TW201202627A - Solid state lamp and bulb - Google Patents

Abstract

Solid state lamps and bulbs comprising different combinations and arrangements of a light source, one or more wavelength conversion materials, regions or layers which are positioned separately or remotely with respect to the light source, and a separate diffuser. These are arranged on a heat sink in a manner that allows for the fabrication of lamps and bulbs that are efficient, reliable and cost effective and can provide an essentially omni-directional emission pattern, even with a light source comprised of a co-planar arrangement of LEDs. Additionally, this arrangement allows aesthetic masking or concealment of the appearance of the conversion regions or layers when the lamp is not illuminated. Various embodiments of the invention may be used to address many of the difficulties associated with utilizing efficient solid state light sources such as LEDs in the fabrication of lamps or bulbs suitable for direct replacement of traditional incandescent bulbs. Embodiments of the invention can be arranged to fit recognized standard size profiles such as those ascribed to commonly used lamps such as incandescent light bulbs, while still providing emission patterns that comply with ENERGY STAR ® standards.

Description

201202627 VI. INSTRUCTIONS OF THE INVENTION: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to solid state lamps and light bulbs, and more particularly to efficient and reliable LED-based lamps capable of producing omnidirectional emission patterns. light bulb. The present application claims the following claims: US Provisional Patent Application No. 61/339, No. 5, filed March 3, 2011, and US Provisional Patent Application No. 3, filed March 3, 2010 61/339, 5 15; US Provisional Patent Application No. 61/386 437, filed September 24, 2011; US Provisional Application No. 61/424,665, filed December 19, 2010 No. 61/424,67 美国 of the US Provisional Application filed on December 19, 2011; US Provisional Patent Application No. 61/434,355, filed January 19, 2011; 2〇11 U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 61/435,326, filed on Jan. 23, 2011; and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/435,759, filed Jan. This application is also a continuation of the application of the following applications and claims the following applications: US Patent Application No. 12/848,825, filed on August 2, 2010, filed on September 24, 2010 U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 12/975,820, filed on Dec. 22, 2010, and U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 13/028,946, filed on Feb. 16, 2011. Incandescent or light bulbs or filament-based lamps or bulbs are commonly used as a source of light for household bites and commercial installations. However, these lamps are extremely inefficient sources of light with up to 95% of their input energy loss, primarily in the form of heat or infrared energy 154501.doc 201202627. A common alternative to incandescent lamps (so-called compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs)) is more efficient at converting electricity to light but requires the use of toxic materials. These toxic materials and their various compounds can cause chronic and acute poisoning and can lead to Environmental pollution. One solution for improving the efficiency of a lamp or bulb is to use a solid state device such as a light emitting diode instead of a gold filament to generate light. Light-emitting diodes typically comprise one or more active layers of a semiconductor material sandwiched between layers of opposite doping type. When a bias voltage is applied to the doped layers, the holes and electrons are injected into the active layer where they recombine to produce light. The light system is self-acting and is emitted from each surface of the LED. In order to use LED chips in circuits or other similar configurations, it is known to encapsulate LED wafers in a package to provide environmental and/or mechanical protection, color selection, light focusing and It is similar. The LED package also includes electrical leads, contacts or traces for electrically connecting the LED package to an external circuit. In a typical LED package 10 illustrated in Figure 1, 'a single LED wafer is soldered by means of solder bonding or conductive epoxy. 12 is mounted on the reflector cup 13. One or more wire bonds 11 connect the ohmic contacts ' of the LED wafer 12 to the wires 15A and/or 15B, which may be attached to or integral with the reflective cup 13. The reflective " cup may be filled with an encapsulant material 16, which may contain a wavelength converting material such as a phosphor. Light emitted by the LED at the first wavelength can be absorbed by the phosphor. The phosphor responsively emits light at the second wavelength. The entire assembly is then encapsulated in a clear protective resin 14 which can be molded into a lens shape to collimate light emitted from the LED wafer 12. 2 shows another embodiment of a conventional LED package comprising a 154501.doc 201202627 mounted to one or more LED wafers 22 on a carrier, such as a printed circuit board (PCB) carrier, substrate or sub- Substrate 23. A metal reflector 24 mounted on the submount 23 surrounds the (etc.) LED wafer 22 and reflects the light emitted by the LED wafer 22 to move the light away from the package 20. The reflector 24 also provides mechanical protection of the LED wafer 22. One or more wire bond connectors 27 are formed between the ohmic contacts on the LED wafer 22 and the electrical traces 25A, 25B on the submount 23. The mounted LED wafer 22 is then covered with an encapsulant 26 which provides environmental and mechanical protection to the wafer while also acting as a lens. Metal reflector 24 is typically attached to the carrier by means of solder or epoxy bonding. LED wafers (such as the LED chips found in LED package 20 of Figure 2) can be coated by a conversion material comprising one or more phosphors, wherein the phosphors absorb at least some of the LED light. The LED wafer can emit light of different wavelengths such that it emits a combination of light from the LED and the phosphor. LED wafers can be coated with phosphors in a number of different ways, one suitable method of which is described in U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 11/656,759, the entire disclosure of The title is "Wafer Level Phosphor Coating Method and Devices Fabricated Utilizing Method." Alternatively, other methods such as electrophoretic deposition (EPD) can be used to coat the LEDs, a suitable EPD method is described in U.S. Patent Application Serial No. ll. No. Lamps utilizing solid state light sources (such as LEDs) incorporating a conversion material have also been developed that are separate from or located at the distal end of the LED. Such a configuration is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 6,350,041, to the name of "High Output Radial Dispersing Lamp Using a Solid State Light Source" by Tarsa et al. The lamp described in this patent can include a solid state light source that transmits light through a splitter to a disperser having a phosphor. The disperser can disperse the light in a desired pattern and/or change the color of the light by converting at least some of the light to a different wavelength via a phosphor or other conversion material. In some embodiments, the separator separates the source from the disperser a sufficient distance such that when the source carries the elevated current necessary for illumination in the room, heat from the source will not be transferred to the disperser. An additional remote phosphor technique is described in U.S. Patent No. 7,614,759, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. One potential disadvantage of having a phosphorescent lamp is that it can have undesirable visual or aesthetic characteristics. For example, when the light does not produce light, the light can have a surface color that is different from the typical white or clear appearance of a standard Edison light bulb. In some examples, the lamp can have a yellow or orange appearance that is primarily produced by a fill material conversion material such as a yellow/green and red phosphor. This appearance can be considered to be undesirable for many applications. In such applications, when the light is not illuminated, it can cause aesthetic problems with surrounding architectural elements. This situation can have a negative impact on the overall acceptance of these types of lamps by consumers. In addition, the "far-end phosphor" can be subject to a conformal or adjacent phosphor configuration that can be conducted in the phosphor layer during the conversion process by conduction or dissipation through the nearby B-plate or substrate surface. Does not "foot heat conduction heat dissipation path. In the absence of an effective heat dissipation path, the thermally isolated distal phosphor 154501.doc 201202627 may be subjected to an operating temperature that may be inferior to comparable conformal in some instances. The temperature in the coated layer. This situation can offset some or all of the benefits achieved by placing the phosphor at the distal end relative to the wafer. In other words, the placement of the remote disc relative to the LED wafer can reduce the direct heat generation of the phosphor layer due to the heat generated in the LED wafer during operation, but the resulting phosphor temperature is reduced. The small amount may be partially or fully attributed to the heat generated in the phosphor layer itself during the light conversion process and the lack of a suitable thermal path to dissipate the heat generated thereby. Another problem affecting the implementation and acceptance of lamps utilizing solid state light sources is related to the nature of the light emitted by the source itself. Angle uniformity (also known as luminous intensity distribution) is also important for solid state light sources that will replace standard incandescent bulbs. The geometric shape relationship between the filament of a standard incandescent bulb and the glass bulb shell, combined with the fact that no electronics or heat sink are required, allows light from an incandescent bulb to illuminate in a relatively omnidirectional pattern. That is, the luminous intensity of the bulb is relatively evenly distributed across the plurality of angles from the top of the bulb to the threaded base in the vertical plane of the vertically oriented bulb. Only the base itself causes significant light obstruction. In order to manufacture efficient lamps or bulbs based on LED light sources (and associated conversion layers), it is often desirable to place the LED wafers or closure devices in a coplanar configuration. This facilitates manufacturing and can reduce manufacturing costs by allowing the use of conventional production equipment and processes. However, coplanar configurations of LED chips typically produce a forward light intensity profile (e.g., a Lambertian profile). Such beam profiles are generally not desirable in applications where solid state lamps or lamps are intended to replace conventional lamps, such as conventional incandescent bulbs, where conventional lamps have a more omnidirectional beam pattern. Although it is possible to install the 15450I.doc 201202627 LED light source or package in a three-dimensional configuration, it is often difficult and expensive to fabricate such configurations. Solid state light sources also typically include electronic circuits and heat sinks that may block light in some directions. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In a particular embodiment, the present invention is directed to a lighting unit that uses a solid state light source that conforms to the shape of an industry standard lighting unit, such as an ai9 incandescent or fluorescent light source, for which the solid state light source is The lighting unit provides specific improved performance characteristics (such as compliance with ENERGY STAR positive performance requirements). Such illumination units can be achieved by using various combinations of solid state light sources (such as light emitting diodes), a wavelength converting material (such as a phosphor), a diffuser element, and a thermal management element. In a particular embodiment, the solid state light sources comprise at least one light emitting diode that emits light of a first wavelength (eg, blue light), and at least one light emitting light that emits light of a second wavelength (eg, red light) Polar body. The wavelength converting material includes a distal wavelength converting element above the solid state light source. The wavelength conversion element includes at least one phosphor that interacts with at least one of the first wavelength of light and the second wavelength of light to generate at least a third wavelength of light (eg, κ light) . The diffuser element is located at the distal end of the wavelength conversion element and is used to produce a more uniform light emission. The thermal management component includes a heat sink unit that provides heat removal and includes a shape that can be mounted within a bulb envelope of a standard incandescent or fluorescent light source, such as a 19 bulb. In a particular embodiment, the present invention provides a lamp and a light bulb that generally comprise different combinations and configurations of: a light source, one or more wavelength converting materials, positioned separately or positioned relative to the light source End 154501.doc 201202627 Multiple zones or layers' and a separate diffusion layer. This configuration allows for the manufacture of efficient, reliable, and cost effective lamps and bulbs, and can provide a substantially omnidirectional emission pattern even where the source is comprised of a coplanar configuration. In addition, this configuration allows the appearance of the transition zones or layers to be obscured or concealed for aesthetics when the lamp is not illuminated. Various embodiments of the present invention can be used to address many of the difficulties associated with utilizing efficient solid state light sources, such as LEDs, in the fabrication of lamps or bulbs suitable for directly replacing conventional incandescent bulbs. Embodiments of the present invention can be configured to accommodate recognized standard sized contours (such as those belonging to conventional lamps (such as incandescent bulbs)) thereby facilitating direct replacement of such bulbs. An embodiment of an illumination device according to the invention comprises a light source on a heat sink. Also included is a diffuser on the heat sink and spaced apart from the light source. A wavelength converting material is included on the Heizhen hot plate and disposed between the light source and the diffuser and spaced apart from the light source and the diffuser. The lamp is configured to be mounted within the A19 bulb housing while emitting a substantially uniform emission pattern. A further embodiment of a lighting device according to the invention comprises a light source on a heat sink. Similar to the above embodiment, a diffuser is included, the diffuser being. The semiconductor heat sink and spaced apart from the light source includes a wavelength converting material on the heat sink and disposed between the light source and the diffuser and spaced apart from the light source and the diffuser. The heat sink comprises a plurality of fins, fins, fins, each of the fins having an angled portion from an angle below the central axis of the illumination device, and an angle to the center axis In part, wherein the illumination device emits a substantially uniform emission pattern of 154501.doc 201202627. The present invention includes a heat sink having a plurality of heat radiating fins and a solid state light source mounted on the heat sink. A phosphor carrier is disposed on the heat sink, above and spaced apart from the light source. Also included is a diffuser on the heat sink, above (4) the light carrier and spaced apart from the optical carrier. The phosphor carrier and the diffuser are substantially frusto-spherical such that the phosphor carrier and the diffuser provide a dual dome structure, wherein the lamp accommodates a standard size profile and emits a substantially uniform emission pattern . The above and other aspects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the description and appended claims. Embodiments 'The embodiments are effective, sinful, and cost effective, and in some embodiments may provide a substantially omnidirectional emission pattern from a direction I" a source of emission (such as a forward emission source). The invention is also directed to A lamp structure using a solid state illuminator and a remote conversion material (or phosphor) and a distal diffusing element or diffuser. In some embodiments, the diffuser not only shields the phosphor from view by the light user, but also disperses or redistributes light from the source of the remote phosphor and/or lamp into the desired emission pattern. In some embodiments, the diffuser dome can be configured to disperse the forward emission pattern into a more omnidirectional pattern that can be used in general lighting applications. The diffuser can be used in embodiments having a two-dimensional and three-dimensional shape of the distal conversion material, having a combination of features capable of converting the forward emission from the LED source to a beam profile comparable to that of a standard incandescent bulb: 1545〇l.doc 201202627 Some embodiments of the beta lamp can have a dome-shaped (or truncated spherical) three-dimensional conversion material (phosphor carrier) above and spaced from the source. A dome shaped diffuser spaced apart from the conversion material and over the conversion material may also be included to cause the lamp to exhibit a dual dome structure. The space between the various structures can include light mixing chambers that not only promote dispersion of lamp emission but also promote color uniformity. The space between the light source and the conversion material and the space between the conversion materials can serve as a light mixing chamber. Other embodiments may include additional conversion materials or diffusers that may form additional mixing chambers. The order of the dome conversion material and the dome shaped diffuser can be varied such that some embodiments can have a diffuser inside the conversion material while the space therebetween forms a light mixing cavity to a configuration that is only a number of the same according to the present invention. A little bit of conversion material and diffuser configuration. Some lamp embodiments in accordance with the present invention may comprise a light source having a coplanar configuration of one or more wafers or packages, wherein the illuminators are mounted on a flat or planar surface. In other embodiments, the (iv) wafers may not be coplanar, such as on a pedestal or other three-dimensional structure. The q-plane light source may reduce the complexity of the illuminator configuration, making it easier and less expensive to manufacture. However, the coplanar light source tends to The main light is illuminated mainly in a different direction (such as according to the Lambertian emission pattern). In various embodiments, it may be desirable to emit a light pattern simulating a conventional incandescent light bulb (4) a light circle t, which is known to have an emission intensity and color uniformity at almost different emission angles at different emission angles (4). The difference of the present invention includes the ability to transform a circular from a non-uniform sentence into a uniform quality across a range of viewing angles. 15450l.doc 12 201202627 In some embodiments, a conversion layer or region can include a phosphor carrier having a thermally conductive material that is at least partially transparent to light from the source and each absorbing from the source Light and emitting at least one spheroidal material of light of different wavelengths. The diffuser can comprise a scattering film/particle and an associated carrier, such as a glass envelope, and can be used to scatter or redirect at least some of the light emitted by the light source and/or the phosphor carrier to provide a desired beam profile. . The properties of the diffuser (such as 'geometry, scattering properties of the scattering layer, surface roughness or smoothness, and spatial distribution of material scattering layer properties) can be used to control various lamp properties, such as color uniformity depending on the viewing angle and Light intensity distribution. By shielding the phosphor carrier and other internal lamp features, the diffuser provides a desired overall lamp appearance when the lamp or bulb is not illuminated. A heat sink structure can be included that is in thermal contact with the source and in thermal contact with the phosphor carrier and other lamp elements to dissipate heat to the surrounding environment. Electronic circuitry may also be included to provide power to the light source and provide other capabilities (such as dimming, etc.), and such circuitry may include components (such as a screw mount, etc.) through which electrical power is applied to the light. Different embodiments of the lamp can have many different shapes and sizes, some of which have dimensions that fit into a standard size bulb housing, such as the A19 size bulb housing 3 shown in Figure 3. This makes the lamp particularly useful as an alternative to conventional incandescent lamps or bulbs and fluorescent lamps or bulbs, wherein the lamp according to the invention enjoys reduced energy consumption and long life provided by its solid state light source. Lamps in accordance with the present invention can also accommodate other types of standard size profiles including, but not limited to, A21 and A23. I54501.doc • 13· 201202627 In some embodiments the light source may comprise a solid state light source, such as a different type of LED, LED wafer or LED package. In some embodiments, a single LED wafer or package can be used, while in other embodiments, multiple LED wafers or packages can be configured in different types of arrays. By thermally isolating the fill film from the led wafer and having good heat dissipation 'the LED chip can be driven by a higher current level' without detrimental effects on the conversion efficiency of the fill and its long-term reliability. This situation may allow over-excitation of the LED wafer to reduce the flexibility of the number of LEDs required to produce the desired luminous flux. This situation in turn reduces the cost of the complexity of the lamp. Such LED packages may include LEDs encapsulated by a material that can withstand elevated luminous flux or may include unencapsulated LEDs. Some LED lamps in accordance with the present invention may have a correlated color temperature (CCT)' from about ΐ2 〇〇 to 3500 K and other LED lamps may emit light having a distribution of the following illuminating intensity from the top of the lamp: at 〇. To 150. The change within the range is not more than 10%. In other embodiments, the lamp can emit light having a distribution of luminous intensity: at zero. To 135. The variation within the range is not more than 20%. In some embodiments, at least 5% of the total flux from the lamp is at 135. To 180. In the district. Other embodiments may emit light having the following luminous intensity distribution: at 〇. Change to no more than 30% within the range of 12〇0. In some embodiments, the LED lamp has a color space uniformity such that the chromaticity changes from a weighted average point by no more than 0.004 as the viewing angle changes. Other lamps meet the operational requirements for luminous efficacy, color space uniformity, light distribution, color rendering index, size, and base type for 60 watt incandescent replacement bulbs. As described in more detail below, an LED lamp in accordance with the present invention can have many different types of illuminators that emit light of a wavelength spectrum other than 154501.doc • 14·201202627. In some embodiments the illumination unit in accordance with the principles of the present invention emits at least three peak wavelengths of light (e.g., blue, yellow, and red). At least a first wavelength is emitted by a solid state light source (such as blue light) and at least a second wavelength is emitted by a wavelength conversion element (e.g., green light and/or yellow light). Depending on the embodiment, a third wavelength of light, such as green and/or red light, can be emitted by the solid state light source and/or wavelength conversion element. In some embodiments, the at least three wavelengths can be emitted by a wavelength converting element or a solid state light source. In some embodiments, the solid state light source can emit light of overlapping, similar or identical wavelengths to the wavelength converting material. For example, a solid state light source can include an LED that emits light (eg, red light) that overlaps or substantially the same wavelength as the light emitted by the phosphor in the wavelength converting material, eg, yellow phosphorescence added to the wavelength converting material. Red phosphor of the body. In some embodiments, the solid state light source comprises at least one additional LED that emits light having at least one different peak light wavelength, and/or the wavelength converting material comprises at least one additional phosphor or lumiphor that emits at least one different peak wavelength. . Thus, the illumination unit emits light having at least four different peak light wavelengths. Depending on the embodiment, the solid state light source can comprise a single string or multiple strings of Led. The wavelength converting element can include a phosphor that is conformally applied as a distinct wavelength converting element to a solid state light source, dispersed over a solid state light source, and/or positioned at a distal end of the solid state light source. For example, a lighting unit using a wavelength converting material coated or applied to individual LEDs in a solid state light source is described in the following application. "van Lamp" is entitled "[ED Lamp with High Color 154501.doc -15· 201202627

U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 12/975, filed on Jan. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No No. No. No. No. No. The wavelength converting element may comprise phosphor particles coated on the inner and/or outer surface of the phosphor support and/or embedded with or integrated with the phosphor support. The diffuser element can include diffuser particles coated on the inner and/or outer surface of the diffuser and/or embedded in or integral with the diffuser. In some embodiments, the diffuser comprises a structure or feature such as abrading or roughening. Depending on the embodiment, different configurations regarding the relationship between the LED light source and the wavelength converting material are possible. In some embodiments, the remote wavelength conversion element covers all of the LED sources. In other embodiments, the remote wavelength conversion component covers some of the LED light sources and does not cover all of the LED light sources. For example, a remote wavelength conversion element covers an LED that emits light of the same or similar wavelength (e.g., blue light), but does not cover other LEDs that emit light of another wavelength (e.g., 'red light'). In some embodiments, at least one first remote wavelength conversion element covers a first set of LEDs and at least one second wavelength conversion element covers a second set of LEDs. Depending on the embodiment, the illumination unit can include LEDs that are optically coupled to the coated wavelength converting material, the dispersed wavelength converting material, and/or the remote wavelength converting material. Other configurations between the LEDs and the wavelength converting material are possible. In some embodiments of the invention, the LED assembly includes an LED package that emits blue light and other LED packages that emit red light. In some embodiments, the LED assembly of the LED lamp comprises an LED array having at least two groups of LEDs. One of the groups will emit light having a dominant wavelength of 154501.doc 16·201202627 with 440 nm to 480 nm when illuminated. And another group will emit light having a dominant wavelength of 605 nm to 63 0 nm when illuminated. The phosphor carrier can be configured to absorb light from one or both of the two wavelength spectra and re-emit light, and the optical carrier can have one or more fills, the one or more Each of the bodies can absorb light and re-emit light of different wavelengths (eg, wavelength down conversion). Some lamp embodiments can include a plurality of LEDs that emit blue and red light' wherein the phosphor carrier comprises a yellow phosphor that absorbs blue light and re-emits yellow or green light, with one portion of the blue light passing through the phosphor carrier. The red light from the (equal) red LED passes through the yellow/green phosphor while undergoing less or no absorption' to cause the lamp to emit a combination of white light of blue, yellow/green and red light. In still other embodiments having a blue LED and a red LED, the phosphor carrier can include a yellow/green phosphor and a red phosphor to aid in the red component of the illumination and to assist in dispersing the LED light. In some embodiments, the LEDs can comprise two groups, with one LED group interconnected in a first series string and another LED group interconnected in a second series string. This situation is only one of many ways in which the LEDs can be interconnected' and it should be understood that the LEDs can be configured in many different combinations of parallel and series interconnections. In some embodiments, a lamp in accordance with the present invention can emit light having a high color rendering index (CRI) such as 8 〇 or higher. In some other embodiments the 'lights can emit light having a CRI of 90 or higher. The lamp can also produce light with a correlated color temperature (CCT) from 2500 K to 3500 K. In other embodiments, the light may have a CCT from 2700 K to 3300 K. In other embodiments 154501.doc -17-201202627, the light may have a CCT from about 2725 K to about 3045 K. In some embodiments, the light can have a CCT of about 2700 K or about 3000 K. In still other embodiments of light tunable, the CCT can be reduced by dimming. In this case, the CCT can be reduced to as low as 1500 K or even as high as 1200 K. In an embodiment, the CCT can be increased by dimming. Depending on the embodiment, other output spectral characteristics can be varied based on dimming. It should be noted that other configurations of LEDs can be used with embodiments of the present invention. The same number of LEDs of each type can be used, and the LED package can be configured with varying patterns. A single led of each type can be used. Additional LEDs that produce extra color light can be used. The CRI of the illumination unit can be increased by using one or more LEDs emitting one or more additional colors and/or wavelength converting materials comprising one or more additional phosphors or luminescent materials. The luminescent material can be used with all LED modules. A single luminescent material can be used with multiple LED dies and multiple LED dies can be included in one, some or all of the LED device packages. A more detailed example of the use of a group of lEDs that emit light of different wavelengths to produce a white light in the continuum can be found in the issued U.S. Patent No. 7,213,940, which is incorporated herein by reference. Some of the lamp embodiments in accordance with the present invention can include the first solid state illuminator group and the first illuminant group of the first luminescent material group including at least one luminescent material. The lamps also include a second group of solid state illuminators, wherein the second group of solid state illuminators includes at least a solid state illuminator and at least a first power line. Each of the solid state illuminators in the first solid state illuminator group and the second solid state illuminator group can be electrically connected to the first power line. Each of the solid state illuminators in the first illuminator group emits light having a dominant wavelength in the range of 430 nm to 480 nm when illuminated by 154501.doc 201202627. Each of the first luminescent material groups, when excited, emits light having a dominant wavelength in the range of from about 555 nm to about 585 nm. Each of the solid state illuminators in the second set of solid state illuminators emits light having a dominant wavelength in the range of 600 nm to 630 nm when illuminated. If a current is applied to the first power line, in the absence of any additional light, a combination of the following will produce a mixture of light having a y, y coordinate on the 1931 CIE chromaticity diagram: (1) from the first solid state Light emitted by the illuminator group leaving the illumination device, (2) light emitted by the first illuminant group exiting the illumination device, and (3) emitted from the second solid state illuminator group leaving the illumination device Light. The coordinates define a point that lies within ten MacAdam ellipses of at least one point on the black body locus on the 丨93丨cie chromaticity diagram. This combination of light also produces a sub-mixture of light having X, 丫 color coordinates. The < 乂 color coordinates define a point on the 1931 CIE chromaticity diagram from the first point, the second point, the third point, the first The first, second, third, fourth and fifth connecting line segments defined by the four points and the fifth point are enclosed. The first point may have an X' y coordinate of 0.32, 〇_4〇, 帛: the point may have x, y coordinates 〇36, 0.48', the third point may have x, y coordinates 〇.43〇45, and the fourth point may have The coordinates are 0.42, 0·42, and the fifth point can have χ, the y coordinate is published, 〇38. The present invention also provides an LED lamp having features of a relative geometry, such as a curry dissipating device or a heat sink, the features of the (4) geometry permitting the lamp emission pattern to be incorporated herein by reference. The "Invitation 1 £5", which was amended on March 22, 2010, is abbreviated to the requirements of {ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements fn τ

The requirements for ments for Integral LED 154501.doc •19· 201202627 /7 ). The relative geometry of 戎 allows the light to linger. To 135. The average value is dispersed within 20 / ,, while the total luminous flux is greater than 135. To 180. In the zone (in 〇., 45. and 9〇. Measurement under azimuth). The relative geometry includes LED assembly mounting width, height, heat dissipation device width, and a unique downward chamfer angle. Combining a spherical phosphor carrier or a reflecting umbrella and a diffuser dome these geometries will disperse the light in accordance with these strict ENERGY STAR 8 requirements. The present invention reduces the surface area required to dissipate thermal energy from LEDs and power electronics' and still allows the lamp to comply with ANSI A19 lamp rims. The present invention also provides a lamp having enhanced emission efficiency wherein some of the lamps in accordance with the present invention emit at a efficiency of 65 lumens per watt (lpw) or more than 65 lumens per watt. In other embodiments, the lamp can illuminate at an efficiency of 8 〇 LPW or more than 8 〇 Lpw. In all of these embodiments, the lamp can emit a more desirable color temperature (eg, '3000 κ or less, or in some embodiments, 2700 Κ or less than 2700 )) and more desirable color renderings. Light with a sex index (eg, 90 or greater than 90 CRI). Some lamp embodiments in accordance with the present invention can emit 7 lumens or more than 7 lumens of light' while other lamp embodiments can emit 750 lumens or greater than 750 lumens of light. Still other lamp embodiments can emit 8 lumens or more than 800 lumens, some of which are emitted below watts or watts. These emissions provide the desired brightness while providing the additional advantage of being able to pass the less stringent regulations (eg, Energy Star 8) for lamps operating at less than 1 〇 W. This situation can result in a light that can be introduced to the market faster. This emission efficiency can be the result of a number of factors, such as: the fin area that maximizes the fin area, and the best amount of light to be blocked. 154501.doc -20· 201202627 Vision optics, and the use of remote conversion materials, The distal conversion material can result in higher performance (8 〇 lumens per watt or greater than 80 lumens per watt) than an illuminator having a conformally coated conversion material. Although embodiments may include an illuminator having a conformal coated wavelength converting material. Thus, embodiments of the lighting unit in accordance with aspects of the present invention can be used to provide an LED-based replacement A-lamp of a standard incandescent 60 watt incandescent bulb that meets the ENERGY STAR 8 performance requirements. Other embodiments may provide LED replacement A-light illumination units for higher wattage incandescent bulbs, such as standard 75 watt or 1 watt incandescent A19 bulbs. In other embodiments, the lighting unit can replace a standard 4 watt wattled incandescent A19 bulb. Other embodiments of the lighting unit in accordance with aspects of the present invention can be used to replace other standard shaped incandescent or fluorescent lamps. Different lamp embodiments may also include components configured to cause the lamp to exhibit a relatively long life. In some embodiments, the lifetime may be 25, 〇〇〇 hours or more than 25,000 hours, while in other embodiments the lifetime may be (10), 〇 (10) hours or 4G, _ hours or more, other implementations, and the lifetime may be 5 〇, 〇〇〇 hours or 50, _ hours or more. Such extended life may be at operating efficiencies (eg, W lumens per watt or 80 lumens per watt and may be at different temperatures (such as, for example, / or 45. 〇. This life may be used in different ways) The first method may be to simply "make the lamps " in their lifetime P until the lamps fail. However, this situation may often require an extended period of time, thereby making the method in a particular situation: actual Another acceptable method is: #Used by the lamp, the oysters are used for the life of the cows. The information is often made from components and is often listed in different operations. Under the conditions (such as temperature) 154501.doc -21 - 201202627 operating life. Can be used to calculate the life of the lamp using known methods. The second acceptable method is to use Operating the lamp under high conditions (such as = south temperature or elevated power or switching signals) to accelerate the lamp. This situation can cause an earlier lamp failure, and then use this data to determine under normal operating conditions according to known methods. Operating life of the lamp Different embodiments of the present invention may also include security features that protect particular electrical features or components from exposure to electrical characteristics or components that may rupture in one or both of the diffuser dome and the spheroidal sphere. These security features may reduce and/or eliminate the risk of electric shock due to contact with such electrical features' and in some embodiments, such security features may include different configurations of electrically insulating materials covering the electrical features .

The present invention provides features and characteristics that allow for long life and efficient operation in a simple and relatively inexpensive configuration. The lamp can be operated with lumens per watt or greater than 80 lumens per watt while still producing 8 turns and CRIe above 80 or 90 and above 90. In some embodiments, this performance can be achieved at less than 10 watts. This situation can be provided in a lamp that has an LED as its light source and a dual dome diffuser and conversion material configuration while still being mounted in an A19 size bulb and emitting a uniform light distribution that meets the requirements of Energy Star 8. . Lights with this configuration can also emit light with temperatures below 3 κ κ and 3 〇〇〇 K or at temperatures below 2700 Κ or 2700 。. The invention is described herein with reference to a particular embodiment, but it is understood that the invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. In particular, the present invention is described below with respect to a particular lamp having one or more LED or LED wafers or LED packages in different configurations, but it should be understood that the invention can be used with many Many other lights of different configurations. The following examples are described with reference to one or more LEDs, but it should be understood that this scenario is intended to encompass LED wafers and LED packages. The components can have different shapes and sizes than those shown and can include a different number of LEDs. It should also be understood that the embodiments described below utilize coplanar light sources' but it should be understood that non-coplanar light sources can also be used. It should also be understood that the LED light source of the lamp may comprise one or more LEDs, and in embodiments having more than one LED, the LEDs may have different emission wavelengths. Similarly, some LEDs may have phosphor layers or regions adjacent or in contact, while other LEDs may have adjacent phosphor layers of different compositions or no scale layers at all. Reference conversion materials, wavelength converting materials, remote phosphors herein. The phosphors, phosphor layers, and related terms are used to describe the invention. The use of these terms should not be construed as limiting. It should be understood that the use of the terms "distal phosphor," "phosphor," or "phosphor layer" is intended to encompass all wavelength converting materials and is equally applicable to all wavelength converting materials. Some of the embodiments described herein include a distal phosphor and a separate distal diffuser configuration, some of which are in a dual dome configuration. It should be understood that in other embodiments, there may be a single dome-like structure having both conversion and diffusion properties, or there may be more than two domes having different combinations of conversion material and diffuser. Conversion material and diffuser: provided in separate domes, or the conversion material and diffuser may be together in one or more of the domes. The term "11" should not be interpreted as "in any particular shape." The term can cover many different three-dimensional shapes, 154501.doc -23- 201202627 including but not limited to bullet or sphere, or elongated. The invention is described herein with reference to a conversion material in which the phosphor layer and the phosphor carrier and diffuser are located at the distal end of each other. In this context, the distal ends are spaced apart from each other and/or are not in direct thermal contact. It will be further understood that when the dominant wavelength is referred to, there is a range or width of wavelengths around the dominant wavelength such that when discussing the dominant wavelength, the invention is intended to cover the wavelength range around the wavelength. It is also understood that when an element such as a layer, region or substrate is referred to as "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or the intervening element can also be present. In addition, terms such as "inside", "outside", "upper", "above", "lower", "lower" and "lower" are used herein to describe the relationship of one layer or another. It is to be understood that the terms are intended to encompass the orientations depicted in the drawings and the various aspects of the embodiments. Although the terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections are not to be limit. The terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another. The first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below may be referred to as a second element, component, region, layer or section, without departing from the teachings of the invention. Embodiments of the invention are described herein with reference to the cross- Thus, the actual thickness of the layers can be different' and it is contemplated that there may be differences in shape relative to the description due to, for example, manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances. The embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the particular shapes of the regions described herein as 154501.doc • 24·201202627, but will include shape variations caused by, for example, manufacturing. Areas illustrated or described as square or rectangular will typically have rounded or curved features due to normal manufacturing tolerances. The area illustrated in the figures is, therefore, in the nature of the invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. 4 shows a real example of a lamp 5'' according to the present invention comprising a heat sink structure 52' having an optical cavity 54 having a platform 56 for holding a light source 58. Although this embodiment and some of the real red cases are described hereinafter with reference to optical cavities, it should be understood that many other embodiments without optical cavities may be provided. Such embodiments may include, but are not limited to, a light source on a planar surface of the lamp structure or on a pedestal. Light source 58 can include a number of different illuminators, with the illustrated target example comprising an LED. A number of different commercially available LED wafers or led packages can be used including, but not limited to, LED chips or LED packages available from Cree, Lnc, N.Rth Car〇Hna, Durham. It will be appreciated that a lampless embodiment can be provided without the optical cavity, wherein in other embodiments the LEDs are mounted in different ways. By way of example, the light source can be mounted to a flat surface in the lamp' or a susceptor for holding the LED can be provided. Light source 58 can be mounted to platform 56 using a number of different known mounting methods and materials, with light from source 58 being emitted from the top opening of cavity 54. In some embodiments, the light source 58 can be mounted directly to the platform %, while in other embodiments, the light source can be included on a sub-substrate or printed circuit board (PCB) 'and then the sub-substrate or printed circuit board (pcB) ) is mounted to platform 56. The platform 56 and heat sink structure 52 can include a conductive path for applying an electrical signal to the light source 58, some of which are conductive traces 154501.doc -25 - 201202627 L : line. Portions of the platform 56 may also be made of a thermally conductive material, and in some instances the heat generated during operation may be spread to the platform and then spread to the heat sink structure. The sheet structure 52 may comprise at least a portion of a thermally conductive material, and a plurality of different thermally conductive "materials of the package/same metal (such as copper or aluminum) or metal alloy may have up to 400 W/mk or 400 W/. Thermal Conductivity Above mk In some embodiments, the heat sink may comprise high purity aluminum, and the high purity aluminum may have a thermal conductivity of about 2 1 〇W/m_k. In other embodiments the heat sink structure may comprise die casting Aluminum, die cast aluminum has a conductivity of about 2 〇〇 w/m y ... , and the heat sink structure 52 may also include other heat dissipation features (such as heat sink tabs 60 ) that increase the surface area of the heat sink. To promote more efficient dissipation into the environment. In some embodiments, the heat sink fins 60 can be made of a material having a higher thermal conductivity than the remainder of the heat sink. In the illustrated embodiment, generally The upper horizontal orientation is to show the fins 60, but it should be understood that in other embodiments, the fins may have a vertical or angular orientation. In still other embodiments, the heat sink may comprise an active cooling element (such as a fan). To reduce the convective heat in the lamp In some embodiments, the heat dissipation from the phosphor carrier is achieved via a combination of convective heat dissipation and conduction through the heat sink structure 52. Different heat dissipation configurations and structures are described in Tong et al. "LED Lamp Inc〇rp〇rating

U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 61/339, filed on Jan. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. Reflective layer 53 can also be included on heat sink structure 52, such as on the surface of optical cavity 15450I.doc -26·201202627 54. In embodiments that do not have an optical cavity, a reflective layer around the source can be included. In some embodiments, the surface may be coated with a visible wavelength of about 75 for the light emitted by the source 58 and/or the wavelength converting material ("light"). /. Or more reflective material, while in other embodiments, the material may have a reflectivity of about 85% or more for the light. In still other embodiments, the material may have a reflectivity of about 95% or more. The heat sink structure 52 may also include features for connection to a power source, such as to a different electrical outlet. In some embodiments, the heat sink structure can include features of the type for mounting in conventional electrical sockets. For example, the heat sink structure can include features for mounting to a standard threaded seat that can include a threaded portion that can be screwed into the threaded seat. In other embodiments, the heat sink structure may comprise a standard plug and the electrical socket may be a standard socket, or the heat sink structure may comprise a GU24 base unit, or the heat sink structure may be a clip and the electrical socket may receive and hold the clip The socket (for example, as used in many fluorescent lamps, is only a few of the options for the heat sink structure and the socket, and other configurations that safely deliver electricity from the socket to the lamp 5 can also be used. The light may include a power supply or power conversion unit that may include a driver to allow the light bulb to be powered by the AC line voltage/current and provide light source dimming capability. In some embodiments, the power supply may In a cavity/housing housed within a lamp heat sink (hereinafter one of the embodiments shown in Figure 42), the power supply can include an off-line constant current LED driver using a non-isolated quasi-resonant flyback topology. 154501.doc • 27· 201202627 The LED driver can be mounted in the lamp, and in some embodiments, the LED driver can comprise 25 cubic centimeters or less than 25 cubic centimeters. While in other embodiments the 'LED driver can comprise about 22 cubic centimeters or less than 22 cubic centimeters, and in still other embodiments, the LED driver can comprise 20 cubic centimeters or less than 20 cubic centimeters. In some implementations. In an example, the power supply can be non-dimmable 'but at a lower cost. It should be understood that the power supply used can have different topologies or geometries, and can also be dimmable. With a dimmer Embodiments may exhibit many different dimming characteristics, such as down-cutting to 5% (both front and back edges). In some dimming circuits in accordance with the present invention, by reducing to LEE) The output current is used to achieve dimming. The power supply unit can include many different components that are configured on the printed circuit board in many different ways. Power supplies can operate from many different power sources and can exhibit many different operating characteristics. In some embodiments, the power supply can be configured to operate from a 120 volt alternating current (VAC) 10% signal while providing a source drive signal greater than 200 milliamps (mA) and/or greater than 1 volt (V). In other embodiments, the drive signal may be greater than 3 〇〇 and/or greater than 15 V ^. In some embodiments, the drive signal may be about 4 mA and/or about 22 volts. The power supply can also include components that allow the power supply to operate at a relatively high level of efficiency. One measure of efficiency may be the percentage of the input energy to the power supply that is actually the output of the light from the light source. A large amount of energy may be lost through the operation of the power supply. In some lamp embodiments, the power supply is operable to cause an input energy to the power supply. 154501.doc •28· 201202627 The above is a wire shot or a wire from LED. In other embodiments, more than 15% of this is input as LED light output. In still other embodiments, about 17.5% of the input energy is used as the LED light output, and in other embodiments, about 18% or greater than the input energy of the LED light output. A thermal petching material or other suitable thermally conductive material may be included around the power supply for protection and to assist in directing the thermal radiation away from the power supply assembly. In embodiments where the power supply is in the heat sink cavity, the heat sealing material may fill all or part of the cavity such that the heat sealing material surrounds the power supply. Many different thermally conductive materials can be used that exhibit some or all of the following characteristics: safe, electrically insulating, thermally conductive, have low thermal expansion, and have sufficient viscosity so that the material does not dissipate heat before curing. Cracks in the cavity of the sheet leak. Some embodiments may use an embedded compound comprising an epoxy resin and glass fibers, such as those available from Dow Corning, Inc. A phosphor carrier 62 is included over the top opening of the cavity 54 and includes a dome shaped diffuser 76 over the phosphor carrier 62. In the illustrated embodiment, the phosphor carrier covers the entire opening, and the cavity opening is shown as being circular and the rim carrier 62 is a disk. It should be understood that the cavity opening and the glazing carrier can be of many different shapes and sizes. It should also be understood that the fill carrier 62 may not cover the entire cavity opening. As further described below, the diffuser 76 is configured to disperse light from the phosphor carrier and/or LED into a desired lamp emission pattern 'and the diffuser 76 can comprise many different depending on the light it receives and the desired lamp emission pattern. Shape and size. The embodiment of the phosphor carrier according to the present invention can be characterized as comprising a 154501.doc -29·201202627 conversion material and a thermally conductive light transmissive material' but it will be understood that a non-thermally conductive phosphor carrier can also be provided. The light transmissive material may be transparent to light emitted from source 58, and the conversion material should be of a type that absorbs light from the wavelength of the source and re-emits light of different wavelengths. In the illustrated embodiment, the thermally conductive light transmissive material comprises a carrier layer 64 and the conversion material comprises a phosphor layer 66 on the phosphor carrier. As further described below, various embodiments may include many different configurations of thermally conductive light transmissive materials and conversion materials. When the light from the source 58 is absorbed by the phosphor in the glazing layer 66, the light is re-emitted in the isotropic direction' wherein about 5 Å/0 of the light is emitted forward 50. /. The light is emitted back into the cavity 54. In previous LEDs with a conformal fill layer, a significant portion of the back-emitting light can be directed back into the lED and the likelihood of light escaping is limited by the extraction efficiency of the LED structure. For some LEDs, the extraction efficiency can be about 70. /. Therefore, a certain percentage of the light that is directed back to the LED from the conversion material may be lost. In a lamp having a remote phosphor configuration in accordance with the present invention, the LED is located on the platform 56 at the bottom of the cavity 54, with a higher percentage of the backward phosphor light striking the surface of the cavity rather than the LED » The surface coating with the reflective layer 53 increases the percentage of light that is reflected back to the scale layer 66 (at the light layer 66 where light can be emitted from the lamp). These reflective layers 53 allow the optical cavity to effectively recirculate photons and increase the emission efficiency of the lamp. It should be understood that the reflective layer can comprise a number of different materials and structures' including, but not limited to, reflective metal or multilayer reflective structures (such as distributed Bragg reflectors). In embodiments that do not have an optical cavity, a reflective layer around the LED can also be included. Carrier layer 64 may be made of many different materials having a thermal conductivity of 154501.doc • 30-201202627 above 0.5 W/mk or 0.5 W/mk, such as quartz, tantalum carbide (SiC) (thermal conductivity ~120 W/ Mk), glass (thermal conductivity 1·〇-ΐ·4 w/mk) or sapphire (thermal conductivity ~40 W/mk). In other embodiments, carrier layer 64 can have a thermal conductivity greater than 1.0 W/m-k and in other embodiments it can have a thermal conductivity greater than 5.0 W/m-k. In still other embodiments, the carrier layer M can have a thermal conductivity greater than 10 W/m-k. In some embodiments, the carrier layer can have a thermal conductivity in the range of from 1.4 W/m-k to 10 W/m-k. The disc carrier can also have different thicknesses depending on the material used, with a suitable thickness range of 0.1 mm to 10 mm or more. It should be understood that other thicknesses may be used depending on the characteristics of the material used for the carrier layer. The material should be thick enough to provide adequate lateral heat dissipation for specific operating conditions. In general, the higher the thermal conductivity of the material, the thinner the material may be, while still providing the necessary dissipation. Different factors can influence which carrier layer material is used, and different factors include, but are not limited to, cost and transparency to the source light. Some materials may also be more suitable for larger diameters such as glass or quartz. Such materials can provide reduced manufacturing costs by forming a phosphor layer on a larger diameter carrier layer and then singulating the carrier layer into smaller carrier layers. In some embodiments, the phosphor support can comprise a polymeric or plastic material, wherein the phosphor is applied to the inner and/or outer surface of the phosphor support and/or embedded or mixed in the polymer or plastic. A number of different phosphors can be used in the phosphor layer 66, with the invention being particularly suitable for emitting white light lamps. As described above, in some embodiments, light source 58 can be an LED based light source and can emit light of a blue wavelength spectrum. The phosphor layer absorbs some blue light and re-emits yellow light. This situation allows the lamp to emit 154501.doc •31 - 201202627 The combination of blue and yellow light. In some embodiments, the blue LED light can be converted by a yellow conversion material using a commercially available YAG:Ce phosphor, but using a system based on (Gd,Y)3(Al,Ga)5〇12:Ce (such as, The converted particles made of phosphor of Y3A150丨2:Ce(YAG)) may obtain a wide range of broad yellow spectral emission. Other yellow phosphors that can be used to produce white light when used with an illuminator based on a blue LED include, but are not limited to:

Tb3.xREx012: Ce(TAG) ; RE=Y, Gd, La, Lu; or

The Sr2-x-yBaxCaySi〇4:Eu 磷 phosphor layer may also be provided with more than one phosphor, the one or more phosphors being mixed in the phosphor layer 66 or as the second phosphor layer on the carrier layer 64. In some embodiments, each of the two phosphors can absorb LED light and can re-emit light of a different color. In such embodiments, the colors from the two phosphor layers can be combined to achieve a more recent CRI white (warm white) with a different white hue. This situation may include light from the yellow phosphor above that may be combined with light from a red scale. Different red wall bodies can be used, including:

SrxCabxSiEu, Y; Y=halide;

CaSiAlN3:Eu; or Sr2.yCaySi〇4:Eu Other phosphors can be used to produce colored illumination by converting substantially all of the light into a particular color. For example, the following phosphors can be used to produce green light:

SrGa2S4: Eu;

Sr2-yBaySi〇4:Eu; or I54501.doc •32· 201202627

SrSi2〇2N2:Eu 一些 Some additional phosphors suitable for use as the conversion particles of the phosphor layer 66 are listed below, but other phosphors may be used. Each phosphor exhibits excitation in the blue and/or UV luminescence spectrum to provide a desired peak luminescence with efficient light conversion and an acceptable Stokes shift: yellow/green (Sr, Ca, Ba) (Al, Ga) 2S4: Eu2+

Ba2(Mg,Zn)Si2〇7:Eu2+

Gd〇 46Sr〇.3 1 A1i.23〇XF 1.3 8-EU2 + 0.06 (Bai-x-ySrxCay)Si04:Eu

Ba2Si04:Eu2+ is mixed with Ce's LU3AI5O12 doped with Eu2+(Ca,Sr,Ba)Si202N2 CaSc204:Ce3 + (Sr,Ba)2Si04:Eu2+ red

Lu203:Eu3 + (Sr2-xLax)(Cei-xEux)〇4 Sr2Cei.xEux〇4 Sr2-xEuxCe〇4 SrTi03:Pr3 + ,Ga3 +

CaAlSiN3: Eu2+

Sr2Si5N8:Eu2+ 154501.doc •33· 201202627 Different sizes of phosphor particles can be used, including but not limited to particles in the range of from (10) to 30 microns (4) or 3 to 10 microns. In terms of scattering and mixing colors, smaller particles are usually better for larger particles to provide a more uniform light. Larger particles are generally more efficient at converting light than smaller particles, but emit less uniform light. In some embodiments, the phosphor may be provided in the phosphor layer "in the binder, and the filler may also have different concentrations or loads of filler material in the binder. Typical concentrations range from 30% to 70% In the range of % by weight, in one embodiment, the phosphor concentration is about 65% by weight, and is preferably uniformly dispersed throughout the distal phosphor. Phosphor layer 66 can also have different conversion materials and different concentrations of conversion. Different zones of material. Different materials can be used for the adhesive, where the material is preferably strong after curing and substantially transparent in the visible wavelength spectrum. Suitable materials include polyfluorene oxide, epoxy resin, glass, inorganic glass, dielectric BCB, polyamide, polymer, ethyl cellulose, sol-gel glass and their blends, of which the preferred material is polyfluorene (this is due to the high transparency and reliability of polyfluorene in high power LEDs). Suitable phenyl and methyl based polyoxyl oxides are commercially available from Dow® Chemical. Many different curing methods can be used to cure the binder' depending on, for example, the binder used. Different factors. Different curing methods include, but are not limited to, thermal curing, ultraviolet (uv) curing, infrared (IR) curing, or air curing. In some embodiments, the adhesive may comprise a polymeric material or a plastic. Different processes may be used. To coat the phosphor layer 66, different processes include, but are not limited to, spraying, immersion (dip coating), spin coating, cuckoo clock, printing, powder coating, 154501.doc -34·201202627 electrophoretic deposition (EPD), static electricity Deposition and others. As mentioned above, the disc layer 66 can be coated with the binder material, but it should be understood that no binder is required. In still other embodiments, the phosphor layer 66 can be separately fabricated and then phosphorescent. Layer 66 is mounted to carrier layer 64. In one embodiment 'a phosphor-binder mixture can be sprayed or dispersed over carrier layer 64' and the adhesive is then cured to form phosphor layer 66. In these embodiments In some embodiments, the phosphor-adhesive mixture can be sprayed, poured or dispersed onto or onto the heated carrier layer 64 such that when the phosphor binder mixture contacts the carrier layer 64, The heat from the carrier layer 64 is dispersed into the binder and the binder is cured. These processes may also include a solvent in the phosphor/binder mixture which liquefies the mixture and lowers the viscosity of the mixture' thereby making the mixture more Suitable for spraying. Many different solvents can be used, including but not limited to terpene, benzene, zylene or OS-20 available from Dow Corning®, and solvents can be used in different concentrations. When the solvent-phosphor_binder mixture is sprayed or dispersed on the heated carrier layer 64, the heat from the carrier layer 64 evaporates the solvent, wherein the temperature of the carrier layer affects the extent to which the solvent evaporates. From the carrier layer 64 Heat can also cure the binder in the mixture leaving a fixed phosphor layer on the carrier layer. The carrier layer 64 can be heated to a number of different temperatures depending on the materials used and the desired solvent evaporation and adhesive cure speed. Suitable temperature ranges are, but it should be understood that other temperatures may be used. In still other embodiments, the fill layer 66 can be applied only to convert the particle layer without a binder. The deposition of only this particle layer can be achieved by electrostatic or electrophoretic deposition of the method 154501.doc -35 - 201202627, or by using a volatile binder or solvent mixed with phosphor particles. The binder or solvent can then be selectively removed by hot burnout or selective dissolution. In still other embodiments, the phosphor particles can be embedded in a carrier material. In such embodiments, the carrier may comprise a glass material such as soda lime glass or borosilicate glass, or a plastic material such as polycarbonate. Various deposition methods and systems are described in Donofrio et al., "Systems and Methods for Application of Optical Materials to

U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2010/0155763, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

The fill layer 66 can have a number of different thicknesses depending, at least in part, on the concentration of the spheroidal material and the desired amount of light to be converted by the luminescent layer 66. The light-guiding layer 66 can have substantially the same thickness or varying thickness, and in some embodiments the thickness can adjust or vary the desired color or emission pattern in the far field. The converter may comprise one or more layers of different phosphor materials, some of which are described in Hussell et al. entitled "High Efficiency LED"

U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 13/29,063, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. It should be understood that 'a variety of additives may be included in the scale layer 66 and the carrier layer 64 or in both the phosphor layer 66 and the carrier layer 64' to uniformly or selectively adjust or vary the emission color or intensity in the far field to produce The nature to be emitted. Many different additives can be used including, but not limited to, dioxins (Ti〇2), alumina (Al2〇3), barium sulfate (BaS04). 154501.doc -36- 201202627 The phosphor layer according to the present invention can be coated with a concentration level higher than 30% (phosphor load). Other embodiments may have a concentration level above 50%, while in still other embodiments, the concentration level may be higher than 60%. In some embodiments, the phosphor layer can have a thickness in the range of 1 Å to 1 Å. In other embodiments, the phosphor layer can have a thickness in the range of 40 microns to 50 microns. In still other embodiments, the phosphor layer can have regions of phosphors of different concentrations, different amounts of phosphors, or different properties that result in different conversion characteristics. The methods described above can be used to coat multiple layers of the same or different phosphor materials' and different phosphor materials can be applied in different regions of the carrier layer using known techniques, such as masking processes. Other embodiments may include uniform and/or non-uniformly distributed phosphors in the scale carrier, such as having different phosphor layer thicknesses and/or different phosphor material concentrations along the carrier. There may be multiple regions of different types of phosphors that emit light of the same or different colors, such as by distinct regions having different phosphors. Some of these configurations may impart a patterned appearance to the phosphor carrier, some of which include, but are not limited to, strip, speckle, cross, sawtooth, or any combination of such patterns. In still other embodiments, there may be a plurality of remotely separated phosphors (e.g., domes) that may have different types of phosphor materials. Each of these remote phosphors can have one or more scales that can be configured in many different ways as described above. The method described above provides some thickness control for the phosphor layer 66, but for even greater thickness control, known methods can be used to grind the disc layer to reduce the thickness of the phosphor layer 66 or level the entire layer. thickness of. This study 154501.doc -37- 201202627 The grinding feature provides the added advantage of being able to produce a lamp that illuminates within a single sorting level on the CiE chromaticity diagram. Sorting is generally known in the art and is intended to ensure that the LEd or lamp provided in a group emits light in an acceptable color range. The LEDs or lamps can be tested and sorted into different sorting levels (generally referred to as sorting in the art) by color or brightness. Each sorting level typically contains LEDs or lights from a group of colors and brightness, and is typically identified by a sorting level code. White light LEDs or lamps can be classified by chromaticity (color) and luminous flux (brightness). The thickness control of the light layer provides greater control over the generation of the light that emits light within the target sorting level by controlling the amount of light source converted by the phosphor layer. It can be seen that a plurality of optical disk carriers 62 are provided for the light-emitting layer 66 having the same thickness. By using light sources 58 having substantially the same illumination characteristics, lamps having nearly identical illumination characteristics can be fabricated, which in some instances may fall within a single sorting level. In some embodiments, the lamp illumination is within a standard deviation from a point on the CIE map, and in some embodiments, the standard deviation comprises a Mc-dams ellipse of less than 10 steps. In some embodiments, the illumination of the lamp belongs to a 4-step MacAdam ellipse centered at CIExy (〇 313, 0.323). In still other embodiments, the phosphor carrier 62 can comprise a reflective or diffusing material or element to control the emission intensity distribution. These materials or elements can be integrated into the phosphor support, such as by molding or coating using one of the methods described above. In still other embodiments, the reflective or diffusing elements can be separately constructed and attached to the phosphor carrier. Some of these materials and components may be opaque or partially opaque, while their materials and components may be specularly reflective or diffuse (Lambert) in nature. The phosphor carrier 62 can be attacked and bonded to the opening in the cavity using a different known method or material, such as a thermally conductive bonding material or ", / by a New Moon. Conventional thermal greases may contain ceramic materials such as yttria and aluminum nitride, or metal particles such as colloidal silver. In other embodiments, a phosphor carrier can be mounted over the opening using a thermally conductive device such as a clamping mechanism, a screw or a thermal adhesive to hold the phosphor carrier 62 tightly to the heat sink structure such that Maximum thermal conductivity. In one embodiment, a layer of thermal grease having a thickness of about 100 μη! and a thermal conductivity of 0.2 W/m_k is used. This configuration provides an effective thermally conductive path for dissipating heat from the phosphor layer 66. As mentioned above, different lamp embodiments without cavities can be provided, and in addition to being above the opening of the cavity, the phosphor carrier can be mounted in many different ways. During operation of the lamp 50, the disk conversion heating is concentrated in the phosphor layer, such as concentrated in the center of the phosphor layer 66, most of which strikes the phosphor carrier 62 at the center of the phosphor layer 66 and passes through the phosphor carrier 62. . The thermally conductive nature of the carrier layer 64 causes the heat to spread laterally toward the edge of the phosphor carrier 62, as exhibited by the first heat stream 70. Heat is passed through the layer of thermal grease at the edges and into the fin structure 52. As shown by the second heat flow 72, heat can be efficiently dissipated into the environment in the heat sink structure 52. As discussed above, in the lamp 50, the platform 56 can be thermally coupled or coupled to the heat sink structure 52. This coupling configuration causes the phosphor carrier 62 to share at least a portion of the light source U with a thermally conductive path for dissipating heat. Heat from source 58 through platform 56 (as shown by third heat flow 74) may also be distributed to heat sink structure 52. The heat flowing from the phosphor carrier 62 into the fin structure 52 can also flow into 154501, doc-39-201202627 to level. 56. In other embodiments, phosphor carrier 62 and light source 58 may have separate thermally conductive paths for dissipating heat, such separate paths being referred to as "decoupled." It should be understood that the phosphor carrier can be configured in many different ways than the embodiment shown in FIG. The light-filling layer can be on either surface of the carrier layer or can be mixed in the carrier layer. The phosphor support may also comprise a scattering layer which may be included on the phosphor layer or carrier layer or mixed in the phosphor layer or carrier layer. It should also be understood that the phosphor and scattering layer may not cover the entire surface of the carrier layer, and in some embodiments, the conversion layer and the scattering layer may have different concentrations in different regions. It should also be understood that the phosphor support may have surfaces of different roughness or shape to enhance transmission through the phosphor support. As mentioned above, the diffuser 75 is configured to disperse light from the phosphor carrier and LED into a desired lamp emission pattern and can have many different shapes and sizes. In some embodiments, the diffuser can also be disposed over the phosphor carrier to shield the phosphor carrier when the lamp is not emitting light. The diffuser can have a material to impart a substantially white appearance to impart a white appearance to the bulb when the lamp is not illuminated. Many different diffusers having different shapes and attributes can be used with the lamp 5 〇 and the lamps described below, such as the application entitled "LED Lamp With Rem", filed on March 3, 2010, incorporated herein by reference. The lamps described in U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 61/339,515, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. The diffuser can also be of different shapes, including (but not limited to) a substantially asymmetrical "flat shape", such as the application for "Non-uniform Diffuser to Scatter Light 154501.doc" on January 8th, 2nd 40· 201202627

Into Uniform Emission Pattpm . ^

In the U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 12/901,405, in the form of the pattern, the application of the ancient singer, ,,?丨m, 茨茨甲° case is incorporated herein by reference. The lamp according to the invention may comprise many different features than those recited above, again referring to Figure 4, at their lamps In an embodiment, the cavity 54 can be filled with a transparent thermally conductive material to enhance the heat dissipation of the lamp. The cavity conductive material can provide a secondary path for dissipating heat from the source 58. Heat from the source will still be conducted via the platform 56, but may also pass through the cavity material to the fin structure 52. This situation will allow for a lower operating temperature of the source 58, but a risk of an elevated operating temperature for the phosphor carrier 62. This configuration can be used in many different embodiments, but is particularly well suited for lamps with higher light source operating temperatures (compared to the operating temperature of the phosphor carrier). This configuration allows for more efficient heat dissipation from the source in the application of the additional heating of the filler carrier layer. As discussed above, different lamp embodiments in accordance with the present invention can be configured with many different types of light sources. In one embodiment, eight or nine LEDs can be used, which are connected in series to the circuit board by two wires. The wires can then be connected to the power supply unit described above. In other embodiments, eight or more than eight or eight or fewer LEDs may be used, and as mentioned above, LEDs available from Cree, Inc. may be used, including eight XLamp® XP- E LED or four XLamp® XP-G LEDs. </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; Van de Ven et al. titled 154501.doc •41 · 201202627

U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 12/704,730, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein in In still another embodiment of the crucible, the lamp 1 is included in the optical cavity 102 within the fin structure 105. Similar to the above embodiment, a lampless cavity lamp 100 can also be provided, wherein the LEDs are mounted on the surface of the heat sink 105 or mounted on a three-dimensional structure or pedestal structure having a different shape. A planar LED based light source 104 is mounted to the platform 106 and a phosphor carrier 108 is mounted to the top opening of the cavity 102, wherein the phosphor carrier 108 has any of the features described above. In the illustrated embodiment, the phosphor carrier 108 can be in the shape of a flat disk (e.g., a distal two-dimensional wavelength converting element) and comprises a thermally conductive transparent material and a phosphor layer. The phosphor carrier 108 can be mounted to the cavity by a thermally conductive material or device as described above. The cavity 102 can have a reflective surface to enhance emission efficiency, as described above. Light from source 104 passes through phosphor carrier 108, which is partially converted by the phosphor in phosphor carrier 108 into light of different wavelengths. In an embodiment, light source 1 can comprise a blue light emitting LED, and phosphor carrier 108 can comprise a yellow phosphor as described above that absorbs a portion of the blue light and re-emits yellow light. Lamp 100 emits a combination of LED light and white phosphor of yellow phosphor light. Like the above, light source 104 can also include a plurality of different LEDs that emit light of different colors, and the phosphor carrier can include other phosphors to produce light having a desired color temperature and color rendering properties. 154501.doc • 42- 201202627 The lamp 100 also includes a shaped diffuser dome 110 mounted above the cavity 1〇2, the diffuser dome 11 including such diffusing or scattering particles as listed above Diffusion or scattering particles. The scattering particles can be provided in a curable binder. The curable binder is formed in a generally dome shape. In the illustrated embodiment, the dome i is mounted to the heat sink structure 丨〇5 and has an enlarged portion at the end opposite the heat sink structure 105. Different binder materials such as polyoxygen, epoxy, glass, inorganic glass, dielectric, BCB, polyamide, plastic, polymers, and mixtures thereof, as discussed above, can be used. In some embodiments, white scattering particles can be used for the color of the phosphor in the phosphor carrier 丨〇8 in a white dome with a white dome&apos; This gives the entire lamp a white appearance which is generally more visually acceptable to the consumer or more attractive to the consumer than the color of the phosphor. In one embodiment, the diffuser can comprise white titanium dioxide particles, and the white titanium dioxide particles can impart an overall white appearance to the diffuser dome. The diffuser dome 110 provides the added benefit of distributing the light emitted from the optical cavity in a more uniform pattern. As discussed above, light from a source in the optical cavity can be emitted in a substantially Lambertian pattern, and the shape of the dome 110 and the scattering properties of the scattering particles cause the light to be emitted from the dome in a more omnidirectional emission pattern. Engineered domes can have different concentrations of scattering particles in different zones or can be shaped into specific emission patterns. In the United States, the ENERGY STAR® program, jointly implemented by the US Environmental Protection Agency and the US Department of Energy, has published a standard for integrated LED lights. The measurement techniques for both color shirt and angular uniformity are described in Energy Star. 2 Program 154501.doc -43- 201202627 The requirements of the 'S Hai Energy Star® Program are incorporated herein by reference. For a vertically oriented lamp, it is 45 relative to the initial plane. And 90. The luminous intensity is measured in a vertical plane. This intensity will be the same as the lamp. As for 35. The average strength of the zones differs by no more than 20°/. 'The zero degree is defined as the top of the bulb shell. In addition, 5% of the total flux from the lamp will be at 135. To 180. In the district. In some embodiments, including the embodiments described below, the dome may be engineered such that the emission pattern from the lamp is as amended on March 22, 2010, incorporated herein by reference. The omnidirectional emission criteria for the ENERGY STAR® Pr〇gram Requirements /or /«iegra/ 1&lt;3/72 sounds. One requirement in this standard that is met by the lamps herein is that the uniformity of emission must be self-defeating. Within 20% of the average value under the 135 view. Another requirement is that more than 5% of the total flux from the lamp must be at 135. To 180. The emission is in the launch area, where the measurement is at zero. 45. And 90. Performing at azimuth angles As mentioned above, the different lamp embodiments described herein may also include a Α-type (e.g., Α 19) trim LED bulb that meets the ENERGY STAR 8 standard. The present invention provides an efficient, reliable, and cost effective lamp. In some embodiments, the entire lamp can include five components that can be assembled quickly and easily. The lamp 100, like the above-described embodiment, may include a mounting mechanism 112 of the type installed in a conventional electrical socket, the mounting mechanism 112 being coupled to the heat sink 1〇5. In the illustrated embodiment the 'lamp 1' includes a threaded portion 112 for mounting to a standard threaded seat. Like the above embodiments, the lamp 1 can include a standard plug and the electrical socket can be a standard socket, or the electrical socket can include a GU24 base unit 'or the lamp 100 can be a clip and the electrical socket can receive and hold the clip 154501.doc • 44· 201202627 as used in many fluorescent lights). The power supply or electrical socket described herein (for example, including the internal cavity or the outer casing as described above. The heat release structure can also be referred to as the force conversion unit assembly, and the characteristics of the lamp 100 can be defended by The space between the levies] is the mixing chamber of the field, in which the 弁*中中(4)6 and the scalar carrier are just between the 匕s s first light-matching chamber magnetic between the m-person (10) and the diffuser 110 The two of the two can be wrapped - the second light mixing + + A a to the color and intensity emission of the mixing chamber to promote the uniformity of the lamp. The same situation can be applied to the following different shapes of phosphorescence Embodiments of bulk carriers and diffusers. In other embodiments 'τ includes additional diffusers and/or phosphor carriers that form additional mixing chambers, and the diffusers and/or phosphor carriers can be configured in different orders. The different lamp embodiments of the invention can have many different shapes and sizes. Figure 6 shows another embodiment of a lamp 12 根据 according to the present invention, the lamp 12 resembling a lamp 1 类似, and similarly includes a heat sink structure 125 Optical cavity 122, wherein light source 124 is mounted to optics Platform 126 in 122. Similar to the above, the heat sink structure need not have an optical cavity, and the light source can be provided on other structures than the heat sink structure. Such structures can include a planar surface or pedestal with a light source. The carrier 128 is mounted over the cavity opening by a thermal connector. The lamp 120 also includes a diffuser dome 130 mounted to the heat sink structure 125 above the optical cavity. The diffuser dome 13 can be as described above. The described diffusers are made of the same material, but in this embodiment, the domes 13 are spherical, elliptical or egg-shaped to provide different lamp emission patterns while still obscuring from the filler carrier 128. The color of the dish. 154501.doc -45- 201202627 It should be understood that in other lamp embodiments, the scale carrier can take many different shapes 'including different three-dimensional shapes. The term "three-dimensional" is intended to mean the implementation as described above. Any shape other than the plane shown in the examples. Figures 7 to 1 show different embodiments of the three-dimensional phosphor carrier not according to the present invention, but it is understood that the material carrier can also adopt many other As discussed in the above two (4), when the light body absorbs and emits light in a line, it is emitted in an isotropic manner, so that the three-dimensional scale carrier is used to convert light from the light source and also disperse light from the light source. The diffuser, the three-dimensional carrier layer of different shapes, can emit light according to an emission pattern having different characteristics depending on the emission pattern of the light source. The diffuser can then be matched to the emission of the phosphor carrier to provide the desired lamp emission pattern. A hemispherical shaped phosphor carrier crucible 54 is shown, the phosphor carrier 154 comprising a hemispherical carrier 155 and a phosphor layer 156. The hemispherical carrier! 55 can be made of the same material as the carrier layer described above, and the phosphor layer can be The same material as the phosphor layer described above is made, and the scattering particles can be included in the carrier and the phosphor layer as described above. In this embodiment, the phosphor layer 156 is shown as being on the outer surface of the carrier 155 'but it should be understood that the light-filling layer can be on the inner layer of the carrier, mixed with the carrier' or any combination of the above three. In some embodiments, having a phosphor layer on the outer surface minimizes emission losses. When the illuminator light is absorbed by the phosphor layer 156, the light system is emitted omnidirectionally, and some of the light can be emitted backwards and absorbed by a lamp element such as an LED. Phosphor layer 156 may also have a different index of refraction than hemispherical carrier 155 such that light emitted forward from the phosphor layer may be retroreflected from the inner surface of carrier 155. This light can also be attributed to the loss of the light element 154501.doc • 46- 201202627. In the case where the phosphor layer 156 is located on the outer surface of the carrier 155, the light emitted forward does not need to pass through the carrier 155 and will not be lost due to reflection. The light that is emitted backwards will hit the top of the carrier where at least some of the light will be reflected back. This configuration results in a reduction in light from the phosphor layer 156 that is emitted back into the carrier where it can be absorbed. Phosphor layer 156 can be deposited using many of the same methods described above. In some examples, the three-dimensional shape of the carrier 155 may require additional steps or other processes to provide the necessary coverage. In embodiments where the solvent _phosphor _ binder mixture is sprayed, the carrier can be heated as described above, and multiple nozzles may be required to provide the desired coverage (e.g., near uniform coverage) over the carrier. In other embodiments, fewer nozzles can be used while rotating the carrier to provide the desired coverage, similar to the above, the heat from the carrier 15 can evaporate the solvent and help cure the adhesive. In still other embodiments, the phosphor layer can be formed via an ink immersion process whereby a fill layer can be formed on the inner or outer surface of the carrier 155, but is particularly suitable for forming on the inner surface . The carrier 155 can be at least partially filled with a phosphor mixture adhered to the surface of the carrier, or otherwise contact the carrier 155 with the phosphor mixture. The mixture can then be discharged from the support to leave a layer of phosphor mixture on the surface which can then be cured. In one embodiment, the mixture may comprise polyethylene oxide (PEO) and a phosphor. The support can be filled and the support then evacuated leaving a layer of PE0-phosphor mixture which can then be thermally cured. The PE crucible evaporates or is dissipated by heat, leaving a phosphor layer. In some embodiments, the adhesive may be applied to further secure the 144501.doc -47 - 201202627 fill layer, while in other applications, the phosphor may be retained without the binder. Similar to the process for coating a planar carrier layer, such processes can be used in a three-dimensional carrier to coat a plurality of light-constituting layers that can have the same or different bowl-light materials. The phosphor layer can also be applied to both the interior and exterior of the carrier and can be of different types having different thicknesses in different regions of the carrier. In still other embodiments, different processes can be used, such as coating the carrier with a sheet of a thinner material that can be thermally formed to the carrier. In the lamp utilizing the carrier 155, the illuminator can be disposed at the base of the carrier such that light from the illuminator is emitted upwardly and through the carrier 155. In some embodiments, the illuminator can illuminate in a substantially Lambertian pattern, and the carrier can help disperse the light in a more uniform pattern. Figure 8 shows another embodiment of a three-dimensional phosphor carrier 157 comprising a bullet-shaped carrier 158 and a phosphor layer 159 on the outer surface of the carrier, in accordance with the present invention. Carrier 158 and phosphor layer 159 can be formed from the same materials as described above using the same methods as described above. Different shaped phosphor carriers can be used with different illuminators to provide the desired overall lamp emission pattern. Figure 9 shows a further embodiment of a three-dimensional phosphor carrier 160 comprising a sphere-shaped carrier 161 and a light-guiding layer 162 on the outer surface of the carrier, in accordance with the present invention. The carrier 161 and the phosphor layer 162 may be formed of the same material as described above using the same method as described above. FIG. 10 shows a scale carrier 163 according to still another embodiment of the present invention, a bowl of light. Carrier 163 has a generally spherical shape carrier 164 and a narrow neck portion 154501.doc -48·201202627 164. Similar to the above embodiment, the light-filling layer 166 on the outer surface, the phosphor carrier 164 comprising the optical layer 166 of the carrier 164 is made of the same material as described above and is used as described above. The method described is formed in the same way. A scale carrier having a shape similar to carrier 164 in some embodiments may be more efficient in converting illuminator light and re-emitting the Lambertian light from the source into a more uniform emission pattern. 11 through 13 show another embodiment of a lamp 17 according to the present invention having a heat sink structure 172, an optical cavity 174, a light source 176, a diffuser dome 178', and a threaded portion 18A. These features can be made using the same method as the materials of the similar features described above. This embodiment also includes a three-dimensional wavelength converting element 182 (eg, a phosphor carrier p comprising a thermally conductive transparent material and at least one phosphor layer, depending on the embodiment, the wavelength converting element being contained within, outside and/or embedded in the scale carrier The light-filling layer(s) within the scale carrier. In this embodiment, the wavelength conversion element is on the heat sink structure 172 (eg, mounted to the heat sink structure 172 and thermally coupled or coupled to the heat sink structure 172). In other embodiments, an electrically insulating element (not shown) may be between the heat sink structure and the wavelength converting element, and the wavelength converting member may be held by the electrically insulating element. The electrical element may include an opening(s). The opening(s) are above the light source 176 (eg, LED) to allow light to pass through while covering the heat sink structure 172 to prevent electrical shock. In some embodiments, the electrically insulating element can also act as a reflector. In an example, the phosphor carrier 182 is spherical or spherical, and the illuminator is configured such that light from the source passes through the phosphor carrier 182, in the phosphor carrier 182, at least - the light is converted — 154501.doc 49- 201202627 The three-dimensional shape of the phosphor carrier 182 provides a natural separation between the phosphor carrier 182 and the light source 176. Thus, the light source 176 is not mounted in a recess in the heat sink forming the optical cavity. In this embodiment, the light source 176 is mounted on the top surface of the heat sink structure 172, wherein the optical cavity 174 is formed by the space between the phosphor carrier 182 and the top of the heat sink structure 172. This configuration allows for optical Less Lambertian emission of cavity 1 74, since there is no side of the optical cavity that blocks or redirects lateral emission. In other embodiments, light source 176 is located on a mounting component (not shown), such as a printed circuit. The board 'metal core board or other component on which the light source is mounted. In some embodiments, the mounting component may include other electronics such as compensation and/or control circuitry (not shown) and is thermally coupled to the heat sink structure 172. The compensation and/or control circuitry can include a microprocessor, a special application integrated circuit, or other processing circuitry electrically coupled to the power supply unit and source 176. In an embodiment, the control circuit or portion thereof may be located within a heat sink cavity/housing having a power supply unit and/or mounted on a surface of the mounting component opposite the LED. The compensation and/or control circuitry may comprise Circuits described in U.S. Patent Application: U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 12/566,195, to Van de Ven et al., entitled "Color Control of Single String Light Emitting Devices Having Single String Color Control", and van de Ven et al. U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 12/704,730, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

In the embodiment of the lamp 170, the blue LED 154501 for the light source 176 is utilized. Doc •50· 201202627 and a combination of yellow and red scales in a scale carrier. In this case, the germanium phosphor carrier 182 is yellow or orange, and the diffuser dome 178 shields the color while dispersing the light into the desired pattern. In the lamp 17〇, the conduction path for the platform is coupled to the conduction path for the heat sink structure, but it should be understood that in other embodiments, the conduction path for the platform and the conduction path for the heat sink structure Decoupling. Figure 14 shows an embodiment of a lamp 19A not according to the present invention. The lamp 19A includes eight LED light sources 192 mounted on the heat sink 194 as described above. The illuminators can comprise a plurality of different types of LEDs. Different types can be. The noon is dissipated in different ways' and in the illustrated embodiment is connected in series. Note that in this embodiment, the illuminator is not mounted in the optical cavity, but instead is mounted on the top planar surface of the heat sink 194. Figure 15 shows a lamp 190 as shown in Figure 14, in which a spherical phosphor carrier 196 is mounted over the light source 192 shown in Figure 14. The lamp 190 shown in Figure 15 can be combined with a diffuser 198 (as described above) to form a lamp with dispersed light emission. As mentioned above, the phosphor support may comprise a plurality of conversion materials such as yellow/green and red phosphors. These phosphors provide a yellow/green component for the emission of white light. However, in various embodiments, such light can be provided directly from the LED wafer rather than via a fill-in conversion. These different configurations may provide certain advantages including, but not limited to, lamps that require lower operating power and that are less expensive by eliminating the need for a particular light barrier. In other embodiments, certain of these color components may be provided directly from LED chips of different colors. For example, the red color of the emission is 154501. Doc •51 - 201202627 The quantity can be provided directly from the red LEDs described in the following application: Yuan et al., US Patent Provisional Application No. 61/424,670 entitled "LED Lamp With Remote Phosphor and Diffuser Configuration Utilizing Red Emitters" The application is incorporated herein by reference. Figures 16 and 17 show another embodiment of a lamp 250 in accordance with the present invention, the lamps 250 being similar to those shown and described in the following application: March 3, 2010, filed with the title "Lamp With Remote U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 61/3, 39, 515, issued to U.S. Patent Application Serial No. PCT-A------ /901, 405, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. The lamp 250 includes a heat sink 252, and a dome shaped phosphor carrier 254 and a dome shaped diffuser 256, which may be of the same material as described above. It was made using the same method as described above. The lamp also includes an LED 258, which in this embodiment is mounted on a planar surface 259 of the heat sink 252 with the phosphor carrier and diffuser over the LED wafer 258. LED wafer 258 and phosphor carrier 254 may comprise any of the configurations and characteristics described above, such as some embodiments having red and blue light emitting LED wafers. The phosphor support may comprise one or more of the phosphor materials described above, but preferably comprises a phosphor that absorbs blue light and emits yellow light such that the lamp emits a combination of white light of blue, red and yellow light. 154501. Doc - 52 - 201202627 The lamp 250 can include a mounting mechanism 259 of the type installed in conventional electrical outlets. In the illustrated embodiment, the lamp 25A includes a threaded portion 260 for mounting to a standard threaded seat. Like the above embodiments, the lamp 25A can include a standard plug and the electrical socket can be a standard socket, or can include a GU24 base unit, or the light 250 can be a clip and the electrical socket can be a socket that receives and holds the clip (eg, 'As used in many fluorescent lights). The lamp according to the present invention may comprise a power supply or a power conversion unit as described above, which may be disposed in a cavity or housing within the heat sink. As above, these may include drivers to allow the bulb to be powered by the AC line voltage/current and provide source dimming capability. In some embodiments, the power supply can include an off-line constant current LED driver using a non-isolated quasi-resonant flyback topology. The LED driver can be mounted within the lamp 250, such as in the body portion 262. In some embodiments, the power supply can be non-dimmable, but at a relatively low cost. It should be understood that the power supply used can have many different topologies or geometries and can be configured in many different ways. Different lamp assemblies can have many different shapes and can be configured in many different ways. In particular, the heat sink can be configured in many different ways to meet the desired size, thermal management characteristics, and desired emission characteristics. As shown in Figure 3, the relatively specific and constrained bulb housings available for the A19 standard size can result in limited options for different shapes and sizes of fins. This is especially true for LED lamps having the characteristics that allow the lamp to meet certain emission characteristics, such as the Energy Star 8 program as described above. Figure U shows a 15450l which is not based on a heat sink 3 of a heat sink according to the present invention. Doc • 53- 201202627 Embodiment The heat sink 300 enables the LED, phosphor carrier and diffuser dome to be mounted thereon to form a lamp. The heat sink 300 can be made of the same thermally conductive material as discussed above. The heat sink 3 can be used in many different lamps, but is especially sized to accommodate the A19 bulb housing requirements, while having an angled surface that allows the lamp to emit light as required by the ENERGY STAR 8 emission. The heat sink 300 can have a cylindrical shape. Core/housing 3〇2 to accommodate the power control unit as discussed above. The heat sink 300 may also have heat dissipating fins 3〇4, which are designed to allow heat to be transmitted away from the heat generating components of the lamp (such as LEDs, power electronics, etc.). The heat sink fins 3〇4 may have many different shapes. And sized and can be made of many of the thermally conductive materials described above. There may also be many different numbers of heat sink fins 3〇4 in different embodiments, some embodiments having between 20 and 60 heat sink fins Other embodiments may have 30 to 50 heat sink fins, while other embodiments may have 35 to 4 heat sink tabs. In one embodiment, the heat sink 452 may have about 38 heat sink fins to reduce heat dissipation. The number of fins 3〇4, but this situation can result in a corresponding reduction in the surface area used to dissipate heat. When fewer fins are used, larger fins can be used, but this can result in an unacceptable amount of light being The fins may block or may cause the fins to extend outside of the A19 bulb shell. The fins 304 may each have substantially the same shape, but in other embodiments, the fins 304 may have different shapes. The same. ', each of the fins 304 may have a lower portion 3〇6, the lower portion of the system allowing the heat sink to be mounted in the intermediate angular portion of the A19 bulb shell to be sized and away from the center of the heat sink 304 angle. At 154501. Doc •54- 201202627 f5= In the example, the lower portion 306 is angled about (or relative to the horizontal direction 60) relative to the vertical, but it should be understood that the fins: have many other angles. In detail, the lower portion may have a Korean piece that is at an angle greater than 150 with respect to the vertical direction. The top of the heat sink can be partially angled back towards the center of the heat sink 30(). This angle is selected depending on the desired emission characteristics. The light can be emitted using the heat sink. Meet the ENERGY STAR 8 launching J. Life Light as described above. 4 s and as further described below the top portion can be angled so as not to block too much light emitted from the lamp in the downward direction while still providing the desired surface area for heat dissipation. 19 through 22 show an embodiment of a lamp 45 in accordance with the present invention. The lamp 45A utilizes a heat sink 452 having heat sink fins 453 similar to the heat sink fins shown in FIG. The internal components of lamp 450 are best shown in Figure 2A and Figure 21. Similar to the above embodiment, the lamp 450 includes a dome shaped phosphor carrier 454 and a dome shaped diffuser 456. The lamp also includes an LED 458, which in this embodiment is mounted on a planar surface of the heat sink 452 with the phosphor carrier 454 and diffuser 45 6 above the LED 45 8 . As with other LED lamps described herein, LED wafer 458, diffuser 456, and phosphor carrier 454 can comprise any of the shapes, configurations, and characteristics described above, such as some embodiments having red and blue Color LED chip. Phosphor support 454 can comprise one or more of the phosphor materials described above, some embodiments comprising a phosphor that absorbs blue light and emits yellow light such that the lamp emits a combination of white light of blue, red, and yellow light. The lamp 450 can comprise a mounting structure of the type mounted in a conventional electrical socket, 154501. Doc -55- 201202627 For example, the threaded portion for use in a mandrel standard threaded seat, and the alternative mounting mechanism 1 mentioned above, the top diffuser can be of many different shapes, and in the illustrated embodiment The medium is "flat" and can have different amounts of diffusers in different sections, both of which are described in U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 12/901,405, incorporated herein by reference. The LED 458 is mounted on the printed circuit board 牝2 using a conventional mounting method in which the PCB 462 is mounted to the heat sink platform 464 using mounting screws 466, the mounting screws 466 are passed through the PCB 462 and screwed into the heat sink platform - the screw holes in the heat sink platform 467. It should be understood that many other embodiments may utilize different mounting methods and mechanisms. Phosphor carrier 454 is also mounted to platform 464 and above lED 458 such that light from the LEDs passes through phosphor carrier 454, channel 468 is provided around platform 464, and the lower edge of diffuser dome 456 rests in channel 468. in. Phosphor carrier 454 and diffuser dome 456 can be mounted in position using known mounting materials and methods. In this embodiment, the diffuser dome rests in channel 468 below LED 458 and wavelength converting element 454 rests in channel 473 above LED 458. The relative mounting positions of the top surfaces of the wavelength converting element 454, the diffuser dome 456, the LED 458, and/or the heat sink 452 may vary depending on the embodiment. The diffuser dome 456 can be disposed at a lower portion of the heat sink 452 by providing a channel 468'. This situation can provide several advantages. This situation can result in an overlap between the diffuser dome 456 and the heat sink fins 453 to promote heat dissipation. This configuration may allow the diffuser dome 456 to also be lower to assist in allowing the lamps 450 to accommodate the desired length (such as the lengths provided in the A19 bulb housing). This situation also causes the lower edge of the diffuser dome 456 to be located on the phosphor carrier 154501. Doc - 56 - 201202627 Below the lower edge of body 454, the phosphor carrier is raised substantially within this diffuser dome 456. This situation places the phosphor carrier 454 closer to the center of the diffuser dome 456, which promotes uniform distribution from the lamps 45. There may be some factors that cause the practical limit of the distance that the phosphor carrier 454 can be raised relative to the diffuser dome 456. For example, if the phosphor carrier 454 is raised too close to the diffuser dome 456, yellow light from the phosphor carrier 454 may be visible through the diffuser dome 456. This situation may be unsightly for some light users. In various embodiments, the phosphor carrier 454 can be raised by a different amount relative to the diffuser dome 456. In some embodiments, the lower edge of the phosphor sphere can be raised between the 〇 and the 3 〇 pawl' while in other embodiments the distance from the lower edge of the phosphor sphere can be between 5 mm and 15 Within the range of mm. In still other embodiments, the lower edge of the phosphor sphere may increase by about 1 mm. Lamp 450 is also configured to pass a specific fall and rupture test. The pcB 462 can include electrical conductors, traces, or components that can pose a risk of electric shock in the event of exposure. In order to satisfy such rupture tests, the lamp 45A can be configured such that in the event that either or both of the diffuser dome 456 and the scale carrier 454 are broken (such as 'because of a fall), there is no wire making Dangerous exposure, in order to reduce and/or prevent this hazard, the lamp "〇 contains an electrically insulating layer 47〇 covering the #462 of the PCB 462. The insulating layer can be configured to cover the electrical conductors, traces carrying the L-number , or electrical components. Many different insulating materials can be used, including but not limited to different plastics such as polycarbonate. The insulating layer can be formed separately from the lamp and mounted in place, or the PCB 462 can be used. Once installed in the proper position, the insulation layer is formed directly on the lamp. 154501. Doc-57-201202627 A window 472 can be provided on the insulating layer 470, wherein the LEDs 458 are disposed in the window 472 such that the layer 470 does not block emissions from the LEDs. The edge of window 472 can be angled, which provides an additional advantage that the surface is configured to reflect laterally emitted LED light upward toward the phosphor carrier, which can be useful at the phosphor carrier. The light is emitted. The insulating layer 470 further includes an insulating layer protrusion or channel 473 that is sized to hold the lower edge of the phosphor carrier 454. The phosphor carrier 454 can be quickly and easily disposed in its desired position by placing and mounting the phosphor carrier 454 to the insulating layer and within the protruding portion 470, the protruding portion placing the phosphor carrier 454 in place Aligned in. The insulating layer 470 extends into the fin channel 468 where the insulating layer 470 is aligned and held in place in the channel 468 between the diffuser dome 45 6 and the surface of the channel 468. The insulating layer 470 can also include a second insulating layer protrusion or channel 473 to hold the lower end of the diffuser dome 456, wherein the protruding portion or channel 473 allows the diffuser dome 456 to be quickly and easily placed and mounted to the insulating layer 470, in a suitable location above the phosphor carrier 454 and the LED 458. Different embodiments of the insulating layer in accordance with the present invention can be configured to provide efficient lamp fabrication. In some embodiments, insulating layer 470 can be formed separately from lamp 450, and insulating layer, phosphor carrier 454, and diffuser dome 456 can be assembled into dual dome unit 475 (shown in Figure 20), respectively. The dual dome unit can be quickly and easily mounted to the heat sink and aligned with the heat sink, wherein the second insulating layer projection or channel 473 is located in the heat sink projection 468. Unit 475 can then be mounted in the appropriate position using known methods and materials 154501. Doc -58 - 201202627 Centered. By providing a separate dual dome unit 475, the lamp in accordance with the present invention can also be configured such that unit 475 can be removable and replaceable. This may be especially desirable in situations where unit 475 fails or is damaged or in order to allow access to other portions of the lamp for repair or replacement, such as PCB 462. It should be understood that other embodiments may include a separate unit having a separately formed phosphor carrier 454 and an insulating layer, and then the individual unit is mounted to the heat sink 452. The diffuser dome 456 can then be mounted to the insulating layer 470 over the phosphor carrier 454. These configurations may also allow for the sorting of the cells in the same manner as the sorting LEDs by the emission characteristics. In some embodiments, the electrically insulating element 47, the wavelength converting element 454, and/or the diffuser dome 456 comprise a mechanical coupling or retention mechanism (such as a snap or fit dog and notch) to make it easy to The dual dome units 475 are assembled together as a single unit (e.g., snap fit, thus, when manufacturing different LED bulbs having different optical characteristics, units having different optical characteristics can be easily replaced and/or installed) In addition, if the consumer f wants different characteristics, then the consumer can replace the double dome unit 47S on the existing LED bulb. In some embodiments, the electrical insulating element 47 can include a mechanical coupling mechanism. The dual dome unit 475 is easily and mechanically mounted (e.g., by snaps or mating projections) to the heat sink or outer casing of the LED bulb. In these embodiments, such mechanical mounting or holding features are Electrically insulating elements 47A are described, but such 's' are provided by separate elements that are not electrically insulated or together with electrically insulating elements. Wavelength converting elements 454 and/or diffusers The domes 456 are integrally configured or connected together as a unit to provide manufacturing advantages. For example, 154501. Doc •59· 201202627 Lu, the optical characteristics of the unit can be measured, and the unit can be sorted, for example, in the area of the 丨93丨CIE diagram. Thus, the units can be selected and mated with a solid state light source to achieve a lighting unit having the desired optical characteristics, and can permit consistent fabrication of lamps and/or bulbs having the same or similar emission characteristics. This situation can help to promote consumer satisfaction with the lamp according to the present invention. Referring now to Figure 22, lamp 450 is shown having a bulb housing/profile 476 around it, and lamp 450 is sized and shaped to fit within Α19 bulb housing 476. In particular, the lower portion 478 of the heat sink 452 is positioned, sized, and shaped to fit within the angled intermediate portion 48 of the bulb housing. The shape and mounting of the diffuser dome, heat sink, and Edison connector allows the lamp to be sized such that the overall length of the lamp within the alpha 19 bulb housing can be varied from the angle of the upper portion 482 of the beta fin 452 to the angle shown. It is required to be thermally managed while still allowing uniform emission in accordance with ENERGY STAR 8 performance requirements. That is, the heat sink should provide the desired surface area for dissipating heat while not obstructing the excess light emitted from the diffuser dome 456. In the illustrated embodiment, a line 486 that can be measured from the intersection point 485 above the heat sink and coincident with the angled surface intersects at the intersection 485. The angle between the two lines 486 can be one way to measure the angle of the heat sink surface in the upper portion. In the illustrated embodiment, the intersection point 485 is 139 mm above the lowest point of the lamp 450. This situation corresponds to about 42 between the upper angled surfaces 480. Measuring angle. It should be understood that many other measurement angles, such as 60, can be used. Or 60. Below, 5〇. Or 5〇. Below and / or 40. Or 40. The following angles. In these various embodiments, the coincidence line 154501. Doc -60- 201202627 intersect at different points above the heat sink 450. Different angle measurement methods can be used in other embodiments. Some embodiments may further be characterized by a heat sink 452 that is not wider than the diffuser dome 456 as shown. This situation further helps the lamp 45 to remain in the A19 bulb envelope while still not blocking light from the diffuser dome (4). As noted above, the lamp embodiment in accordance with the present invention can provide an emission profile that is compliant with Energy Star 8. The heat sink structure that allows ENERGY STAR 8 light compliance depends on the balance between the number of fins, the thickness of the fins'' along the contour of the emitting surface (eg 'diffuser dome') Distance, and the angle of the fin relative to the vertical axis of the lamp. For embodiments that are configured to accommodate the ANSI standard profile of A-type lamps (A19, A21, A23) while still providing sufficient fin self-producting for the specified L70 life, these parameters can directly illuminate the fins The number and location of the size 'shape'. For example, in the current embodiment of the heat sink fin 453, the greater the distance the fin 453 extends along the contour of the emitting surface, the greater the angle of the fin relative to the vertical axis, and the fins may be less likely to be allowed. The obstructed area (eg, fewer fins or thinner fins) may allow the lamp 45 to achieve an ENERGY STAR® light distribution. It should be understood that the variations shown in the figures and discussed above.  The hot fin embodiment is only some embodiments of a heat sink fin configuration that meets the desired lamp emission and size requirements. Figures 23 and 24 illustrate the effect that the relative geometry of the lamp may have on the emission characteristics of the lamp. Referring first to Figure 23, a lamp 500 similar to the lamp 450 shown in Figures 19 through 22 is shown, and for the same or similar features, the same reference numerals will be used in describing the figure. 154501. Doc • 61- 201202627 Referring first to Figure 23', a centerline 502 is included from the center of the phosphor carrier 454 to the tip end of the heat sink fin 453. If the lamp has more of a light source that acts as a conventional filament from the center of the lamp, then light will be emitted from all directions in the center of the lamp&apos; some of which is emitted along centerline 502. The surface area of the top region of the heat sink fins 453 added to the light emitted in this manner will have little effect on the lamp emission profile. However, the photochromic sphere as described herein acts more as a v〇lumetric emitter, and the entire surface illuminates in a roughly Lambertian manner. The first triangle 504 illustrates a particular sphere surface area. For less than 67 below the horizontal line. 5. At the angle of the emission, the light may be at least partially blocked by the heat sink fins 453 and may have little effect on the downward light distribution. For the first triangle 504, it is higher than 67 5 . The emission area of the angular emission, the light contributes to the total light emission. First arrow 506a, second arrow 506b, and third arrow 5〇6 (: exhibit different angles of emission from different locations within the first triangle on the phosphor carrier 454, and may indicate that more fin surface area may be self The effects of the light emitted at these different locations. The first arrow 5〇6a illustrates the light emitted from the higher region of the phosphor carrier 454, which regions have the greatest possible contribution to the downward light distribution (due to inclusion ( However, it is not limited to the phosphor carrier 454, the diffuser dome 456, and the geometry of the lamp 500 assembly of the heat sink 452. As shown by the second arrow 506b and the third arrow 506c, the lower portion of the sphere is formed. There is less and less contribution to the downward distribution from the lamp. The emission from the lower part of the sphere contributes little to the downward emission from the lamp, while the emission from the upper part of the sphere contributes significantly to the self-lighting 5 The downward emission is performed. Referring now to Figure 24, the lamp 500 is shown as having a second triangle 5〇8, a second 154501. Doc • 62 - 201202627 Triangle 508 represents the extra surface area added to the heat sink fins. For the emission from the lower part of the sphere, the added surface area has little effect on the amount of light blocked by the diffused sheet M3, but the emission from these areas has little contribution to the downward emission from the lamp, on a self-sphere The light emitted at a higher point is greatly affected. As can be seen from arrow 51(), the angle of the unobstructed emission of light is increased by comparing the first arrow 5〇8a, and the first arrow 508a exhibits an angle from the upper portion of Fig. 23. This situation in turn reduces the amount of light that is emitted downward without hindrance. This situation can cause the lamp to not reach the ENERGY STAR 8 emission characteristics. As an alternative, a larger fin surface area can be added at the lower portion of the tab, but this can cause the fin to exceed the size of the Ai9 bulb. The angles provided in the different embodiments described above provide an angle to allow the lamp to remain within the A19 bulb housing and have the desired uniform emission while still allowing the heat sink fins to have the need to dissipate heat from the lamp. Surface Area 0 It should be understood that the diffuser dome can take many different shapes to provide a dynamic relationship between the phosphor carrier and the diffuser dome that results in the desired lamp emission characteristics. In some embodiments, the shape of the diffuser dome The desired lamp size and emission characteristics can be achieved, at least in part, depending on the shape of the filler carrier. Figures 25 through 28 show the dimensions of one embodiment of a flat diffuser dome 56 in accordance with the present invention. As discussed above and in the patent application incorporated herein, a diffuser dome in accordance with the present invention can have different zones that scatter and transmit different amounts of light from a light source to help produce a desired lamp emission pattern. . In some embodiments, different regions that scatter and transmit different amounts of light can be used by 154501. Doc -63· 201202627 The same area is achieved by coating the diffuser dome with different amounts of diffusion material. This situation, in turn, modifies the output beam intensity profile of the source to provide improved emission characteristics, as described above. In some embodiments, the present invention may rely on a combination of diffuser elements (i.e., diffuser domes) and diffuser coating scattering properties to produce a desired far field strength profile of the lamp. In various embodiments, the diffuser thickness and position may depend on various factors, such as the diffuser dome geometry, the source configuration, and the pattern of light emitted from the phosphor carrier. In an embodiment, the diffuser dome can be configured to convert an emission intensity profile of a two-dimensional LED, LED array, flat phosphor conversion layer, or three-dimensional phosphor carrier into a broader beam profile, such as with an A19 incandescent lamp size and The beam profile associated with the DOE ENERGY STAR® emission characteristics. This situation may enable an LED-based efficient and cost effective alternative to conventional incandescent bulbs. Partial and/or non-uniform coatings have been found to produce a broad beam intensity profile that is desirable for white woven lamp replacements and meets ENERGY STAR® compliance in terms of uniform illuminance intensity distribution. Non-uniform coatings also provide ENERGY STAR® compliance, independent of heat sink and diffuser sphere geometry. In general, proper placement of a sufficient portion of the coating on the clear or uniformly coated diffuser dome manipulates the scattering and intensity profile of the light photon passing through the dome of the diffuser to a better angle. In the case of ENERGY STAR 8 compliance, a configuration may be to redirect the visible light so that the emission intensity at high angles is greater than 12 〇. . These configurations provide an inexpensive 2D source while meeting A19 size and energy 154501. Doc -64- 201202627 Star 8 launches a standard light. A portion of the coating of an embodiment may be present as a coating covering a percentage of the diffuser and having only a single illuminator, or the coating may be spread as a ring or strip along a particular region of the diffuser . Figure 29 shows an embodiment of a diffuser dome 58 having a uniform coating 582 covering a substantial portion of its surface and a thicker coating 584 having more diffusing material. In the illustrated embodiment, the thicker coating 5 spans the diffuser dome 58〇 with a particular viewing angle range, wherein the coating 584 prevents more light from escaping in a particular zone, such that the light is higher or higher. Leave at a low angle. 30 is a graph showing an emission intensity profile of a typical incandescent lamp 592, a diffuser dome with uniform diffusion properties, and a diffuser dome with a band (or region) of LED lamps 596 having more diffusing material. Hey. Overview 594 shows that the uniform coating has a low inspection angle or axial light intensity that is lower than throwing. With 1〇5. The strength between the angles. See overview 596, 45. With 1〇5. The intensity between the two is less than the intensity of the axial light. Due to this intensity shift, the light is greater than 1〇5. It is more intense from the perspective. Profile 596 shows that a lamp with a non-uniform coating can provide an illumination distribution that is equivalent and, in some cases, superior to an incandescent lamp. 31 shows a closer view of the emission profile 596 shown in FIG. 30, showing an emission intensity versus view of an LED lamp having a diffuser with a non-uniform coating (ie, a band or region of more diffusers). Angle curve. Figure 32 is a table listing Energy Star 8 compliance data compared to the performance of the lamp that emits the overview shown in Figure 31. One of the factors associated with ENERGY STAR 8 compliance is the ratio of the minimum to the mean. Some lamps with a uniform coating 154501. Doc -65- 201202627 can achieve almost as high as 26%. By comparison, the emission profile shown in Figure 3〇 can achieve a value of about 17% and comply with the requirement of "less than 2〇%". In this case, the coating with additional diffusion material is placed in the correct position on the diffuser dome or within the diffuser dome (between 45 and 105) to provide the desired broadened emission profile. As mentioned above, additional diffusers can be provided in many different zones or regions on the diffuser dome. Another embodiment of the invention includes a non-uniform coating that can include a plurality of partial coatings. These partial coatings can be applied using any of the methods described in this application, one of which is spray onto the diffuser dome. The coating of the additional diffuser can be deposited near the middle of the diffuser sphere, such as at about 45. To 1〇5. In the range of inspection angles. A second coating of the additional diffuser can then be deposited at the top of the diffuser dome to cover 〇〇 to about 45. Inspection perspective. These combined coatings block the imperfections. With ι〇5. A large portion of the visible light between them allows more light to pass through the diffuser dome at a higher angle. Referring now to Figure 33, circle 33 is an emission intensity profile 600 of a lamp having a diffuser dome having the two-part coating as compared to a profile 602 from a typical incandescent lamp. These profiles are very similar and the two-part non-uniform configuration shown in the table in Figure 34 achieves ENERGY STAR 8 compliance. Please note that the experiments of some of the examples have shown that the (iv) thin first band provides some reduction in the ratio of the most J value to the average (eg &amp; to 27%). By increasing the ratio by step-by-step, the ratio is reduced more (from μ to 24%). It is also experimentally determined that once an additional diffuser is applied to the top of the diffuser dome (at about 45. In the range), it will reach 13% to 19% 154501. Doc • 66 - 201202627 The ratio of the minimum to the mean. This is only one of many different diffuser strip configurations that can be used in accordance with the present invention to produce the desired lamp emission characteristics. Different embodiments of the diffuser in accordance with the present invention can include scattering properties that vary along either of the inner and outer surfaces. In some embodiments, the diffuser can comprise a transparent material (substrate) comprising a diffusing film having varying scattering properties on its inner surface. Other embodiments may include a transparent sphere having a diffusing film on the inner and/or outer surface and/or embedded in the diffuser element 58A. The scattering films can have a number of different thicknesses depending, at least in part, on the film/binder material used, the type of scattering material, and the density of the scattering material in the film. In some embodiments the transparent spheres can have a diffuse film thickness in the range of microns, wherein the film is on the interior and/or exterior of the sphere. In embodiments in which a cellulose-based binder is used, the film thickness can range from 〇·m to _ microns where the film is attached to the interior and/or exterior of the sphere. In the use of cellulose based adhesives - in some embodiments, the oxidized scattering particles can be used with some particles having a diameter of from W microns to 4 () microns. In still other embodiments, the diffusion and diffusion can comprise a transparent sphere, and the scattering film can comprise a mercapto-based alkane-based binder A, wherein the film is within the sphere. Ρ and / or external. In these sinus embodiments, the film may have a thickness in the range of from 1 micrometer to 700 micrometers and may comprise scattering particles made of different materials. Some embodiments may comprise oxidized scattering particles, wherein such embodiments have a range of from 1 micron to 4. Thickness of the particles in the range of 0 micrometers The thickness of the films may be greater than the thickness of the films described above, and may be 154501. Doc •67- 201202627 used. Different binders and particle materials. As discussed, the diffuser dome and diffuser can comprise any of the materials described above and can be coated using any of the methods described above. In some embodiments, the binder material of the diffuser can be an organic polymer (such as ethyl cellulose, nitrocellulose or poly(ethylene oxide)) or an inorganic polymerization system (such as polyfluorene or poly(ethylene phthalate) ester). In still other embodiments, the binder may comprise enamel. In some embodiments, the diffuser may comprise scattering particles of alumina, cerium oxide, titanium oxide, titanium dioxide, or a combination thereof, some of which have Particle size in the range of 1 micron to ι·〇 micron. In some embodiments, the diffuser sphere material can be borosilicate glass, soda lime glass, or a thermoplastic polycarbonate. An embodiment may comprise a dispersion of the ethylcellulose binder to a diameter of about 0. 5 microns to 0. 8 micron alumina particles. The solvent containing a solution of alumina particles and ethyl cellulose may be ethyl acetate, ethanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate or dibutyl phthalate. The ranges described above are applicable to lamps having desired emission efficiencies (such as greater than 85%). Having a thicker layer can result in lower lamp emission efficiency. Figure 35 is a graph 620 showing the thickness variation of one embodiment of the non-uniform scattering film 622. The non-uniform scattering film 622 is located on the inner surface of the flat diffuser 624 as described above. The thickness of film 622 is measured at various heights and ranges from a thickness of about 21 microns and a height of 1 〇 mm to a thickness of about 200 microns and a height of 30 mm. At the top of the diffuser, the thickness of the film is about 44 microns. It should be understood that such thicknesses may vary depending on a number of factors as discussed above, such as diffuser shape, binder material, scattering particles, and the like. 154501. Doc • 68· 201202627 Figures 36 to 41 show different embodiments of a diffuser dome having different diffusion layers configured in different ways in accordance with the present invention. These embodiments are provided merely as examples, and it should be understood that many different configurations may be provided in accordance with the present invention. Figure 36 shows a diffuser dome 630 having a uniform outer diffuser coating 632 and an outer partial coating 634 on the uniform coating 632. The partial coating 634 can be applied using a number of different methods, such as spraying or dip coating. Figure 37 shows a diffuser dome 640 having a uniform internal diffusion coating 642 and a portion of the outer coating 644, which coatings can be applied using different methods, such as spraying or dip coating. 38 shows a diffuser dome 65 having a uniform outer coating 652 and a portion of the inner coating 654. FIG. 39 shows a diffuser dome 660 having a uniform outer coating 662 and a portion of the inner coating 664 having a varying thickness. Figure 40 shows a clear or transparent diffuser dome 670 having a portion of internal coating 672 having a varying thickness. Figure 41 also shows a clear or transparent diffuser dome 68 having a plurality of inner coatings 682, 684, all or some of which may have varying thicknesses. While most of the discussion above has been directed to varying the diffusion characteristics in the region of the diffuser dome, it should be understood that the distal phosphor (phosphor carrier) can have regions of varying concentrations of conversion material. This situation can also help to produce the desired emission profile as well as the desired light characteristics. In some embodiments, the phosphor carrier can have an increased conversion material at or around the top, but the increase can be in other regions. It will also be appreciated that similar to the diffuser coating, the conversion material can be applied to the phosphor support by any of the various internal and external coating combinations described above. For both the diffuser dome and the phosphor carrier, the coating material can be mixed 15450l. Doc •69· 201202627 in the material forming the dome. This situation may allow the fabrication of a diffuser dome or phosphor carrier without stopping deposition of the diffuser or phosphor material. Both the diffuser dome and the phosphor carrier can be formed into a desired shape in which the desired material is integral with the dome. This situation may be particularly useful for forming diffuser domes and/or phosphor carriers from materials that are readily available and easy to use, such as plastic. The diffusion material and/or the conversion material may also be disposed in different regions of the dome material at different concentrations, and may also include different diffusion or conversion materials in different regions. It should be understood that the configurations described above are equally applicable to lighting applications other than the bulb type described above. All or some of the above features are also applicable to regional and tubular lighting. That is, these different types of lamps can utilize different shapes of distal conversion materials and different shapes of distal diffusion. As with the above embodiments, the distal diffuser can have regions with increased diffusion characteristics, or can help produce The shape of the profile to be launched. It should be understood that a lamp or bulb in accordance with the present invention may be discussed in addition to the embodiments described above. The above embodiments are discussed with reference to a remote phosphor, but it should be understood that instead of implementing a light-filling layer At least some LEDs. This (4) can be specifically used for lamps of the type having an illuminator that emits light of different colors. These embodiments may additionally have some or all of the features described above. Figure 42 shows another embodiment in accordance with the present invention within an A19 size bulb housing 〇1. The lamp 700 utilizes a scatter of one sheet having heat sink fins 7 〇 3 (similar to those described above, but having a slightly different shape similar to the above embodiment, the lamp 700 comprising a dome shaped phosphor carrier 7 〇 4 And the dome 154501. Doc •70- 201202627 Shaped diffuser 706. Also similar to the above embodiment, an LED (not shown) can be mounted on the planar surface of the heat sink 702 with the phosphor carrier 7〇4 and the diffuser 7〇6 above the LEDs. The LED chips, diffuser 7〇6, and phosphor carrier 704 can comprise any of the shapes, configurations, and characteristics described above. The lamp 700 can also include a mounting mechanism 708 of the type mounted in a conventional electrical socket. In this embodiment, the mounting mechanism 7A can include a threaded portion for screwing in a standard threaded rotary seat, and the above An alternative installation agency is mentioned. The dome-shaped diffusers 7〇6 can be of many different shapes and sizes, and are "flat" in the disclosed embodiments, and can have different amounts of diffusers in different sections, as described above. The heat sink 702 can include a cavity/housing 71 that houses the power supply unit 712. The power supply unit 71A can have any of the features, elements, or characteristics of the power supply unit discussed above, including but not limited to, a thermally conductive potting material. The power supply unit 712 includes a PCB 714 holding a plurality of electronic components 716 that convert the power supply to a led drive signal and may also dim the light emitted by the lamp 7A. The PCB 714 is shown mounted vertically within the cavity/housing 710 in the lamp 700, it being understood that in other embodiments, the PCB can be mounted in other ways and in different orientations and the power supply unit 712 can include more than one PCB. The above examples have been described with reference to phosphorescent or phosphorescent carriers of different shapes and sizes. However, other embodiments may include different shapes and sizes other than those described above and large j. By way of example, Figures 43 through 46 are shown in a lamp or bulb according to the present invention to achieve a desired lamp or bulb 154501. Doc 201202627 Additional embodiments of small or emissive patterned phosphor carriers 718, 720, 722 and 724. These are just a few of the many different shapes contemplated by the present invention. Although the invention has been described in detail with reference to a particular preferred embodiment of the invention, other forms are possible. For example, various features or aspects of the LED light bulb of the present invention are described with respect to various embodiments, but it should be understood that it can be used and used in a similar manner with respect to any of the embodiments described herein. Each of these features or aspects will be understood by those skilled in the art. Therefore, the spirit and scope of the present invention should not be limited to the above described. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a prior art LED package; Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a prior art LED package; Figure 3 shows the size specification of the A19 replacement bulb; A cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a lamp in accordance with the present invention; a circle 5 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a lamp in accordance with the present invention; and Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a lamp in accordance with the present invention; Figure 7 to Figure 1 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 11 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a lamp in accordance with the present invention; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the lamp shown in Figure 11; Figure 13 Figure 4 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a lamp in accordance with the present invention; Figure 15 is a perspective view of the lamp of Figure 14 with a phosphor carrier; 154501. Doc 72-201202627 Figure 16 is an exploded view of one embodiment of a lamp in accordance with the present invention; Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view of the lamp shown in Figure 16; Figure 18 is an embodiment of a heat sink according to the present invention Figure 19 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the lamp in accordance with the present invention; Figure 20 is a perspective exploded view of the embodiment shown in Figure 19; Figure 21 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment shown in Figure 19; Figure 22 is a side elevational view of the embodiment of the lamp shown in Figure 18; Figure 23 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the lamp shown in Figure 18; Figure 24 is another cross-sectional view of a portion of the lamp shown in Figure 18, The luminaire has a different heat sink fin configuration; Figures 25 through 28 are side views of a diffuser dome in accordance with the present invention; and Figure 29 is a side elevational view of another embodiment of a diffuser dome in accordance with the present invention; A graph of a comparative emission profile of a lamp according to the present invention; FIG. 31 is a graph showing an emission profile of a lamp according to the present invention; and FIG. 32 is a table showing emission characteristics of an embodiment of a lamp according to the present invention; 33 is a diagram showing a particular lamp embodiment in accordance with the present invention Figure 34 is a table showing emission characteristics of an embodiment of a lamp according to the present invention; Figure 35 is a graph showing one embodiment of a thickness of a diffuser layer in a diffuser according to the present invention; 36 to 41 show different implementations of the diffuser dome according to the present invention 154501. Doc • 73·201202627 Example; Figure 42 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a lamp in accordance with the present invention; and Figures 43 through 46 are cross-sectional views of different embodiments of a phosphor carrier in accordance with the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 10 Typical light-emitting diode (LED) package 11 Wire bond 12 LED chip 13 Reflector cup 14 Clear protective resin 15A Wire 15B Wire 16 Encapsulant material 20 LED package 22 LED chip 23 Sub-substrate 24 Metal reflection 25A Electrical Trace 25B Electrical Trace 27 Wire Bonding Connector 30 A19 Size Bulb Shell 50 Lamp 52 Heatsink Structure 53 Reflective Layer 154501. Doc -74- 201202627 54 Optical cavity 56 Platform 58 Light source 60 Heat sink fin 62 Phosphor carrier 64 Carrier layer 66 Filling layer 70 First heat flow 72 Second heat flow 74 Third heat flow 75 Diffuser 76 Dome diffuser 100 Light 102 Optical cavity 104 Light source 105 Heat sink structure 106 Platform 108 Phosphor carrier 110 Forming diffuser dome 112 Mounting mechanism / threaded portion 120 Lamp 122 Optical cavity 124 Light source 125 Heat sink structure 154501. Doc -75- 201202627 126 Platform 128 Phosphor carrier 130 Diffuser dome 132 Threaded portion 154 Phosphor carrier 155 Hemispherical carrier 156 Phosphor layer 157 Three-dimensional phosphor carrier 158 Bullet carrier 159 Phosphor layer 160 Three-dimensional phosphor carrier 161 Sphere shape Carrier 162 phosphor layer 163 phosphor carrier 164 sphere shape carrier 165 narrow neck portion 166 phosphor layer 170 lamp 172 fin structure 174 optical cavity 176 light source 178 diffuser dome 180 threaded portion 182 three-dimensional wavelength conversion element / phosphor carrier 154501. Doc -76- 201202627 190 Lamp 192 LED light source 194 Heat sink 196 Dome-shaped phosphor carrier 198 Diffuser 250 Lamp 252 Heat sink 254 Dome-shaped phosphor carrier 256 Dome diffuser 258 Light-emitting diode (LED) 259 Flat surface/mounting mechanism of the heat sink 260 Threaded portion 262 Body portion 300 Heat sink 302 Cylindrical core/housing 304 Heat sink fin 306 Lower portion 308 Heat sink top portion 450 Lamp 452 Heat sink 453 Heat sink fin 454 Dome-shaped phosphor Body carrier / wavelength conversion element 456 dome shaped diffuser 458 LED chip 154501. Doc -77- 201202627 460 Threaded part 462 Printed circuit board 464 Heat sink platform 466 Mounting screw 467 Screw hole 468 Channel / Heat sink protruding part 470 Electrical insulation / Electrical insulation element 472 Window 473 Insulation protruding part or channel 475 Double dome Unit 476 A19 bulb housing/profile 478 fin lower portion 480 bulb intermediate portion 482 fin upper portion 485 intersection point 486 line 500 lamp 502 center line 504 first triangle 506a first arrow 506b second arrow 506c third arrow 508 second triangle 508a first arrow 154501. Doc -78- 201202627 510 560 580 582 584 590 592 594 596 600 602 610 620 622 624 630 632 634 640 642 644 650 652 Arrow flat diffuser dome diffuser dome uniform coating thicker coated curve typical incandescent Lamp diffuser dome with uniform diffusion properties of the led lamp diffuser dome with more LED lamp emission intensity profile profile table graph non-uniform scattering film flat diffuser diffuser dome uniform external diffuser coating outer portion coating Layer diffuser dome uniform internal diffusion coating part outer coating diffuser dome uniform outer coating diffusion material strip (or area) 154501. Doc -79- 201202627 654 660 662 664 670 672 680 682 684 700 701 702 703 704 706 708 710 712 714 716 718 720 722 726 Partial internal coating diffuser dome uniform outer coating part inner coating diffuser dome part Internal Coating Diffuser Dome Internal Coating Internal Coating Lamp A19 Size Bulb Shell Heatsink Heat Sink Dome Shape Phosphor Carrier Dome Diffuser Mounting Mechanism Cavity/Shell Power Supply Unit Printed Circuit Board (PCB) Electronic component phosphor carrier phosphor carrier phosphor carrier phosphor carrier 154501. Doc -80-

Claims (1)

201202627 VII. Patent Application Range: 1. A lighting device comprising: a light source on a heat sink; a diffuser 'on the heat sink and spaced apart from the light source; and a wavelength converting material a wavelength converting material on the heat sink and disposed between the light source and the diffuser and spaced apart from the light source and the diffuser, wherein the S-light is configured to be mounted in the A19 bulb shell while emitting substantially uniform The emission pattern. 2. If the lighting device is requested, it emits an emission pattern that meets the requirements of Energy Star 8. 3. The illumination device of claim 1, wherein the light source comprises one or more light emitting diodes. 4. The illumination device of claim 1, wherein the wavelength converting material comprises a phosphor carrier having a thermally conductive material. 5. The illumination device of claim 1, wherein the diffuser comprises a diffuser dome. 6. A lighting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the diffuser comprises a diffusing material wherein the diffuser has one or more regions covered by a relatively large amount of diffusing material. 7. The illumination device of claim 1, wherein the diffuser disperses light from the light source and/or the wavelength converting material. 8. The illumination device of claim 1, wherein the wavelength converting material is three dimensional. The illumination device of claim 1, wherein the wavelength conversion material is planar. The illumination device of claim 1, wherein the wavelength conversion material and the diffuser are substantially truncated Spherical-shaped such that the wavelength converting material phosphor and the diffuser provide a double dome structure. 11. The lighting device of claim 1, wherein the diffuser at least partially conceals the wavelength conversion when the lighting device is not operating 12. The appearance of the material. 12. The lighting device of claim 1, wherein the diffuser exhibits a white appearance when the lighting device is inoperative. 13_A lighting device as claimed in claim 3 that provides at least 8 lumens A steady state light output. 14. A illuminating device as claimed, which provides a steady state light output of 65 lumens per watt or more than 65 lumens per watt. 15. The illumination device of claim 13 which is less than 1 watt. Power operation 16. The lighting device of claim 1 provides a steady state output of 800 lumens below 1 watt or 1 watt. 17. Further, if the lighting device is requested, further a protective layer covering the conductive features of the diffuser dome and the wavelength converting material. 18. The lighting device of claim 1, wherein the light source is mounted on a printed circuit board mounted to the heat sink The printed circuit board further includes a protective layer to cover the conductive features on the PCB. 19. The illumination device of claim 1, which emits light having a color rendering index (CRi) greater than 80. 20. The illumination device of the item, wherein the light 154501.doc 201202627 emitted from the diffuser has a spatial uniformity, the spatial uniformity being from 0 to 135. Within 20% of one of the average values within one of the viewing angles 21. The illumination device of claim 20, which has a total luminous flux of 5% or more at 135. to 180. 22. The illumination device of claim 1, wherein the phosphor carrier has a lower edge a lower edge of the diffuser dome. 23. An illumination device comprising: a light source 'the light source on a heat sink; a diffuser' on the heat sink and open to the light source; and - wavelength conversion The wavelength conversion material is disposed on the heat sink and disposed between the light source and the diffuser and spaced apart from the light source and the diffuser. The heat sink comprises a plurality of heat sink fins, each of which has a heat sink. The illumination device emits a substantially uniform emission pattern from the central axis of the illumination device at an angle downwardly; the angled portion, and an angled return to the central axis to the upper portion. The illumination device of claim 23, the blister. 纟 left configuration to accommodate the -A19 size lamp 25. The illumination device of claim 23, wherein the 玄" Xuan expansion thief comprises a diffuser dome and the heat sink fins The sheet does not extend beyond the lateral edge of the diffused dome. 26. The lighting device of claim 23 is a hot Korean film. 27. The illumination device of claim 23, wherein the heat sink comprises 20 to 60 dispersions, wherein the heat sink comprises about 38 heat sinks 154501.doc 201202627 fins. 28. The illumination device of claim 23, wherein the lower section has a 15 相对 relative to a central axis of the illumination device. Or 15 0. The above angle, and wherein the upper section has a one of 60. Or 60. The following measurement angles. 29. A solid-state lamp comprising: a heat sink having a plurality of heat sink fins; a solid state light source mounted on the heat sink; a phosphor carrier on which the phosphor carrier is And above the light source and spaced apart from the light source; and a diffuser on the heat sink, above the scale carrier and spaced apart from the phosphor carrier, wherein the phosphor carrier and the diffusion The device is substantially frusto-spherical such that the phosphor carrier and the diffuser provide a dual dome structure wherein the lamp accommodates a standard size wheel gallery and emits a substantially uniform emission pattern. 30. The solid state light of claim 29, wherein the standard size bulb housing comprises one of the group Α19, Α21, and Α23. 3. A solid state light according to claim 29, wherein the substantially uniform emission pattern satisfies the ENERGY STAR® emission requirements. 32. The solid state light of claim 29, wherein the bulk sheet does not extend beyond the lateral edge of the diffuser [beta] 33. The solid state light of claim 29, wherein the diffuser comprises a diffusing material, the diffusing material along The truncated spherical shape has one or more different concentrations. 34. A solid state light comprising a solid state light source that emits light having a performance of 8 lumens per watt per watt or lumen per watt 15450 丨.doc 201202627 and mounted within an A19 size bulb envelope. 35. A solid state light comprising a solid state light source that emits light having a performance of 80 lumens per watt or more than 80 lumens per watt and having an emission pattern that meets Energy Star 8 performance requirements. 36. A solid state light comprising a solid state light source that emits light having a performance of 80 lumens per watt or more than 80 lumens per watt or more from 10 watts or less. 37. A solid state light comprising a solid state light source that emits light having a performance of 80 lumens per watt or more than 80 lumens per watt and having a color temperature of 3000 Kelvin or 3000 Kelvin. 3 8. A solid state light comprising a solid state light source that emits light having a performance of 80 lumens per watt or more than 80 lumens per watt and having a lifetime of greater than 25,000 hours or more than 25,000 hours. 154501.doc