200919863 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明有關一種與載送高頻類比信號（諸如視訊、電 視、衛星信號等）及高速數位數據信號之同軸電纜配合使 用之連接器；尤其有關一種設計新穎之同軸連接器，其與 先前既有之連接器比較時，不僅可以更快速地與各種型式 之對合連接器接合與分離，並且可以減少與目標連接器不 同軸或錯扣之可能性。 【先前技術】 目前有多種類型的連接器可用於銜接同軸電信號電纜 上的連接器與另一電纜上的對應連接器或一電子裝置（諸 如衛星/電視接收琴或天線、電子測試儀器、電腦裝置 等）。載送高頻類比信號或數位電信號之同軸電纜與另一 電纜或一電子裝置間的電氣連接，通常使用一對彼此對 合、且可接合與鬆脫的互補連接器。此種連接器對通常包 括一個公連接器部。公連接器部具有一個可導電的圓管狀 外管，其後端與作爲同軸電纜低電位外層導體之編織導電 金屬外皮接合。公連接器部之導電外管內，設有一支位於 中央且同軸軸向延伸之連接器插銷，其與同軸電纜之中心 導體電性導通，或是同軸電纜中心導體之前向延伸部》公 同軸連接器部之中心軸向插銷通常延伸至連接器外管前端 之橫向環形端壁，或稍微超出該處。 200919863 與上述類型公連接器部對合的典型母同軸連接器部， 通常包括一細長形導電外殼’可同軸地裝配在公連接器 內’並與公連接器外管圓筒形內表面成電性導通。該外殻 之後部係與一連接器後端（諸如另一同軸電纜之導電外皮） 電性連接，或例如與一印刷電路板之接地面連接。母同軸 連接器外殻之孔徑內通常包含一絕緣材料製成的圓筒體。 該絕緣材料可爲聚四氟乙烯（PTFE，鐵氟龍），提供優良的 高頻介電特性。母連接器也具有一細長形導電套圈，從介 電圓筒橫向之扁平前端面縱向朝後突伸。該套圈係電性連 接於母連接器中心導體之後端。此套圈通常具有一倒角之 前端進入開口，並可在直徑方向彈性變形，藉此，當公、 母二連接器部在縱向上彼此壓合時，可藉緊壓配合的方式 使公連接器的中心軸向插銷容置在套圏內》 有些如上述類型之同軸連接器對，其結構允許將母連 接器外殼插入公連接器外管孔徑後，即可使公、母二部達 到電性與機械性接合。此種「推入式」或「快速式」連接 器通常使用一種可彈性朝外變形之公連接器外管，以便藉 磨擦力將插入的母連接器外殼夾持在公連接器外管的孔徑 內。爲了提供這種彈性變形能力，典型的推入式公連接器 具有一或多個開槽，從外管之橫向前端面縱向朝後延伸， 因而在兩兩開槽之間形成一可彈性變形的薄片。該外管係 以具彈力的金屬製成1其內徑不變形並略小於母連接器外 殼之外徑，因此，當母連接器外殻被插入公連接器外管之 內徑時，使公連接器外管之薄片可在徑向上朝外彈性變形 200919863 並抓住母連接器外殼。 雖然上述類型之推入式連接器有時是供室內應用，但 是，由於此型連接器與螺紋式連接器比較時，其射頻（RF) 特性不佳，所以通常限於低頻視訊應用用途。此外，推入 式連接器不適於戶外使用，因爲典型的推入式連接器並非 水密性，因此可能允許塵埃及雨水或冷凝液形式的環境濕 氣進入連接器對的內部。此種濕氣不僅會腐蝕與劣化連接 器組件，而且會實質改變連接器對的直流電（DC )與射頻 (RF)電氣特性，因此會造成問題。因此，如專技人士所熟 知，因連接器電氣特性改變，致使具有特定特性阻抗之同 軸電纜連接到不相配的阻抗時，會導致重大的信號插入損 耗與反射。 基於前述原因，衛星碟形天線、戶外電視天線、及其 他戶外設備之同軸連接所使用的同軸連接器對，例行是使 用外殼設有外螺紋的母連接器與外管內表面設有內螺紋的 公連接器彼此接合。此種適於戶外使用的連接器通常包括 一彈性橡膠〇形密封環或扁形墊片，環設在位於公連接器 外管內端的後凸緣上。當螺紋式母連接器外殼向前充分螺 入公連接器外管之孔徑時，母連接器部之橫向前端壁會將 〇形密封環或墊片壓縮，形成水密密封。爲了進一步確實 防止水份穿透連接器對的兩個對合部份，有時會在兩個對 合的連接器公、母部周緣，裝配使用不透水彈性材料（諸 如矽橡膠）製成的管形護罩。 上述類型之螺紋式同軸連接器中，有一種廣泛使用的 200919863 類型稱爲「F連接器」。F連接器之公、母連接器部通常具 有螺紋，分別覆蓋公連接器部外管內表面與母連接器部外 殼外表面之全長。每一連接器部可有相當高的螺紋數，例 如5-8或更多圈螺紋。 全螺紋式連接器的問題之一是，當連接器運用在現場 達一段期間並暴露在不同的氣候狀況中時，連接器通常會 變髒污、腐蝕，若不使用扳手將難以旋鬆。但是，由於各 連接器經常是成組旋緊，實在沒有多餘空間可供插置扳 手。發生腐蝕的原因是，位於公連接器底部的橡膠〇形密 封環雖可阻止水份與濕氣抵達連接器內部，但水份與塵埃 仍可能穿透位於兩對合連接器螺紋間的空隙。因此，連接 器上的螺紋愈多，在其暴露於風雨後，會變得愈難旋鬆。 此外’欲完成的接頭數目增加時，習式的鎖合、旋鬆 作業變得極爲耗費人力。結果，安裝者可能並未完全鎖緊 連接器，因此，即使公連接器基部設有橡膠〇形密封環密 封，仍會再度造成濕氣進入連接器。 連接器內的濕氣會改變系統特性阻抗並造成RF信號 反射’這在任何視頻或射頻頻率應用中都是極不利的情 況’其特徵在於造成反射波損耗（return loss, RL)之 劣化。反射波損耗是電源阻抗與負荷阻抗匹配接近程度的 測量標準。阻抗失配會造成信號功率傳送退化及系統頻率 響應退化。爲了對抗濕氣的問題，經常會使用一種「風雨 護罩」。但是風雨護罩笨重’而且在狹隘空間內用途有限。 風雨護罩雖然略具耐候性，但不具防潮性。而且，日夜間 200919863 的溫度變化可能使水氣進入接頭。 關於全螺紋式連接器的另一問題在於其初始對準。 公、母連接器若未確實對準，即無法對合，造成安裝技師 必須一再嘗試與錯誤，耗費時間。對準偏差可導致螺紋錯 扣，而且，若強迫螺合時，可能會損傷公螺紋及/或母螺 紋而使日後更難旋鬆。因爲錯扣經常會導致不確實的對 合，所以，即使原來提供的橡膠〇形密封環並未移位，也 會增加連接器內腔中蓄積水份與濕氣的潛在可能性。 如上所述，爲了解決全螺紋式連接器的難題，先前技 術中的解決辦法之一是使用一種無螺紋推入式公連接器。 但是推入式連接器構成的接頭並無防水密封與防潮密封， 因此允許水份/濕氣滲入連接器，使其效能退化並造成不 良的反射波損耗（RL )，進而造成系統劣化。 此外，推入式接頭可被輕易拉開鬆脫。同樣麻煩的是， 當接頭被拉鬆時’仍允許公、母連接器彼此扣住對方。安 裝者經常無法確知接頭是否變鬆，因此反而會花費不必要 的時間在別處嘗試尋找系統問題所在。 推入式連接器另一較不明顯的問題是，即使在正確定 位的情況下’推入式接頭與其它同等之螺紋式接頭比較 時’其RL效能依然較差，而且最好用在低頻應用上，而 不適於衛星信號分配與纜線工業高清晰度電視（HDTV)信 號分配等領域中所使用的高頻。 本發明之構想是爲了提供一種改良式同軸連接器，藉 此克服先前技術中與上述類型同軸連接器關聯的問題。 200919863 【發明內容】 本發明目的之一是提供一種電連接器，以使同軸信號 線之導體與目標信號線之對應導體達成機械性與電性銜 接。 本發明另一目的是提供一種螺紋數減少之公同軸連接 器，其包括一導電性材料製成的細長外管，外管之內部壁 面設有螺紋，內螺紋壁面之覆蓋範圍小於外管全長，並可 與一母同軸連接器之圓筒形外壁表面接合。 本發明再一目的是提供一種螺紋數減少之公同軸連接 器，其包括一導電性材料製成的細長外管，外管之圓筒形 內壁上設有一螺紋表面，螺紋表面從連接器外管內部之環 形凸緣壁延伸，直到外管橫向外端壁縱向內縮之一位置； 該螺紋表面可與一母同軸連接器之圓筒形外壁表面接合。 位於外管內螺紋表面與與外管環形外端壁表面間的部份， 則爲無螺紋內管壁表面。 本發明再一目的是提供一種螺紋數減少之母同軸連接 器，其包括一導電性材料製成的細長圓筒形外殼，外殼之 圓筒形外壁表面上設一螺紋表面，螺紋表面覆蓋範圍小於 外殼全長，並可與一公同軸連接器之內壁表面接合。 本發明其他各種目的與優點，及其最新穎特徵，可由 詳閱附隨之說明書、圖式、及請求專利範圍而瞭解。 需要了解的是，此處揭露的發明雖然可以充分達成前 述目的並提供前述優點，但此處描述的本發明特徵僅附圖 說明若干較佳實施例。因此，發明人並無意將本發明之專 用權利限於所述實施例之細節。凡是可從本發明說明書內 容合理推論所獲得的同等結構、變化與修飾，均應包括在 所附請求專利範圍所定義的發明範圍內。 簡言之，本發明涵括一種螺紋數減少之電連接器，用 以達成機械性及電性銜接兩條同軸信號線之中心及外層導 體。根據本發明之螺紋數減少之同軸連接器，包括一位於 外部之管狀連接器本體，該本體定義一同軸位於中央之孔 徑，用以容置一內部的軸向導體。根據本發明螺紋數減少 之同軸連接器，其公型具體實施例之一可與一習用螺紋式 母同軸連接器對合。此公型同軸連接器之外部管狀連接器 本體於其圓筒形內壁表面上，設有一螺紋表面，從該本體 內部之橫向環形凸緣壁縱向朝外延伸。該公型連接器管狀 本體圓筒形孔徑有一縱向上位於外側之部份，係從螺紋表 面縱向朝外延伸至本體學向環形外端壁。此部份是光滑無 螺紋之孔徑，其直徑大於螺紋部孔徑之內徑。管狀連接器 本體孔徑之光滑無螺紋部份，係從本體之橫向外端壁軸向 朝內延伸一小段距離，例如，孔徑2 5 %以上之長度。 根據本發明，公連接器管狀本體之螺紋內壁表面可與 習式之對應母同軸連接器管狀導電外殼之圓筒形螺紋外壁 表面螺合，使習式之對應母同軸連接器與螺紋數減少之公 同軸連接器對合。此種結構允許螺紋式母連接器外殼插入 公連接器本體孔徑之光滑孔徑部一相當距離後，才與公連 接器本體孔徑內之螺紋部接觸。因此，光滑孔徑部可作爲 一管狀前導，確保公、母連接器各自之內、外螺紋表面彼 200919863 此接觸前，公、母連接器先成直線對正。因此，可排除公、 母連接器軸向對準偏差的情況，有助於公、母連接器彼此 緊密螺合。此外，將公連接器內的螺紋數從5_8圈減少爲 1_3圈，可以按比例減少鎖緊與旋鬆連接器接頭所需旋轉 的圈數。 根據本發明一較佳實施例的螺紋數減少之公同軸連接 器’其管狀本體外部有一位於後端外部徑向朝內傾斜之過 渡表面，將本體上直徑較大之圓筒形前部與直徑較小之圓 筒形後部接合。在此實施例中，管狀本體之孔徑內端亦從 孔徑螺紋部內端徑向朝內漸縮。該孔徑於該螺紋部內端與 該漸縮部間的接點，形成一無螺紋之內端，提供一環形凸 緣，其上設置一彈性〇形密封環或墊片。此種結構可對一 母同軸連接器外殼提供一密封的環形接觸面。此外，該公 連接器之管狀本體內有一中央同軸孔徑貫穿該漸縮之內壁 表面，因而對母連接器外殼上向前突伸且無螺紋之倒角環 形前表面，提供一餘隙空間。 根據本發明的螺紋數減少之公同軸連接器，其結構最 好有助於連接器外部導電管狀本體與一同軸信號線外層導 體（例如同軸電纜之編織金屬外皮）間的電性連接。此種結 構例如可爲一位於後方之壓合環圏、一可軟焊或焊接之後 部本體表面、或是任何其他適合的手段。 此外，根據本發明的螺紋數減少之公同軸連接器係構 成一同軸信號線中心導體之終端，其結構最好有助於一母 同軸連接器中心軸向導體與該同軸信號線中心導體間的電 12 200919863 性導通。此種結構例如可爲一貫穿公連接器管狀本體之中 央同軸孔口’用以軸向容置一同軸電纜之中心導體，使該 中心導體縱向朝前突出充分的長度，足以在該螺紋數減少 之公同軸連接器與一母同軸連接器螺合時，容置在該母同 軸連接器之導電性中央套圈內。 根據本發明一實施例的螺紋數減少之母同軸連接器， 其結構類似先前技術中具有一細長圓筒形導電外殼之母同 軸連接器’先前技術中，該細長圓筒形導電外殼設有外螺 紋表面，從該外殻之橫向外端壁延伸，覆蓋該外殼上相當 長的一段距離。然而，根據本發明的螺紋數減少之母同軸 連接器’其外殼之圓筒形外壁表面上，有一段無螺紋表面， 其直徑小於外殼上之螺紋部的直徑。該無螺紋表面從外殼 之橫向外端壁起，軸向朝內延伸一相當長的距離，例如相 當外殼25%以上的長度。此種結構的優點在於可提供預對 準’而且’要將母同軸連接器相對公同軸連接器鎖緊或旋 鬆時’可以減少所需的旋轉圏數，其理由與前述之螺紋數 減少之公同軸連接器相同。 【實施方式】 首先討論先前技術同軸連接器的一些特點，將有助於 了解本發明的優點。 圖1 - 5顯示一先前技術全螺紋式公同軸連接器2 〇與 一先前技術母同軸連接器21 ;其中，母同軸連接器21可 與公連接器20對合。如圖1所示，公連接器20包括一圓 筒形管狀本體22;本體22具有一細長的前端管狀部23， 200919863 係以諸如鍍鎳鋅之導電材料製成。本體2 2並包括一較短 之後端管狀部24，其直徑小於前端管狀部23,並經由一 環形過渡部26而與前端管狀部23後端之後環形凸緣25 接合。後端管狀部24係與過渡部26及前端管狀部23成 電性接觸。通常’連接器2Q前述各部份係以單支金屬管 原料製成的。 後端管狀部24可以同軸方向與一同軸電纜28之編織 導電金屬外皮27達到機械性與電性接合，例如可將後端 管狀部24壓接在編織導電金屬外皮27上。 公同軸接器2〇包括一縱向設置的中心軸向連接器插 銷29;插銷29與同軸電纜28之中心導體30成電性接觸， 並從位於其孔徑31內端或底端之後環形凸緣25朝前延伸 通過前端管狀部23。中心軸向連接器插銷29通常朝前延 伸至少到達前端管狀部23之環形前端壁32 :而且經常超 出環形前端壁3 2 —小段距離。 在一典型的先前技術公同軸連接器20中，其中心導 體插銷29是藉由切開同軸電纜28之絕緣外皮33、編織 金屬外皮27'基礎箔片層34、及介電芯層35而形成的。 切開時，係橫向朝內往電纜的中心導體3 0切割，使中心 導體30留下一延伸段朝前突出，穿過凸緣25之同軸中心 孔3 6，而此延伸段即形成中心導體插銷2 9。 仍請參照圖1與圖2，從圖中可以看出，公同軸連接 器本體22之圓筒形內壁表面37設有一螺紋表面38，其 上包含多數螺紋3 9 ’例如5 - 8圈螺紋。如圖所示，螺紋 14 200919863 39從連接器本體22之橫向環形前端壁表面32縱向朝內 延伸’並覆蓋貫穿本體22之孔徑31的全長；螺紋內端在 後環形凸緣2 5之處終止。有時候，凸緣2 5上設一可彈性 變形之橡膠墊片42或0形密封環。 藉由參照圖1與圖2亦可看出’先前技術母同軸連接 器21包括一縱向細長且具有圓形截面之圓筒形外殼43。 外殼43係以導電性金屬製成’通常有一具梯級異徑之後 突柱部44，其直徑大於外殼43。突柱部44係以導電金屬 製成，可爲前端外殻43延續而成，或與前端外殼43成電 性接觸，並可藉由壓緊環（圖中未示）、軟焊、焊接、或任 合其他適合的手段，而與一同軸電纜之外部同軸導體（諸 如該編織金屬外皮）電性導通。或者，突柱部44可以耦接 於一印刷電路板、設備箱等之接地面（圖中未示）。 仍請參照圖1與圖2，從其中可以看出，先煎技術母 同軸連接器21包括一圓筒形介電芯45，其係同軸位於貫 穿導電外殼43的圓筒形孔徑46內。介電芯45通常使用 PTFE (鐵氟龍）或其他低耗損絕緣介電材料製成。 如圖1與圖2所示，母同軸連接器21之介電芯45 有一縱向朝內設置之中央同軸孔徑47，從介電芯45橫向 圓形外端面46朝內突伸。中央同軸孔徑47內有一同軸定 位之細長導電性金屬管或套圈4 8，以干涉配合且可導電的 方式容置公同軸連接器20之中心導體插銷29。 如圖1與圖2所示，母同軸連接器21之外殼43於其 圓筒形外壁表面4 9上設有多數螺紋5 0 ;螺紋5 Q延伸外 15 200919863 殻4 3之全長。藉由參照圖4即可理解，母同軸連接器外 殼43上的外螺紋5Q可與公同軸連接器本體22前端管狀 部23之內螺紋39螺旋接合。但是，如圖4所示，先前技 術公、母同軸連接器各自之螺紋部有可能發生對準偏差。 對準偏差需要安裝技師花費時間反覆嘗試校正。若是強迫 對準偏差的公、母連接器互相接合，可能會發生錯扣並損 傷雙方的螺紋表面。 圖2與圖3顯示先前技術之母同軸連接器21或公同 軸連接器20上，分別裝配一不透水彈性材料製的風雨護 罩51或52。雖然此種風雨護罩多少可以有效防止雨水進 入公、母連接器內部，但其通常無法有效防止冷凝的濕氣 進入連接器，因此造成連接器金屬零件之腐蝕。 圖5顯示一先前技術「推入式」或「快速式」F型公 同軸連接器。如圖5所示，推入式連接器60之結構類似 上述之先前技術螺紋式公連接器2 Q。然而，連接器6 0之 前端管狀本體62具有完全光滑無螺紋之孔徑7Q。本體62 係以具有彈力之金屬材料製成。本體62上至少有一對（通 常兩對）橫向貫穿其厚度方向之平行切槽’71、72，從管狀 本體62之環形外端壁表面73縱向朝內延伸，因而在兩兩 切槽間形成一縱向設置的矩形薄片74。管狀連接器本體 6 2之孔徑7 0，其內徑略小於母同軸連接器21螺紋式導電 外殼4 3之外徑，例如，略小Q . 〇 1 〇 "。因此，當外殼4 3 被推入本體6 2之孔徑7 0時，薄片7 4會徑向朝外彈性變 形，使薄片7 4彈性抓緊外殼4 3且與外殼4 3成電性接觸》 200919863 切槽71、7 2顯然提供了很大的通道，讓濕氣及麈埃進入 推入式連接器60的內部，使此種連接器類型完全不適合 _ 用於戶外或經常潮濕骯髒的環境。 圖6-S顯示根據本發明一基本實施例之螺紋數減少之 公同軸連接器80。 如圖6所示，螺紋數減少之公同軸連接器80包括一 縱向細長且呈圓筒形之管狀本體82。本體82之前端管狀 ξ" * " 部83係與一軸向對正之後端管狀部84接合。較佳是，前 端管狀部83與後端管狀部84是經由一可轉動之管套節 85彼此接合。管套節85可使後端管狀部84保留在固定 位置，而前端管狀部83則可旋轉固緊於一母同軸連接器， 諸如前述及圖1與圖6所示的連接器21。可轉動管套節 85包括一溝槽86;溝槽86徑向朝內延伸至後端管狀部 . 84之管體87內，恰位於後管體87之環形前端面88後方。 溝槽86內可旋轉地容置一環圈形凸緣89;環圈形凸緣89 Cj 是從前端管狀部83之圓筒形後（內）端壁表面9◦徑向朝內 突出。前端管狀部83定義一縱向貫穿前端管狀部的孔徑 91 ° 較佳是，如圖6、7、8所示，連接器8Q之前端管狀 部8 3有一成階級狀擴大直徑的後部9 2。後部9 2之縱向 外壁表面93上，形成多數縱向設置之扁平表面94，可被 夾緊在一扳手的兩鉗口之間，藉此可用扳手將連接器80 相對一母連接器鎖緊或旋鬆。如圖7所示’連接器8〇較 佳具有六個扁平表面94，其端視圖顯示一正六邊形。 17 200919863 請參照圖6,從其中可以看出，連接器80本體82之 前端管狀部83較佳於其具有均句圓形截面之前端圓筒部 95 ’與一環形過渡部96接合；而前述可旋轉的聯結凸緣 8 9即是靠近過渡部9 6的後部終端。 如圖6所示’連接器80之前端管狀部83通常爲一厚 度一致的薄壁圓管。前端管狀部83係使用導電性材料製 成’諸如鍍鎳鋅，並與後端管狀部84成電性接觸。後端 管狀部84有一縱向貫穿全長之孔徑97 ;孔徑97與貫穿 前端管狀部83之孔徑91在軸向上成一直線。貫穿後端管 狀部84之孔徑97 ’具有一後端進入口 98,可供一同軸電 纜28插置，並經壓合、壓縮、或任何其他適當手段而與 同軸電纜28之編織金屬外皮27連接（請參閱圖1)。 請繼續參照圖6，從其中可以看出，架構爲欲與母連 接器21連接的連接器80，具有一縱向設置的中央同軸連 接器插銷99 ’以便在同軸電纜28之中心導體30與母連 接器21之中央導體48間，達成電性導通。中央軸向連接 器插銷99較佳向前延伸，至少伸及前端管狀部83之環形 前端壁100’更佳是從環形前端壁1〇〇朝外伸出一小段距 離。較佳是’中央同軸連接器插銷99是藉由切開同軸電 績28之絕緣外皮33、編織金屬外皮27、基礎箔片層34、 及介電芯層35而形成的。切開時，係橫向朝內往電纜的 中心導體30切割，使電纜中心導體30留下一段未切割的 部份’穿過後端管狀部8 4之孔徑9 7與前端管狀部8 3之 孔徑91朝前突出。此延伸段即形成中央連接器插銷9 9。 18 B靑繼續參照圖6，從其中可以看出，縱向位於連接器 8〇前端管狀部83內面之圓筒形內壁表面101，於其後部 1〇2設有一螺紋表面103;螺紋表面1Q3上有多圈螺紋 104 ’例如一至三圈。如圖6所示，螺紋表面1〇3係從位 於前端管狀部83後端之環形凸緣壁105縱向朝前端管狀 部83之環形前端壁100延伸，並在與環形前端壁100後 方偏位一相當距離之位置終止，使前端管狀部83位於後 方螺紋部1〇2與環形前端壁表面1QQ之間的前部1Q7,具 有光滑的無螺紋表面1〇8，因此在前端管狀部83向內形 成一光滑之進入孔徑109。 位於前端管狀部83前部107的光滑進入孔徑109， 其直徑大於後部螺紋表面103之螺紋直徑，並大於可與連 接器8〇對合之母連接器21於其前端外螺紋管狀部43的 直徑。根據本發明之公同軸連接器80,具有螺紋數減少的 新穎結構，此種結構提供了優於先前技術同軸連接器的重 要操作優點，以下將說明之。 因此，公連接器80與母連接器21連接時，係將母連 接器21的前端管狀部43插入公連接器80前部的光滑進 入孔徑109。公連接器80的孔徑109，其直徑恰好略大 於母連接器21前端管狀部43的直徑，例如，略大 0.010"。因此，前端管狀部83的光滑孔徑1Q9可作爲一 導管或前導管，強迫母連接器21前端管狀部43之軸線平 行公連接器8 0前端管狀部8 3之軸線。因此，當公、母連 接器8 0、21被相互推合並足以使母連接器之螺紋部前端 200919863 接觸公連接器內位於螺紋部最前方（最外端）之螺紋1 〇 4 時，公、母連接器之軸線大致已被強迫對正成一直線。如 此對正可確保公連接器80以其縱軸爲中心依預定的順時 或逆時方向旋轉時（視螺紋表面1〇3所選用的螺旋特性而 定），公連接器之螺紋104會與母連接器之螺紋50螺旋接 合，沒有對準偏差或錯扣的可能性。此外，以相反方向旋 轉公連接器80使之從母連接器21鬆脫時，由於母連接器 前端管狀部43前方有相當長的一段是容置在公連接器上 光滑的前導進入孔徑部107內，強迫兩連接器成軸向對 正，所以可確保公、母連接器上的螺紋在最後的對合螺紋 鬆脫時，都不會有連接器軸線對準偏差而受損的可能。而 在先前技術之全螺紋式連接器中，則可能在旋鬆連接器時 發生螺紋損傷的情形。 如圖6所不，根據本發明之連接器80較佳包括一彈 性扁形墊片或0形密封環110，設於內螺紋孔徑103底部 之環形凸緣壁1 0 5上。 圖9顯示另一螺紋數減少之公同軸連接器1 2 Q，係以 上配合圖6~8所述公同軸連接器80的變化之—。螺紋數 減少之公同軸連接器12〇其結構方式有助於連接器與兩種 母同軸連接器對合。其中一種母同軸連接器21到其圓形 即^?5面121爲止’全部設有螺紋；另—種母同軸連接器 2 1 Α其前端面1 2 1 Α則經由一徑向朝外漸縮之環形倒角周 緣面1MA而與母連接器之圓筒形螺紋表面接合。 如圖9所示，螺紋數減少之公同軸連接器1 2 〇具有一本體 20 200919863 1 3 2，其前端管狀部1 3 3與後端管狀部1 3 4係相對彼此固 定，因此與圖6-8所示連接器8〇前、後端管狀部83、84 經由可轉動之管套節85接合的情況不同。然而，連接器 12〇顯然亦可包括一可轉動之管套節，使連接器前、後端 管狀部133、134間可相對旋轉。 如圖9所示，連接器12〇之前端管狀部133其內部 結構類似圖6-8所示連接器80前端管狀部83之內部結 構。因此，連接器120前端管狀部133之縱向圓筒形內壁 表面141於其後部I42上設有一螺紋表面143。螺紋表面 I43內具有多圈螺紋I44 ’例如一至三圈。如圖9所示， 螺紋表面143從設於前端管狀部133圓筒形內壁表面141 內的〇形密封環溝槽145(靠近後方推拔狀過渡部147之 前端），往前端管狀部133環形前端壁表面148延伸，並 在與環形前端壁表面148後方偏位一相當距離之位置終 止。較佳是，〇形密封環溝槽1 4 5內裝配一彈性〇形密封 環1 4 5 A。位於後螺紋部1 4 2與環形前端壁表面1 4 8之間 的前端管狀部133之前部149,具有光滑之無螺紋表面 150，因此形成通往前端管狀部的光滑進入孔徑151。 仍請參照圖9，從其中可以看出，連接器120前端管 狀部133後方之推拔狀過渡部147,具有一推拔狀的擴孔 (錐口孔）152，從0形密封環145軸向朝後延伸。擴孔 152與貫穿前端管狀部133的孔徑151成軸向對正，並提 供一凹陷之餘隙空間，用以容置母連接器2 1 A前端的倒角 邊緣1 2 2 A。 21 200919863 圖10-12顯示根據本發明用於同軸連接器的「風雨護 套」180。如圖10所示之風雨護套180是用不透水之彈 性材料（諸如矽橡膠）製成的，具有薄而厚度一致的本體 181。風雨護套180之本體181其形狀如一圓筒182,定 義一縱向貫穿之圓形截面孔徑183。孔徑183之直徑適於 緊配合在連接器80前端管狀部83之圓筒形外壁表面8 3A 上，亦即，孔徑1 8 3之直徑比前端管狀部外徑約小 0.010"。風雨護套本體181之橫向環形前端壁186,形 成徑向朝內突出之環形凸緣187。凸緣187具有貫穿其厚 度方向之同軸圓形穿孔188。穿孔188之直徑比母連接器 21前端螺紋管狀部4 3之最小直徑略小例如〇 . Q 1 〇 "。因 此，如圖12所示，當附有風雨護套180的公連接器80 鎖合到母連接器21時，風雨護套前端凸緣部187穿孔188 之內圓周壁189會彈性透入母連接器螺紋外殼43上的螺 紋根部19Q，藉此形成緊密的防水防塵密封。 圖1 3顯示根據本發明螺紋數減少之母同軸連接器 2 0 0。如圖1 3所示，螺紋數減少之母同軸連接器2 0 0之 結構大致類似圖1所示先前技術母同軸連接器21。因此， 連接器200具有以導電材料製成的縱向細長且有圓形截面 之圓筒形外殼203。外殼203於其圓筒形外壁表面209 上設有螺紋21〇。螺紋從連接器基部211向前朝連接 器外殼之環形前端壁表面216延伸，並在與環形前端壁表 面216向內偏位一相當距離之位置終止。位於連接器200 後方螺紋部2 1 Q與環形前端壁表面2 1 6之間的前部2 1 7， 22 200919863 則具有光滑的無螺紋表面21S，因此形成一光滑之前導圓 筒 219。 螺紋數減少之母同軸連接器206,其前導圓筒219之 直徑比標準公同軸連接器20前端管狀部23內表面37上 的螺紋3 9的最小內徑，略小例如0 . 0 1 〇 "。因此，位於螺 紋數減少之母同軸連接器200前部217之光滑圓柱部219 可作爲導引圓筒或前導圓筒；當母連接器200被局部插入 公連接器20時，光滑圓筒部219可強迫公、母連接器之 軸線大致成平行。因此，當公、母連接器20、200被充分 推合而使母連接器2〇〇之螺紋部前端接觸公連接器·2 0之 最前（外）端螺紋39時，即可強迫公、母連接器之軸線大 致對正成一直線。如此對正可確保公連接器20以其縱軸 爲中心依預定的順時或逆時方向旋轉時（視螺紋表面38所 選用的螺旋特性而定），公連接器之螺紋39會與母連接器 之螺紋210螺旋接合，沒有對準偏差或錯扣的可能性。此 外，以相反方向旋轉公連接器20使之從母連接器200鬆 脫時，由於母連接器前端管狀部203前方有相當長度的前 導圓筒219是容置在公連接器的孔徑部內，強迫兩連接器 成軸向對正，所以可確保公、母連接器上的螺紋都不會在 最後的對合螺紋鬆脫時，因爲連接器軸線對準偏差而受 損。而在先前技術之全螺紋式連接器中，則可能在旋鬆連 接器時發生螺紋損傷的情形。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1爲一先前技術公同軸連接器及其互補對應母同軸 23 200919863 連接器之部份剖面圖： 圖2顯示圖1所示先前技術連接器對在其母連接器上 裝配一風雨護罩； 圖3類似圖1，但顯示風雨護罩裝配在公連接器上.： 圖4爲圖1所示先前技術連接器對之部份剖面圖，顯 示公、母連接器之螺紋表面對準偏差； 圖5爲一先前技術推入式公同軸連接器及其互補對應 母同軸連接器之部份剖面圖； 圖6爲一部份剖面圖，顯示根據本發明螺紋數減少之 公同軸連接器及與其互補對應之未倒角母連接器；.· 圖6A爲圖6所示公連接器之縱向垂直剖面圖； 圖7爲圖6所示公連接器之後視立面圖； 圖8爲圖6所示公連接器之前視立面圖： 圖9爲一部份剖面圖，顯示圖6所示公同軸連接器變 化之一，及與其互補對應之已倒角及未倒角母連接器； 圖10爲一部份剖面圖，顯示圖' 6所示公同軸連接器 另一變化及與其互補對應之母同軸連接器，其中之公同軸 連接器包括根據本發明之「風雨護套」； 圖11爲圖10所示連接器與風雨護套之前視立面圖； 圖12類似圖10，但顯示公、母連接器已完全螺合； 以及 圖13爲一部份剖面圖，顯示根據本發明螺紋數減少 之母同軸連接器及與其互補對應之公連接器。 【主要元件符號說明】 24 200919863200919863 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a connector for use with a coaxial cable carrying a high frequency analog signal (such as video, television, satellite signal, etc.) and a high speed digital data signal; A novelly designed coaxial connector that not only allows faster engagement and disengagement with various types of mating connectors, but also reduces the likelihood of different axes or misalignment with the target connector when compared to previously existing connectors. Sex. [Prior Art] There are currently many types of connectors that can be used to connect a connector on a coaxial electrical signal cable with a corresponding connector on another cable or an electronic device (such as a satellite/television receiver or antenna, an electronic test instrument, a computer). Device, etc.). An electrical connection between a coaxial cable carrying a high frequency analog signal or a digital electrical signal and another cable or an electronic device typically utilizes a pair of complementary connectors that are mated to each other and engageable and detachable. Such a connector pair typically includes a male connector portion. The male connector portion has an electrically conductive, round tubular outer tube joined at its rear end to a braided conductive metal sheath that is a low potential outer conductor of the coaxial cable. The conductive outer tube of the male connector portion is provided with a centrally located coaxially extending connector pin that is electrically connected to the central conductor of the coaxial cable or to the central extension of the central conductor of the coaxial cable. The central axial pin of the body generally extends to or slightly beyond the lateral annular end wall of the front end of the outer tube of the connector. 200919863 A typical female coaxial connector portion that mates with a male connector portion of the type described above, typically includes an elongated conductive housing that can be coaxially mounted within the male connector and electrically coupled to the cylindrical inner surface of the male connector outer tube Sexual conduction. The rear portion of the housing is electrically connected to a connector rear end (such as the conductive outer skin of another coaxial cable) or, for example, to a ground plane of a printed circuit board. The bore of the female coaxial connector housing typically includes a cylindrical body of insulating material. The insulating material can be polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, Teflon) and provides excellent high frequency dielectric properties. The female connector also has an elongated conductive collar projecting longitudinally rearward from the flat front end face of the dielectric cylinder. The ferrule is electrically connected to the rear end of the center conductor of the female connector. The ferrule usually has a chamfered front end opening and is elastically deformable in the diameter direction, whereby when the male and female connector portions are press-fitted to each other in the longitudinal direction, the male connection can be made by a press fit. The central axial plug of the device is housed in the sleeve. Some coaxial connector pairs of the above type, the structure allows the female connector housing to be inserted into the outer diameter of the male connector, so that the male and female parts can be electrically Sexual and mechanical joints. Such "push-in" or "fast" connectors typically use a male connector outer tube that is resiliently deformable outwardly to clamp the inserted female connector housing to the outer diameter of the male connector outer tube by friction. Inside. In order to provide such elastic deformation capability, a typical push-in male connector has one or more slots extending longitudinally rearward from the lateral front end face of the outer tube, thereby forming an elastically deformable sheet between the two slots. . The outer tube is made of elastic metal 1 and its inner diameter is not deformed and is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the female connector housing. Therefore, when the female connector housing is inserted into the inner diameter of the outer tube of the male connector, The sheet of the outer tube of the connector can be elastically deformed outward in the radial direction of 200919863 and grasp the female connector housing. Although push-in connectors of the above type are sometimes used indoors, this type of connector is generally limited to low frequency video applications because of its poor radio frequency (RF) characteristics when compared to threaded connectors. In addition, push-in connectors are not suitable for outdoor use because typical push-in connectors are not watertight and may allow ambient moisture in the form of dust or condensate to enter the interior of the connector pair. Such moisture not only corrodes and deteriorates the connector assembly, but also substantially changes the direct current (DC) and radio frequency (RF) electrical characteristics of the connector pair, thus causing problems. Therefore, as is well known to the skilled person, significant changes in signal insertion loss and reflection are caused by the fact that the electrical characteristics of the connector change such that a coaxial cable having a particular characteristic impedance is connected to a mismatched impedance. For the foregoing reasons, coaxial connector pairs used for coaxial connection of satellite dish antennas, outdoor television antennas, and other outdoor equipment are routinely provided with female connectors having external threads and external threads on the inner surface of the outer tube. The male connectors are joined to each other. Such connectors suitable for outdoor use typically include an elastomeric rubber dome seal or flat gasket that is disposed on the rear flange at the inner end of the outer tube of the male connector. When the threaded female connector housing is fully threaded forward into the outer diameter of the male connector outer tube, the lateral front end wall of the female connector portion compresses the serpentine seal ring or gasket to form a watertight seal. In order to further prevent the two opposing portions of the water penetrating connector pair, sometimes at the circumference of the male and female ends of the two mating connectors, the assembly is made of a water-impermeable elastic material such as ruthenium rubber. Tubular shroud. Among the above types of threaded coaxial connectors, there is a widely used type of 200919863 called "F connector". The male and female connector portions of the F connector are usually threaded to cover the entire length of the outer surface of the outer tube of the male connector portion and the outer surface of the outer housing portion of the female connector portion. Each connector portion can have a relatively high number of threads, such as 5-8 or more threads. One of the problems with fully threaded connectors is that when the connector is used in the field for a period of time and exposed to different weather conditions, the connector is often dirty and corroded, and it is difficult to unscrew without using a wrench. However, since the connectors are often screwed in groups, there is really no room for the wrench to be inserted. Corrosion occurs because the rubber-shaped seal ring at the bottom of the male connector prevents moisture and moisture from reaching the inside of the connector, but moisture and dust can still penetrate the gap between the threads of the two mating connectors. Therefore, the more threads on the connector, the more difficult it becomes to loosen after exposure to wind and rain. In addition, when the number of joints to be completed is increased, the conventional locking and unscrewing operations become extremely labor-intensive. As a result, the installer may not fully lock the connector, so even if the male connector base is provided with a rubber-shaped seal ring seal, moisture will again be allowed to enter the connector. Moisture in the connector can alter the system's characteristic impedance and cause RF signal reflections. This is a very unfavorable condition in any video or RF frequency application. It is characterized by degradation of the return loss (RL). The reflected wave loss is a measure of how close the source impedance is to the load impedance. Impedance mismatch can cause signal power transmission degradation and system frequency response degradation. In order to combat the problem of moisture, a "wind and rain shield" is often used. However, wind and rain shields are bulky and have limited use in confined spaces. Although the weather shield is slightly weather resistant, it is not moisture resistant. Moreover, temperature changes during the night of 200919863 may cause moisture to enter the joint. Another problem with full threaded connectors is their initial alignment. If the male and female connectors are not properly aligned, they cannot be combined, causing the installation technician to repeatedly try and error, which is time consuming. Alignment deviation can cause thread misalignment, and if the screw is forced, the male thread and/or the female thread may be damaged and it may be more difficult to loosen in the future. Because the wrong buckle often leads to an inconsistent match, even if the rubber ring seal provided originally is not displaced, it increases the potential for moisture and moisture in the cavity of the connector. As noted above, one of the prior art solutions to solve the problem of full threaded connectors is to use a screwless push-in male connector. However, the push-in connector does not have a waterproof seal and a moisture-proof seal, thus allowing moisture/moisture to penetrate the connector, degrading its performance and causing poor reflected wave loss (RL), which in turn causes system degradation. In addition, the push-in fitting can be easily pulled loose. It is also cumbersome to allow the male and female connectors to hold each other when the connector is pulled loose. The installer often does not know if the connector is loose, so it will take unnecessary time to try to find the system problem elsewhere. Another less obvious problem with push-in connectors is that even when properly positioned, 'push-in connectors are less efficient than other equivalent threaded joints' and their RL performance is still poor, and is best used in low frequency applications. It is not suitable for high frequency used in satellite signal distribution and cable industrial high definition television (HDTV) signal distribution. The idea of the present invention is to provide an improved coaxial connector whereby the problems associated with coaxial connectors of the type described above are overcome. 200919863 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION One object of the present invention is to provide an electrical connector for mechanically and electrically connecting a conductor of a coaxial signal line with a corresponding conductor of a target signal line. Another object of the present invention is to provide a male coaxial connector with reduced number of threads, comprising an elongated outer tube made of a conductive material, the inner wall of the outer tube is provided with a thread, and the inner thread wall surface coverage is smaller than the outer tube length. And can be engaged with the cylindrical outer wall surface of a female coaxial connector. A further object of the present invention is to provide a male coaxial connector having a reduced number of threads, comprising an elongated outer tube made of a conductive material, the cylindrical inner wall of the outer tube being provided with a threaded surface, the threaded surface being external from the connector The annular flange wall inside the tube extends until one of the laterally outer end walls of the outer tube is longitudinally retracted; the threaded surface is engageable with the cylindrical outer wall surface of a female coaxial connector. The portion between the inner threaded surface of the outer tube and the outer annular end wall surface of the outer tube is the unthreaded inner tube wall surface. A further object of the present invention is to provide a female coaxial connector with reduced number of threads, comprising an elongated cylindrical outer casing made of a conductive material, the cylindrical outer wall surface of the outer casing is provided with a thread surface, and the thread surface coverage is smaller than The outer casing is of full length and is engageable with the inner wall surface of a male coaxial connector. Other objects and advantages of the present invention, as well as the most novel features thereof, will be apparent from the description, the drawings, and the claims. It is to be understood that the invention disclosed herein is capable of <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; Therefore, the inventors do not intend to limit the invention's specific rights to the details of the embodiments. Equivalent structures, changes, and modifications may be included within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Briefly, the present invention encompasses an electrical connector having a reduced number of threads for mechanically and electrically engaging the center and outer conductors of two coaxial signal lines. The coaxial connector having a reduced number of threads according to the present invention includes an outer tubular connector body defining a coaxially located bore for receiving an inner axial conductor. According to the present invention, one of the male embodiment of the reduced number of threads can be combined with a conventional threaded female coaxial connector. The outer tubular connector body of the male coaxial connector has a threaded surface on its cylindrical inner wall surface extending longitudinally outwardly from the transverse annular flange wall inside the body. The male connector tubular body cylindrical bore has a longitudinally outwardly located portion extending longitudinally outwardly from the threaded surface to the body to the annular outer end wall. This portion is a smooth, unthreaded aperture having a diameter greater than the inner diameter of the threaded bore. Tubular Connector The smooth, unthreaded portion of the body aperture extends axially inwardly from the lateral outer end wall of the body by a small distance, for example, a length of more than 25% of the aperture. According to the present invention, the threaded inner wall surface of the tubular body of the male connector can be screwed with the cylindrical threaded outer wall surface of the tubular female conductive connector of the corresponding female coaxial connector, so that the corresponding female coaxial connector and the number of threads of the conventional type are reduced. The male coaxial connector is aligned. This configuration allows the threaded female connector housing to be inserted into the threaded portion of the male connector body bore a considerable distance after insertion into the smooth aperture portion of the male connector body bore. Therefore, the smooth aperture portion can be used as a tubular leading guide to ensure the inner and outer thread surfaces of the male and female connectors. Before the contact is made, the male and female connectors are aligned in a straight line. Therefore, the axial misalignment of the male and female connectors can be excluded, which helps the male and female connectors to be tightly screwed to each other. In addition, reducing the number of threads in the male connector from 5_8 turns to 1_3 turns can proportionally reduce the number of turns required to lock and unscrew the connector joint. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a male coaxial connector having a reduced number of threads has a tubular body having a transition surface which is inclined radially inwardly on the outside of the rear end, and a cylindrical front portion and a diameter having a larger diameter on the body. The smaller cylindrical rear joint engages. In this embodiment, the inner end of the bore of the tubular body also tapers radially inward from the inner end of the bore threaded portion. The aperture is formed at the joint between the inner end of the threaded portion and the tapered portion to form an unthreaded inner end, providing an annular flange on which an elastic serpentine seal ring or spacer is disposed. This configuration provides a sealed annular contact surface for a female coaxial connector housing. In addition, the tubular body of the male connector has a central coaxial aperture extending through the tapered inner wall surface to provide a clearance space for the forwardly projecting and unthreaded chamfered annular front surface of the female connector housing. The male coaxial connector having a reduced number of threads according to the present invention preferably has a structure which facilitates electrical connection between the outer conductive tubular body of the connector and a coaxial signal line outer conductor (e.g., a braided metal sheath of a coaxial cable). Such a structure can be, for example, a press ring located at the rear, a surface that can be soldered or welded, or any other suitable means. In addition, the male coaxial connector with reduced number of threads according to the present invention constitutes a terminal end of a coaxial signal line center conductor, and its structure preferably contributes to a central coaxial conductor between a central coaxial connector and a central conductor of the coaxial signal line. Electricity 12 200919863 sexual conduction. Such a structure may be, for example, a central coaxial opening through the tubular body of the male connector for axially receiving a central conductor of a coaxial cable, such that the central conductor protrudes longitudinally forwardly for a sufficient length, sufficient to reduce the number of threads When the male coaxial connector is screwed with a female coaxial connector, it is received in the conductive central ferrule of the female coaxial connector. A female coaxial connector having a reduced number of threads according to an embodiment of the present invention is similar in structure to a female coaxial connector having an elongated cylindrical conductive housing in the prior art. In the prior art, the elongated cylindrical conductive housing is provided with an outer The threaded surface extends from the laterally outer end wall of the outer casing to cover a substantial distance over the outer casing. However, the female coaxial connector of the reduced number of threads according to the present invention has a non-threaded surface on the cylindrical outer wall surface of the outer casing, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the threaded portion on the outer casing. The unthreaded surface extends from the laterally outer end wall of the outer casing and extends axially inwardly for a substantial distance, such as a length of more than 25% of the outer casing. The advantage of such a structure is that it can provide pre-alignment and 'when the female coaxial connector is locked or unscrewed relative to the male coaxial connector' can reduce the number of rotations required, for the reason that the number of threads is reduced The male coaxial connector is the same. [Embodiment] First, some of the features of the prior art coaxial connector will be discussed, which will help to understand the advantages of the present invention. 1 - 5 show a prior art fully threaded male coaxial connector 2 〇 and a prior art female coaxial connector 21; wherein the female coaxial connector 21 can be mated with the male connector 20. As shown in Fig. 1, the male connector 20 includes a cylindrical tubular body 22; the body 22 has an elongated front end tubular portion 23, and 200919863 is made of a conductive material such as nickel-plated zinc. The body 2 2 includes a shorter rear end tubular portion 24 having a smaller diameter than the front end tubular portion 23 and engaged with the annular flange 25 after the rear end of the front end tubular portion 23 via an annular transition portion 26. The rear end tubular portion 24 is in electrical contact with the transition portion 26 and the front end tubular portion 23. Usually, the aforementioned parts of the connector 2Q are made of a single metal tube material. The rear end tubular portion 24 can be mechanically and electrically coupled to the braided conductive metal sheath 27 of a coaxial cable 28 in a coaxial direction, for example, the rear end tubular portion 24 can be crimped onto the braided conductive metal sheath 27. The male coaxial connector 2A includes a longitudinally disposed central axial connector latch 29; the latch 29 is in electrical contact with the center conductor 30 of the coaxial cable 28 and from the annular flange 25 after the inner or bottom end of its aperture 31. It extends forward through the front end tubular portion 23. The central axial connector latch 29 generally extends forwardly at least to the annular front end wall 32 of the front end tubular portion 23: and often over the annular front end wall 32 from a small distance. In a typical prior art male coaxial connector 20, the center conductor pin 29 is formed by cutting the insulating sheath 33 of the coaxial cable 28, the woven metal sheath 27' base foil layer 34, and the dielectric core layer 35. . When cut, it is cut laterally inward toward the center conductor 30 of the cable, so that the center conductor 30 leaves an extension protruding forward, passing through the coaxial center hole 3 6 of the flange 25, and the extension forms the center conductor pin 2 9 . Still referring to Figures 1 and 2, it can be seen that the cylindrical inner wall surface 37 of the male coaxial connector body 22 is provided with a threaded surface 38 containing a plurality of threads 3 9 'e. . As shown, the thread 14 200919863 39 extends longitudinally inwardly from the transverse annular front end wall surface 32 of the connector body 22 and covers the full length of the aperture 31 through the body 22; the threaded inner end terminates at the rear annular flange 25 . Sometimes, the flange 25 is provided with an elastically deformable rubber gasket 42 or a zero-shaped seal ring. It can also be seen by reference to Figures 1 and 2 that the prior art female coaxial connector 21 includes a cylindrical outer casing 43 that is longitudinally elongated and has a circular cross section. The outer casing 43 is made of a conductive metal 'generally having a stepped diameter after the stud portion 44 having a larger diameter than the outer casing 43. The stud portion 44 is made of a conductive metal and may be continuous with the front end casing 43 or in electrical contact with the front end casing 43 and may be pressed by a compression ring (not shown), soldered, welded, Or any other suitable means, and electrically conductive with an outer coaxial conductor of a coaxial cable, such as the woven metal sheath. Alternatively, the stud portion 44 can be coupled to a ground plane (not shown) of a printed circuit board, equipment box, or the like. Still referring to Figs. 1 and 2, it can be seen that the first frying technique female coaxial connector 21 includes a cylindrical dielectric core 45 coaxially disposed within a cylindrical aperture 46 that extends through the conductive outer casing 43. The dielectric core 45 is typically made of PTFE (Teflon) or other low loss insulating dielectric material. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the dielectric core 45 of the female coaxial connector 21 has a central coaxial aperture 47 disposed longitudinally inwardly projecting inwardly from the transversely circular outer end surface 46 of the dielectric core 45. The central coaxial bore 47 has a coaxially positioned elongated conductive metal tube or ferrule 4 8 for receiving the central conductor pin 29 of the male coaxial connector 20 in an interference fit and electrically conductive manner. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the outer casing 43 of the female coaxial connector 21 is provided with a plurality of threads 50 on its cylindrical outer wall surface 49; the threads 5 Q extend outside 15 200919863 the full length of the shell 43. As can be understood by referring to Fig. 4, the external thread 5Q on the female coaxial connector housing 43 can be screwed into the internal thread 39 of the front end tubular portion 23 of the male coaxial connector body 22. However, as shown in Fig. 4, there is a possibility that alignment deviation occurs in the respective thread portions of the prior art male and female coaxial connectors. Alignment deviations require the installation technician to spend time trying to correct. If the male and female connectors that are forced to misalign are engaged with each other, it may cause a misalignment and damage the thread surfaces of both sides. 2 and 3 show a prior art female coaxial connector 21 or a common shaft connector 20 which is respectively fitted with a weatherproof cover 51 or 52 made of a watertight elastic material. Although such weather shields are somewhat effective in preventing rainwater from entering the male and female connectors, they are generally ineffective in preventing condensed moisture from entering the connector, thereby causing corrosion of the connector metal parts. Figure 5 shows a prior art "push-in" or "fast" F-type male coaxial connector. As shown in Figure 5, the push-in connector 60 is constructed similarly to the prior art threaded male connector 2 Q described above. However, the front end tubular body 62 of the connector 60 has a completely smooth unthreaded aperture 7Q. The body 62 is made of a resilient metal material. The body 62 has at least one pair (usually two pairs) of parallel slits '71, 72 extending transversely through its thickness direction, extending longitudinally inwardly from the annular outer end wall surface 73 of the tubular body 62, thereby forming a space between the two slots. A rectangular sheet 74 is disposed longitudinally. The inner diameter of the tubular connector body 6 2 is 70, and the inner diameter thereof is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the female coaxial connector 21 of the female coaxial connector 21, for example, slightly smaller. 〇 1 〇 ". Therefore, when the outer casing 43 is pushed into the aperture 70 of the body 62, the sheet 74 is elastically deformed radially outward, so that the sheet 74 elastically grips the outer casing 43 and is in electrical contact with the outer casing 43" 200919863 The slots 71, 7 2 clearly provide a large passage for moisture and dust to enter the interior of the push-in connector 60, making this type of connector completely unsuitable for use outdoors or in often wet and dirty environments. Figure 6-S shows a male coaxial connector 80 having a reduced number of threads in accordance with a basic embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 6, the male coaxial connector 80 having a reduced number of threads includes a longitudinally elongated and cylindrical tubular body 82. The front end tubular ξ" * " portion 83 of the body 82 is engaged with an axially aligned rear end tubular portion 84. Preferably, the front end tubular portion 83 and the rear end tubular portion 84 are joined to each other via a rotatable sleeve portion 85. The socket section 85 retains the rear end tubular portion 84 in a fixed position, while the front end tubular portion 83 is rotatably secured to a female coaxial connector, such as the connector 21 described above and illustrated in Figures 1 and 6. The rotatable sleeve section 85 includes a groove 86; the groove 86 extends radially inwardly to the rear end tubular portion. The body 87 of the 84 is located just behind the annular front end face 88 of the rear tubular body 87. A ring-shaped flange 89 is rotatably received in the groove 86; the ring-shaped flange 89 Cj projects radially inward from the cylindrical rear (inner) end wall surface 9 of the front end tubular portion 83. The front end tubular portion 83 defines an aperture 91° extending longitudinally through the front end tubular portion. Preferably, as shown in Figs. 6, 7, and 8, the front end tubular portion 83 of the connector 8Q has a stepped enlarged diameter rear portion 92. On the longitudinal outer wall surface 93 of the rear portion 92, a plurality of longitudinally disposed flat surfaces 94 are formed which can be clamped between the jaws of a wrench, whereby the connector 80 can be locked or rotated with respect to a female connector by a wrench loose. As shown in Fig. 7, the connector 8b preferably has six flat surfaces 94, the end view of which shows a regular hexagon. 17 200919863 Referring to FIG. 6, it can be seen that the front end tubular portion 83 of the body 80 of the connector 80 preferably has a uniform circular cross section before the end cylindrical portion 95' is engaged with an annular transition portion 96; The rotatable coupling flange 88 is the rear end adjacent to the transition 96. As shown in Fig. 6, the front end tubular portion 83 of the connector 80 is generally a thin-walled circular tube of uniform thickness. The front end tubular portion 83 is made of a conductive material such as nickel-plated zinc and is in electrical contact with the rear end tubular portion 84. The rear end tubular portion 84 has an aperture 97 extending longitudinally through the entire length; the aperture 97 is axially aligned with the aperture 91 extending through the front end tubular portion 83. The aperture 97' extending through the rear end tubular portion 84 has a rear end access opening 98 for insertion of a coaxial cable 28 and is coupled to the braided metal sheath 27 of the coaxial cable 28 by compression, compression, or any other suitable means. (See Figure 1). With continued reference to Figure 6, it can be seen that the connector 80, which is intended to be coupled to the female connector 21, has a longitudinally disposed central coaxial connector pin 99' for connection to the female conductor 30 of the coaxial cable 28. Electrical conduction is achieved between the central conductors 48 of the device 21. Preferably, the central axial connector pin 99 extends forwardly, and at least the annular front end wall 100' of the front end tubular portion 83 preferably extends a small distance outwardly from the annular front end wall 1 . Preferably, the central coaxial connector pin 99 is formed by cutting the insulating sheath 33 of the coaxial electrical product 28, the woven metal sheath 27, the base foil layer 34, and the dielectric core layer 35. When cut, the inner conductor 30 of the cable is cut laterally inwardly so that the cable center conductor 30 leaves an uncut portion 'through the aperture of the rear end tubular portion 84 and the aperture 91 of the front end tubular portion 83. Prominent before. This extension forms a central connector pin 9 9 . 18B, with continued reference to Fig. 6, it can be seen that the cylindrical inner wall surface 101 longitudinally located on the inner surface of the front end tubular portion 83 of the connector 8 is provided with a threaded surface 103 at the rear portion 1〇2; the threaded surface 1Q3 There are multiple turns of thread 104', for example one to three turns. As shown in Fig. 6, the threaded surface 1〇3 extends longitudinally from the annular flange wall 105 at the rear end of the front end tubular portion 83 toward the annular front end wall 100 of the front end tubular portion 83, and is offset from the rear end wall 100. The position of the considerable distance is terminated, so that the front end tubular portion 83 is located at the front portion 1Q7 between the rear threaded portion 1〇2 and the annular front end wall surface 1QQ, having a smooth unthreaded surface 1〇8, thus forming inwardly at the front end tubular portion 83. A smooth entry aperture 109. The smooth entry aperture 109 at the front portion 107 of the front end tubular portion 83 has a diameter greater than the thread diameter of the rear threaded surface 103 and is larger than the diameter of the female connector 21 at the front end of the outer threaded tubular portion 43 which is engageable with the connector 8 . The male coaxial connector 80 in accordance with the present invention has a novel structure with reduced number of threads which provides significant operational advantages over prior art coaxial connectors, as will be explained below. Therefore, when the male connector 80 is connected to the female connector 21, the front end tubular portion 43 of the female connector 21 is inserted into the smooth entry aperture 109 at the front of the male connector 80. The aperture 109 of the male connector 80 has a diameter that is slightly larger than the diameter of the front end tubular portion 43 of the female connector 21, for example, slightly larger. 010". Therefore, the smooth aperture 1Q9 of the front end tubular portion 83 can serve as a conduit or front conduit forcing the axis of the front end tubular portion 43 of the female connector 21 parallel to the axis of the front end tubular portion 83 of the male connector 80. Therefore, when the male and female connectors 80, 21 are pushed and pushed together enough for the threaded end of the female connector 200919863 to contact the thread 1 〇 4 at the foremost (outermost end) of the threaded portion of the male connector, The axis of the female connector has been forced to be aligned in a straight line. This alignment ensures that the male connector 80 is rotated in a predetermined clockwise or counterclockwise direction about its longitudinal axis (depending on the helical characteristics selected for the thread surface 1〇3), the male connector thread 104 will The female connector's thread 50 is screwed into engagement without the possibility of misalignment or misalignment. Further, when the male connector 80 is rotated in the opposite direction to be released from the female connector 21, since the front end of the female connector front end tubular portion 43 has a relatively long length, it is accommodated in the male connector with a smooth leading entry aperture portion 107. Inside, the two connectors are forced to be axially aligned, so that the threads on the male and female connectors are not damaged when the final alignment thread is loosened. In the full-threaded connector of the prior art, it is possible to cause thread damage when the connector is loosened. As shown in Fig. 6, the connector 80 according to the present invention preferably includes an elastic flat washer or a zero seal ring 110 disposed on the annular flange wall 105 of the bottom of the internally threaded bore 103. Fig. 9 shows another male coaxial connector 12Q with a reduced number of threads, which is adapted to match the variation of the male coaxial connector 80 of Figs. The reduced number of male coaxial connectors 12 are configured to facilitate mating of the connector with the two female coaxial connectors. One of the female coaxial connectors 21 is provided with a thread until it is rounded, that is, the surface of the 5th surface 121. The other mother coaxial connector 2 1 has a front end surface 1 2 1 渐 which is tapered outward through a radial direction. The annular chamfered peripheral surface 1MA is engaged with the cylindrical threaded surface of the female connector. As shown in FIG. 9, the male coaxial connector 1 2 减少 having a reduced number of threads has a body 20 200919863 1 3 2, and the front end tubular portion 13 3 and the rear end tubular portion 1 34 are fixed to each other, and thus FIG. 6 The connector 8 shown in Fig. 8 differs in the case where the front and rear tubular portions 83, 84 are joined via the rotatable sleeve portion 85. However, the connector 12 can obviously also include a rotatable sleeve that allows relative rotation between the front and rear tubular portions 133, 134 of the connector. As shown in Fig. 9, the inner end structure of the connector 12's front end tubular portion 133 is similar to the inner structure of the front end tubular portion 83 of the connector 80 shown in Figs. 6-8. Therefore, the longitudinal cylindrical inner wall surface 141 of the front end tubular portion 133 of the connector 120 is provided with a threaded surface 143 on the rear portion I42 thereof. The threaded surface I43 has a plurality of turns of the thread I44', for example one to three turns. As shown in Fig. 9, the threaded surface 143 is formed from a serpentine seal ring groove 145 provided in the cylindrical inner wall surface 141 of the front end tubular portion 133 (near the front end of the rearward-like transition portion 147), toward the front end tubular portion. The 133 annular front end wall surface 148 extends and terminates at a position offset from the rear of the annular front end wall surface 148. Preferably, a resilient serpentine seal ring 1 4 5 A is fitted in the serpentine seal groove 1 4 5 . The front end portion 149 of the front end tubular portion 133 between the rear threaded portion 142 and the annular front end wall surface 148 has a smooth, unthreaded surface 150, thus forming a smooth entry aperture 151 to the forward tubular portion. Still referring to FIG. 9, it can be seen that the push-like transition portion 147 behind the front end tubular portion 133 of the connector 120 has a push-out reaming (cone hole) 152 from the 0-shaped seal ring 145 axis. Extend backwards. The counterbore 152 is axially aligned with the aperture 151 extending through the front end tubular portion 133 and provides a recessed clearance space for receiving the chamfered edge 1 2 2 A of the front end of the female connector 2 1 A. 21 200919863 Figures 10-12 show a "weather jacket" 180 for a coaxial connector in accordance with the present invention. The weather sheath 180 shown in Fig. 10 is made of a water-impermeable elastic material such as ruthenium rubber, and has a thin body and a uniform thickness 181. The body 181 of the weather jacket 180 is shaped as a cylinder 182 defining a longitudinal cross-sectional aperture 183 that extends therethrough. The diameter of the aperture 183 is adapted to fit tightly on the cylindrical outer wall surface 83A of the front end tubular portion 83 of the connector 80, that is, the diameter of the aperture 18 3 is smaller than the outer diameter of the front end tubular portion. 010". The transverse annular front end wall 186 of the wind and rain sheath body 181 forms an annular flange 187 that projects radially inwardly. The flange 187 has a coaxial circular bore 188 extending through its thickness. The diameter of the perforation 188 is slightly smaller than the minimum diameter of the threaded tubular portion 43 of the front end of the female connector 21, for example. Q 1 〇 ". Therefore, as shown in FIG. 12, when the male connector 80 with the weatherproof sheath 180 is locked to the female connector 21, the inner circumferential wall 189 of the perforation 188 of the front and rear flange portion 187 of the weatherproof sheath is elastically inserted into the female connection. The threaded root 19Q on the threaded outer casing 43 thereby forms a tight waterproof and dustproof seal. Figure 13 shows a female coaxial connector 200 with a reduced number of threads in accordance with the present invention. As shown in Fig. 13, the structure of the female coaxial connector 200 having a reduced number of threads is substantially similar to the prior art female coaxial connector 21 shown in Fig. 1. Therefore, the connector 200 has a cylindrical outer casing 203 which is longitudinally elongated and has a circular cross section made of a conductive material. The outer casing 203 is provided with a thread 21 on its cylindrical outer wall surface 209. The threads extend forwardly from the connector base 211 toward the annular front end wall surface 216 of the connector housing and terminate at a substantial offset from the annular front end wall surface 216 inwardly. The front portion 2 1 7 , 22 200919863 located between the rear threaded portion 2 1 Q of the connector 200 and the annular front end wall surface 2 16 has a smooth unthreaded surface 21S, thus forming a smooth front guide cylinder 219. The female coaxial connector 206 having a reduced number of threads has a diameter smaller than the minimum inner diameter of the thread 39 on the inner surface 37 of the front end tubular portion 23 of the standard male coaxial connector 20, such as zero. 0 1 〇 ". Therefore, the smooth cylindrical portion 219 at the front portion 217 of the female coaxial connector 200 having a reduced number of threads can serve as a guide cylinder or a lead cylinder; when the female connector 200 is partially inserted into the male connector 20, the smooth cylindrical portion 219 The axes of the male and female connectors can be forced to be substantially parallel. Therefore, when the male and female connectors 20, 200 are fully engaged so that the front end of the threaded portion of the female connector 2 is in contact with the foremost (outer) end thread 39 of the male connector, the male and female can be forced. The axis of the connector is generally aligned in a straight line. This alignment ensures that the male connector 20 is rotated in a predetermined clockwise or counterclockwise direction about its longitudinal axis (depending on the helical nature selected for the threaded surface 38), the male connector thread 39 will be coupled to the female connector. The thread 210 of the device is screwed into engagement without the possibility of misalignment or misalignment. Further, when the male connector 20 is rotated in the opposite direction to be released from the female connector 200, since the leading length of the leading cylinder 203 in front of the front end tubular portion 203 of the female connector is accommodated in the aperture portion of the male connector, the forced The two connectors are axially aligned so that the threads on the male and female connectors are not damaged when the final alignment thread is released due to misalignment of the connector axis alignment. In the prior art full threaded connector, it is possible that thread damage occurs when the connector is loosened. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a prior art male coaxial connector and its complementary counterpart female coaxial 23 200919863 connector: Figure 2 shows the prior art connector pair of Figure 1 on its female connector 1. A windshield is assembled; Figure 3 is similar to Figure 1, but shows that the windshield is fitted to the male connector. Figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the prior art connector pair of Figure 1, showing the thread surface alignment deviation of the male and female connectors; Figure 5 is a prior art push-in male coaxial connector and its complementary counterpart Figure 6 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a male coaxial connector with a reduced number of threads and a complementary non-chamfered female connector according to the present invention; Figure 6A is a vertical vertical sectional view of the male connector shown in Figure 6; Figure 7 is a rear elevational view of the male connector shown in Figure 6; Figure 8 is a front elevational view of the male connector shown in Figure 6: 9 is a partial cross-sectional view showing one of the variations of the male coaxial connector shown in FIG. 6 and the complementary chamfered and un-chamfered female connector; FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the figure '6 Another variation of the male coaxial connector shown and a complementary female coaxial connector, wherein the male coaxial connector includes a "wind and rain sheath" in accordance with the present invention; FIG. 11 is before the connector and weather jacket of FIG. Figure 12 is similar to Figure 10, but showing that the male and female connectors are fully screwed; and Figure 13 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the female coaxial connector with reduced number of threads according to the present invention and its complementary counterpart Male connector. [Main component symbol description] 24 200919863
2 0 全螺紋式公同軸連接器 2 1 母同軸連接器 2 ΙΑ 母同軸連接器 22 圓筒形管狀本體 2 3 前端管狀部 2 4 後端管狀部 2 5 後環形凸緣 2 6 環形過渡部 2 7 編織導電金屬外皮 2 8 同軸電纜 2 9 中心軸向連接器插銷 3 0 中心導體 3 1 孔徑 3 2 環形前端壁 3 3 絕緣外皮 3 4 基礎箔片層 3 5 介電芯層 3 6 中心孔 3 7 圓筒形內壁表面 3 8 螺紋表面 3 9 螺紋 4 2 橡膠墊/〇形密封環 4 3 圓筒形外殼 4 4 突柱部 25 200919863 4 5 介電芯 4 6 孔徑 4 7 孔徑 4 8 金屬套圈 4 9 圓筒形外壁表面 5 0 螺紋 51 風雨護罩 52 風雨護罩 60 推入式連接器 62 前端管狀本體 7 0 孔徑 7 1 切槽 72 孔徑 7 3 環形外端壁表面 7 4 薄片 8〇 螺紋數減少之公同軸連接器 8 2 管狀本體 8 3 前端管狀部 8 3A 圚筒形外壁表面 8 4 後端管狀部 8 5 管套節 8 6 溝槽 8 7 管體 8 8 環形前端面 26 200919863 89 環圈形凸緣 90 圓筒形後（內）端壁表面 9 1 孔徑 92 成階級狀擴大直徑的後部 93 外壁表面 9 4 扁平表面 95 前端圓筒部 96 環形過渡部 9 7 孔徑 98 後端進入口 9 9 中央同軸連接器插銷 1〇〇 環形前端壁 101 圓筒形內壁表面 102 後齓 103 螺紋表面 104 螺紋表面 105 環形凸緣壁 107 前部 108 光滑的無螺紋表面 109 孔徑 110 扁形墊片/〇形密封環 120 螺紋數減少之公同軸連接器 12 1 前端面 121A前端面 27 200919863 122A環形倒角周緣面 123A圓筒形螺紋表面 132 本體 133 前端管狀部 134 後端管狀部 141 圓筒形內壁表面 142 後部 14 3 螺紋表面 14 4 螺紋 1 4 5 0形密封環溝槽後方推拔狀過渡部 14 5A彈性0形密封環 147 後方推拔狀過渡部 148 環形前端壁表面 14 9 前部 150 光滑之無螺紋表面 151 孔徑 152 擴孔（錐口孔） 180 風雨護套 181 風雨護套本體 18 2 圓筒 183 孔徑 186 環形前端壁 187 凸緣 188 穿孔 28 200919863 18 9 內圓周壁 190 螺紋根部 2 0 0 螺紋數減少之母同軸連接器 203 圓筒形外殼 2 0 9 圓筒形外壁表面 2 10 螺紋 2 11 連接器基部 2 16 環形前端壁表面 2 17 前部 2 18 光滑的無螺紋表面 2 19 前導圓筒2 0 full-thread male coaxial connector 2 1 female coaxial connector 2 母 female coaxial connector 22 cylindrical tubular body 2 3 front end tubular portion 2 4 rear end tubular portion 2 5 rear annular flange 2 6 annular transition portion 2 7 Braided conductive metal sheath 2 8 Coaxial cable 2 9 Center axial connector pin 3 0 Center conductor 3 1 Aperture 3 2 Annular front wall 3 3 Insulation sheath 3 4 Base foil layer 3 5 Dielectric core layer 3 6 Center hole 3 7 Cylindrical inner wall surface 3 8 Threaded surface 3 9 Thread 4 2 Rubber pad/〇-shaped sealing ring 4 3 Cylindrical housing 4 4 Stud 25 25198619863 4 5 Dielectric core 4 6 Aperture 4 7 Aperture 4 8 Metal Ferrule 4 9 Cylindrical outer wall surface 5 0 Thread 51 Windshield 52 Windshield 60 Push-in connector 62 Front end tubular body 7 0 Aperture 7 1 Notch 72 Aperture 7 3 Annular outer end wall surface 7 4 Sheet 8 Male coaxial connector with reduced number of threads 8 2 tubular body 8 3 front end tubular portion 8 3A cylindrical outer wall surface 8 4 rear end tubular portion 8 5 tubular sleeve 8 6 groove 8 7 tubular body 8 8 annular front end surface 26 200919863 89 Loop Flange 90 cylindrical rear (inner) end wall surface 9 1 aperture 92 stepped enlarged diameter rear portion 93 outer wall surface 9 4 flat surface 95 front end cylindrical portion 96 annular transition portion 9 7 aperture 98 rear end inlet 9 9 Central Coaxial Connector Pin 1 〇〇 Annular Front End Wall 101 Cylindrical Inner Wall Surface 102 Back 齓 103 Threaded Surface 104 Threaded Surface 105 Annular Flange Wall 107 Front 108 Smooth Unthreaded Surface 109 Aperture 110 Flat Gasket / Conical Sealing ring 120 Male coaxial connector 12 with reduced number of threads 12 Front end face 121A Front end face 27 200919863 122A Annular chamfered peripheral surface 123A Cylindrical threaded surface 132 Body 133 Front end tubular portion 134 Rear end tubular portion 141 Cylindrical inner wall surface 142 Rear 14 3 Threaded surface 14 4 Thread 1 4 5 0-shaped seal ring groove rear push-like transition 14 14A elastic 0-shaped seal ring 147 rear push-like transition 148 annular front end wall surface 14 9 front 150 smooth Unthreaded surface 151 Aperture 152 Reaming (cone hole) 180 Wind and rain sheath 181 Wind and rain sheath body 18 2 Cylinder 183 Aperture 186 Ring front wall 187 Flange 188 Perforation 28 20091 9863 18 9 Inner circumferential wall 190 Thread root 2 0 0 Thread reducer female coaxial connector 203 cylindrical housing 2 0 9 cylindrical outer wall surface 2 10 thread 2 11 connector base 2 16 annular front wall surface 2 17 front Part 2 18 smooth unthreaded surface 2 19 leading cylinder
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