 此外’在本實施形態中，雖將微細光學元件41d、42d 之表面形狀設為凸透鏡形狀，惟本發明不限定於此。只要 微細光學元件41d、42d具有將在導光板41、42内朝X轴 方向行進之光線ILe、ILf，朝Z軸方向進行内面全反射而 朝向液晶顯示元件1〇之背面1〇b射出的構造，則可*為其他 形狀，例如，可採用稜鏡形狀、或由藉由喷砂等所形成之 任意凹凸圖案所構成的微細光學元件。 然而，凸透鏡形狀之情形下，能以透明的構造使光折 射’相較於棱鏡等的構造’形狀較為簡單，因此具有容易 製作的優點。此外’即使導光板41、42大型化時，由於可 藉由印刷來製作，因此可易於對應導光板41、42的大型 化。此外，雖藉由噴砂等所形成之任意凹凸形狀邡可使雷 射光朝Z軸方向折射，惟以凸透鏡形狀之情形而言，由於 可進行凸形狀的設計，因此具有易於設計實現均勻亮度分 布的面狀光源400a、400b的優點。 在本實施形態中，雖將導光板41、42之摩度設為 36 323362 201222098 2mm，惟本發明不限定於此。在液晶顯示裝置ι〇3之薄型 化、輕置化、甚至藉由增加多重反射次數來提升光利用效 率的點上，係以採用厚度較薄的導光板41、42為理想。由 於雷射光源係發光面面積小且指向性高的光源，因此對於 厚度較薄的導光板亦可獲得高的光耦合效率。惟此時必須 考慮將導光板4卜42之厚度薄型化所導致剛性降低的問題 等。 採用雷射光源作為光源40a.....40a、40b、· • ·、40b之光源群4〇Ga、40Gb，係可射出以640nm為 峰值波長’且波長寬度為半值全寬度且具有lnm單色性極 高光譜的光。此外，例如，該發散角在快軸方向中半值全 寬度為40度、在慢軸方向中半值全寬度為1〇度。在本實 施形態中，光源群40Ga、40Gb之雷射光源，係以配置成 其快軸方向與導光板41、42之光入射端面41ea、42eb之 短邊方向平行為佳。此係由於發散角大的快軸方向會與導 光板41 ' 42之光入射端面41ea、42eb中之短邊方向，亦 即導光板41、42之相對向之面與面之間隔最狹窄的方向 (在第7圖中係為z軸方向）平行，而使光線ILe、ILf 在導光板4卜42内的反射次數增大，且入射於設在導光板 41、42之微細光學元件41d、42d之光線增多之故。藉此， 即可提升微細光學元件41d、42d之光取出效率（=朝向液 晶顯示元件1〇之方向射出之光量/傳遞於導光板41、42 内的光量）。 依據本實施形態，從光源群40Ga、40Gb射出之光線 37 323362 201222098 ILe、ILf的光徑，係遠小於光入射端面41ea、42eb之Υ 軸方向的大小。在與設於導光板41、42之光入射端面 41ea、42eb附近之光傳遞部Pa、Pb對應的區域中，未形 成有微細光學元件41d、42d。因此，光線ILe、ILf可在光 傳遞部Pa、Pb中一面全反射充分的光學距離一面進行傳 遞。因此，光線ILe、ILf係藉由自身的發散角而擴散，且 藉由與鄰接之其他光線在空間上重疊而形成Y軸方向中之 亮度分布均勻之線狀的光，亦即線狀光。 第11圖係為說明從相鄰之2個光源射出之光線傳遞一 定光學距離而成為線狀光的概念圖。如第11圖所示，在X 軸方向之任意位置中，從單一光源射出之光線之Y軸方向 的亮度分布60，係具有由光線原本所具有之高斯 (Gaussian)形狀的角度亮度分布所引起，中心亮度高， 且亮度隨著遠離中心而急遽下降的形狀。因此，當單一光 線射入於光學元件部時，該光線之亮度分布即反映於從導 光板射出之照明光的面内亮度分布而產生亮度分布不均。 然而，當使從近接配置之複數個光源射出之複數條光 線在空間上重疊時，可作出在Y軸方向之光源排列方向具 有均勻亮度分布的線狀光源。例如，當將第11圖中之具有 亮度分布60之單一光線與具有亮度分布61之單一光線重 疊時，該等分布即被平均化，而成為如亮度分布62之均勻 的亮度分布。因此，即使是在單一光線中具有不均勻之分 布的光，藉由將複數條光線在空間上重疊，也可將該等分 布平均化，因此可作出在光源排列方向中亮度分布均勻的 38 323362 201222098 線狀光源。 如此，為了要將近接之光源的光重疊，需要使光線 ILe、ILf傳遞於由光源群40Ga、40Gb發出之光之發散角 與光源........40a、40b、· · ·、40b之配置間隔 所決定之一定以上的光學距離。實施形態3之面狀光源 400a、400b所具有的導光板41、42，係具備光線ILe、ILf 入射於微細光學元件41d、42d為止前傳遞的光傳遞部pa、 Pb。此等光傳遞部Pa、Pb係具備光線ILe、ILf以自身的 發散角在光源4〇a、· · ·、40a、40b、· · ·、40b之排 列方向（Y軸方向）為了在空間上充分擴展所需的光學距 離。因此，光線ILe、ILf在成為均勻性高的線狀光之後， 可入射於形成有微細光學元件41d、42d的光學元件部Ra、 Rb。 此外，在實施形態3中，構成光源群40Ga、40Gb之 光源 40a、· · ·、40a、40b、· · ·、40b，係發出具有 相等發散角與面内亮度分布的光，且採取以等間隔方式配 置的構成，因此可獲得亮度分布之均勻性更高的線狀光。 藉由以上方式，成為線狀光而射入於光學元件部Ra、 Rb之光線ILe、ILf，其光線的一部分即被導光板41、42 之背面的微細光學元件41d、42d進行内面反射而轉換為照 明光DLa、DLb而從導光板41、42之表面朝向液晶顯示 元件10的背面10b射出。此時，射入於微細光學元件41d、 42d 之光線 ILe、ILf ’ 係在光源 40a、· · ·、40a、40b、 • ··、40b之排列方向（Y軸方向）中成為均勻線狀的 39 323362 201222098 ♦ 光，因此在光源 40a、· · ·、40a、40b、· · ·、40b 中不會產生因為亮度分布差所導致之亮度分布不均，而可 作為均勻的照明光DL來照明液晶顯示元件1〇。 如上所述，面狀光源400a、400b係在光線iLe、ILf 之行進方向的X轴方向，設有用以將從分別為點光源之光 源40a、40b射出之光線ILe、ILf轉換為線狀光的光傳遞 部Pa、Pb。因此，面狀光源400a、400b係具有不射出照 明光DLa、DLb的區域。 在本實施形態中，面狀光源400a、400b係以填補不發 出照明光DLa、DLb之區域（光傳遞部Pa、Pb)之方式疊 層配置。換言之，面狀光源400a不發光之區域與面狀光源 400b發光之區域係朝z軸方向疊層，而面狀光源400b不 發光之區域與面狀光源400a發光之區域係朝Z轴方向疊 層。因此，面狀光源400a與面狀光源400b的組合，可從 面整體射出照明光。 再者，在本實施形態中，為使面狀光源400a與面狀光 源40〇b在X軸方向中之亮度分布加總而使亮度分布均 勻’係將決定各個亮度分布之微細光學元件41d、42d在X 轴方向的配置密度最佳化。 第12圖係為顯示從面狀光源4〇〇a與面狀光源400b 射出之照明光DLa、DLb在X軸方向之1維亮度分布藉由 模擬所作計算結果的曲線圖。更詳而言之，第12圖係為顯 示面狀光源4〇〇a在X軸方向中之1維亮度分布50、面狀 光源4〇〇b在X軸方向中之1維亮度分布51、及將兩者之 40 323362 201222098 亮度分布50、51加總之X軸方向中之1維亮度分布52藉 由模擬所作計算結果的曲線圖。 從第12圖可得知，從面狀光源400a射出之照明光DLa 之1維亮度分布50，從配置於-X軸方向側之光入射端面 41ea側至導光板41之X軸方向之中心位置附近為止，並 不會射出光。另一方面，亮度從導光板41在X軸方向之 中心位置附近朝向+X軸方向會逐漸變高，而在與+X軸方 向之光入射端面41 ea相對向之端面附近，則保持一定的亮 度。另一方面，從面狀光源400b射出之照明光DLb之1 維亮度分布51，係具有與面狀光源400a之1維亮度分布 50相反的亮度分布，且從+X軸方向之光入射端面42eb側 至導光板42在X軸方向之中心位置附近，不會射出光， 而亮度從導光板42在X軸方向之中心位置附近朝向-X軸 方向會逐漸變高，而在與-X軸方向之光入射端面42eb相 對向之端面附近則保持一定的亮度。 換言之，照明光DLa及照明光DLb係以在導光板4卜 42之X軸方向之約中央附近重疊之方式射出。在此，藉由 使微細光學元件41d、42d之排列由疏變化至密來逐漸增加 朝液晶顯示元件10之方向射出之光的光量。因此，即使是 照明光DLa與照明光DLb重疊的部分，也可易於將該等 加總的光量設為與其他部分相同的光量，且能以面狀光源 400a之照明光DLa與面狀光源400b之照明光DLb的銜接 來抑制光量的降低，或抑制因為光量增加所導致之亮度分 布不均。 41 323362 201222098 t 藉由從面狀光源400a射出之照明光DLa與從面狀光 源400b射出之照明光DLb的加總產生之照明光的面内亮 度分布52，係在X軸方向中成為均勻的分布。第13圖係 顯不實際測量從依據本實施形態之構成而試作之面狀光源 400a、400b射出之照明光之面内亮度分布的結果。從第13 圖可彳于知，在將2個面狀光源400a、400b朝Z轴方向疊 層的構成中，可獲得在光線行進方向（χ軸方向）中均勻 性優異的照明光。 以下以光源群40Ga中所含之雷射光源8〇 (4〇a)、及 與该雷射光源80在Y軸方向相鄰接之雷射光源8 i ( 4〇a ) 為例’來詳細說明導光板41所具備之光傳遞部Pa。 第14圖係為概念性顯示從光源群4〇Ga所具備之相鄰 之雷射光源80、81射出並從光入射端面41ea射入於導光 板41之雷射光線8〇p、8lp之光程的概念圖。第15圖係為 顯示以X轴方向之光學距離為X時傳遞於光傳遞部Pa之 雷射光線80p、81p在Y轴方向之1維亮度分布8〇q、81q 及將該等加總所產生之線狀光的1維亮度分布82q之曲線 圖。 如第14圖所示，雷射光源80、81在Y軸方向係隔著 各個發光點間的距離d而相鄰，且與導光板41之光入射端 面41ea相對向配置。雷射光源80及雷射光源81之發光面 與光入射端面41ea之間隔，係設定為距離f。雷射光源80、 81係具有彼此相同的特性，且從雷射光源80、81射出之 雷射光線80p、81p在X-Y平面中之半值半角α之大致高 42 323362 201222098 斯形狀之角度亮度分布，係具有彼此相同的形狀。在此， 所明半值半角係指在雷射射束（laser beain )之光強度分布 中與光強度成為峰值之一半之點對應的射束發散角（半 角）。 從雷射光源80、81射出之雷射光線8〇p、81p，係從 光入射端面41ea射入於導光板41的内部，且傳遞於光傳 遞部Pa。此時，光傳遞部Pa所具有之又軸方向之光學距 離X係由下列數式（1)所定義。 [數式1] (1 γ·_ d-2' f-tma 2'Xmp 在數式⑴中，d係為雷射光源8〇、81之發光點間S 24 201222098 ILd' may be insufficiently mixed in the vicinity of the light incident end faces 31ea and 31eb. According to the present embodiment, the blue and red light beams ILc and ILd are converted into the planar illumination lights BLc and BLd which are moved in the 2-axis direction by the fine optical elements 31 (1, . . . , Md of the light guide plate 31). Further, the illumination light bLc, BLd emitted from the back surface 31b of the light guide plate 31 is diffused and reflected on the surface of the phosphor 37 of the phosphor sheet 38 or the reflection surface of the light diffusion reflection sheet 36, and is returned again. The light plate 31. Therefore, the 'illumination light BLc, BLd is transmitted back and forth to the optical path parallel to the normal direction of the display surface 1〇f of the liquid crystal display element 10, and is diffused in the phosphor sheet 38 in the optical path. Therefore, the front surface of the light guide plate 31 is a uniform planar illumination light having an in-plane luminance distribution. Further, since the green light emitted from the phosphor 37 does not have directivity, uneven blue light is incident on the phosphor. At 37 o'clock, the illumination light FL is also emitted as green plane light having a uniform in-plane luminance distribution, and is emitted from the phosphor 37. The first planar light (illumination light, BLd) and green color composed of blue and red 2 planar light (illumination light FL) is mixed with each other to achieve uniform in-plane brightness distribution The white third planar light (illumination light ML) illuminates the liquid crystal display element 10. Therefore, the liquid crystal display device 102' of the present embodiment can provide uneven brightness distribution by a simple and compact configuration. Good image. Generally speaking, compared with red or blue LEDs, green LEDs have lower luminous efficiency due to their material properties. Therefore, in this embodiment, the bear light source is directly used with high luminous efficiency. The LEDs 30a and 30b emitting red and blue light. On the other hand, the green light is obtained by multiplying the phosphor by the blue light source 3〇a. Thereby, the three primary colors of red, green and blue can be 323362 25 201222098 improves the luminous efficiency, and the light emitted from each light source has excellent monochromaticity. Therefore, a liquid crystal display device 102 using such light sources can obtain a good image with a wide range of color reproduction. In the configuration of this embodiment, The illumination lights BLc and BLd emitted from the back surface 31b of the light guide plate 31 are incident on the phosphor 37, and then reflected by the light diffusion reflection sheet 36 and traveled toward the light guide plate 31 in the phosphor 37. In other words, illumination light BLc and BLd pass through the secondary phosphor 37. Therefore, the amount of light emitted from the phosphor 37 can be increased with respect to the amount of light incident on the illumination lights BLc and BLd of the phosphor 37. Further, due to light diffusion Since the reflection sheet 36 is disposed on the -Z-axis direction side of the phosphor 37, the direction in which the phosphor 37 is directed toward the -Z-axis direction can be converted into the +Z axis of the liquid crystal display element 10 side with good efficiency. In addition, the intensity of the green light emitted from the phosphor sheet 38 is the thickness of the phosphor 37 in the Z-axis direction or the fine optical element 31d in the χ_γ plane with respect to the intensity of the illumination ILc and ILd. , · · · ·, 31d space to adjust the coarse. Further, the 'fluorescent system has a characteristic that the luminous efficiency is lowered due to an increase in temperature. In the configuration of the backlight unit 5B of the second embodiment, since the phosphor 37 can be disposed at a position apart from the light source groups 30Ga and 30Gb, the phosphor 37 can be prevented from being exposed to the light source group 3〇Ga, 30Gb from the heat source. The effects of radiation heat. Further, since the illumination lights BLc and BLd' of the excitation phosphor 37 are emitted as the planar light toward the phosphor 37, the power of the illumination light BLc and BLd belonging to the excitation light of the phosphor 37 can be generated. The density is reduced. In other words, the amount of light of the illumination lights BLc, BLd of the phosphor 37 that strikes the parent unit area can be reduced. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the temperature rise of the phosphor 37 caused by the heat generated by the absorption of the excitation light and the 323362 26 201222098 is not converted into the fluorescent light, and the deterioration of the phosphor 37 can be suppressed to improve the reliability. Further, by suppressing the temperature rise of the phosphor 37, the decrease in the luminous efficiency of the phosphor 37 can be suppressed. The first planar light (illumination light BLc, BLd) in which the blue and red light are mixed, and the third planar light which is mixed with the green second planar light (illumination light FL) emitted from the phosphor 37 (illumination light ML). The light source groups 30Ga and 30Gb are composed of, for example, a light source 30a that emits a blue light ray BL having a peak near 450 nm, and a light source 30b that emits a red ray RL having a peak at around 620 nm. A part of the blue light line BL emitted from the light source 30a is absorbed by the phosphor 37, and is converted into light having a wavelength of around 530 nm, for example, and emitted from the phosphor 37. As described above, in the liquid crystal display device 102 of the present embodiment, a light diffusion structure having a small number of components and a simple configuration can be used, and a plurality of point light sources 3〇3, 305, *** are arranged from a straight line. The light emitted from the light source groups 30Ga and 30Gb of 30 & 305 is converted into light having a uniform luminance distribution. Further, since the light diffusion structure is disposed along the normal direction (Z-axis direction) of the image display plane (XY plane) of the liquid crystal display device 102, it is not necessary to be adjacent to the X-axis direction 4Y with respect to the light guide plate 31. The light diffusion structure is arranged in the axial direction. Thereby, the ratio of the area of the backlight unit 5B to the area of the image display plane 10f can be reduced. In other words, it is possible to realize an image which can provide a good enamel and a liquid crystal display device 102 which narrows the frame width of the frame portion surrounding the image display portion. Further, since the light transmitting portion is provided only by the thickness of the light guide plate 31, the liquid crystal display device 102 can be made thinner. Further, as the light source constituting the light source group 27 323362 201222098 30Ga and 30Gb, the red and blue LEDs 30a and 30b excellent in monochromaticity and luminous efficiency, and the phosphor which emits green light by excitation of the blue light are provided. 37. Therefore, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal display device having a wide color reproduction range and low power consumption. In the light sources 30a and 30b of the backlight unit 5B of the present embodiment, LEDs are used, but the present invention is not limited thereto. As described in the first embodiment, when a laser light source is used, it is possible to obtain an extremely high effect on the uniformity of the in-plane luminance distribution, and in addition, the use of a laser light source having superior monochromaticity can further expand the color. Reproduction range. Further, it is also possible to form the light source groups 30Ga and 30Gb by using a single-color LED and a red LED which emit ultraviolet rays having an ultraviolet wavelength band instead of the light sources 3a and 3b, and absorb the ultraviolet light from the blue color. The structure of a phosphor that emits light in the green wavelength region. At this time, compared with the case where the blue LED light source 30a and the green phosphor 37 are used, since the blue and green light are emitted by the phosphor, the color reproduction range is slightly reduced, but the blue and green light can be improved. Since the luminous efficiency is high, the effect of low power consumption can be expected. (Embodiment 3) FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a liquid crystal display device 1A3 of a transmissive image display device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Fig. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the first planar light source 301 of the backlight unit 5C constituting the liquid crystal display device 1A. Further, Fig. 9 is a schematic configuration view showing another planar light source 4A constituting the backlight unit 5C, and Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing still another planar light source 4〇〇b constituting the light unit 5C. Make up the picture. In the liquid crystal display device 1A2 of the second embodiment, the liquid crystal display device 1A3 of the third embodiment is provided with the backlight unit 5B that emits white 28 323362 201222098 color surface light (illumination light ML). The planar light source 3 (the Π and the backlight unit 5C that emits the planar light sources 4〇〇a and 400b of the red planar light) are emitted. In addition, in FIGS. 7 and 8 The same components as those of the liquid crystal display devices 1 〇1 and 1 〇2 described in the first embodiment and the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. The display device 103 includes a transmissive liquid crystal display element 10, an optical sheet 11 belonging to the first optical sheet, an optical sheet 12 belonging to the second optical sheet, and a backlight unit 5C. These constituent elements u, η, 12, 5C The liquid crystal display device 103 further includes a liquid crystal display element driving unit (not shown) that drives the liquid crystal display element 1 and a light source group 32Ga, 32Gb, and 40Ga that are driven by the backlight unit 5C. 40Gb light source drive not shown The operation of the liquid crystal display element driving unit and the light source driving unit is controlled by a control unit not shown. The control unit applies image processing to a video signal supplied from a signal source (not shown) to generate a control number (4). And the control unit is supplied to the liquid crystal display element drive unit and the light source drive unit. The light source drive unit is divided into the light source groups 32Ga, 32Gb, 4〇Ga, 40Gb by the control signals from the control unit. The group 32Ga, 32Gb, 40Ga, and 40Gb emit light. The moonlight unit 5C includes light source groups 32Ga and 32Gb that emit blue light, a light guide plate 3, and a phosphor 37 that emits green light is applied to the light diffusion reflection. The phosphor sheet 38. In addition, the backlight unit is provided with 323362 29 201222098 red light source groups 4〇Ga, 4〇Gb, and two light guide plates 41 and 42 that generate red planar light. As shown in Fig. 8, the light source groups 32Ga and 32Gb are disposed opposite to the light incident end faces 3 lea and 3 leb provided on both end faces of the light guide plate 31 in the x-axis direction, and the light source groups 32Ga and 32 (}b are only It consists of blue LED light....30a. From source group 3 The light rays emitted from 2Ga and 32Gb are incident on the inside of the light guide plate 31 from the light incident end faces 31ea and 31eb of the both end faces of the light guide plate 31, and are transmitted toward the center of the light guide plate η. At this time, the fine optical element 31 (1) And 31d converts the light rays transmitted inside the light guide plate 31 into planar illumination light that travels in the _z-axis direction over the entire surface of the light guide plate 31. A part of the illumination light is an excitation phosphor. The green surface illumination light is generated by 37, and the other part of the illumination light is reflected by the light diffusion reflection sheet 36 in the direction of the light guide plate 31. The light guide plate 31 penetrates the light incident from the phosphor sheet 38. As a result, the cyan illumination light is radiated from the front surface of the light guide plate 31. More specifically, the blue light rays emitted from the light source groups 32Ga and 32Gb are converted into the -Z axis by the fine optical elements 31d, ..., 31d formed on the surface in the +Z-axis direction of the light guide plate 31. Directional illumination. This illumination light is emitted from the back surface 31b of the light guide plate 31 toward the phosphor sheet 38. A part of the blue illumination light emitted toward the phosphor sheet 38 is used as the excitation light constituting the phosphor 37 of the phosphor sheet 38, so that the green illumination light is emitted from the phosphor sheet 38. This green illumination light is the second planar light. The blue illumination light that is not used for the excitation of the phosphor sheet 38 is disposed on the surface of the phosphor 37 disposed on the +Z-axis direction side of the phosphor sheet 38 or on the surface of the phosphor 30 323362 201222098 The light-diffusing reflection sheet 36 on the Z-axis direction side is reflected, and the first planar light is emitted from the phosphor sheet 38. The blue illumination light (first planar light) and the slave phosphor sheet 38 are emitted. The green illumination light (second planar light) emitted from the phosphor 37 is mixed with each other to become blue-green illumination light, and is emitted in the +Z-axis direction. Among the planar light emitted from the phosphor 37 of the phosphor sheet 38, the light radiated in the -Z-axis direction is diffused and reflected by the light-diffusing reflection sheet 36 in the +Z-axis direction. Further, the term "excitation light" means light used for excitation of a phosphor. In the light-diffusing reflection sheet 36, for example, a light-diffusing reflection sheet based on a resin such as polyethylene terephthalate or a metal-deposited substrate having a fine uneven shape can be used. The surface of the light diffuses the reflection sheet. The cyan illumination light emitted from the phosphor sheet 38 is mixed with the red illumination lights DLa and DLb by the light guide plate 31 to form white illumination light. This white illumination light penetrates the optical sheet 12 and the optical sheet 11 to illuminate the back surface l〇b of the liquid crystal display element 1A. The light guide plate 4 is configured to convert the red light rays ILe and ILf emitted from the light source groups 40Ga and 40Gb into the illumination lights DLa and DLb directed in the +Z-axis direction, and to emit toward the rear surface l〇b of the liquid crystal display element 10. These illumination lights DLa, DLb penetrate the optical sheet 12 and the optical sheet 11 to illuminate the back surface 1 Ob of the liquid crystal display element 10. Fig. 9 and Fig. 10 schematically show the configuration of the planar light source 400a and the planar light source 400b. The planar light source 400a of Fig. 9 is composed of a light guide plate 41 and light 31 323362 201222098 source groups 40Ga and 40Gb arranged in parallel with respect to the display surface 10f of the liquid crystal display element 10. Further, the planar light source 400b of Fig. 10 is constituted by the light guide plate 42 and the light source 40b which are disposed in parallel with respect to the display surface 10f of the liquid crystal display 70. The planar light source 400a is a third planar light source for emitting the fourth and the planar light (illumination light DLa). The planar light source 4_ is a fourth planar light source for emitting the fourth planar light (illumination light DLb). Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing the planar light source stealing viewed from the _z-axis direction side. The 帛1G® system displays a schematic view of the planar light source from the _2-axis direction side. In addition, the care DLa and the illumination light (10) are the fourth planar light. The light source 40a of the planar light source 4GGa, which constitutes the light source group 4, is disposed opposite to the light incident end surface 41ea of the end surface on the axial side of the light guide plate 41, for example, along the x-axis direction. Configure at equal intervals. Further, the light guide plate 4i included in the planar light source 4GGa is a plate-like member made of a transparent material, and has a surface on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display element 1〇 and has a rear surface facing the enemy surface. ^ Optical element part Ra with fine optical element ------------. The light IU emitted from the light source groups 4 〇 Ga and 4 〇 Gb is incident on the inside of the light guide plate 41 from the light incident end surface 41ea of the light guide plate w, and is transmitted while being totally reflected in the light guide plate 41. Similarly, in the planar light source 40〇b, the light sources 40b.....40b constituting the light source group 4〇Gb are disposed to face the light incident end surface 42eb of the end surface on the +X-axis direction side of the light guide plate 42. For example, they are arranged at equal intervals along the x-axis direction. Further, the light guide plate 42 included in the planar light source 400b is a plate-like member made of a transparent material, and is located on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display 323362 32 201222098 on the surface of the element 10 and on the side of the -Z-axis direction. The back surface has an optical element portion Rb on which fine optical elements 42d, ..., 42d are formed. The light emitted from the light source group 40Gb is incident on the inside of the light guide plate 42 from the light incident end surface 42eb of the light guide plate 42, and is transmitted while being totally reflected in the light guide plate 42. The fine optical elements 41d and 42d function as optical elements for changing the direction in which the light rays ILe and ILf are reflected or refracted, respectively. The light source groups 40Ga and 40Gb included in the planar light source 400a and the planar light source 400b are laser light sources having the same characteristics as each other, and the intervals of the light sources 40a, ..., 40a, 40b, ..., 40b are arranged. The arrangement direction, the angle, and the like of the light source 40a, ..., 40a, 40b, ..., 40b with respect to the light incident end faces 41ea, 42eb are the same as each other. The backlight unit 5C includes two planar light sources 400a and 400b having the same characteristics. The shape of the optical element portion Ra of one of the planar light sources 400a and the shape of the optical element portion Rb of the other planar light source 400b are rotated about the normal line with respect to the display surface 10f of the liquid crystal display element 10 180 degree relationship. The planar light sources 400a and 400b are stacked such that the four side faces of the light guide plate 41 and the four side faces of the light guide plate 42 are aligned in the Z-axis direction. The light source group 40Ga included in the planar light source 400a and the light source group 40Gb' included in the planar light source 400b are arranged to face each other in the X-axis direction, and the light source group 40Ga emits light toward the +X-axis direction, and the light source group 40Gb The light is emitted toward the -X axis. Therefore, the traveling directions of the light rays ILe and ILf emitted from the light source groups 40Ga and 40Gb are opposite to each other. The illumination light DLa, 33 323362 201222098 DLb emitted from the planar light sources 400a and 400b all travel toward the back surface 10b of the liquid crystal display element 10. As described above, the backlight unit 5C of the present embodiment has a configuration in which the two planar light sources 400a and 400b are stacked in the traveling direction (+Z-axis direction) of the illumination lights DLa and DLb. Therefore, when the light source groups 40Ga and 40Gb included in the backlight unit 5C are turned on, the illumination light DL' emitted from the backlight unit 5C is added to the illumination light DLa, DLb emitted from the two planar light sources 400a and 400b. . Therefore, the in-plane luminance distribution of the illumination light DL emitted from the backlight unit 5C in the X-Y plane is the sum of the luminance distributions of the two planar light sources 400a and 400b in the plane of the X-Y plane. The light guide plates 41 and 42 are plate-shaped members having a thickness of, for example, 2 mm formed of a transparent member. As shown in FIG. 7 , FIG. 9 , and FIG. 10 , a hemispherical convex shape (hereinafter referred to as a convex lens) is formed on the back surface of the optical element portions Ra and Rb that is positioned on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display element 1 . Fine optical elements 41d, ..., 41d, 42d, ..., 42d. The fine optical elements 41d and 42d convert the light beams ILe and ILf transmitted in the light guide plates 41 and 42 into illumination light DLa which travels in the direction (+Z-axis direction) of the back surface l〇b of the liquid crystal display element 10, DLb. The light rays ILe and ILf' incident on the light guide plates 41 and 42 from the light incident end faces 41ea and 42eb are totally reflected in the interface between the light guide plates 41 and 42 and the air layer, and are repeatedly reflected while traveling in the X-axis direction. In the light guide plates 41, 42. Among the light rays ILe and ILf, there are light rays that do not satisfy the total reflection condition in the interface between the front surface of the light guide plates 41 and 42 and the air layer. This light is emitted from the front surface of the light guide plate 4 toward the rear surface i〇b of the liquid crystal display element 10. 34 323362 201222098 The fine optical elements 41d, ..., 41d, 42d, ..., 42d provided in the optical element portions Ra and Rb of the light guide plates 41, 42 are formed in the XY plane, and the fine optical elements 41d, · The arrangement density of 41, 42d, 42D, 42d (that is, the number per unit area or its size) is changed spatially. Thereby, the in-plane luminance distribution of the illumination lights DLa and DLb emitted from the light guide plates 41 and 42 can be controlled. In the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 9, the arrangement density of the fine optical elements 41d.....41d is far from the light guide plate in the traveling direction of the light ray ILe (the +X-axis direction in Fig. 9). The structure in which the light of 41 is incident on the end surface 41ea. Similarly, as shown in Fig. 10, the arrangement density of the fine optical elements 42d, ..., 42d is incident with light away from the light guide plate 42 in the traveling direction of the light ray ILf (the -X-axis direction in Fig. 10). The configuration in which the end surface 42eb changes. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 9, the fine optical element 41d is not disposed in the vicinity of the light incident end surface 41ea of the light guide plate 41, but is disposed at a position from the center of the X-axis direction of the light guide plate 41 to A region Ra facing the end face opposite to the light incident end surface 41ea. This arrangement density is continuously changed from dense to dense from the vicinity of the center position in the X-axis direction toward the end surface of the light guide plate 41. On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 10, the fine optical element 42d is not disposed in the vicinity of the light incident end surface 41eb of the light guide plate 42, but is disposed at a position from the center of the X-axis direction of the light guide plate 42 to the light. The incident end surface 41eb is opposed to the region Rb toward the end surface. This arrangement density is continuously changed from dense to dense from the vicinity of the center position in the X-axis direction toward the end surface of the light guide plate 42. 35 323362 201222098 In terms of the surface shape of the fine optical elements 41d, 42d, for example, similar to the fine optical elements 21d, 31d of the light guide plates 21, 3, a convex lens shape having a curvature of about 0.15 mm and a maximum height of about 5 mm can be used. . The refractive indices of the fine optical elements 41d, 42d can be set to about 1.49. In addition, the material of the light guide plates 41 and 42 or the fine optical elements 41d and 42d can be made of acrylic resin, but is not limited to this material, and polycarbonate can be used as long as it has excellent light transmittance and excellent moldability. Other resin materials such as resins or glass materials are substituted for the acrylic resin. In the present embodiment, the surface shapes of the fine optical elements 41d and 42d are formed into a convex lens shape, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The fine optical elements 41d and 42d have a structure in which the light rays ILe and ILf that travel in the X-axis direction in the light guide plates 41 and 42 are totally reflected in the Z-axis direction and are emitted toward the back surface 1b of the liquid crystal display element 1A. Further, the shape may be other shapes. For example, a fine optical element composed of a 稜鏡 shape or an arbitrary concave-convex pattern formed by sand blasting or the like may be employed. However, in the case of the shape of the convex lens, it is possible to make the light-refractive' in a transparent structure relatively simpler than the structure of the prism or the like, and therefore has an advantage that it is easy to manufacture. Further, even when the light guide plates 41 and 42 are increased in size, they can be produced by printing, so that the size of the light guide plates 41 and 42 can be easily increased. Further, although any irregular shape formed by sand blasting or the like can refract laser light toward the Z-axis direction, in the case of a convex lens shape, since the convex shape can be designed, it is easy to design and achieve uniform luminance distribution. Advantages of the planar light sources 400a, 400b. In the present embodiment, the degree of friction of the light guide plates 41 and 42 is set to 36 323362 201222098 2 mm, but the present invention is not limited thereto. It is preferable to use the light guide plates 41 and 42 having a small thickness in order to reduce the light use efficiency of the liquid crystal display device ι〇3, and even to increase the light utilization efficiency by increasing the number of multiple reflections. Since the laser light source is a light source having a small light-emitting surface area and high directivity, a high light coupling efficiency can be obtained for a light guide plate having a small thickness. However, at this time, it is necessary to consider the problem of reducing the rigidity due to the thinning of the thickness of the light guide plate 4b. A light source group 4〇Ga, 40Gb using a laser light source as the light source 40a.....40a, 40b, ···, 40b can emit a peak wavelength ′ of 640 nm and a wavelength width of half value full width and 1 nm. Monochrome very high spectral light. Further, for example, the divergence angle has a full width at half maximum of 40 degrees in the fast axis direction and a full width of 1 degree in the slow axis direction. In the present embodiment, the laser light sources of the light source groups 40Ga and 40Gb are preferably arranged such that their fast axis directions are parallel to the short side directions of the light incident end faces 41ea and 42eb of the light guide plates 41 and 42. This is because the direction of the fast axis of the divergence angle is the narrowest direction of the light incident end faces 41ea, 42eb of the light guide plate 41'42, that is, the direction in which the opposite faces of the light guide plates 41, 42 are spaced apart from each other. (in the z-axis direction in Fig. 7), the number of reflections of the light rays ILe, ILf in the light guide plate 4 42 is increased, and incident on the fine optical elements 41d, 42d provided in the light guide plates 41, 42 The light is increasing. Thereby, the light extraction efficiency of the fine optical elements 41d and 42d (= the amount of light emitted in the direction toward the liquid crystal display element 1 / the amount of light transmitted to the light guide plates 41, 42) can be improved. According to the present embodiment, the optical paths of the light beams 37 323362 201222098 ILe and ILf emitted from the light source groups 40Ga and 40Gb are much smaller than the axial directions of the light incident end faces 41ea and 42eb. The fine optical elements 41d and 42d are not formed in the regions corresponding to the light transmitting portions Pa and Pb provided in the vicinity of the light incident end faces 41ea and 42eb of the light guiding plates 41 and 42. Therefore, the light rays ILe and ILf can be transmitted while being sufficiently reflected by the light transmitting portions Pa and Pb with a sufficient optical distance. Therefore, the light rays ILe and ILf are diffused by their own divergence angles, and spatially overlapping with other adjacent light rays to form linear light having a uniform luminance distribution in the Y-axis direction, that is, linear light. Fig. 11 is a conceptual diagram for explaining that a certain optical distance is transmitted from a light source emitted from two adjacent light sources to become linear light. As shown in Fig. 11, in any position in the X-axis direction, the luminance distribution 60 in the Y-axis direction of the light emitted from a single light source is caused by the angular luminance distribution of the Gaussian shape originally possessed by the light. The brightness of the center is high, and the brightness is sharply falling as it moves away from the center. Therefore, when a single light beam is incident on the optical element portion, the luminance distribution of the light is reflected in the in-plane luminance distribution of the illumination light emitted from the light guide plate to cause unevenness in luminance distribution. However, when a plurality of light beams emitted from a plurality of light sources arranged in close proximity are spatially overlapped, a linear light source having a uniform luminance distribution in the direction in which the light sources are arranged in the Y-axis direction can be made. For example, when a single ray having a luminance distribution 60 in Fig. 11 is overlapped with a single ray having a luminance distribution 61, the distributions are averaged to become a uniform luminance distribution as the luminance distribution 62. Therefore, even if light having a non-uniform distribution in a single ray is spatially overlapped by a plurality of rays, the distribution can be averaged, so that a uniform brightness distribution in the direction in which the light source is arranged can be made 38 323362 201222098 Linear light source. Thus, in order to superimpose the light of the adjacent light source, it is necessary to transmit the light rays ILe, ILf to the divergence angle of the light emitted by the light source groups 40Ga, 40Gb and the light source 40.40b, 40b, . A certain optical distance determined by the arrangement interval of 40b. The light guide plates 41 and 42 included in the planar light sources 400a and 400b of the third embodiment are provided with light transmitting portions pa and Pb which are transmitted before the fine optical elements 41d and 42d are incident on the fine optical elements 41d and 42d. These light-transmitting portions Pa and Pb are provided with light rays ILe and ILf at their own divergence angles in the arrangement direction (Y-axis direction) of the light sources 4a, ..., 40a, 40b, ..., 40b in order to spatially Fully expand the required optical distance. Therefore, after the light rays ILe and ILf become linear light having high uniformity, they can enter the optical element portions Ra and Rb on which the fine optical elements 41d and 42d are formed. Further, in the third embodiment, the light sources 40a, ..., 40a, 40b, ..., 40b constituting the light source groups 40Ga and 40Gb emit light having an equal divergence angle and an in-plane luminance distribution, and are taken. Since the configuration of the spacer arrangement is such that linear light having a higher uniformity of luminance distribution can be obtained. In the above manner, the light rays ILe and ILf which are incident on the optical element portions Ra and Rb by the linear light are partially reflected by the fine optical elements 41d and 42d on the back surfaces of the light guide plates 41 and 42 and converted. The illumination light DLa and DLb are emitted from the surface of the light guide plates 41 and 42 toward the back surface 10b of the liquid crystal display element 10. At this time, the light rays ILe and ILf' incident on the fine optical elements 41d and 42d are uniformly linear in the arrangement direction (Y-axis direction) of the light sources 40a, ..., 40a, 40b, ..., 40b. 39 323362 201222098 ♦ Light, therefore, the light sources 40a, ···, 40a, 40b, ···, 40b do not produce uneven brightness distribution due to poor brightness distribution, but can be illuminated as uniform illumination light DL The liquid crystal display element 1〇. As described above, the planar light sources 400a and 400b are provided with X-axis directions in the traveling directions of the light rays iLe and ILf, and are provided for converting the light rays ILe and ILf emitted from the light sources 40a and 40b, which are point light sources, into linear light. Light transmitting portions Pa, Pb. Therefore, the planar light sources 400a and 400b have regions where the illumination lights DLa and DLb are not emitted. In the present embodiment, the planar light sources 400a and 400b are stacked one on another so as to fill the regions (the light transmitting portions Pa and Pb) where the illumination lights DLa and DLb are not emitted. In other words, the region where the planar light source 400a does not emit light and the region where the planar light source 400b emits are laminated in the z-axis direction, and the region where the planar light source 400b does not emit light and the region where the planar light source 400a emits are laminated in the Z-axis direction. . Therefore, the combination of the planar light source 400a and the planar light source 400b can emit illumination light from the entire surface. In the present embodiment, in order to uniformize the luminance distribution in the X-axis direction of the planar light source 400a and the planar light source 40a, the fine optical element 41d which determines the respective luminance distributions is The 42d configuration density in the X-axis direction is optimized. Fig. 12 is a graph showing the calculation results of the one-dimensional luminance distribution in the X-axis direction of the illumination lights DLa and DLb emitted from the planar light source 4a and the planar light source 400b by simulation. More specifically, FIG. 12 is a one-dimensional luminance distribution 50 showing the planar light source 4〇〇a in the X-axis direction, and a one-dimensional luminance distribution 51 of the planar light source 4〇〇b in the X-axis direction. And a graph of the calculation results of the one-dimensional luminance distribution 52 in the X-axis direction of the 40 323362 201222098 luminance distribution 50, 51. As can be seen from Fig. 12, the one-dimensional luminance distribution 50 of the illumination light DLa emitted from the planar light source 400a is located from the light incident end surface 41ea side disposed on the -X axis direction side to the center position of the light guide plate 41 in the X-axis direction. It will not emit light until it is nearby. On the other hand, the luminance gradually increases from the vicinity of the center position of the light guide plate 41 in the X-axis direction toward the +X-axis direction, and remains constant in the vicinity of the end face opposite to the light incident end surface 41 ea in the +X-axis direction. brightness. On the other hand, the one-dimensional luminance distribution 51 of the illumination light DLb emitted from the planar light source 400b has a luminance distribution opposite to the one-dimensional luminance distribution 50 of the planar light source 400a, and the light incident end face 42eb from the +X-axis direction. The light is not emitted from the side to the center position of the light guide plate 42 in the X-axis direction, and the brightness is gradually increased from the center position of the light guide plate 42 in the X-axis direction toward the -X-axis direction, and in the -X-axis direction. The light incident end surface 42eb maintains a certain brightness in the vicinity of the end surface. In other words, the illumination light DLa and the illumination light DLb are emitted so as to overlap in the vicinity of the center of the X-axis direction of the light guide plate 4. Here, the amount of light emitted in the direction toward the liquid crystal display element 10 is gradually increased by changing the arrangement of the fine optical elements 41d and 42d from dense to dense. Therefore, even in a portion where the illumination light DLa overlaps with the illumination light DLb, it is possible to easily set the total amount of light to the same amount of light as the other portions, and to use the illumination light DLa of the planar light source 400a and the planar light source 400b. The connection of the illumination light DLb suppresses the decrease in the amount of light, or suppresses the unevenness in luminance distribution due to an increase in the amount of light. 41 323362 201222098 t The in-plane luminance distribution 52 of the illumination light generated by the sum of the illumination light DLa emitted from the planar light source 400a and the illumination light DLb emitted from the planar light source 400b is uniform in the X-axis direction distributed. Fig. 13 shows the result of in-plane luminance distribution of the illumination light emitted from the planar light sources 400a and 400b which were tried out according to the configuration of the present embodiment. As is apparent from Fig. 13, in the configuration in which the two planar light sources 400a and 400b are stacked in the Z-axis direction, illumination light having excellent uniformity in the light traveling direction (the x-axis direction) can be obtained. Hereinafter, the laser light source 8 〇 (4〇a) included in the light source group 40Ga and the laser light source 8 i ( 4〇a ) adjacent to the laser light source 80 in the Y-axis direction are taken as an example. The light transmission portion Pa included in the light guide plate 41 will be described. Fig. 14 is a view conceptually showing the light of the laser beams 8〇p, 8lp which are emitted from the adjacent laser light sources 80, 81 of the light source group 4〇Ga and which are incident on the light guide plate 41 from the light incident end surface 41ea. Conceptual illustration of the process. Fig. 15 is a view showing a one-dimensional luminance distribution 8〇q, 81q in the Y-axis direction of the laser light 80p, 81p transmitted to the light transmitting portion Pa when the optical distance in the X-axis direction is X, and the summing up A graph of the one-dimensional luminance distribution 82q of the generated linear light. As shown in Fig. 14, the laser light sources 80 and 81 are adjacent to each other with a distance d between the respective light-emitting points in the Y-axis direction, and are disposed to face the light incident end surface 41ea of the light guide plate 41. The distance between the light-emitting surface of the laser light source 80 and the laser light source 81 and the light incident end surface 41ea is set to a distance f. The laser light sources 80, 81 have the same characteristics as each other, and the half-value half angle α of the laser light rays 80p, 81p emitted from the laser light sources 80, 81 in the XY plane is substantially as high as 42 323362 201222098. , have the same shape as each other. Here, the half-width half angle means a beam divergence angle (half angle) corresponding to a point at which the light intensity becomes one-half of the peak value in the light intensity distribution of the laser beam (laser beain). The laser beams 8〇p and 81p emitted from the laser light sources 80 and 81 are incident on the inside of the light guide plate 41 from the light incident end surface 41ea, and are transmitted to the light transmitting portion Pa. At this time, the optical distance X of the optical transmission portion Pa having the axial direction is defined by the following formula (1). [Expression 1] (1 γ·_ d-2' f-tma 2'Xmp In the formula (1), d is between the light-emitting points of the laser light sources 8〇, 81

距離，f係為雷射光源8G、81之出射面料人射端面I 之距離，α;係為從雷射光源8〇、81射出之光在Χ·Υ 中之發散角之半值半角’㈣為傳遞於導光板^内之 光線80ρ、81ρ在χ-γ平面中之發散角之半值半角。田 惟導光板41内之半值半条θ，总 定義。 千料心，係由以下數式⑴所 [數式2] β = Sin — •sina (2) 在數式（2)中，將從雷射光源8〇、8 線一射入於導光板仏之前所傳遞之層== 323362 43 201222098 為ηι ’導光板41之折射率設為n2。在此，雷射光源80、 81之發光面積，係遠小於雷射光源8〇、81之發光點間的 距離d，因此忽視該大小。 上述數式（1)及（2)係用以規定雷射光線80p與雷 射光線8 lp於γ軸方向的亮度分布中，為了在具有存在於 各個X軸方向之光軸8〇a、81a上之♦值亮度之一半亮度 的位置具有交叉點所需之光學距離X者。 雷射光線80p及雷射光線81p係具有彼此相同的角度 冗度为布，且具有與各自光軸8〇a、81a對稱的角度亮度分 布，因此當傳遞於數式（1)、數式（2)所規定之光學距離 X時，如弟15圖所示，雷射光線即在分別具有 峰值壳度L之點（Y=y〇，yl )之中間點（Y=y2)中獲得 冗度L/2。藉由該專雷射光線、8 ip重疊’中間點（γ = y2)之亮度即成為L。以往，相對於存在於雷射光線8〇p、 81p之光軸80a、81a上之明亮部分的明部，存在有存在於 雷射光線80p之光軸80a與雷射光線81p之光軸8ia之間 的黑暗部分的暗部，因此在γ軸方向產生亮度分布不均。 然而，藉由設置在數式（1)、數式（2)中所定義之光學距 離X，可在雷射光線8〇p、所形成之明部（Y==y〇，^ ) 之間補充具有與該等相同亮度的明部（Y=y2)。此外，Υ 於該等明部（Y=y0’yl)間之亮度分布同時被平均化， 因此可產生具有高均勻性之線狀光。 如上所述，藉由雷射光線80p、81p傳遞於具 (1)及數式（2)所定義之光學距離χ之光傳遞部匕，二 323362 44 201222098 可將光傳遞部Pa之大小抑制於最小限度，又可產生Y軸 方向之亮度分布均勻之線狀光。 微細光學元件41d係設於從光傳遞部Pa之+Χ軸方向 之端部至導光板41之+X軸方向之端部的區域，而微細光 學元件41d之配置密度係以朝向+X軸方向從疏連續變化 為密之方式形成。關於微細光學元件41d之構造、特性係 如以上所述。 從光源80、81射出，且傳遞於以X軸方向之長度為 光學距離X時之光傳遞部Pa的光線ILe，係於Y軸方向 之光源80、81之排列方向成為均勻之線狀光之後射入於光 學元件部Ra，且成為面内亮度分布之均勻之面狀光（照明 光DLa)來照明液晶顯示元件10。 在此，雖已陳述了導光板41，惟導光板42亦同樣地 具備有滿足數式（1)、（2)之光傳遞部Pb，而光線ILf係 成為具有高均勻性之線狀光而射入於形成有微細光學元件 42d之光學元件部Rb，且成為面内亮度分布之均勻之面狀 光（照明光DLb)來照明液晶顯示元件10。 此種分別具有導光板41與導光板42之面狀光源 400a、400b，係為具有高均勻性之面内亮度分布的面狀光 源。在藉由此等面狀光源400a、400b所作出的照明光，係 抑制了亮度分布不均。因此，可提供經抑制顯示不均之高 晝質的液晶顯示裝置103。 如上所述，藉由將光傳遞部Pa、Pb之X軸方向的長 度設為由上述數式（1)及數式（2)所定義之光學距離X， 45 323362 201222098 即可產生具有高均勻性之面内亮度分布的面狀光源。另 外，藉由將該光學距離設為較由上述數式（1)及數式（2) 所定義之X更長，亦可更進一步提升亮度分布的均勻性。 以上為關於導光板41、42之構成及動作的具體例。 在本實施形態中，係可將為了將從點光源之雷射光源 射出之雷射光線轉換為線狀雷射光所需之區域的光傳遞部 Pa、Pb ’設於與有效圖像顯示區域對應的區域内。藉此’ 既可確保雷射光線傳遞之充分的光學距離，又不需在面狀 光源部之周邊設置光傳遞部，因此可將背光裝置9之面積 相對於液晶顯示裝置103之圖像顯示平面（X-Y平面）之 面積的比率減小。換言之，可實現既提供良好晝質的圖像， 又使包圍圖像顯示部分之框體部分之邊框的寬度縮窄的液 晶顯示裝置103。此外，由於以導光板的厚度來設置光傳 遞部，因此亦可達成液晶顯示裝置103的薄型化。 如以上所說明，依據實施形態3之液晶顯示裝置103, 由於可充分設置雷射光線成為藉由自身所具有發散角與近 接之其他雷射光線在空間上重疊之線狀雷射光所需之傳遞 距離的光學距離，因此可產生面内亮度分布均勻的照明 光。因此，即使將點光源且指向性高的雷射光源採用於側 光方式或邊光方式之光源時，亦可提供可顯示經抑制亮度 分布不均之良好圖像的液晶顯示裝置。 再者，本實施形態係有效活用液晶顯示裝置103之有 效圖像顯示區域來實現簡單的構成，且可使此構成在相對 於液晶顯示裝置103之有效圖像顯示區域不需將背光單元 46 323362 201222098 • 5C大型化下來實現。此外，在本實施形態中，光傳遞部 Pa及光學元件部Ra係設於單一的導光板41，且光傳遞部 Pb及光學元件部Rb亦設於單一的導光板42。因此，相較 於以個別導光板來構成光傳遞部及光學元件部，且將此等 予以組合來使用之情形’光損失較少，且光利用效率提升， 並且零件數量減少而提升組裝性。 如上所述，採用雷射光源作為構成面狀光源4〇〇a、 400b的光源，係顯示純色性高的顏色，且實現低消耗電力 驅動。再者’藉由其高指向性，可提升對於導光板41、42 的光耦合效率，而達成導光板41、42的薄型化。 在本實施形態中’雖係於複數個面狀光源400a、400b 採用具有相同特性者，惟本發明不限定於此。如前所述， 實施形態3係藉由將從複數個面狀光源301、400a、400b 射出之照明光在χ_γ平面中加總來實現面内亮度分布均勻 的…、明光。只要可達成此目的’從複數個面狀光源射出之 照明光的面内亮度分布亦可為不同者。 此外，在本實施形態中，雖係設為疊層具備雷射光源 、、且面狀光源4〇〇a、4〇〇b的構成，惟本發明不限定於此 構^與上述理由相同，只要藉由將複數個面狀光源射出 2*、、、明光在Χ·γ平面加總，來產生均勻照明整體液晶顯示 70件W之照明光的構成，亦可設為疊層2組以上面狀光源 的構成。 上所述，只要是藉由將從複數個面狀光源射出之照 “在X-Y平面方向加總來實現面内亮度分布均勻之背光 323362 47 201222098 單元的構成，則各面狀光源之面内亮度分布可為任何者。 此外，雖可設為疊層2組以上面狀光源的構成，惟此時各 面狀光源所具有的導光板，係以一定要在光入射端面附近 設置光傳遞部的構成為理想。此光傳遞部係具有從雷射光 源射出之光線與從相鄰之其他雷射光源射出之光線在空間 上重疊，且亮度分布在雷射光源之排列方向成為均勻所需 的光學距離。此外，光傳遞部不具有微細光學元件等，而 雷射光線係一面在光傳遞部内全反射一面進行傳遞。因 此，在形成有微細光學元件之光學元件部傳遞之雷射光線 係成為線狀的光。因此，抑制由於微細光學元件折射，且 從導光板表面朝向液晶顯示元件10之背面l〇b射出之照明 光的亮度分布不均。因此，可提供顯示不均較少之高晝質 的液晶顯示裝置。 只要滿足上述構成，則對於光源之配置間隔或雷射光 源的對於導光板之光入射端面的配置方向、角度等之配置 方法並無限制。此外，亦可設為使雷射光源相對向於導光 板4邊之任一端面來配置的構成。此時，係可藉由將雷射 光源之光入射端面設為液晶顯示元件10之短邊側的端 面，以良好效率來增長雷射光線的光學距離，因此可易於 獲得面内亮度分布均勻性更為優異的照明光。 此外，依據本實施形態，藉由雷射光源一面多重反射 導光板内之充分長的光學距離一面進行傳遞、且使複數個 雷射光源在空間上重疊，亦可獲得降低習知在使用同調性 (coherence )高之雷射光源之圖像顯示裝置中會成為問題 48 323362 201222098 的斑點雜訊（speckle noise )(因為光的彼此干擾而顯現於 觀測面之任意斑點狀的圖樣）的效果。 此外，如上所述背光單元5C係具有光源群32Ga、 32Gb、導光板31及螢光體片38。光源群32Ga、32Gb係 分別與導光板31之X軸方向之兩端面之光入射端面 31 ea、31 eb相對向配置。從光源群32Ga、32Gb射出之光 線，係從導光板31之兩端面之光入射端面31 ea、31 eb朝 向中心方向射入。如第8圖所示，光源群32Ga、32Gb係 將用以射出在藍色具有藍伯特分布之角度強度分布之藍色 光線之複數個LED光源30a.....30a以一定的間隔 朝Y軸方向排列。射入於導光板31的光，係在設於具有 與實施形態2相同構造之導光板31表面之微細光學元件 31d.....31d進行内面全反射，而轉換為從導光板31 之背面31b朝向螢光體片38射出之藍色面狀光的照明光。 如上所述，由於從導光板31朝後方射出之照明光的 一部分係用於螢光體37的激勵光，因此螢光體片38會放 射綠色的光。另一方面，剩餘之藍色照明光，會在配置於 螢光體片38表面之螢光體37、或配置於螢光體片38背面 的光擴散反射片36朝+Z軸方向擴散並反射。屬於第1面 狀光之藍色照明光及屬於第2面狀光之綠色照明光係混色 而成為藍綠色照明光而朝向液晶顯示元件10射出。 依據上述實施形態3之面狀光源301，與實施形態2 之面狀光源300相同，可以良好效率將屬於激勵光之藍色 的光轉換為綠色的光，並且可抑制因為螢光體之溫度上升 49 323362 201222098 所導致之可靠性的降低及發光效率的降低。 如前所述，疊層於導光板31之+Z軸方向側的導光板 41、42係具有在由透明構件所形成之板狀構件的背面具有 同樣由透明構件所形成之微細光學兀件41d、42d的構造。 因此，從導光板31之前面射出之藍綠色的照明光，於穿透 導光板41、42時，不易受到吸收、反射等之光學性影響。 因此，抑制從導光板31之前面照射之藍綠色之照明光的光 損失’且可以良好效率利用作為照明液晶顯示元件10的照 明光。 藍綠色照明光、與從導光板41、42射出之紅色照明 光DLa、DLb係混色而形成白色照明光。光源群32Ga、32Gb 係例如由用以射出在450nm附近具有峰值之藍色光線的光 源所構成。此藍色光線的一部分’係被用來作為激勵在 530nm附近具有峰值之螢光體片38之螢光體37的光，並 且亦用來作為照明液晶顯示元件10之藍色照明光。用以產 生藍綠色照明光之光源群32Ga、32Gb及螢光體片38，例 如亦可以光源群32Ga、32Gb為激勵光源，且以螢光體片 38之螢光體37來發出藍色及綠色的構成。 如上所述，依據實施形態3之液晶顯示裝置1〇3，藉 由採用單色性優異的雷射光源、LED及單色螢光體作為光 源”可提供顏色再現範圍廣泛的色彩鮮明的圖像。在實施 形態3中，尤其在人類對於色差靈敏度最高之紅色的光 源’採用顏色純度極高的雷射。在直接發光的LED或雷射 中’綠色發光效率較低。因此，在綠色光源中採用發光效 50 323362 201222098 ‘ 的螢紐。此外，藉由在藍色光源中採用發光效率高 的LED ’可獲得既可達成低消耗電力又可達成鮮明之色彩 呈現的液晶顯示襄置。 再者’由於本實施形態之液晶顯示裝置103相對於光 ^曰向性不同的各光源具備適於該各光源擴散光的光學構 造’因此可提供經抑制亮度分布不均的圖像。更詳而言之， 從包括有發出具有指向性之LED之光源群32Ga、32Gb的 光’係藉由導光板31之厚度與螢光體片38的光擴散反射 構造而擴散。從包括指向性較LED高之雷射光源之光源群 40Ga、40Gb發出的光，係藉由具有有效圖像顯示區域之 大約一半的光學距離的光傳遞部pa、pb而擴散。藉由上 述構成，在不將液晶顯示裝置1〇3大型化下，可實現充分 擴散具有指向性的光，且進行抑制亮度分布不均之高晝質 之圖像顯示的液晶顯示裝置。 依據實施形‘態3，例如，可藉由控制部來個別控制各 光源驅動部，來調整從導光板41、42射出之紅色照明光 DLa、DLb的亮度、及從導光板31射出之藍綠色照明光之 亮度的比例。因此，亦可依據對於影像信號所需之各色亮 度的比例來調整各面狀光源的以量，藉絲實現低消耗 電力化。此外，螢光體片38身t出之綠色光的強度，相對於 藍綠色照明光的強度，係以z軸方向之螢光體37的厚度、 或微細光學元件3U1相對於X_Y平面之空間上的粗密來調 整。 如實施形態3所示，將複數個面狀光源3〇1、4〇〇a、 323362 51 201222098 • 4〇〇b中，包含亮度高之綠色光的面狀光源301配置於距液 晶顯示元件1 〇最遠的位置。此配置係抑制漫射光的影響來 抑制漫射光成為原因的亮度分布不均，而謀求液晶顯示元 件10之顯示不均的降低及對比的提升。 此外，藉由將發出綠色光之面狀光源301配置於距液 晶顯示元件10最遠的位置，即使在面狀光源中因為漫射光 而有亮度高的部分時，也可藉由穿透其他導光板41、42 或微細光學元件41d、42d時之光的折射等所產生的擴散及 發散而降低亮度分布不均。此外，由於照明光到達液晶顯 示元件10為止有一定的距離，因此藉由光的發散角亦可抑 制亮度分布不均。另外，所謂漫射光係指因為正規反射或 折射以外之原因之内面反射所產生之非期待的光。 習知光源係使用螢光燈，而將液晶顯示元件10具有 之彩色濾光片之穿透波長設定為較窄來提高顏色純度時， 若使用螢光燈，則會因為彩色濾光片而增加光的損失，而 降低圖像的亮度。另一方面，在實施形態3中，由於係提 高雷射光源、LED光源及螢光體的單色性來提升顏色純 度，因此可減少光的損失，抑制明亮度的降低，且為低消 耗電力，且可提高顏色純度。 實施形態3中之疊層複數個面狀光源301、400a、400b 而構成的背光單元5C，在其+Z軸方向侧之上層側所具備 的導光板41、42、或設於該等導光板41、42之微細光學 元件41d、42d均為由透明構件所構成。因此，從配置於較 該等構件為-Z軸方向侧之下層側之導光板31之前面射出 52 323362 201222098 的照明光，雖係射入於上層側之導光板41、42的背面，惟 該照明光會穿透上層側之導光板41、42或微細光學元件 41d、42d，因此可抑制來自下層侧之照明光的損失，而獲 得高度光利用效率。 另外，在實施形態3中，雖係採用在640nm具有峰值 波長之紅色雷射光源於構成光源群40Ga、40Gb之光源 40a、40b，惟本發明不限定於此。例如，亦可採用波長不 同之紅色雷射光源、或是射出藍色、綠色之可視單色光之 雷射光源。此時，從導光板31之前面射出之照明光的顏 色，係以具有與該等雷射光源之發光色形成補色關係的顏 色之方式構成。 (實施形態4) 第16圖係為顯示本發明之實施形態4之穿透型顯示 裝置之液晶顯示裝置104之構成的示意構成圖。實施形態 1之液晶顯示裝置101係具備光學片12，相對於此，實施 形態4之液晶顯示裝置104則不具備光學片12。在第16 圖中，對於與實施形態1中所說明之液晶顯示裝置101之 構成要素相同的構成要素，賦予相同符號，且省略其說明。 如第16圖所示，液晶顯示裝置104係具備穿透型液 晶顯示元件10、屬於第1光學片之光學片11、及背光單元 5A，此等構成要素10、11、5A係朝Z軸方向疊層排列。 本實施形態之背光單元5A係由光源群20Ga、20Gb、導光 板21、及光擴散反射片26所構成。因此，本實施形態之 背光單元5A，係與實施形態1之背光單元5A相同。 53 323362 201222098 上述實施形態1之液晶顯示裝置101所具備之光學片 12的主要功能，係抑制從背光單元射出之照明光之亮度分 布不均。在習知之液晶顯示裝置中，一般係以抑制亮度分 布不均為目的而具備有光學片。相對於此，實施形態4之 液晶顯示裝置104，並未具備光學片12。此係由於本實施 形態之背光單元5A，相較於習知之背光單元可射出面内之 空間亮度分布之均勻性優異之面狀光之故。 之所以可從背光單元5A射出空間亮度分布之均勻性 優異之面狀光，如前所述，係基於以下理由。在背光單元 5A中，從光源群2〇Ga、20Gb射出之光線ILa、ILb係成 為面狀照明光BLa、BLb而從導光板21之背面21b，朝向 該導光板21之背面（與液晶顯示元件10相反侧、-Z軸方 向）側所具備之光擴散反射片26射出。照明光BLa、BLb 係在光擴散反射片26擴散並反射，而成為朝向+Z軸方向 的照明光，並穿透導光板21而從導光板21表面射出。朝 +Z軸方向行進的照明光BLa、BLb，係於從導光板21表 面射出時’會由於導光板21所具備之微細光學元件21d、 • ··、21d的折射作用而進一步擴散。因此，從光源群 2〇Gb射出之光線ILa、ILb，直到從導光板21表面射出為 止，會傳遞於至少相當於導光板之厚度2倍的光學距離。 因此，直到從導光板21表面射出為止，可一面抑制背光單 元5A的大小一面確保光線因自身的發散角而擴散的光學 距離。 此外，光線ILa、ILb係藉由微細光學元件21d、· · 54 323362 201222098 •、21d之光學作用而成為屬於面狀光的照明光BLa、 BLb。照明光BLa、BLb係在至從導光板21表面射出的光 程中藉由光擴散反射片26而擴散並反射。藉由此光擴散作 用，即使在導光板21之光入射端附近或其他位置，照明光 BLa、BLb也會在X-Y平面擴散且於空間上重疊之後從導 光板21表面射出。此外，如上所述，照明光BLa、BLb 從導光板21表面射出時，會由於微細光學元件2id、· · •、21d的折射作用而進一步擴散。藉由此等擴散作用， 從背光單元5A射出之照明光BLa、BLb的面内亮度分布 即具有優異的均勻性。 因此’在實施形態4之液晶顯示裝置1〇4中，不需為 了提高面狀光之面内亮度分布之均勻性所具備的光學片 12 ’可提供無亮度不均的圖像。因此，可減少零件數量， 且獲得成本降低及組裝程序簡易化等的效果。 在本實施形態之液晶顯示裝置1〇4中，用以獲得上述 光擴散作用之構造為沿著圖像之顯示面1〇f 之法線方向， 亦即與顯示面l〇f之面垂直的方向設置。此外，利用導光 板21之厚度與光的反射光程，朝背光單元5A之厚度方向 以良好效率設置帛以供域散的光程。目此，背光單元5A 在液日日顯不το件10之顯示面1〇f之面内方向（X-Y平面的 Φ内方向）中不大型化下即可將屬於包圍圖像顯示部分之 框體h之邊框見度作成較窄的設計，此外，可抑制從背 光單元5A射出之照明光的亮度分布不均。 如上所述，實施形態4之液晶顯示裝置1〇4在不需要 55 323362 201222098 光學片12下，即可以簡易且小型的構成，來提供經抑制亮 度分布不均的高晝質圖像。 (實施形態5) 接著說明本發明之實施形態5。實施形態5係將實施 形態4之構成應用於實施形態2者。第17圖係為顯示實施 形態5之液晶顯示裝置105之構成的示意構成圖。上述實 施形態2之液晶顯示裝置102係具備光學片12，相對於 此，實施形態5之液晶顯示裝置105則不具備光學片12。 在第17圖中，對於與實施形態2中所說明之液晶顯示裝置 102的構成要素相同的構成要素，賦予相同符號，且省略 其說明。 如第17圖所示，液晶顯示裝置105係具備穿透型液 晶顯示元件10、屬於第1光學片之光學片11、及背光單元 5B，此等構成要素10、11、5B係朝Z軸方向疊層配置。 背光單元5B係由光源群32Ga、32Gb、導光板31、及將發 出綠色光之螢光體37塗布於光擴散反射片36之螢光體片 38所構成。換言之，螢光體片38係由光擴散反射片36與 螢光體37所構成。光源群32Ga、32Gb係將射出藍色單色 光之LED與射出紅色單色光之LED朝Y軸方向以一定間 隔交替排列。螢光體片38係吸收藍色LED的光而發出綠 色光。因此，本實施形態之背光單元5B，係與上述實施形 態2之背光單元5B相同。 本實施形態之導光板31係具有與上述實施形態2之 導光板31相同的構造。因此，導光板31係對於從光源群 56 323362 201222098 32Ga、32Gb射出之光線ilc、iLd具有同樣作用。從光源 群32Ga、32Gb射出之光線ilc、ILd係傳遞於導光板31 内。此時’紅色光與藍色光係混合，而光線ILc、ILd係成 為經混色的光線。光線ILc、ILd係藉由形成於導光板31 之+Z軸方向之面的微細光學元件3ld、· · ·、31d而轉 換為朝向-Z軸方向之照明光BLc、BLd。照明光BLc、BLd 係為藍色光線BL與紅色光線rL混色之第1面狀光。照明 光BLc、BLd係從導光板31之-Z軸方向側之面31b朝向 螢光體片38射出。 朝向螢光體片38射出之照明光BLc、BLd，其藍色光 線BL之一部分係用來作為構成螢光體片38之螢光體37 的激勵光’且從螢光體片38射出綠色照明光FL。此綠色 照明光FL係為第2面狀光。另外，所謂激勵光係為用於 螢光體37之激勵的光。 照明光BLc、BLd係在配置於螢光體片38之+2：軸方 向側之螢光體37的表面或在配置於螢光體片38之軸方 向側之光擴散反射片36擴散並反射。此反射的照明光 BLc、BLd，係成為未用於螢光體37之澈勵的藍色光線BL 與紅色光線RL混色的光，且作為第1面狀光（照明光 BLc、BLd)而從螢光體片38朝+Z軸方向射出。由此藍色 光線BL與紅色光線RL所構成之第1面狀光（照明光 BLc、BLd)係與從螢光體片38之螢光體37射出之綠色第 2面狀光（照明光FL )混合而成為白色照明光而朝轴 方向射出。從螢光體片38之螢光體37射出之光線FL之 57 323362 201222098 中朝-Z軸方向射出的光線，係在光擴散反射片36朝+Z軸 方向擴散並反射。 依據實施形態5之液晶顯示裝置105，藍色及紅色光 線，係從導光板31朝-Z軸方向射出，且在螢光體片38之 螢光體37之表面或光擴散反射片36之反射面擴散並反 射，而再度返回導光板31。該光線係往返傳遞於沿著液晶 顯示元件10之圖像顯示面10f之法線方向所設的光程，且 在螢光體片38擴散，因此從背光單元5B射出之照明光的 面内亮度分布係具有優異的均勻性。 此外，從螢光體37放射之綠色光並不具有指向性， 因此縱使不均勻之藍色光射入於螢光體37時，照明光FL 也會成為面内亮度分布均勻之綠色面狀光而從螢光體37 射出。由該藍色與紅色所構成之第1面狀光（照明光BLc、 BLd)與綠色第2面狀光（照明光FL)係混色而成為面内 亮度分布均勻之白色的第3面狀光（照明光ML)來照明 液晶顯示元件10。因此，實施形態5之液晶顯示裝置105 係可藉由簡易且小型的構成，來提供經抑制亮度分布不均 的良好圖像。 在實施形態5之液晶顯示裝置105中，用以獲得上述 光擴散作用之構造為沿著圖像之顯示面l〇f之法線方向， 亦即與顯示面l〇f之面垂直的方向設置。此外，利用導光 板31之厚度與光的反射光程，朝背光單元5B之厚度方向 以良好效率設置用以供光擴散的光程。因此，背光單元5B 在液晶顯示元件10之顯示面1 Of之面内方向（X-Y平面的 58 323362 201222098 ^ 面内方向）_不大型化下即可將屬於包圍圖像顯示部分之 框體部分之邊框寬度作成較窄的設計，此外，可抑制從背 光單元5B射出之照明光的亮度分布不均。 如上所述，實施形態5之液晶顯示裝置1〇5在不需要 光學片12下，即可以簡易且小型的構成，來提供經抑制亮 度分布不均的高晝質圖像。 以上係參照圖示說明本發明之各種實施形態。上述實 施形態1至5係適用於產生面内亮度分布均勻之照明光之 背光單元（面光源裝置）及液晶顯示裝置，可實現抑制亮 度分布不均而提升可靠性之液晶顯示裴置。 在上述實施形態1至5中，雖使用顯示r平行」或「垂 直」等之零件間之位置關係或零件形狀的用語，惟此等係 包括考慮製造上公差或組裝上之參差不齊等的範圍。因 此，即使在申請專利範圍中未記載「大致」時，仍包括考 慮製造上公差或組裝上之參差不齊等的範圍。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係為顯示本發明之實施形態液晶顯示裝置 之構成的示意圖。 第2圖係為本發明之實施形態1之液晶顯示裝置之面 狀光源的概略圖。 第3圖係為形成於實施形態1之導光板之前面之微細 光學元件的概略剖面圖。 第4圖係為概略顯示實施形態1之光學片之構造之一 例的斜視圖。 323362 59 201222098 第5圖係為顯示本發明之實施形態2之液晶顯示裝置 之構成的示意圖。 第6圖係為本發明之實施形態2之液晶顯示裝置之面 狀光源的概略圖。 第7圖係為顯示本發明之實施形.態3之液晶顯示裝置 之構成的示意圖。 第8圖係為顯示實施形態3之液晶顯示裝置之面狀光 源之概略構成圖。 第9圖係為顯示實施形態3之液晶顯示裝置之另一面 狀光源之概略構成圖。 第10圖係為顯示實施形態3之液晶顯示裝置之再另 一面狀光源的概略構成圖。 第11圖係為說明從本發明之實施形態3之液晶顯示裝 置之相鄰之2個光源射出之光線傳遞於導光板内而成為線 狀光源的概念圖。 第12圖係為顯示從本發明之實施形態3之液晶顯示 裝置之背光單元射出之照明光在X轴方向之1維亮度分布 之模擬結果的特性圖。 第13圖係為顯示從本發明之實施形態3之液晶顯示 裝置之背光單元射出之照明光之面内亮度分布之測量結果 的特性圖。 第14圖係為顯不本發明之實施形態3之液晶顯示裝 置中之雷射光線之光程的概念圖。 第15圖係為顯示本發明之實施形態3之液晶顯示裝 60 323362 201222098 置之傳遞於光傳遞部之雷射光線之1維亮度分布的特性 圖。 第16圖係為顯示本發明之實施形態4之液晶顯示裝 置之構成的示意圖。 第17圖係為顯示本發明之實施形態5之液晶顯示裝 置之構成的示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 5A、5B、5C 10 10b、31b 10f 11、12 lip 背光單元 液晶顯不元件 背面 顯示面 光學片 凸狀部 20、30、30a、30b、40a、40b 光源 20Ga、20Gb、30Ga、30Gb、40Ga、40Gb 光源群 21、31、41、42 導光板 21b 背面 21ea、21eb、31ea、31eb、41ea、42eb 光入射端面 21d、31d、41d、42d 微細光學元件 26 光擴散反射片 34、44、BL、ILa、ILb、RL 光線 36 光擴散反射片 37 螢光體 螢光體片 61 323362 38 201222098 50、51、52、80q、81q、82q 1維亮度分布 60、61、62 亮度分布 80、81 雷射光源 80a、81a 光軸 80p 、 81p 雷射光線 101 、 102 、 103 、 104 、 105 液晶顯示裝置 200、300、301、400a、400b 面狀光源 BLa、BLb、BLc、BLd、DL、DLa、DLb、FL、ML 照明光 d、f 距離 L 峰值亮度 Pa ' Pb 光傳遞部 Ra、Rb 光學元件部 X 光學距離 62 323362The distance f is the distance of the exiting end face I of the laser light source 8G, 81, and the half angle of the divergence angle of the light emitted from the laser light sources 8〇, 81 in the Χ·Υ (4) It is a half value half angle of the divergence angle of the light rays 80ρ, 81ρ transmitted in the light guide plate ^ in the χ-γ plane. Tian Wei is half-valued half θ in the light guide plate 41, which is always defined. Thousands of hearts are derived from the following equation (1) [Expression 2] β = Sin — • sina (2) In the equation (2), the laser light source 8〇, 8 lines are incident on the light guide plate仏The previously transmitted layer == 323362 43 201222098 is ηι 'The refractive index of the light guide plate 41 is set to n2. Here, the light-emitting areas of the laser light sources 80, 81 are much smaller than the distance d between the light-emitting points of the laser light sources 8A, 81, and therefore the size is ignored. The above equations (1) and (2) are used to define the luminance distribution of the laser beam 80p and the laser beam 8 lp in the γ-axis direction, in order to have the optical axes 8〇a, 81a existing in the respective X-axis directions. One of the ♦values of brightness is one of the half-brightness positions with the optical distance X required for the intersection. The laser light 80p and the laser light 81p have the same angular redundancy as each other, and have an angular luminance distribution symmetrical with the respective optical axes 8〇a, 81a, and thus are transmitted to the equation (1) and the number ( 2) When the optical distance X is specified, as shown in Fig. 15, the laser light is obtained in the middle point (Y=y2) of the point (Y=y〇, yl) having the peak shell degree L, respectively. L/2. By the specific laser beam, the brightness of the 8 ip overlap 'intermediate point (γ = y2) becomes L. Conventionally, there is an optical axis 80a existing between the optical axis 80a of the laser beam 80p and the optical axis 8ia of the laser beam 81p with respect to the bright portion of the bright portion existing on the optical axes 80a, 81a of the laser rays 8?p, 81p. The dark portion of the dark portion between them causes unevenness in luminance distribution in the γ-axis direction. However, by setting the optical distance X defined in the equations (1) and (2), between the laser light 8〇p and the formed bright portion (Y==y〇, ^) The bright part (Y=y2) having the same brightness as the above is added. Further, the luminance distribution between the bright portions (Y = y0' yl) is simultaneously averaged, so that linear light having high uniformity can be produced. As described above, the laser light transmitting portions 323362 44 201222098 can suppress the size of the light transmitting portion Pa by the laser light 80p, 81p transmitted to the light transmitting portion 具 having the optical distance 定义 defined by the equations (1) and (2). At the very least, linear light having a uniform luminance distribution in the Y-axis direction can be generated. The fine optical element 41d is provided in a region from the end portion of the light transmitting portion Pa in the +axis direction to the end portion of the light guide plate 41 in the +X axis direction, and the fine optical element 41d is disposed in the direction toward the +X axis. Formed from the continuous change to the dense. The structure and characteristics of the fine optical element 41d are as described above. The light ray ILe emitted from the light sources 80 and 81 and transmitted to the light transmitting portion Pa when the length in the X-axis direction is the optical distance X is after the alignment direction of the light sources 80 and 81 in the Y-axis direction becomes uniform linear light. The planar light (illumination light DLa) which is incident on the optical element portion Ra and which has a uniform in-plane luminance distribution illuminates the liquid crystal display element 10. Here, although the light guide plate 41 has been described, the light guide plate 42 is similarly provided with the light transmission portions Pb satisfying the equations (1) and (2), and the light ray ILf is linear light having high uniformity. The liquid crystal display element 10 is illuminated by being incident on the optical element portion Rb in which the fine optical element 42d is formed, and is a uniform planar light (illumination light DLb) having an in-plane luminance distribution. The planar light sources 400a and 400b each having the light guide plate 41 and the light guide plate 42 are planar light sources having a high uniformity in-plane luminance distribution. The illumination light made by the planar light sources 400a, 400b suppresses unevenness in luminance distribution. Therefore, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal display device 103 which is high in enamel which suppresses display unevenness. As described above, by setting the length of the light transmitting portions Pa and Pb in the X-axis direction to the optical distance X defined by the above equations (1) and (2), 45 323362 201222098, high uniformity can be produced. A planar light source with a brightness distribution in the surface. Further, by setting the optical distance to be longer than X defined by the above formula (1) and the formula (2), the uniformity of the luminance distribution can be further improved. The above is a specific example of the configuration and operation of the light guide plates 41 and 42. In the present embodiment, the light transmitting portions Pa, Pb' for the region required to convert the laser beam emitted from the laser light source of the point source into linear laser light are provided in correspondence with the effective image display region. Within the area. Thereby, the optical distance of the laser light transmission can be ensured, and the light transmission portion is not required to be disposed around the planar light source portion, so that the area of the backlight device 9 can be compared with the image display plane of the liquid crystal display device 103. The ratio of the area of the (XY plane) is reduced. In other words, it is possible to realize a liquid crystal display device 103 which provides an image of good enamel and narrows the width of the frame surrounding the frame portion of the image display portion. Further, since the light transmitting portion is provided with the thickness of the light guide plate, the thickness of the liquid crystal display device 103 can be reduced. As described above, according to the liquid crystal display device 103 of the third embodiment, since the laser light can be sufficiently set, the transmission of the linear laser light spatially overlapping with the other nearby laser light having the divergence angle can be sufficiently provided. The optical distance of the distance, thus producing illumination light with uniform in-plane brightness distribution. Therefore, even when a point light source and a laser light source having high directivity are used in a side light mode or a side light mode light source, a liquid crystal display device capable of displaying a good image with suppressed unevenness in luminance distribution can be provided. Further, in the present embodiment, the effective image display area of the liquid crystal display device 103 is effectively utilized to realize a simple configuration, and the backlight unit 46 323362 is not required to be provided in the effective image display area with respect to the liquid crystal display device 103. 201222098 • 5C is large and implemented. Further, in the present embodiment, the light transmitting portion Pa and the optical element portion Ra are provided in a single light guiding plate 41, and the light transmitting portion Pb and the optical element portion Rb are also provided in the single light guiding plate 42. Therefore, compared with the case where the light-transmitting portion and the optical element portion are formed by individual light guide plates, and these are used in combination, the light loss is small, the light use efficiency is improved, and the number of parts is reduced to improve the assemblability. As described above, the laser light source is used as the light source constituting the planar light sources 4a and 400b, and displays a color having high color purity and is driven by low power consumption. Further, by virtue of its high directivity, the light coupling efficiency to the light guide plates 41 and 42 can be improved, and the thickness of the light guide plates 41 and 42 can be reduced. In the present embodiment, the plurality of planar light sources 400a and 400b have the same characteristics, but the present invention is not limited thereto. As described above, in the third embodiment, the illumination light emitted from the plurality of planar light sources 301, 400a, and 400b is added to the χ_γ plane to achieve uniform in-plane luminance distribution and bright light. As long as this can be achieved, the in-plane luminance distribution of the illumination light emitted from a plurality of planar light sources can be different. Further, in the present embodiment, the laser light source and the planar light sources 4A and 4B are laminated, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described reasons. As long as the plurality of planar light sources are emitted 2*, and the bright light is added to the Χ·γ plane to generate a uniform illumination of 70 pieces of illumination light of the entire liquid crystal display, it is also possible to stack two groups of upper light. The composition of the light source. As described above, the in-plane luminance of each of the planar light sources is as long as the backlight 323362 47 201222098 unit that uniformly emits the in-plane luminance distribution from the plurality of planar light sources is added in the XY plane direction. In addition, although it is possible to form a stack of two sets of upper light sources, the light guide plate of each of the planar light sources is required to have a light transmitting portion in the vicinity of the light incident end surface. Preferably, the light transmitting portion has a space in which the light emitted from the laser light source and the light emitted from the adjacent other laser light sources are spatially overlapped, and the brightness distribution is uniform in the arrangement direction of the laser light source. Further, the light transmitting portion does not have a fine optical element or the like, and the laser light is transmitted while being totally reflected in the light transmitting portion. Therefore, the laser beam transmitted through the optical element portion in which the fine optical element is formed becomes a line. Therefore, the brightness of the illumination light emitted from the surface of the light guide plate toward the back surface l〇b of the liquid crystal display element 10 due to the refraction of the fine optical element is suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal display device which exhibits a high degree of ambiguity with a low degree of unevenness. As long as the above configuration is satisfied, the arrangement interval of the light source or the arrangement direction and angle of the light source incident end face of the laser light source of the light guide plate can be provided. The arrangement method is not limited. Alternatively, the laser light source may be disposed so as to face the end surface of the light guide plate 4. In this case, the light incident end surface of the laser light source can be set. In the end face on the short side of the liquid crystal display element 10, the optical distance of the laser beam is increased with good efficiency, so that illumination light having more uniform in-plane brightness distribution can be easily obtained. Further, according to the present embodiment, The laser light source transmits on the side of the multi-reflection light guide plate with a sufficiently long optical distance, and the plurality of laser light sources are spatially overlapped, and it is also possible to reduce the conventional use of a high-coherence laser light source. In the image display device, the speckle noise of the problem 48 323362 201222098 (because the light interferes with each other and appears on the observation surface of any speckled shape) Further, as described above, the backlight unit 5C includes the light source groups 32Ga and 32Gb, the light guide plate 31, and the phosphor sheet 38. The light source groups 32Ga and 32Gb are respectively opposite to the both end faces of the light guide plate 31 in the X-axis direction. The light incident end faces 31 ea and 31 eb are opposed to each other, and the light beams emitted from the light source groups 32Ga and 32Gb are incident on the light incident end faces 31 ea and 31 eb on both end faces of the light guide plate 31 in the center direction. The light source groups 32Ga and 32Gb are arranged such that a plurality of LED light sources 30a.....30a for emitting blue light having an angular intensity distribution of a blue Berbert distribution are arranged at a constant interval in the Y-axis direction. The light incident on the light guide plate 31 is totally reflected on the inner surface by the fine optical elements 31d.....31d provided on the surface of the light guide plate 31 having the same structure as that of the second embodiment, and is converted into the back surface of the light guide plate 31. 31b is illumination light of blue planar light emitted toward the phosphor sheet 38. As described above, since part of the illumination light emitted backward from the light guide plate 31 is used for the excitation light of the phosphor 37, the phosphor sheet 38 emits green light. On the other hand, the remaining blue illumination light is diffused and reflected in the +Z-axis direction by the phosphor 37 disposed on the surface of the phosphor sheet 38 or the light-diffusing reflection sheet 36 disposed on the back surface of the phosphor sheet 38. . The blue illumination light belonging to the first planar light and the green illumination light belonging to the second planar light are mixed and become blue-green illumination light, and are emitted toward the liquid crystal display element 10. According to the planar light source 301 of the above-described third embodiment, similarly to the planar light source 300 of the second embodiment, the light belonging to the excitation light blue can be converted into green light with good efficiency, and the temperature rise of the phosphor can be suppressed. 49 323362 201222098 Reduced reliability and reduced luminous efficiency. As described above, the light guide plates 41 and 42 laminated on the +Z-axis direction side of the light guide plate 31 have the fine optical element 41d which is also formed of a transparent member on the back surface of the plate-like member formed of the transparent member. , 42d structure. Therefore, the blue-green illumination light emitted from the front surface of the light guide plate 31 is less susceptible to optical influences such as absorption and reflection when the light guide plates 41 and 42 are penetrated. Therefore, the light loss of the cyan illumination light irradiated from the front surface of the light guide plate 31 is suppressed, and the illumination light as the illumination liquid crystal display element 10 can be utilized with good efficiency. The cyan illumination light is mixed with the red illumination lights DLa and DLb emitted from the light guide plates 41 and 42 to form white illumination light. The light source groups 32Ga and 32Gb are constituted, for example, by a light source for emitting blue light having a peak near 450 nm. A portion of the blue light is used as light for exciting the phosphor 37 of the phosphor sheet 38 having a peak near 530 nm, and is also used as the blue illumination light for illuminating the liquid crystal display element 10. For the light source groups 32Ga, 32Gb and the phosphor sheet 38 for generating the cyan illumination light, for example, the light source groups 32Ga and 32Gb may be used as the excitation light source, and the phosphors 37 of the phosphor sheet 38 emit blue and green. Composition. As described above, according to the liquid crystal display device 1A3 of the third embodiment, by using a laser light source, an LED, and a monochromatic phosphor excellent in monochromaticity as a light source, it is possible to provide a vivid image with a wide range of color reproduction. In Embodiment 3, a laser having a very high color purity is used, especially in a red light source having the highest sensitivity to chromatic aberration. In a direct-emitting LED or laser, 'green light emission efficiency is low. Therefore, in a green light source The luminescence effect of 50 323362 201222098 ' is used. In addition, by using LEDs with high luminous efficiency in the blue light source, a liquid crystal display device capable of achieving low power consumption and achieving vivid color expression can be obtained. In the liquid crystal display device 103 of the present embodiment, each of the light sources having different light transmittances is provided with an optical structure suitable for diffusing light from the respective light sources. Therefore, it is possible to provide an image in which unevenness in luminance distribution is suppressed. The light from the light source groups 32Ga and 32Gb including the LEDs having directivity is formed by the thickness of the light guide plate 31 and the light diffusion reflection structure of the phosphor sheet 38. The light emitted from the light source groups 40Ga, 40Gb including the laser light source having higher directivity than the LED is diffused by the light transmitting portions pa, pb having an optical distance of about half of the effective image display region. In the above-described configuration, a liquid crystal display device that sufficiently diffuses light having directivity and performs high-quality image display that suppresses unevenness in luminance distribution can be realized without increasing the size of the liquid crystal display device 1〇3. In the state 3, for example, the respective light source driving units can be individually controlled by the control unit to adjust the brightness of the red illumination lights DLa and DLb emitted from the light guide plates 41 and 42 and the brightness of the blue-green illumination light emitted from the light guide plate 31. Therefore, the amount of each planar light source can be adjusted according to the ratio of the brightness of each color required for the image signal, and the power consumption can be reduced by the wire. In addition, the phosphor sheet 38 is green light. The intensity is adjusted with respect to the intensity of the cyan illumination light by the thickness of the phosphor 37 in the z-axis direction or the coarseness of the space of the fine optical element 3U1 with respect to the X_Y plane. Among the plurality of planar light sources 3〇1, 4〇〇a, 323362 51 201222098 • 4〇〇b, the planar light source 301 including green light having a high luminance is disposed at a position farthest from the liquid crystal display element 1 。. The arrangement suppresses the influence of the diffused light to suppress unevenness in luminance distribution due to the diffused light, and reduces display unevenness and contrast of the liquid crystal display element 10. Further, by arranging the planar light source 301 that emits green light At a position farthest from the liquid crystal display element 10, even when there is a portion having a high luminance due to the diffused light in the planar light source, the light can be transmitted through the other light guide plates 41, 42 or the fine optical members 41d, 42d. Diffusion and divergence caused by refraction or the like reduces unevenness in luminance distribution. Further, since the illumination light reaches a certain distance from the liquid crystal display element 10, unevenness in luminance distribution can be suppressed by the divergence angle of the light. Further, the term "diffuse light" refers to undesired light generated by internal reflection due to reasons other than regular reflection or refraction. The conventional light source uses a fluorescent lamp, and when the wavelength of the color filter of the liquid crystal display element 10 is set to be narrow to increase the color purity, if a fluorescent lamp is used, it is increased by the color filter. Loss of light while reducing the brightness of the image. On the other hand, in the third embodiment, since the monochromaticity of the laser light source, the LED light source, and the phosphor is improved to improve the color purity, the loss of light can be reduced, the decrease in brightness can be suppressed, and the power consumption can be reduced. And can improve the color purity. In the backlight unit 5C in which a plurality of planar light sources 301, 400a, and 400b are laminated in the third embodiment, the light guide plates 41 and 42 provided on the upper layer side in the +Z-axis direction side or the light guide plates are provided. The fine optical elements 41d and 42d of 41 and 42 are each composed of a transparent member. Therefore, the illumination light emitted from the front surface of the light guide plate 31 disposed on the lower layer side of the -Z-axis direction side of the member is 52 323362 201222098, and is incident on the back surface of the light guide plates 41 and 42 on the upper layer side. Since the illumination light penetrates the light guide plates 41 and 42 on the upper layer side or the fine optical elements 41d and 42d, the loss of illumination light from the lower layer side can be suppressed, and high light use efficiency can be obtained. Further, in the third embodiment, a red laser light source having a peak wavelength at 640 nm is used for the light sources 40a and 40b constituting the light source groups 40Ga and 40Gb, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, a red laser source having a different wavelength or a laser source emitting blue and green visible monochromatic light may be used. At this time, the color of the illumination light emitted from the front surface of the light guide plate 31 is configured to have a color which is complementary to the luminescent color of the laser light source. (Embodiment 4) FIG. 16 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a configuration of a liquid crystal display device 104 of a transmissive display device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. In the liquid crystal display device 101 of the first embodiment, the optical sheet 12 is provided. On the other hand, the liquid crystal display device 104 of the fourth embodiment does not include the optical sheet 12. In the sixteenth embodiment, the same components as those of the liquid crystal display device 101 described in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their description will be omitted. As shown in Fig. 16, the liquid crystal display device 104 includes a transmissive liquid crystal display element 10, an optical sheet 11 belonging to the first optical sheet, and a backlight unit 5A. These constituent elements 10, 11, and 5A are oriented in the Z-axis direction. Stacked arrangement. The backlight unit 5A of the present embodiment is composed of the light source groups 20Ga and 20Gb, the light guide plate 21, and the light diffusion reflection sheet 26. Therefore, the backlight unit 5A of the present embodiment is the same as the backlight unit 5A of the first embodiment. 53 323362 201222098 The main function of the optical sheet 12 included in the liquid crystal display device 101 of the first embodiment is to suppress the unevenness in luminance distribution of the illumination light emitted from the backlight unit. In a conventional liquid crystal display device, an optical sheet is generally provided for the purpose of suppressing the unevenness in luminance distribution. On the other hand, the liquid crystal display device 104 of the fourth embodiment does not include the optical sheet 12. This is because the backlight unit 5A of the present embodiment is superior to the conventional backlight unit in that it can emit planar light having excellent uniformity in spatial brightness distribution in the plane. The reason why the planar light excellent in the uniformity of the spatial luminance distribution can be emitted from the backlight unit 5A is as follows for the following reasons. In the backlight unit 5A, the light beams ILa and ILb emitted from the light source groups 2A, Ga, and 20Gb are planar illumination lights BLa and BLb, and are directed from the back surface 21b of the light guide plate 21 toward the back surface of the light guide plate 21 (with the liquid crystal display element). The light-diffusing reflection sheet 26 provided on the side of the 10 opposite side and the -Z-axis direction is emitted. The illumination light BLa and BLb are diffused and reflected by the light-diffusing reflection sheet 26, and become illumination light in the +Z-axis direction, and penetrate the light guide plate 21 to be emitted from the surface of the light guide plate 21. The illumination lights BLa and BLb that travel in the +Z-axis direction are further diffused by the refraction of the fine optical elements 21d, ..., 21d provided in the light guide plate 21 when they are emitted from the surface of the light guide plate 21. Therefore, the light beams ILa and ILb emitted from the light source group 2〇Gb are transmitted to the surface of the light guide plate 21, and are transmitted to an optical distance at least twice the thickness of the light guide plate. Therefore, the optical distance at which the light is diffused by the divergence angle of the light can be ensured while suppressing the size of the backlight unit 5A until it is emitted from the surface of the light guide plate 21. Further, the light rays ILa and ILb are the illumination lights BLa and BLb belonging to the planar light by the optical action of the fine optical elements 21d, 5432323201222098, and 21d. The illumination lights BLa and BLb are diffused and reflected by the light diffusion reflection sheet 26 in the optical path emitted from the surface of the light guide plate 21. By this light diffusion effect, even in the vicinity of the light incident end of the light guide plate 21 or at other positions, the illumination lights BLa, BLb are diffused in the X-Y plane and spatially overlapped, and then emitted from the surface of the light guide plate 21. Further, as described above, when the illumination lights BLa and BLb are emitted from the surface of the light guide plate 21, they are further diffused by the refraction of the fine optical elements 2id, ..., 21d. The in-plane luminance distribution of the illumination lights BLa, BLb emitted from the backlight unit 5A by this diffusion action has excellent uniformity. Therefore, in the liquid crystal display device 1A4 of the fourth embodiment, it is not necessary to provide an image having no unevenness in brightness in order to increase the uniformity of the in-plane luminance distribution of the planar light. Therefore, the number of parts can be reduced, and the effects such as cost reduction and assembly procedure can be obtained. In the liquid crystal display device 1A4 of the present embodiment, the structure for obtaining the light diffusion effect is along the normal direction of the display surface 1〇f of the image, that is, perpendicular to the surface of the display surface 10f. Direction setting. Further, by using the thickness of the light guide plate 21 and the reflection optical path of the light, the optical path for the dispersion is set with good efficiency toward the thickness direction of the backlight unit 5A. In this way, the backlight unit 5A can be a frame that surrounds the image display portion without being enlarged in the in-plane direction (in the Φ inner direction of the XY plane) of the display surface 1〇f of the liquid 10 The frame of h is made to have a narrower design, and the unevenness in luminance distribution of the illumination light emitted from the backlight unit 5A can be suppressed. As described above, the liquid crystal display device 1A of the fourth embodiment can provide a high-quality image with suppressed unevenness in luminance distribution without requiring the 55 323362 201222098 optical sheet 12 to be easily and compactly constructed. (Fifth Embodiment) Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the fifth embodiment, the configuration of the fourth embodiment is applied to the second embodiment. Fig. 17 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the configuration of a liquid crystal display device 105 of the fifth embodiment. In the liquid crystal display device 102 of the second embodiment, the optical sheet 12 is provided, and the liquid crystal display device 105 of the fifth embodiment does not include the optical sheet 12. In the ninth embodiment, the same components as those of the liquid crystal display device 102 described in the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. As shown in Fig. 17, the liquid crystal display device 105 includes a transmissive liquid crystal display element 10, an optical sheet 11 belonging to the first optical sheet, and a backlight unit 5B. These constituent elements 10, 11, and 5B are oriented in the Z-axis direction. Laminated configuration. The backlight unit 5B is composed of a light source group 32Ga, 32Gb, a light guide plate 31, and a phosphor sheet 38 that applies a green light-emitting phosphor 37 to the light-diffusing reflection sheet 36. In other words, the phosphor sheet 38 is composed of the light-diffusing reflection sheet 36 and the phosphor 37. The light source groups 32Ga and 32Gb alternately arrange the LEDs that emit blue monochromatic light and the LEDs that emit red monochromatic light in the Y-axis direction at regular intervals. The phosphor sheet 38 absorbs the light of the blue LED to emit green light. Therefore, the backlight unit 5B of the present embodiment is the same as the backlight unit 5B of the above-described second embodiment. The light guide plate 31 of the present embodiment has the same structure as the light guide plate 31 of the second embodiment. Therefore, the light guide plate 31 has the same effect on the light rays ilc, iLd emitted from the light source group 56 323362 201222098 32Ga, 32Gb. The light rays ilc and ILd emitted from the light source groups 32Ga and 32Gb are transmitted to the light guide plate 31. At this time, the red light and the blue light are mixed, and the light rays ILc and ILd are mixed colors. The light beams ILc and ILd are converted into illumination lights BLc and BLd directed in the -Z-axis direction by the fine optical elements 3ld, ..., 31d formed on the surface of the light guide plate 31 in the +Z-axis direction. The illumination lights BLc and BLd are first planar light in which the blue light ray BL and the red light ray rL are mixed. The illumination light BLc and BLd are emitted from the surface 31b on the -Z-axis direction side of the light guide plate 31 toward the phosphor sheet 38. The illumination light BLc, BLd emitted toward the phosphor sheet 38 has a portion of the blue light ray BL used as the excitation light ' constituting the phosphor 37 of the phosphor sheet 38 and emits green illumination from the phosphor sheet 38. Light FL. This green illumination light FL is the second planar light. Further, the excitation light is light for excitation of the phosphor 37. The illumination light BLc and BLd are diffused and reflected on the surface of the phosphor 37 disposed on the +2:axis direction side of the phosphor sheet 38 or the light diffusion reflection sheet 36 disposed on the axial direction side of the phosphor sheet 38. . The reflected illumination light BLc and BLd are light which is not used for the excitation of the blue light ray BL and the red light RL which are not used for the phosphor 37, and is used as the first planar light (illumination light BLc, BLd). The phosphor sheet 38 is emitted in the +Z-axis direction. The first planar light (illumination light BLc, BLd) composed of the blue light ray BL and the red light ray RL and the green second planar light emitted from the phosphor 37 of the phosphor sheet 38 (illumination light FL) It is mixed and becomes white illumination light and is emitted in the axial direction. The light emitted from the light beam FL emitted from the phosphor 37 of the phosphor sheet 38 in the direction of the -Z-axis is diffused and reflected by the light-diffusing reflection sheet 36 in the +Z-axis direction. According to the liquid crystal display device 105 of the fifth embodiment, blue and red light rays are emitted from the light guide plate 31 in the -Z-axis direction, and are reflected on the surface of the phosphor 37 of the phosphor sheet 38 or the light-diffusing reflection sheet 36. The surface diffuses and reflects, and returns to the light guide plate 31 again. This light is transmitted back and forth to the optical path provided along the normal direction of the image display surface 10f of the liquid crystal display element 10, and is diffused in the phosphor sheet 38, so that the in-plane luminance of the illumination light emitted from the backlight unit 5B is obtained. The distribution system has excellent uniformity. Further, since the green light emitted from the phosphor 37 does not have directivity, even if uneven blue light is incident on the phosphor 37, the illumination light FL becomes a green planar light having a uniform in-plane luminance distribution. It is emitted from the phosphor 37. The first planar light (illumination light BLc, BLd) composed of the blue and red colors and the green second planar light (illumination light FL) are mixed to form a white planar light having a uniform in-plane luminance distribution. (illumination light ML) to illuminate the liquid crystal display element 10. Therefore, the liquid crystal display device 105 of the fifth embodiment can provide a good image with suppressed unevenness in luminance distribution by a simple and compact configuration. In the liquid crystal display device 105 of the fifth embodiment, the structure for obtaining the light diffusing effect is set along the normal direction of the display surface lf of the image, that is, the direction perpendicular to the surface of the display surface 10f. . Further, by using the thickness of the light guide plate 31 and the reflection optical path of the light, an optical path for diffusing light is set with good efficiency toward the thickness direction of the backlight unit 5B. Therefore, the backlight unit 5B can be the frame portion surrounding the image display portion without being enlarged in the in-plane direction of the display surface 1 Of the liquid crystal display element 10 (the XY plane is 58 323362 201222098 ^ in-plane direction). The width of the bezel is designed to be narrow, and the unevenness in luminance distribution of the illumination light emitted from the backlight unit 5B can be suppressed. As described above, the liquid crystal display device 1A5 of the fifth embodiment can provide a high-quality image with suppressed unevenness in luminance distribution without requiring the optical sheet 12, that is, a simple and compact configuration. The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings. The above-described Embodiments 1 to 5 are applied to a backlight unit (surface light source device) and a liquid crystal display device which generate illumination light having a uniform in-plane luminance distribution, and can realize a liquid crystal display device which suppresses unevenness in luminance distribution and improves reliability. In the above-described first to fifth embodiments, the terminology of the positional relationship between the parts such as r parallel or "vertical" or the shape of the part is used, but these include consideration of manufacturing tolerances or unevenness in assembly. range. Therefore, even if "rough" is not described in the scope of application, it includes the range of manufacturing tolerances or unevenness in assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a surface light source of a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a fine optical element formed on the front surface of the light guide plate of the first embodiment. Fig. 4 is a perspective view schematically showing an example of the structure of the optical sheet of the first embodiment. 323362 59 201222098 Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Figure 6 is a schematic view showing a surface light source of a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Fig. 7 is a view showing the configuration of a liquid crystal display device of Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Fig. 8 is a schematic block diagram showing a planar light source of the liquid crystal display device of the third embodiment. Fig. 9 is a schematic block diagram showing another surface light source of the liquid crystal display device of the third embodiment. Fig. 10 is a schematic block diagram showing still another one-side light source of the liquid crystal display device of the third embodiment. Fig. 11 is a conceptual view for explaining that light rays emitted from two adjacent light sources of the liquid crystal display device of the third embodiment of the present invention are transmitted to the light guide plate to form a linear light source. Fig. 12 is a characteristic diagram showing a simulation result of the one-dimensional luminance distribution of the illumination light emitted from the backlight unit of the liquid crystal display device of the third embodiment of the present invention in the X-axis direction. Fig. 13 is a characteristic diagram showing the measurement results of the in-plane luminance distribution of the illumination light emitted from the backlight unit of the liquid crystal display device of the third embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 14 is a conceptual diagram showing the optical path of the laser beam in the liquid crystal display device of the third embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 15 is a characteristic diagram showing the one-dimensional luminance distribution of the laser beam transmitted to the light transmitting portion, which is shown in the liquid crystal display device 60 323362 201222098 of the third embodiment of the present invention. Figure 16 is a schematic view showing the configuration of a liquid crystal display device of Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Figure 17 is a schematic view showing the configuration of a liquid crystal display device of Embodiment 5 of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 5A, 5B, 5C 10 10b, 31b 10f 11, 12 lip backlight unit liquid crystal display element rear display surface optical sheet convex portion 20, 30, 30a, 30b, 40a, 40b light source 20Ga, 20Gb, 30Ga, 30Gb, 40Ga, 40Gb light source group 21, 31, 41, 42 Light guide plate 21b Back surface 21ea, 21eb, 31ea, 31eb, 41ea, 42eb Light incident end faces 21d, 31d, 41d, 42d Fine optical element 26 Light diffusing reflection sheet 34 44, BL, ILA, ILb, RL light 36 light diffusing reflection sheet 37 phosphor phosphor sheet 61 323362 38 201222098 50, 51, 52, 80q, 81q, 82q 1 dimensional brightness distribution 60, 61, 62 brightness distribution 80, 81 laser light source 80a, 81a optical axis 80p, 81p laser light 101, 102, 103, 104, 105 liquid crystal display device 200, 300, 301, 400a, 400b planar light source BLa, BLb, BLc, BLd, DL , DLa, DLb, FL, ML illumination light d, f distance L peak brightness Pa ' Pb light transmission portion Ra, Rb optical element portion X optical distance 62 323362

Claims (1)

201222098 七、申請專利範圍： 1. 一種面光源裝置，係具備： 複數個第1光源，分別射出複數條第1光線； 第1導光板，具有供前述複數條第1光線射入之光 入射端面，並且具有形成有複數個第1光學元件之前 面；及 反射構件，配置成與前述第1導光板之背面相對 向； 前述複數個第1光學元件係使射入於前述光入射 端面之該複數條第1光線朝前述反射構件之方向内面 反射而產生面狀光； 前述反射構件係使從前述第1導光板之前述背面 放射之該面狀光朝前述第1導光板之方向反射； 前述第1導光板係使從前述反射構件射入之該面 狀光穿透而從前述前面放射作為第1照明光。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之面光源裝置，其中，前述 反射構件係使從前述第1導光板之該背面射入之該面 狀光擴散反射。 3. 如申請專利範圍第1或2項所述之面光源裝置，其中， 前述反射構件係具有： 光反射面，使從前述第1導光板之該背面射入之該 面狀光之一部分朝前述第1導光板之方向反射；及 螢光體，配置於前述光反射面上； 前述螢光體係被從前述第1導光板之該背面射入 1 323362 201222098 之該面狀光之另一部分所激勵而放射第2照明光； 前述第1導光板係使從前述反射構件射入之前述 第2照明光混摻於前述第1照明光而放射。 4. 如申請專利範圍第3項所述之面光源裝置，其中，前述 第2照明光係具有與前述第1照明光之峰值（peak)波 長成補色關係的峰值波長。 5. 如申請專利範圍第4項所述之面光源裝置，其中，前述 第2照明光係包含綠色峰值波長的光。 6. 如申請專利範圍第3項所述之面光源裝置，其中，復具 備： 複數個第2光源，分別射出複數條第2光線；及 第2導光板，配置於較前述第1導光板更前方，並 具有供前述複數條第2光線射入之光入射端面並且具 有形成有複數個第2光學元件之背面； 前述複數個第2光學元件係使射入於前述第2導光 板之該光入射端面之該複數條第2光線内面反射而產 生面狀第3照明光； 前述第2導光板係使從前述第1導光板射入之光穿 透而而混摻於前述第3照明光而放射。 7. 如申請專利範圍第6項所述之面光源裝置，其中，前述 第2導光板係具有與在從前述第2導光板之該光入射端 面離開預定距離之範圍内未形成有前述第2光學元件 之區域對應之光傳遞部； 前述光傳遞部係具有使射入於前述第2導光板之 2 323362 201222098 該光入射端面之該複數條第2光線中至少相鄰之光線 在空間上重疊的光學距離。 8. 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之面光源裝置，其中，前述 複數個第2光源係沿著前述第2導光板之該光入射端面 而排列成一列。 9. 如申請專利範圍第7或8項所述之面光源裝置，其中， 復具備： 複數個第3光源，分別射出具有與前述第2光線相 同顏色之複數條第3光線；及 第3導光板，配置於較前述第2導光板更前方，具 有供前述複數條第3光線射入之光入射端面並且具有 形成有複數個第3光學元件之背面； 前述複數個第3光學元件係使射入於前述第3導光 板之該光入射端面之該複數條第3光線内面反射而產 生面狀第4照明光； 前述第3導光板係使從前述第2導光板射入之光穿 透而且混摻於前述第4照明光而放射； 前述第3導光板係具有與在從前述第3導光板之該 光入射端面離開預定距離之範圍内未形成有前述第3 光學元件之區域對應之光傳遞部； 前述苐3導光板之該光傳遞部係具有使射入於前 述第3導光板之該光入射端面之該複數條第3光線中至 少相鄰之光線在空間上重疊的光學距離。 10. 如申請專利範圍第9項所述之面光源裝置，其中，前述 3 323362 201222098 . 複數個第3光源係沿著前述第3導光板之該光入射端面 而排列成一列。 11. 如申請專利範圍第9項所述之面光源裝置，其中，前述 第2導光板之該光傳遞部係形成在相對於前述第丨至第 3導光板之排列方向成為垂直之預定方向的端部側； 前述第3導光板之該光傳遞部係形成在與前述預 定方向相反方向的端部側。 12. 如申請專利範圍第9項所述之面光源裝置，其中，前述 第3照明光與前述第4照明光藉由在空間上重疊而形成 具有大致均勻之光強度分布之照明光。 13. 如申請專利範圍第6項所述之面光源裝置，其中，前述 第3照明光之顏色’係相對於前述第丨照明光與前述第 2照明光混摻之光的顏色成為補色。 14. 如申請專利範圍第6項所述之面光源裝置，其中，前述 第2光線係具有紅色峰值波長。 15. 如申請專利範圍第6項所述之面光源裝置，其中，前述 第2光源係為射出可視單色光之雷射光源。 16. 如申請專利範圍第6項所述之面光源裝置，其中，前述 第1光源係為射出與前述第2光源之發光色不同色之可 視光之發光二極體。 17. 如申請專利範圍第1或2項所述之面光源裝置，其中， 前述複數個第1光源係由白色發光二極體所構成。 18. 如申請專利範圍第3所述之面光源裝置，其中，前述複 數個第1光源係由與前述螢光體之發光色不同而且分 323362 201222098 . 別射出彼此不同色之可視光之2種發光二極體所構成。 19. 一種液晶顯示裝置，係具備： 申請專利範圍第1至18項中任一項所述之面光源 裝置；及 液晶顯示元件’將從前述面光源裝置放射之面狀光 之強度在空間上調變而產生圖像光。 20. 如申請專利範圍第19項所述之液晶顯示裝置，其中， 復具備配置於前述面光源裝置與前述液晶顯示裝置之 間的光學片（sheet); 前述光學片係供從前述面光源裝置放射之面狀光 擴散穿透。 323362 5201222098 VII. Patent application scope: 1. A surface light source device comprising: a plurality of first light sources respectively emitting a plurality of first light rays; and a first light guide plate having light incident end faces for the plurality of first light rays incident thereon And a front surface on which the plurality of first optical elements are formed; and a reflection member disposed to face the back surface of the first light guide plate; wherein the plurality of first optical elements are incident on the plurality of first light elements The first light ray is reflected toward the inner surface of the reflective member to generate planar light, and the reflective member reflects the planar light radiated from the back surface of the first light guide plate toward the first light guide plate; A light guide plate penetrates the planar light incident from the reflection member and radiates the first illumination light from the front surface. 2. The surface light source device according to claim 1, wherein the reflecting member diffuses and reflects the planar light incident from the back surface of the first light guiding plate. 3. The surface light source device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the reflecting member has a light reflecting surface, and a part of the planar light incident from the back surface of the first light guiding plate is directed The first light guide plate is reflected in the direction; and the phosphor is disposed on the light reflecting surface; and the fluorescent system is incident on the back surface of the first light guide plate from another portion of the planar light of 1 323 362 201222098 The second illumination light is emitted by excitation; the first light guide plate is configured to mix the second illumination light incident from the reflection member with the first illumination light and emit the light. 4. The surface light source device according to claim 3, wherein the second illumination light has a peak wavelength that is complementary to a peak wavelength of the first illumination light. 5. The surface light source device according to claim 4, wherein the second illumination light includes light having a green peak wavelength. 6. The surface light source device according to claim 3, further comprising: a plurality of second light sources respectively emitting a plurality of second light rays; and a second light guide plate disposed on the first light guide plate a front side having a light incident end surface on which the plurality of second light rays are incident and having a back surface on which a plurality of second optical elements are formed; and the plurality of second optical elements are configured to enter the light incident on the second light guide plate The plurality of inner surfaces of the second light ray of the incident end surface are reflected to generate planar illuminating light; and the second light guiding plate is configured to penetrate the light incident from the first light guiding plate and blend the light into the third illuminating light. radiation. 7. The surface light source device according to claim 6, wherein the second light guide plate has the second portion not formed within a predetermined distance from the light incident end surface of the second light guide plate. a light transmitting portion corresponding to a region of the optical element; wherein the light transmitting portion has at least adjacent light rays of the plurality of second rays incident on the light incident end surface of the second light guide plate 2 323362 201222098 Optical distance. 8. The surface light source device according to claim 7, wherein the plurality of second light sources are arranged in a line along the light incident end surface of the second light guide plate. 9. The surface light source device according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the plurality of third light sources respectively emit a plurality of third rays having the same color as the second rays; and a third guide The light plate is disposed further forward than the second light guide plate, and has a light incident end surface into which the plurality of third light rays are incident and has a back surface on which a plurality of third optical elements are formed; and the plurality of third optical elements are emitted The plurality of third light rays are incident on the inner surface of the light incident end surface of the third light guide plate to generate planar fourth illumination light; and the third light guide plate penetrates light incident from the second light guide plate The third light guide plate is irradiated with the fourth illumination light, and the third light guide plate has light corresponding to a region where the third optical element is not formed within a predetermined distance from the light incident end surface of the third light guide plate. The light transmitting portion of the light guide plate of the third light guide plate has an optical distance for spatially overlapping at least adjacent light rays of the plurality of third light rays incident on the light incident end surface of the third light guide plate10. The surface light source device according to claim 9, wherein the plurality of third light sources are arranged in a line along the light incident end surface of the third light guide plate. The surface light source device according to claim 9, wherein the light transmitting portion of the second light guiding plate is formed in a predetermined direction perpendicular to an arrangement direction of the second to third light guiding plates. The end portion side; the light transmitting portion of the third light guide plate is formed on an end portion side opposite to the predetermined direction. 12. The surface light source device according to claim 9, wherein the third illumination light and the fourth illumination light are spatially overlapped to form illumination light having a substantially uniform light intensity distribution. The surface light source device according to claim 6, wherein the color of the third illumination light is complementary to the color of the light mixed with the second illumination light and the second illumination light. 14. The surface light source device of claim 6, wherein the second light source has a red peak wavelength. The surface light source device according to claim 6, wherein the second light source is a laser light source that emits visible monochromatic light. The surface light source device according to claim 6, wherein the first light source is a light-emitting diode that emits visible light of a color different from that of the second light source. The surface light source device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the plurality of first light sources are composed of white light-emitting diodes. 18. The surface light source device according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of first light sources are different from the luminescent color of the phosphor and are divided into 323362 201222098. Two kinds of visible light of different colors are emitted. It is composed of a light-emitting diode. A liquid crystal display device comprising: the surface light source device according to any one of claims 1 to 18; and the liquid crystal display element ' spatially modulating the intensity of the planar light radiated from the surface light source device It changes to produce image light. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 19, further comprising: an optical sheet disposed between the surface light source device and the liquid crystal display device; wherein the optical sheet is supplied from the surface light source device Radiation of the planar light diffuses through. 323362 5
TW100127168A 2010-08-03 2011-08-01 Surface light source and LCD TW201222098A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2010174561 2010-08-03
PCT/JP2011/004150 WO2012017613A1 (en) 2010-08-03 2011-07-22 Surface light-source apparatus and liquid crystal display apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
TW201222098A true TW201222098A (en) 2012-06-01

Family

ID=45559138

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
TW100127168A TW201222098A (en) 2010-08-03 2011-08-01 Surface light source and LCD

Country Status (3)

Country Link
JP (1) JPWO2012017613A1 (en)
TW (1) TW201222098A (en)
WO (1) WO2012017613A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105182606A (en) * 2015-08-18 2015-12-23 友达光电股份有限公司 Display device

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5460893B2 (en) 2011-02-15 2014-04-02 三菱電機株式会社 Angular intensity distribution shaping member and surface light source device
JP2013229174A (en) * 2012-04-25 2013-11-07 Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corp Solid-state lighting device
JP5931199B2 (en) * 2012-07-31 2016-06-08 三菱電機株式会社 Surface light source device and liquid crystal display device
KR101658396B1 (en) 2013-03-21 2016-09-21 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 Display device
JP2015041439A (en) * 2013-08-21 2015-03-02 三菱電機株式会社 LIGHTING DEVICE AND DISPLAY DEVICE HAVING THE SAME
EP2871408A1 (en) * 2013-11-11 2015-05-13 LG Display Co., Ltd. Backlight unit and display device including the same
KR101572165B1 (en) 2014-12-09 2015-11-26 삼성전자 주식회사 Display apparutus and back light unit therein
KR102298922B1 (en) * 2014-12-23 2021-09-07 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 Liquid crystal display device
JP6827965B2 (en) * 2018-01-17 2021-02-10 株式会社ジャパンディスプレイ Display device
CN115712165A (en) * 2021-08-23 2023-02-24 未来（北京）黑科技有限公司 Light guide device, light source device and head-up display

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006073202A (en) * 2004-08-31 2006-03-16 Nichia Chem Ind Ltd Light emitting device
JP2008117879A (en) * 2006-11-02 2008-05-22 Harison Toshiba Lighting Corp Flat light emitting device
JP2008108523A (en) * 2006-10-25 2008-05-08 Seiko Instruments Inc Lighting system, and display device equipped with it
JP4949278B2 (en) * 2008-01-18 2012-06-06 ミネベア株式会社 Surface lighting device
JP4738470B2 (en) * 2008-10-30 2011-08-03 シャープ株式会社 Illumination device and display device including the same
JP5178460B2 (en) * 2008-11-04 2013-04-10 富士フイルム株式会社 Surface lighting device
JP5525537B2 (en) * 2008-11-05 2014-06-18 コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エヌ ヴェ Light emitting device
JP2010152370A (en) * 2010-01-22 2010-07-08 Panasonic Corp Liquid crystal display device

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105182606A (en) * 2015-08-18 2015-12-23 友达光电股份有限公司 Display device
TWI624715B (en) * 2015-08-18 2018-05-21 友達光電股份有限公司 Display device
US10001595B2 (en) 2015-08-18 2018-06-19 Au Optronics Corporation Display device
CN105182606B (en) * 2015-08-18 2019-05-14 友达光电股份有限公司 Display device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2012017613A1 (en) 2012-02-09
JPWO2012017613A1 (en) 2013-09-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
TWI474082B (en) Backlight device and liquid crystal display device
TW201222098A (en) Surface light source and LCD
US8998474B2 (en) Surface light source device and liquid crystal display apparatus
JP5460893B2 (en) Angular intensity distribution shaping member and surface light source device
JP4245014B2 (en) Backlight device, light source device, lens, electronic device and light guide plate
JP5033545B2 (en) Video display device
TWI489180B (en) A planar light source device, and a liquid crystal display device
JP5323274B2 (en) Surface light source device and liquid crystal display device
JP2011238484A (en) Backlight device and liquid crystal display
JP2011228078A (en) Backlight device and liquid crystal display device
US9753213B2 (en) Planar light source device and liquid crystal display apparatus
JP4356095B1 (en) Liquid crystal display device and lighting device
JP2012238462A (en) Light mixing unit, planar light source device and liquid crystal display device
JP2011258458A (en) Backlight device and liquid crystal display device
JP5669210B2 (en) Display device
JP2013025034A (en) Illuminating device and image forming apparatus
TW201113604A (en) Liquid crystal display lighting apparatus
JP2015138613A (en) Surface light source device and liquid crystal display device