200940207 - 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明關於一種將一連續鑷造設備的二次冷卻作調節 的方法，該連續鑄造設備可為鋼板、薄鋼板、鋼塊、鋼: 或前型鋼的連續鎢造設備’將其具有一可攜帶的殼，且從 錠模離開的鑄造條帶的二次冷卻作用作調節，纟中在咳條 帶導引件的導引滾子之間利用噴水喷嘴將一種水空氣：合 物當作喷灑水在壓力下施到該條帶表面。 ❹ 【先前技術】 在鑄造條帶（GieBstrang)離開錠模（K〇kiUe)後在 所謂的二次（Sekunda〇冷卻區域中作隨後的冷卻及凝固， 該區域一般位在滾子導引件或條帶導引件之間。習知技術 係將二次冷卻作用純粹用水冷卻（單物料冷卻）以及用水_ 空氣混合物冷卻（雙物料冷卻）。作水空氣冷卻作用所需 ❿的喷水喷嘴係個別地或成組地依程序參數——例如鑄造速 度、鋼品質、格式寬度一一而定用所需的水塵力及/或水 體積控制；在此，相關的空氣比例當作固定的調整值（空 氣壓力或體積流）使用。 在德專利DE 31 27 348 A1中提到一種將連續鑄造的鋼 板冷卻的裝置。其中冷卻作用係藉著用空氣_液體喷灑喷流 將數個導引滾子冷卻而間接達成。為了研究這種由空氣水 喷嘴出來的冷卻水之和冷卻作用有關的粒子尺寸，故在一 研九系列中將水壓、水艘積及空氣壓力地互相獨立地變 3 200940207 化’其中粒子尺寸達到小於 _ σ 、 微未。在設備長度有限的時 候’另種方式可將鋼板利用一Λ ,、 ，Α 二氣液體喷灑喷流直接冷 部，然後在隨後的程序步驟中間接冷卻。 w專利（DE 25 GG G79)提到—種將連續鑄造產物冷卻 的裝置，具有至少—個設在導引滾子間的㈣平台，在其 中，從開口出來且交文穿μ& .. 殳又穿過的水噴流及空氣喷流霧化，且 喷灑到所要冷卻的表面上，在y_ 丄在此以下參數在以下範圍變化： •開口直徑在0.5〜5mm， •水量對空氣量的比例在之間 •空乳速度在75米/秒〜音速， •距冷卻面的距離，在5毫米〜3米 【發明内容】 本發明由上述先前技術著手，其目的在將一種用雙物 噴嘴冷卻作用作新式調節，其另一重要成份係為將空氣比 例（壓力或體積）作可變的調節。 此目的利用申請專利範圍第i項的特徵用以下方式達 成·將水量及空氣量當作調節值使用，該空氣量在所予的 噴嘴特性線的場合呈空氣壓力形式，使用由程序資料、材 料資料及設備資料求出的熱傳遞係數（α )。 在作二次冷卻水，施加水的作用利用熱傳遞係數^〔單 位瓦/ (米2。Κ )〕定義。熱傳遞係數α為一種比例因數， 它決定在一界面的熱傳導強度，它代表材料對周圍的結構 (呈一流體形式）的「比特性值」。熱傳遞係數α依在嘴 200940207 嘴上所調整的空氣壓力而定， 口匈隨者壓縮空氣增加，冷 媒的總脈波也提高，且因此減少 四此*减一絕緣作用的阻尼層，該阻 尼層係在冷卻過程時在條帶表 你你带衣由形成者。如此，熱傳遞係 數以或帶走的熱量或達成的冷卻效果都提高。 為了依本發明使用熱傳遞係數α當作調節特性值，該 尺量及工氣壓力調節成使得將一先前求出的熱傳遞係數α 保持曰作^數值，且在儘量相同的熱傳遞係數將調節的調 整作改變’例如用於將成本最佳化。200940207 - VI. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to a method for adjusting secondary cooling of a continuous casting apparatus, which may be a steel plate, a steel sheet, a steel block, or a steel: The continuous steel making equipment of the front profile steel has a portable shell and the secondary cooling action of the cast strip exiting the ingot mold is adjusted between the guide rollers of the cough strip guide A water-air mixture is applied to the surface of the strip under pressure using a water spray nozzle as a spray water. ❹ [Prior Art] After the cast strip (GieBstrang) leaves the ingot mold (K〇kiUe), it is subsequently cooled and solidified in a so-called secondary (Sekunda〇 cooling zone, which is usually located in the roller guide or Between the strip guides, the conventional technique uses pure cooling by water cooling (single material cooling) and water-air mixture cooling (double material cooling). The water spray nozzle system required for water air cooling Individually or in groups, depending on the program parameters, such as casting speed, steel quality, and format width, use the required water and dust force and/or water volume control; here, the relevant air ratio is treated as a fixed adjustment. A value (air pressure or volume flow) is used. A device for cooling a continuously cast steel sheet is mentioned in German Patent No. DE 31 27 348 A1, in which the cooling is effected by spraying the jet with air/liquid. Roller cooling is indirectly achieved. In order to study the particle size related to the cooling effect of the cooling water from the air water nozzle, the water pressure, the water reservoir and the air pressure are mutually interspersed in a series of nine Independently change 3 200940207 'In which the particle size reaches less than _ σ, micro is not. When the length of the equipment is limited', another way can use the steel plate to spray the jet directly into the cold part, then Indirect cooling in subsequent procedural steps. The patent (DE 25 GG G79) mentions a device for cooling a continuous casting product having at least one (four) platform disposed between the guide rollers, in which it emerges from the opening And the water is sprayed through the water jet and the air jet atomized and sprayed onto the surface to be cooled, and the following parameters are changed in y_ :: The opening diameter is 0.5~ 5mm, • the ratio of the amount of water to the amount of air is between • the speed of the empty milk is 75 m/s to the speed of sound, and the distance from the cooling surface is 5 mm to 3 m. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to the prior art described above. The purpose is to adjust the cooling effect of a two-object nozzle, and another important component is to adjust the air ratio (pressure or volume). This purpose uses the feature of the i-th aspect of the patent application for the lower part. The formula is used to use the water quantity and the air volume as adjustment values. The air quantity is in the form of air pressure in the case of the nozzle characteristic line, and the heat transfer coefficient (α) obtained from the program data, material data and equipment data is used. In the secondary cooling water, the effect of applying water is defined by the heat transfer coefficient ^ [unit watt / (m 2 Κ )]. The heat transfer coefficient α is a scaling factor that determines the heat transfer strength at an interface, which represents The "specific characteristic value" of the material to the surrounding structure (in the form of a fluid). The heat transfer coefficient α depends on the air pressure adjusted on the mouth of the mouth 200940207, and the compressed air of the mouth is increased, and the total pulse wave of the refrigerant is also The damping layer is raised, and thus reduced by four times * by one insulation, the damping layer is tied to the form during the cooling process. In this way, the heat transfer coefficient is either increased by the heat taken away or the cooling effect achieved. In order to use the heat transfer coefficient α as the adjustment characteristic value according to the present invention, the ruler and the process gas pressure are adjusted such that a previously determined heat transfer coefficient α is maintained as a value, and the heat transfer coefficient is as similar as possible. The adjustment of the adjustment is changed 'for example to optimize the cost.
為了提鬲效率或者在冷卻作量迅速地受程序影響改變 之時將該水量與空氣壓調節成使得一偏差變較大或較小 的熱傳遞係數（α )儘量快地達到。 本發明的方法用於調整或調節個別的喷水喷嘴或成組 I —共：同的條帶導引件組合的喷水喷嘴的個別區域及或部 分區域實施。 #中有利地在所予之水量的場合將空氣量或空氣壓力 改變以作調節。 . 程序電腦中由程序參數和設備參數計算該決定水 量的水調節值以及該決定空氣壓力的空氣調節值。其中， 除：7熱傳遞係數（α )外，舉例而言，還考慮以下的標準 以計算該調節值， •鑄造迷度 •鋼品質 •格式尺寸 •流過量值 5 200940207 •嘴嘴特性線 •壓力值 •溫度 •表面標的溫度 •凝固標的值 •最起碼能量花費 •最大調節區域的利用 •—定或最大的冷卻功率。 胃利用本發明的方法，在所予之固定的其他程序參數的 場合，達成熱傳遞係數更大的可調節性，且水消耗值及/ 或空氣消耗值減到最小/最佳化’且所要的條帶表面溫度 有更大的可調節性’呈-種料條帶依標的冷卻的形式。 >示。«»，利用本發明的方法可達到以下的優點： 藉著將條帶在條帶導引件中的凝固作用依標的地或 準破地_ ’可改善該鋼板之所產生之表面品質； •條帶表面溫度沿鑄造方向（溫度分佈輪廓）依 調整； 條帶表面溫度垂直於鑄造方向（溫度分佈輪廓）依標 的（例如沿鑄造產物的寬度範圍）； 1條帶凝固作用依標的調節（利用二次冷卻將熱導 離）以改鑄造產品的表面及内部品質； 將一疋之與程序有關的水/空氣比例（壓力或體積 /量）作調節/調節； 矛J用水壓/水量及空氣壓力/空氣量的特性線調整 200940207 冷卻功率； •利用適當的水壓/水量及空氣壓力/空氣量的適當 比例調整冷卻功率。 使得該脈波為最佳者： •利用適當的水壓/水量及空氣壓/空氣量的適當比 例將冷卻功率調節朝向最大效率的方向， •在考慮到所予之提供的能量的情形下，利用現有的 水壓/水體積及/或現有的空氣壓力/空氣體積調整最大 的冷卻功率’以將產能最大化， •在考慮到所予之提供的冷媒（既有的水壓/水量及 /或既有的空氣壓力/空氣體積）的情形下調整最適當的 冷卻功率’以在產生空氣壓力及水壓或空氣及水的體積 時，將冷媒的消耗最小化。 本發明的其他優點及細節在以下配合示意之圖式中所 示的實施例詳細說明。 Ο 【實施方式】 圖1中顯示本發明的調節構想的原理草圖，圖左邊係 一垂直设置的鑄造條帶的一部分，它利用互相間隔設置 的導引滾子（5)支持❶在導引滾子（5)之間各有一喷水喷嘴 (1)，它將錐形的喷水柱（2)噴到鑄造條帶表面以作冷卻。在 圖1右邊的部分中顯示一噴水噴嘴（1，）的例子的調節構想。 求出的或固定的程序參數（18)與設備參數（19)——例如表面 溫度、產物品質及水/空氣比例——送到一程序電腦中， 7 200940207 且在考慮到所要達到的目的之情形下（例如在最大的冷卻 作用最小的能量消耗）被電腦計算，且在計算出所需之熱 傳遞係數α後’換算成所需的水調節值（16)或空氣調節值。 換5之’由既有的水供應（6)或空氣供應（7)將送到噴水喷嘴 (1’）的水量或空氣量控制，利用水調節閥（10)及空氣調節間 (11)調節 這種調節作用利用各一個水體積流量測量器（14)或空 氣體積流量測量器（15)〔它設在該水調節閥（10)或空氣調節 閥（11)前〕以及各一水壓測量器（6)或空氣壓力測量器〔它 設在該水調節閥（1 〇)或空氣調節閥（丨丨）後面〕控制。 在圖2中顯示該根據熱傳遞係數α的本發明調節圖， 呈坐標圖形式。在此坐標圖中，空氣壓力（12)(單位巴）對 水量（13)(單位：升/分）作圖，且顯示熱傳遞係數曲線〇 1、α2、α3，它們根據一定的噴嘴特性線，且代表三個不 同操作狀態《在此，在一條熱傳遞係數曲線上的各能標示 成調節工作點（20)的點對應於一個水量〇3)及空氣壓力^2) 的很確定的調節比例。此圖所示之調節可能方式如下，其 中《1<α2<α3。 調節工作點（20)對應於移動方向（21)沿熱傳遞係數曲線 移動，這點相當於用恆定的熱傳遞係數α調節例如為 了將成本最佳化所實施者，當冷卻調整手段須快速更換 時’調節工作點（20)沿移動方向（22卜直移動到另—熱傳導 曲線為止，在此熱傳導曲線上再沿移動方向用一種=變了 的（但仍維持恆定）的熱傳遞係數α調節水量（…及空氣壓 200940207 (12)。 因此，這種設一可變調節作業的目的的解決之遂（其 另一重要成份為熱到喷水喷嘴的空氣比例）係利用圖2的 示圖清楚地示出。 以下說明用連續鑄造設備的二物料冷卻（水/玄氟） 用的喷水喷嘴的基本調節的數目例子： 二物料喷嘴的一般界限/角落值： 水壓力調整範圍 0.512巴In order to improve efficiency or to adjust the amount of water and the air pressure when the cooling amount is rapidly changed by the program, the heat transfer coefficient (α) which becomes larger or smaller is achieved as quickly as possible. The method of the present invention is used to adjust or adjust individual spray nozzles or individual regions and or portions of the spray nozzles that are combined with the same strip guide assembly. In #, it is advantageous to change the amount of air or air pressure for adjustment in the case of the amount of water to be given. The water adjustment value of the determined water amount and the air conditioning value determining the air pressure are calculated from the program parameters and the device parameters in the program computer. In addition to: 7 heat transfer coefficient (α), for example, consider the following criteria to calculate the adjustment value, • casting density • steel quality • format size • flow excess value 5 200940207 • mouth characteristics line • Pressure value • Temperature • Surface standard temperature • Coagulation value • Minimum energy cost • Maximum adjustment area utilization • Constant or maximum cooling power. The stomach utilizes the method of the present invention to achieve greater adjustability of the heat transfer coefficient in the case of other fixed program parameters to be fixed, and the water consumption value and/or air consumption value is minimized/optimized' The strip surface temperature has greater adjustability 'in the form of a strip of material that is cooled according to the standard. > Show. «», by the method of the invention, the following advantages can be achieved: by the solidification of the strip in the strip guide, depending on the ground or quasi-breaking ground, the surface quality produced by the steel sheet can be improved; The surface temperature of the strip is adjusted along the casting direction (temperature distribution profile); the surface temperature of the strip is perpendicular to the casting direction (temperature distribution profile) according to the standard (for example, along the width of the cast product); 1 strip solidification is regulated according to the standard (utilization) Secondary cooling will thermally conduct) to change the surface and internal quality of the cast product; adjust/adjust the water/air ratio (pressure or volume/quantity) associated with the program; spear J water pressure/water volume and air Pressure/air quantity characteristic line adjustment 200940207 Cooling power; • Adjust the cooling power with an appropriate ratio of appropriate water pressure/water volume and air pressure/air volume. To make the pulse wave the best: • Use the appropriate ratio of water pressure/water volume and air pressure/air volume to adjust the cooling power towards the direction of maximum efficiency. • Considering the energy provided, Use the existing water pressure/water volume and/or existing air pressure/air volume to adjust the maximum cooling power' to maximize capacity, • taking into account the supplied refrigerant (existing water pressure/water volume and / The optimum cooling power is adjusted in the case of an existing air pressure/air volume to minimize the consumption of refrigerant when generating air pressure and water pressure or volume of air and water. Other advantages and details of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings. Ο [Embodiment] A schematic sketch of the adjustment concept of the present invention is shown in Fig. 1. The left side of the figure is a part of a vertically disposed cast strip, which supports the weir in the guide roll by using guide rollers (5) spaced apart from each other. Each of the sub- (5) has a water spray nozzle (1) which sprays a conical spray water column (2) onto the surface of the cast strip for cooling. The adjustment concept of an example of a water spray nozzle (1,) is shown in the right portion of Fig. 1. The determined or fixed program parameters (18) and equipment parameters (19) - such as surface temperature, product quality and water / air ratio - are sent to a computer, 7 200940207 and taking into account the intended purpose In this case (for example, the energy consumption with the least amount of cooling effect) is calculated by the computer and converted to the required water regulation value (16) or air conditioning value after the required heat transfer coefficient α is calculated. Change the water volume or air volume control that is sent to the water spray nozzle (1') by the existing water supply (6) or air supply (7), and adjust with the water regulating valve (10) and the air conditioning chamber (11). This adjustment uses one water volume flow meter (14) or air volume flow meter (15) (which is placed before the water regulator (10) or air conditioning valve (11)) and each water pressure measurement The controller (6) or the air pressure gauge (which is located behind the water regulating valve (1 〇) or the air regulating valve (丨丨) controls. The adjustment diagram of the invention according to the heat transfer coefficient α is shown in Fig. 2 in the form of a graph. In this graph, the air pressure (12) (unit bar) is plotted against the water quantity (13) (unit: liter/min) and shows the heat transfer coefficient curves 〇1, α2, α3, which are based on a certain nozzle characteristic line. And represents three different operating states "here, a point on each of the heat transfer coefficient curves that can be labeled as adjusting the operating point (20) corresponds to a certain amount of water 〇3) and a certain adjustment of the air pressure ^2) proportion. The adjustment shown in this figure may be as follows, where "1<α2<α3. The adjustment operating point (20) corresponds to the movement direction (21) along the heat transfer coefficient curve, which corresponds to a constant heat transfer coefficient α, for example, in order to optimize the cost, when the cooling adjustment means must be quickly replaced When the 'adjustment working point (20) moves in the direction of movement (22 straight to the other heat transfer curve, and then adjusts the heat transfer coefficient α in the moving direction with a = changed (but still maintained) The amount of water (... and air pressure 200940207 (12). Therefore, the solution to the purpose of setting a variable adjustment operation (the other important component of which is the proportion of air to the spray nozzle) is to use the diagram of Fig. 2. This is clearly illustrated. The following is an example of the number of basic adjustments of the water spray nozzle for cooling (water/mute fluoride) of two materials using continuous casting equipment: General limit/corner value of two material nozzles: Water pressure adjustment range 0.512 bar
喷嘴的空氣量 1……20立方米/小時 水量 〇.〇5......40升/分 空氣壓力 0.5......6巴 熱傳遞係數（HTC) 0.5…1000瓦/(平方米。K) 具有充分存在體積或量的供應系統 典型管路值 水壓 14巴 空氣壓力 4巴 基本調節值（對一特定喷嘴） 標稱值 水量 8升/分 空氣壓力 2巴（在噴嘴） 結果（實際值）水壓 3.5巴 空氣量 6立方米/小時 熱傳遞係數 150瓦/(平方米。K)(求出者） 變化的調整（相對於一特定喷嘴）水量比基本調整 值小（藉使用較少的水將能量最佳化） 調節策略（熱傳遞係數150瓦/平方米。K)要保持 9 200940207 標稱值 水量 6升/分 空氣壓力 3巴（在喷嘴） 結果（實際值） 水壓 3巴 空氣量 10立方米/小 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係本發明調節概想的一原理草圖， 圖2係不同的熱傳遞係數α的調節曲線圖（壓力/流 量）。 【主要元件符號說明】 (1) 喷水喷嘴 (2) 喷水柱 (3) 鑄造條帶 (4) 程序電腦 (5) 導引滾子 (6) 水供應手段 (7) 空氣供應手段 (8) 水壓測量器 (9) 空氣壓力測量器 (10) 水調節閥 (11) 空氣調節閥 (12) 空氣壓力 (13) 水量 200940207 ' (14) 水體積流量測量器 (15) 空氣體積流量測量器 (16) 水調節值 (17) 空氣調節值 (18) 程序參數 (19) 設備參數 (20) 調節工作點 (21) 在α保持相同時的工作點的移動方向 (22) 在α不同時的工作點的移動方向 熱傳遞係數The air volume of the nozzle is 1...20 cubic meters / hour water volume 〇. 〇 5 ... 40 liters / minute air pressure 0.5 ... 6 bar heat transfer coefficient (HTC) 0.5 ... 1000 watt / ( Square meter. K) Supply system with sufficient volume or volume Typical pipe value Water pressure 14 bar Air pressure 4 bar Basic adjustment value (for a specific nozzle) Nominal value Water volume 8 liters / minute Air pressure 2 bar (at the nozzle Result (actual value) water pressure 3.5 bar air volume 6 cubic meters / hour heat transfer coefficient 150 watts / (square meter. K) (derived) change adjustment (relative to a specific nozzle) water volume is smaller than the basic adjustment value (Optimize energy by using less water) Adjustment strategy (heat transfer coefficient 150 W/m2. K) to maintain 9 200940207 Nominal water volume 6 l/min air pressure 3 bar (at the nozzle) Result (actual Value) Water pressure 3 bar Air volume 10 cubic meters / small [Simple diagram of the diagram] Figure 1 is a schematic sketch of the adjustment concept of the present invention, Figure 2 is a different adjustment curve of heat transfer coefficient α (pressure / flow) . [Explanation of main component symbols] (1) Water spray nozzle (2) Water spray column (3) Cast strip (4) Program computer (5) Guide roller (6) Water supply means (7) Air supply means (8 Water pressure measuring device (9) Air pressure measuring device (10) Water regulating valve (11) Air regulating valve (12) Air pressure (13) Water quantity 200940207 ' (14) Water volume flow measuring device (15) Air volume flow measurement (16) Water adjustment value (17) Air adjustment value (18) Program parameters (19) Equipment parameters (20) Adjustment operating point (21) Movement direction of the operating point when α is kept the same (22) When α is different Heat transfer coefficient of moving direction of working point
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