200950110 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係與太陽能電池有關，特別是指一種葉綠素太 陽能電池。 5【先前技術】 由於環境保護、能源價格持續上漲，以及傳統能源逐 φ 漸耗竭等等問題，用以取代傳統能源的再生能源技術 (Renewable energy)已越來越成熟，同時應用層面也越來越 廣泛。 10 再生能源技術有風力能、太陽能，生質能等多種類型， 各種再生能源技術皆為利用來自於地球環境中之自然資源 作為能源。以太陽能(Solar energy)為例，常見之應用方式係 收集太陽能所具有的熱量用於加熱用途，或是利用太陽能 電池(Solar cell)將光能轉換成電能而供電。 φ 15 目前的太陽能電池大多以單晶矽或多晶矽材料做成半 導體裝置，然後利用半導體吸收太陽所發出之光能會產生 電子與電洞，進而形成電壓降與電流以達到供電作用。 然而，利用矽材之太陽能電池的平均能量轉換效率最 高只有、約15%,其餘85%皆轉成熱能，因而使上述太陽能 2〇電池之發電效率始終無法符合正常的用電需求。雖然有多 種改良式太陽能電池，例如染料敏化電池、串疊電池等皆 可增，太陽能電池之發電效率，但是頂多只能將效率提高 至20%左右，仍然無法大幅增加能量的轉換效率。 5 200950110 【發明内容】 ,因此，本發明之主要目的乃在於提供一種太陽能電 池，其可具有較高的光能轉換效率。 為達成前揭目的，本發明所提供之太陽能電池，包含 5有第一基板、一第二基板，以及一電解質；該第一基板 具有-第-電極’該第一電極包括有葉綠素，該第二基板 ❿ 具有一第二電極，該第二電極包括有脫鎂葉綠素；該第一 基板與該第二基板之間係相互間隔地形成一空間，且其中 一該第一基板或該第二基板呈透明狀，該電解質係設於該 10空間；藉由上述組成，本發明即可達成具有較高光能轉換 效率之目的。 【實施方式】 以下兹配合圖式列舉一較佳實施例，用以詳細說明本 參丨5發明之組成與功效。 請參閱第一圖所示，係為本發明一較佳實施例所提供 之葉綠素太陽能電池，其包含有一第一基板(10)、一第二基 板(20)，以及一電解質(3〇)。 第一基板(10)底面設有一層狀第一電極(12)，第一電極 20 (12)包括有預定量葉綠素，如第二圖所示，各葉綠素之普菲 林環(porphyrin)(40)係由4個比咯環(pyrrole)(42)相互連結 而成之環體，葉綠素中主要吸收可見光的部份是比咯環(42) 中之共軛雙鍵，因此本發明將葉綠素的所有側鏈簡化為單 一氩原子’藉以增加第一電極(12)於單位體積内所包含的普 200950110 菲林環(40)數量。 基板⑽頂錢有—層狀第二電極(22)，第二電極 八匕有預疋量脫鎮葉綠素(pheophytin)。如第三圖所 s 鎂葉綠素可經由對原始葉綠素加酸、加熱或進行脫 :而取得’同時將普菲林環(5〇)中間的鎂離子換成兩個 Λ 。本發明亦如上述地將脫鎮葉綠素的所有側鏈簡化 © 〜—氩原子’藉以增加第二電極(22)於單位體積内所包含 的普菲林環(50)數量。第一基板⑽與第二基板⑽可t 透明狀或是僅其中之一呈透明狀。 '° 、一 = 一基板（10)與第二基板(2〇)係相互平行且間隔地形 成一空間(32)，空間(32)内設有電解質(30)，電解質(3〇)可為 水性、非水性或是聚合物式電解質。 經由上述組成構件說明，以第一基板(10)呈透明狀為 例，當太陽光經第一基板(1〇)照射至第一電極(12)，第一電 費丨5極(12)内的簡化葉綠素之反應中心會因接收光線而傳送出 電子，電子穿過空間(32)至第二電極(22)之簡化脫鎂葉綠 素，使得第一電極(12)與第二電極(22)之間形成電子電洞 對’且兩者間形成電位差，再搭配介於第一電極(12)與第二 電極(22)之間的電解質(30)進行氧化還原反應，即可利用導 20線分別電性連接於第一電極（12)與第二電極(22)而持續進 行電流傳導。 以如第四圖所示之模擬光譜照射於第一電極(12)之簡 化葉綠素，簡化葉綠素的吸收光譜峰值約在6〇〇nm左右， 光線照射於第一電極(12)以後，請參閱第五圖所示之電位分 7 200950110 佈圖，簡化葉綠素失去了一個電子，電位最高處(正電性) 在於中心的鎂離子，而如第六圖所示之電位分佈圖，簡化 脫鎂葉綠素接收了電子以後，最低電位（負電性)位於周圍的 側鏈。再以平行板電容模型估算簡化葉綠素及脫鎂葉綠素 5之間的光致電壓可得知，本發明之理想電壓約為9.4V。 由於葉綠素能有效地將光能轉換成電能，轉換效率高 ® 達70%〜80〇/〇β當本發明利用簡化後之葉綠素搭配脫鎂葉綠 素形成之能量轉換機制時，不但光能轉換效率高於習用矽 材太陽能電池，吸收光能後之轉換過程也可在極短時間内 10達成。而且，葉綠素與脫鎂葉綠素經簡化以後，還更可增 加光能吸收的面積與能力。 θ 藉此’本侧上賴成，即可達成具有較高光能 轉換效率之目的。 树明於_實補情揭露之發_容僅為舉例說 參日月，並非用來限制本案之範圍，其他等效之技術内容替代 或轉換，亦應為本案之申請專利範圍所涵蓋。 8 200950110 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖係本發明一較佳實施例之示意圖，主要顯示葉 綠素太陽能電池之組成狀態。 ' 第二圖係本發明一較佳實施例之示意圖，主要 一 5 化葉綠素之組成結構^ μ 第三圖係本發明一較佳實施例之示意圖，主 ❹ 化脫鎂葉綠素之組成結構。 顯不簡 第四圖係本發明一較佳實施例之光譜模挺圖。 第五圖係本發明一較佳實施例中簡化葉綠素之電位分 10 佈圖。 第六圖係本發明一較佳實施例中簡化脫鎂葉綠素之電 位分佈圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 12第一電極 22第二電極 32空間 42比咯環 15 10第一基板 Ρ 20第二基板 30電解質 40普菲林環 50普菲林環 9200950110 IX. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to solar cells, and more particularly to a chlorophyll solar battery. 5 [Previous technology] Renewable energy technology (Renewable energy), which replaces traditional energy sources, has become more and more mature due to environmental protection, rising energy prices, and the gradual depletion of traditional energy sources. The more extensive. 10 Renewable energy technologies include wind energy, solar energy, and biomass energy. Various renewable energy technologies use natural resources from the global environment as energy sources. In the case of solar energy, a common application method is to collect the heat of solar energy for heating purposes, or to use solar cells to convert light energy into electrical energy for power supply. φ 15 Most of the current solar cells are made of semiconductor devices made of single crystal germanium or polycrystalline germanium. The semiconductors absorb the light from the sun to generate electrons and holes, which form voltage drops and currents to supply electricity. However, the average energy conversion efficiency of a solar cell using a coffin is only about 15%, and the remaining 85% is converted into heat energy, so that the power generation efficiency of the above solar cell battery cannot always meet the normal electricity demand. Although there are many types of improved solar cells, such as dye-sensitized cells and tandem cells, the power generation efficiency of solar cells can be increased, but at most, the efficiency can be increased to about 20%, and the energy conversion efficiency cannot be greatly increased. 5 200950110 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is a primary object of the present invention to provide a solar cell that can have a high light energy conversion efficiency. In order to achieve the foregoing objective, a solar cell provided by the present invention comprises: a first substrate, a second substrate, and an electrolyte; the first substrate has a -first electrode, the first electrode includes chlorophyll, the first The second substrate has a second electrode, the second electrode includes pheophytin; the first substrate and the second substrate are spaced apart from each other to form a space, and one of the first substrate or the second substrate In the transparent state, the electrolyte is disposed in the 10 space; by the above composition, the present invention can achieve the purpose of high light energy conversion efficiency. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings to explain the composition and effect of the invention of the present invention. Referring to the first embodiment, a chlorophyll solar cell according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises a first substrate (10), a second substrate (20), and an electrolyte (3〇). The first substrate (10) is provided with a layered first electrode (12) on the bottom surface thereof, and the first electrode 20 (12) includes a predetermined amount of chlorophyll. As shown in the second figure, each chlorophyll porphyrin (40) It is a ring body in which four pyrroles (42) are linked to each other. The part of chlorophyll which mainly absorbs visible light is a conjugated double bond in the ring of the ring (42), so the present invention will all of the chlorophyll The side chain is simplified to a single argon atom 'to increase the number of the 200950110 film ring (40) contained in the first electrode (12) per unit volume. The substrate (10) has a layered second electrode (22), and the second electrode has a pre-dose pheophytin. As shown in the third figure, magnesium chlorophyll can be obtained by adding acid, heating or stripping of the original chlorophyll, while replacing the magnesium ion in the middle of the phenanthrene ring (5 〇) with two Λ. The present invention also simplifies all side chains of defoliated chlorophyll as described above by increasing the number of phenanthrene rings (50) contained in the unit cell by the second electrode (22). The first substrate (10) and the second substrate (10) may be transparent or only one of them may be transparent. '° , substrate (10) and the second substrate (2 〇) are parallel and spaced apart from each other to form a space (32), the space (32) is provided with an electrolyte (30), and the electrolyte (3 〇) can be Aqueous, non-aqueous or polymeric electrolytes. As described above, the first substrate (10) is transparent, and when the sunlight is irradiated to the first electrode (12) via the first substrate (1), the first electricity meter is in the 5 pole (12). The reaction center for simplifying chlorophyll transmits electrons due to the reception of light, and the electrons pass through the space (32) to the simplified pheophytin of the second electrode (22) such that the first electrode (12) and the second electrode (22) are interposed between the first electrode (12) and the second electrode (22). Forming an electron hole pair ' and forming a potential difference between the two, and then performing an oxidation-reduction reaction with the electrolyte (30) between the first electrode (12) and the second electrode (22), respectively, The first electrode (12) and the second electrode (22) are connected to each other to continuously conduct current. The simplified chlorophyll of the first electrode (12) is irradiated by the simulated spectrum as shown in the fourth figure, and the peak of the absorption spectrum of the chlorophyll is simplified at about 6 〇〇 nm. After the light is applied to the first electrode (12), please refer to The potential shown in Figure 5 is divided into 7 200950110 layout, which simplifies the loss of chlorophyll to an electron. The highest potential (positive) lies in the center of the magnesium ion, and the potential distribution diagram shown in Figure 6 simplifies the removal of pheophytin. After the electrons, the lowest potential (negative) is located in the surrounding side chain. Further estimating the photovoltage between chlorophyll and pheophytin 5 by the parallel plate capacitance model shows that the ideal voltage of the present invention is about 9.4V. Since chlorophyll can efficiently convert light energy into electrical energy, the conversion efficiency is high by 70%~80〇/〇β. When the present invention utilizes the energy conversion mechanism of the simplified chlorophyll and pheophytin formation, not only the light energy conversion efficiency is high. In the case of conventional coffin solar cells, the conversion process after absorbing light energy can also be achieved in a very short time of 10. Moreover, after simplification of chlorophyll and pheophytin, the area and ability of light energy absorption can be increased. θ By virtue of this side, it is possible to achieve higher light energy conversion efficiency. The clarification of the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 200950110 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The first drawing is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, mainly showing the composition state of a chlorophyll solar cell. The second drawing is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the composition of the main chlorophyll is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the composition of the main pheophytin. The fourth figure is a spectral mode of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The fifth figure is a simplified layout of the potential of chlorophyll in a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 is a simplified diagram showing the potential distribution of pheophytin in a preferred embodiment of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 12 first electrode 22 second electrode 32 space 42 ratio ring 15 10 first substrate Ρ 20 second substrate 30 electrolyte 40 Pufelin ring 50 Pfeiffer ring 9