200840067 九、發明說明： 【考务明戶斤屬彻^ 頁超^】 相關申請案之交叉參考 此申請案主張來自韓國智慧財產局之2007年2月2曰提 5申的韓國專利申請案10-2007-0011181之優先權，其揭示被 合併於本文中以供參考。 發明領域 與本發明一致的裝置及方法係有關一染料敏化的太陽能 電池及其製備方法，且更特別有關一可防止電解質容易自密封 10部份揮發、可抵抗外部衝擊或損害且以強度緊密地密封來延長 壽命且改良惡劣外部環境下操作的耐久度之染料敏化的太陽 能電池、及其製造方法。 I：先前技術3 發明背景 15 瑞士的洛桑瑞士聯邦工學院（Ecole Polytechnique200840067 IX. Invention Description: [Certificate of the examination of the households of the company] Page 2 Cross-references of the relevant application This application claims the Korean patent application filed from the Korea Intellectual Property Office on February 2, 2007. The priority of -2007-0011181, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. FIELD OF THE INVENTION The apparatus and method consistent with the present invention relate to a dye-sensitized solar cell and a method of fabricating the same, and more particularly to preventing the electrolyte from being easily volatilized from the seal 10, resisting external impact or damage, and being tightly bonded. A dye-sensitized solar cell that is sealed to extend the life and improve the durability of operation in a harsh external environment, and a method of manufacturing the same. I: Prior Art 3 Background of the Invention 15 Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, Switzerland (Ecole Polytechnique
Federale de Lausanne，EPFL)之葛瑞佐(Michael Gratzel)的 - 研究團隊在1991發展出一染料敏化的奈米粒子二氧化鈦太 — 陽能電池之後，該領域已進行許多研究。染料敏化的太陽 能電池需要比既有的矽太陽能電池顯著更低之製造成本， 2〇 且可能容易地取代既有的非晶矽太陽能電池。不同於矽太 陽能電池，染料敏化的太陽能電池係為一光電化太陽能電 池，其包括一用於吸收可見射線以產生一電子-電洞對之染 料分子及一用於轉移一所產生電子之過渡金屬氧化物，作 為主材料。 5 200840067 一般而言，染料敏化的太陽能電池之一單元電池組態 係包括上及下透明基材及分別形成於該等透明基板的一表 面上之傳導透明電極。一具有被吸收至其一表面的一染料 之過渡金屬氧化物多孔層係形成在一對應於一第一電極之 5弟一傳導透明電極上。一觸媒薄膜電極形成在一對應於一 第二電極之弟二傳導透明電極上。一電解質被注射至多孔 電極與觸媒薄膜電極之間作為過渡金屬氧化物，譬如二氧 化鈦CTi〇2)。 為了穩疋地維持被注射至第一與第二電極之間的電解 10質，其間具有一熱塑性高分子膜之第一及第二電極係被加 熱及加壓以彼此耦合。因此，一特定空間形成於第一及第 二電極之間以注射及固接電解質。 然而，熱塑性高分子膜不具有精細組態且容易被強烈 日光、熱循環等所劣化。電解質在晚間/白天期間及/或冬天 15 /夏天被熱循環細微地揮發而降低太陽能電池的效率，因此 終將使壽命結束。並且，由於機械強度的極限，高分子膜 容易被外部衝擊受損且降低太陽能電池的壽命，其為财久 度的一項關鍵問題。 C ^^明内3 20 發明概要 A為此，本發明之-目的係提供—可防止電解質容易自 讀部份揮發、可抵抗外部衝擊或損害且以強度緊密地密 2料長壽命且改良惡劣外部環境下操作的财久度之染料 敏化的太陽能電池，及其製造方法。 6 200840067 本發明的額外態樣及/或優點將部分地由下文描述所 提供且將部分地從該描述得知、或可經由實施本發明得知 面對 藉由提供一具有一包括一透射層的第一電極、— 弟一電極的第二電極、及一介於第一與第二電極之間的電 解質之染料敏化的太陽能電池來達成本發明的下列及/戋 其他悲樣，其中透射層具有一在一側向側中包含一染料之 多孔層’染料敏化的太陽能電池包含注射至由一玻填橡料 經燒結體部所形成的一空間之電解質，其中玻璃熔料經燒 結體部以預定間隔使第一及第二電極彼此分隔且緊密地密 封第一及第二電極。 亦藉由提供一具有一包括一透射層的第一電極、一面 對第一電極的第二電極、及一介於第一與第二電極之間的 電解質之染料敏化的太陽能電池之製造方法來達成本發明 的上述及/或其他態樣，其中透射層具有一在一側向側中包 15含一染料的多孔層，該製造方法包含將玻璃熔料施加及燒 製（燒結)於第一及第二電極的一耦合表面上並將以預定間 隔彼此分隔的第一及第二電極緊密地密封在一起。 圖式簡單說明Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Michael Gratzel - After a research team developed a dye-sensitized nanoparticle titanium dioxide solar cell in 1991, much research has been done in the field. Dye-sensitized solar cells require significantly lower manufacturing costs than existing germanium solar cells, and may easily replace existing amorphous germanium solar cells. Unlike a germanium solar cell, the dye-sensitized solar cell is a photovoltaic solar cell comprising a dye molecule for absorbing visible rays to generate an electron-hole pair and a transition for transferring a generated electron. Metal oxide as the main material. 5 200840067 In general, a unit cell configuration of a dye-sensitized solar cell includes upper and lower transparent substrates and conductive transparent electrodes respectively formed on a surface of the transparent substrates. A transition metal oxide porous layer having a dye absorbed to a surface thereof is formed on a conductive transparent electrode corresponding to a first electrode. A catalyst film electrode is formed on a second conductive transparent electrode corresponding to a second electrode. An electrolyte is injected between the porous electrode and the catalyst film electrode as a transition metal oxide such as titanium dioxide CTi〇2). In order to stably maintain the electrolyte 10 injected between the first and second electrodes, the first and second electrodes having a thermoplastic polymer film therebetween are heated and pressurized to be coupled to each other. Therefore, a specific space is formed between the first and second electrodes to inject and fix the electrolyte. However, the thermoplastic polymer film does not have a fine configuration and is easily deteriorated by intense sunlight, thermal cycling, or the like. The electrolyte is slightly volatilized by the thermal cycle during the night/daytime and/or winter 15/summer to reduce the efficiency of the solar cell, and thus the end of life is ended. Moreover, due to the limit of mechanical strength, the polymer film is easily damaged by external impact and reduces the life of the solar cell, which is a key issue for the longevity. C^^明内3 20 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A. To this end, the object of the present invention is to provide an electrolyte which is easy to volatilize from the self-reading portion, is resistant to external impact or damage, and is densely bonded to a long life and is improved in durability. A long-lasting dye-sensitized solar cell operating in an external environment, and a method of manufacturing the same. 6 200840067 Additional aspects and/or advantages of the present invention will be partially provided by the description below and will be partially understood from the description or may be made by the practice of the present invention. a first electrode, a second electrode of an electrode, and a dye-sensitized solar cell between the first and second electrodes to achieve the following and/or other sadness of the present invention, wherein the transmission layer A solar cell having a porous layer comprising a dye in a side-to-side dye sensitization comprises an electrolyte injected into a space formed by a glass-filled rubber through a sintered body, wherein the glass frit passes through the sintered body The first and second electrodes are separated from each other at a predetermined interval and the first and second electrodes are tightly sealed. A method of manufacturing a solar cell sensitized by a dye having a first electrode including a transmission layer, a second electrode facing the first electrode, and an electrolyte interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode To achieve the above and/or other aspects of the present invention, wherein the transmissive layer has a porous layer comprising a dye on one side of the side, the method comprising applying and firing (sintering) the glass frit. The first and second electrodes of the first and second electrodes are tightly sealed together at a predetermined interval. Simple illustration
將連同圖式從實施例的下文描述得知且更加瞭解本發 20明的上述及/或其他態樣，其中： X 第1圖為根據本發明第一示範性實施例之一染料敏化 的太陽能電池之剖視圖； 第2圖為根據本發明第二示範性實施例之—染料敏化 的太陽能電池之剖視圖； 7 200840067 第3圖為根據本發明第三示範性實施例之一染料敏化 的太陽能電池之剖視圖； 第4圖為根據本發明第四示範性實施例之一染料敏化 的太陽能電池之剖視圖； 5 第5圖為根據本發明第五示範性實施例之一染料敏化 的太陽能電池之剖視圖； 第6圖為根據本發明第六示範性實施例之一染料敏化 的太陽能電池之剖視圖； 第7圖為根據本發明第七示範性實施例之一染料敏化 10 的太陽能電池之剖視圖； 第8圖顯示根據本發明示範性實施例之染料敏化的太 陽能電池之一經緊密密封的電解質注射孔； 第9圖顯示根據本發明示範性實施例之染料敏化的太 陽能電池之經加工連接線。 15 【實方包方式】 較佳實施例之詳細說明 下文中，將參照圖式來描述本發明的示範性實施例， 其中類似的編號代表相似的元件且依需要避免贅述。 根據本發明的一染料敏化的太陽能電池係包括一具有 20 一透射層11之第一電極10、一面對第一電極10之第二電極 20、及一介於第一電極10與第二電極20之間的電解質30， 其中透射層11具有一在一側向側中包含一染料之多孔層 13。電解質30被注射至由一玻璃熔料經燒結體部40所形成 之一空間以藉由預定間隔使第一及第二電極10及2 0彼此分 8 200840067 • · 隔且將第一及第二電極10及20密封在一起。 下文中，將參照第1至9圖更詳細地描述根據本發明之 染料敏化的太陽能電池。 如上述’一染料敏化的太陽能電池係包括具有透射層 5 11之第一電極10、面對第一電極1〇之第二電極2〇及一介於 第一與第二電極1〇與2〇之間的電解質3〇，其中透射層^具 有在一侧向側中包含一染料之多孔層13。根據本發明，第 一及第二電極10及2 〇彼此分隔且其間的一空間被玻璃熔料 經燒結體部40緊密地密封以將電解質3〇注射至所形成的密 10封空間。因此，電解質30在第一及第二電極1〇及20之間被 穩定地維持一段長時間。第丨至9圖顯示根據本發明示範性 實施例之染料敏化的太陽能電池。下文將作詳細描述。 多孔層13包括耦合於（吸收）一染料之不同的已知多孔 層’譬如施加及燒製（燒結）1〇至15 nm尺寸的Ti02所形成之 15 一過渡金屬氧化物層。具有多孔層13之透射層11不限於扁 平層。或者，透射層11可包括一具有不平整表面之層。透 射層11可包括使用於一太陽能電池中之不同的已知透射 層。譬如，透射層11可包括一可透射位於超過可見射線的 一特定波長範圍中之可見射線或波之諸如玻璃層等材料。 20 較佳地，透射層11具傳導性以作為電極。一特定範例中， 透射層11可包括已知的透射玻璃、透射樹脂、PET、ITO或 FTO。透射層11可在多孔層13與透射層11之間進一步包括 一傳導膜或一塗覆層（ITO、FTO或傳導高分子）以成為傳導 性。一相對側中面對第一電極10之第二電極20係可包括一 9 200840067 用來作為太陽能電池第二電極之已知層。第二電極20不限 於扁平層。或者，第二電極2〇可包括一具有不平整表面之 層。第-電極2G可包括-可透射位於超過可見射線的一特 疋波長範圍中之可見射線或波之材料。譬如，第二電極2〇 5可包括已知的透射玻璃、透射樹脂、PET、ITO或FTO。較 佳地，第一電極2〇可進一步包括一傳導膜或一塗覆層 (ITO、FTQ或傳導高分子）以絲傳導性。第二電極2〇可進 一步包括设置於第一電極1〇最外部表面中之一諸如鉑等觸 媒金屬層以增強陽光的吸收效率並活化反應。 10 朴’玻魏料經燒結體部4〇係為藉由在基材外周施 加及燒製（燒結）玻_料卿成之_固態以將基材密封在 一起。玻魏料可包括不同的已知玻璃熔料。較佳地，玻 璃溶料可包&低融點玻璃溶料以將一諸如燒製加工等加 工/皿度擔在低位準。更佳地，破璃熔料包括—具有棚。◦ 15及更低融闕低融點玻雜料或_具有2聊及更低玻璃 轉變溫度的低融點玻璃溶料。 根據本發明示範性實施例之染料敏化的太陽能電池 中’第-電極10係包括具有一透射性材料之透射層η，多 孔層η形成於透射層u的一表面上且以預定間隔與透射層 20 11的-外周12分隔而染料被吸收至多孔層13。染料敏化的 太陽能電池之第二電極20係包括_支撐層21及一橫越支撐 層21 -表面所形成或以預定間隔與支撐層抑一外周^分 隔之觸媒金屬層23。第一及第二電極職加排列成可使多 孔層U及觸媒金屬層23面對彼此。玻璃溶料經燒結體部4〇 200840067 形成於不具有多孔層13之透射層11的外周12與支撐層21的 觸媒金屬層23或不具有觸媒金屬層23之支撐層23的外周22 之間以將第一及第二電極10與20緊密地密封在一起。 如上述，透射層11可包括不同的已知透射層。如第1、 5 2或7圖所示，透射層11可只包括譬如一諸如ITO或FTO等傳 導透射性材料。或者，如第3至6圖所示，一譬如ITO或FTO ’塗覆層等傳導膜15可形成於玻璃層上（或諸如PET等透射性 … 面分子）。傳導膜15可耦合於傳導膜15上所形成的玻璃熔料 經燒結體部40以將第一及第二電極10及20緊密地密封在一 10 起。如第5圖所示，傳導膜15可替代性地與如多孔層13等玻 J离層的外周分隔以使玻璃熔料經燒結體部4〇直接地耦合於 玻璃層。在此例中，一電性連接至傳導膜15之連接線係排 放至外部。 形成於透射層11上的多孔層13係可包括不同的已知多 15 孔層，其吸收一染料以形成透射層11的一表面。如圖所示， I 多孔層13較佳以預定間隔與透射層11的外周12分隔以防止 電解質30洩漏經過多孔層π。 染料可包括將被使用於染料敏化的太陽能電池中之不 同的已知染料。將染料施加至多孔層13被其吸收之方法係 20 為該技藝已知。 如第7圖所示，第一電極10可進一步包括一體塊層16 作為多孔層13上的一額外過渡金屬氧化物。體塊層16可藉 由施加及燒製400 nm至500 nm Ti〇2形成藉以增強陽光的吸 收效率。 11 200840067 第二電極20的支#層21可包括不同的已知支撐層。較 佳可採用透射層11。如第1、2或7圖所示，支撐層以可只包 括譬如一諸如ITO或FTO等傳導透射性材料。或者，如第3 至6圖所示，一傳導膜26，譬如一ΓΓΟ或FT0塗覆層或透射 5性傳導高分子層係可形成於玻璃層上（或透射性高分子諸 如PET)。傳導膜26可耦合於傳導膜26上所形成之玻璃熔料 經燒結體部40以將第一及第二電極1〇及2〇緊密地密封在一 起。如第5圖所示，傳導膜26可替代性地與如第一電極1〇的 多孔層13等玻璃層之外周分隔以使玻璃溶料經燒結體部4〇 10 直接地耦合於玻璃層或ITO/FTO層。在此例中，一電性連 接至傳導膜26之連接線係排放至外部。 第二電極20可進一步包括添加至支撐層21之觸媒金屬 層23。如圖所示，觸媒金屬層23可為i)橫越支撐層21的一表 面所（施加或塗覆）形成或ii)以預定間隔與支撐層21的外周 15 22分隔。亦即，觸媒金屬層23可如第1及3圖所示橫越支撐 層21表面形成或可如第2、4至7圖所示以預定間隔與支撐層 21的外周22分隔。 因此，玻璃熔料經燒結體部40可編合於第二電極20的 觸媒金屬層23(參照第1及3圖）或選擇性耦合於玻璃層（參照 20第5圖）、ITO/FTO層（參照第2、6及7圖）或傳導膜1$及25(參 照第4圖）。 亦即，第一電極10的多孔層13面對第二電極20的觸媒 金屬層23。玻璃溶料經燒結體部4〇形成於不具有多孔層13 之透射層11的外周12及i)支撐層21的觸媒金屬層23或ii)不 12 200840067 具有觸媒金屬層23之支撐層21的外周22之間以將第一及第 '二電極10及20緊密地密封在一起。 根據本發明之染料敏化的太陽能電池進一步包括一電 解質注射孔以經由其注射電解質30。較佳地，第二電極2〇 5 進一步包括注射孔25以經由其注射電解質30。電解質注射 孔25可被一玻璃熔料經燒結體部50緊密地密封。第8圖顯示 根據本發明的示範性實施例之電解質注射孔25。由於電解 質注射孔25被玻璃熔料經燒結體部50密封，可防止電解質 30洩漏通過以藉此確保太陽能電池的耐久度。 10 根據本發明之染料敏化的太陽能電池之第一電極1〇或 第二電極20係包括一被排放至單元電池外部之連接線6〇。 較佳地，連接器60被插入至一玻璃熔料經燒結體部7〇且附 接至太陽能電池的一側向側。此處，染料敏化的太陽能電 池之卓元電池係指如第1至9圖所示的單一單元。各單元電 15 池係包括將彼此連接或將電力供應至一外部部件之連接線 60。若連接線60曝露於外部，可能發生短路或放電。因此， 將一作為絕緣體的玻璃熔料施加至連接線6〇且然後將連接 線60附接至染料敏化的太陽能電池之側向側以防止被外部 衝擊所損害。若連接線60自染料敏化的太陽能電池之側向 20側排放，玻璃熔料被施加至連接線60然後被燒製。連接線 60被插入至玻璃熔料經燒結體部7〇。 本發明提供一染料敏化的太陽能電池之製造方法。包 括具有透射層11的第一電極1〇、面對第一電極1〇的第二電 極20、及介於第一與第二電極10與20之間的電解質3〇之染 13 200840067 料敏化的太陽能電池之制、生 卜 方法係包含在第一及第二電極 10及20之間的一乾人表 σ表面上靶加及燒製一玻璃熔料及將以 預疋間隔彼此刀m的第—及第二電極…及骑封在一起， 其中透射層11包括在—側向侧中含有染料之多孔層^。 亦即不同_型之染料敏化的太陽能電池之製造方法 係包含在第一及第二雷托1Λ η〜 電極10及20之間施加及燒製玻璃炼料 以藉由玻璃熔料經燒姓 凡、、、口體部40緊密地密封第一及第二電極 10及 20。 、、；斗可匕括上述玻璃溶料。施加玻璃溶料之方法 10係可包括不_已知方法。較佳地，可將-膏型玻璃炼料 此力至第及第—電極1Q及2G的外周12及22。所施加的破 璃熔料可藉由-已知燒製方法作燒製或只以一雷射藉由緩 玻璃熔料施加的部份作燒製。玻璃溶料被局部地加熱以藉 此盡里減少對於其他元件的熱衝擊。 15 喊本發明之染料敏化的太陽能電池之製造方法可包 括提供-具有-第—電極透射材料的透射層之操作、一形 成一以預疋間隔與透射層外周分隔的多孔層之操作、一將 -染料施加至多孔層以被其吸收之操作、—提供第二電極 的-支撐層之操作、一橫越支撐層的一表面或以預定間隔 20與支撑層外周分隔形成一觸媒金屬層之操作、一將破璃溶 料施加至不具有多孔層的透射層外周與支撐層的觸媒金屬 層或不具有觸媒金屬層之支撐層外周之間之操作、一轉合 第-及第二電極以使多孔層及觸媒金屬層面對彼此之操作 及-燒製經施加玻璃溶料以將第一及第二電極緊密地密封 200840067 在一起之操作。 •透射層可包括上述已知的透射層。更確切言之，透射 層可包括一絕緣體諸如ITO、FTO或一添加有一傳導膜之玻 璃層。多孔層可包括上述已知的多孔層。較佳地藉由施加 5 及燒製10 nm至15 nm Ti〇2來形成多孔層。將染料施加至多 孔層之方法係為該技藝已知。較佳地，一具有多孔層之基 材被浸潰於一染料溶液中以使多孔層吸收染料。可如第7圖 _ 所示在一體塊層形成之後進行施加染料之製程。或者，可 在第一及第二電極彼此耦合以一電解質充填於其間的空間 10 中之前進行施加染料之製程（藉由將一染料溶液注射至電 解質注射孔，如稍後所述）。次序可為不同只要染料被吸收 至多孔層即可。如上述，體塊層可形成於多孔層上。 然後，提供第二電極的支撐層且藉由一塗覆方法譬如 藉由鍍覆及濺鍍來形成觸媒金屬層。 15 較佳地，多孔層以預定間隔與透射層的外周分隔。觸 媒金屬層可以預定間隔與支撐層的外周分隔，但不在此 限。或者，觸媒金屬層可橫越支撐層的表面形成。 玻璃熔料以如第1至9圖所示的不同方法被施加至第一 及第二電極然後被燒製（包括藉由雷射加熱被燒製）以將第 20 一及第二電極緊密地密封在一起。 染料敏化的太陽能電池之製造方法可進一步包括一形 成一注射孔於第二電極上以經由其注射電解質之操作、一 經由注射孔注射電解質之操作及一將玻璃熔料施加及燒製 至注射孔以密封注射孔之操作。只可在注射電解質的操作 15 200840067 之則進行形成電解質注射孔之操作。因此，可在提供支撐 層>^操作之前或之後、形成觸媒金屬層之後或耦合第一及 弟二電極之操作之後進行形成電解質注射孔之操作。 $ ^ 、、二由電解食注射孔注射製造染料敏化的太陽能電池所 要之電解質之後，玻璃溶料被施加至注射孔然後燒製以 被密封，如第8圖所示。 - >染料敏化的太陽能電池之製造方法可進一步包括一將 自第電極或第二電極排放的一連接線耦合至單元電池外 1〇部，操作、一將連接線選擇性排放至太陽能電池的側向側 1〇之操作及一將玻璃溶料施加及燒製至連接線及太陽能電池 的側向側以將連接器附接至太陽能電池的侧向侧之操作。 連接器耦合之操作可在染料敏化的太陽能電池之製造方法 的-適當步驟中進行或經由一已知的額外方法進行以自第 及第二電極排放連接線且自其移動電子。一般而言，一太 陽月匕電池需要—連接線，且連接器的排放係為該技藝已知。 將所排放連接器絕緣及將連接器附接至太陽能電池的 側向側之操作係在太陽能電池完全製造之後進行，但不在 此限。或者，將連接線絕緣及附接之操作可隨時進行只要 第一及第二電極彼此密封且太陽能電池的側向側不變即 2〇可。如上述，破璃熔料可藉由一概括燒製(燒結）製程被燒製 (垸釔）或只有破璃熔料經施加部份可藉由將一雷射施加於 。亥部伤上而被局部地燒結。 如上述，根據本發明之染料敏化的太陽能電池及其製 造方法係被一破璃熔料經燒結體部緊密地密封以防止一電 16 200840067 解質洩漏、確保機械強度並防止一電解質容易自一密封部 份揮發、可抵抗外部衝擊或損害且以強度緊密地密封來延 長壽命並增強惡劣外部環境下操作的耐久度。 雖然已顯示及描述本發明的數項示範性實施例，熟習該 5 技術者將瞭解可在這些示範性實施例中作改變而不脫離本發 明的原理及精神，其範圍由申請專利範圍及均等物所界定。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖為根據本發明第一示範性實施例之一染料敏化 的太陽能電池之剖視圖， 10 第2圖為根據本發明第二示範性實施例之一染料敏化 的太陽能電池之剖視圖； 第3圖為根據本發明第三示範性實施例之一染料敏化 的太陽能電池之剖視圖； 第4圖為根據本發明第四示範性實施例之一染料敏化 15 的太陽能電池之剖視圖； 第5圖為根據本發明第五示範性實施例之一染料敏化 的太陽能電池之剖視圖； 第6圖為根據本發明第六示範性實施例之一染料敏化 的太1¼能電池之剖視圖， 20 第7圖為根據本發明第七示範性實施例之一染料敏化 的太陽能電池之剖視圖； 第8圖顯示根據本發明示範性實施例之染料敏化的太 陽能電池之一經緊密密封的電解質注射孔； 第9圖顯示根據本發明示範性實施例之染料敏化的太 25 陽能電池之經加工連接線。 17 200840067 【主要元件符號說明】 10…第一電極 21…支撐層 ll···透射層 22…支撐層的外周 12…透射層的外周 23…觸媒金屬層 13…多孔層 25…電解質注射孔 15,26…傳導膜 30…電解質 16…體塊層 40,50,70…玻璃熔料經燒結體部 20…第二電極 60…連接線 18The above and/or other aspects of the present invention will be apparent from the following description of the embodiments, in which: FIG. 1 is a dye sensitized according to one of the first exemplary embodiments of the present invention. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a dye-sensitized solar cell according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention; 7 200840067 FIG. 3 is a dye sensitized according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a dye-sensitized solar cell according to a fourth exemplary embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a dye-sensitized solar energy according to a fifth exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a dye-sensitized solar cell according to a sixth exemplary embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 7 is a solar cell of a dye-sensitized 10 according to a seventh exemplary embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 8 is a view showing a tightly sealed electrolyte injection hole of a dye-sensitized solar cell according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 9 is a view showing the present invention A processed connection line of a dye-sensitized solar cell of the exemplary embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the following, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, wherein like numerals represent like elements and A dye-sensitized solar cell according to the present invention comprises a first electrode 10 having 20 a transmission layer 11, a second electrode 20 facing the first electrode 10, and a first electrode 10 and a second electrode. The electrolyte 30 between 20, wherein the transmission layer 11 has a porous layer 13 containing a dye in one side. The electrolyte 30 is injected into a space formed by a glass frit through the sintered body portion 40 to divide the first and second electrodes 10 and 20 from each other by a predetermined interval. 200840067 • The first and second will be separated The electrodes 10 and 20 are sealed together. Hereinafter, the dye-sensitized solar cell according to the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Figs. 1 to 9. As described above, the 'dye-sensitized solar cell system includes the first electrode 10 having the transmission layer 5 11 , the second electrode 2 面对 facing the first electrode 1 , and one between the first and second electrodes 1 and 2 The electrolyte 3 is interposed, wherein the transmission layer has a porous layer 13 containing a dye in one side. According to the present invention, the first and second electrodes 10 and 2 are separated from each other with a space therebetween being tightly sealed by the glass frit through the sintered body portion 40 to inject the electrolyte 3〇 into the formed sealed space. Therefore, the electrolyte 30 is stably maintained between the first and second electrodes 1 and 20 for a long period of time. Figures 9 through 9 show dye-sensitized solar cells in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. This will be described in detail below. The porous layer 13 includes a different known porous layer coupled to (absorb) a dye, such as a transition metal oxide layer formed by applying and firing (sintering) TiO 2 having a size of 1 〇 to 15 nm. The transmission layer 11 having the porous layer 13 is not limited to the flat layer. Alternatively, the transmission layer 11 may comprise a layer having an uneven surface. The transmission layer 11 can comprise different known transmission layers for use in a solar cell. For example, the transmissive layer 11 can comprise a material such as a glass layer that transmits visible rays or waves in a particular wavelength range beyond the visible radiation. 20 Preferably, the transmission layer 11 is conductive as an electrode. In a particular example, the transmission layer 11 can comprise a known transmission glass, a transmissive resin, PET, ITO or FTO. The transmission layer 11 may further include a conductive film or a coating layer (ITO, FTO or conductive polymer) between the porous layer 13 and the transmission layer 11 to be conductive. The second electrode 20 facing the first electrode 10 in an opposite side may comprise a 9 200840067 as a known layer for the second electrode of the solar cell. The second electrode 20 is not limited to the flat layer. Alternatively, the second electrode 2'' may include a layer having an uneven surface. The first electrode 2G may comprise a material that transmits a visible ray or wave that is in a range of wavelengths beyond the visible ray. For example, the second electrode 2〇5 may include known transmissive glass, transmission resin, PET, ITO or FTO. Preferably, the first electrode 2A may further comprise a conductive film or a coating layer (ITO, FTQ or conductive polymer) for silk conductivity. The second electrode 2〇 may further include a catalyst metal layer such as platinum disposed on one of the outermost surfaces of the first electrode 1〇 to enhance the absorption efficiency of sunlight and activate the reaction. The glass of the sintered body is applied by sealing and baking (sintering) the glass in the outer periphery of the substrate to seal the substrate together. The glass material can include different known glass frits. Preferably, the glass frit may comprise & a low melting point glass frit to carry a processing/dishability such as firing to a low level. More preferably, the frit melt includes - having a shed. ◦ 15 and lower melting low melting point glass or _ low melting point glass frit with 2 talks and lower glass transition temperature. In the dye-sensitized solar cell according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the 'first electrode 10' includes a transmission layer η having a transmissive material, and the porous layer η is formed on a surface of the transmission layer u at a predetermined interval and transmission. The outer circumference 12 of the layer 20 11 is separated and the dye is absorbed into the porous layer 13. The second electrode 20 of the dye-sensitized solar cell comprises a support layer 21 and a catalytic metal layer 23 formed across the surface of the support layer 21 or spaced apart from the support layer by a predetermined interval. The first and second electrodes are arranged such that the porous layer U and the catalytic metal layer 23 face each other. The glass frit is formed on the outer periphery 12 of the transmission layer 11 having no porous layer 13 and the catalytic metal layer 23 of the support layer 21 or the outer periphery 22 of the support layer 23 having no catalytic metal layer 23 via the sintered body portion 4 200840067. The first and second electrodes 10 and 20 are tightly sealed together. As mentioned above, the transmission layer 11 can comprise different known transmission layers. As shown in the first, fifth or seventh embodiment, the transmission layer 11 may comprise only a conductive material such as ITO or FTO. Alternatively, as shown in Figs. 3 to 6, a conductive film 15 such as an ITO or FTO' coating layer may be formed on the glass layer (or a transmissive surface molecule such as PET). The conductive film 15 may be coupled to the glass frit formed on the conductive film 15 through the sintered body portion 40 to tightly seal the first and second electrodes 10 and 20 to one. As shown in Fig. 5, the conductive film 15 may alternatively be separated from the outer periphery of the glass layer such as the porous layer 13 to directly couple the glass frit to the glass layer via the sintered body portion 4'. In this case, a connecting wire electrically connected to the conductive film 15 is discharged to the outside. The porous layer 13 formed on the transmission layer 11 may include different known multi-hole layers which absorb a dye to form a surface of the transmission layer 11. As shown, the I porous layer 13 is preferably spaced apart from the outer periphery 12 of the transmissive layer 11 at a predetermined interval to prevent the electrolyte 30 from leaking through the porous layer π. The dye may include different known dyes to be used in dye-sensitized solar cells. The method of applying dye to the porous layer 13 by which it is absorbed is known in the art. As shown in FIG. 7, the first electrode 10 may further include an integral block layer 16 as an additional transition metal oxide on the porous layer 13. The bulk layer 16 can be formed by applying and firing 400 nm to 500 nm Ti〇2 to enhance the absorption efficiency of sunlight. 11 200840067 The branch layer 21 of the second electrode 20 may comprise different known support layers. Preferably, the transmission layer 11 can be used. As shown in Figures 1, 2 or 7, the support layer may comprise only a conductive, transmissive material such as ITO or FTO. Alternatively, as shown in Figs. 3 to 6, a conductive film 26, such as a ΓΓΟ or FT0 coating layer or a transmissive conductive polymer layer, may be formed on the glass layer (or a transmissive polymer such as PET). The conductive film 26 can be coupled to the glass frit formed on the conductive film 26 through the sintered body portion 40 to tightly seal the first and second electrodes 1 and 2〇 together. As shown in FIG. 5, the conductive film 26 may alternatively be spaced apart from the outer periphery of the glass layer such as the porous layer 13 of the first electrode 1〇 to directly couple the glass frit to the glass layer via the sintered body 4〇10 or ITO/FTO layer. In this case, a connecting wire electrically connected to the conductive film 26 is discharged to the outside. The second electrode 20 may further include a catalyst metal layer 23 added to the support layer 21. As shown, the catalyst metal layer 23 can be i) separated across a surface of the support layer 21 (applied or coated) or ii) separated from the outer perimeter 15 22 of the support layer 21 at predetermined intervals. That is, the catalyst metal layer 23 may be formed across the surface of the support layer 21 as shown in Figs. 1 and 3 or may be spaced apart from the outer periphery 22 of the support layer 21 at predetermined intervals as shown in Figs. 2, 4 to 7. Therefore, the glass frit can be knitted by the sintered body portion 40 on the catalytic metal layer 23 of the second electrode 20 (see FIGS. 1 and 3) or selectively coupled to the glass layer (see FIG. 5, FIG. 5), ITO/FTO. Layer (see Figures 2, 6 and 7) or conductive films 1$ and 25 (see Figure 4). That is, the porous layer 13 of the first electrode 10 faces the catalytic metal layer 23 of the second electrode 20. The glass frit is formed on the outer periphery 12 of the transmission layer 11 having no porous layer 13 and i) the catalytic metal layer 23 of the support layer 21 or ii) through the sintered body portion 4, 2008. 12200840067 Support layer having the catalytic metal layer 23 The outer circumferences 22 of 21 are tightly sealed together between the first and second 'electrodes 10 and 20. The dye-sensitized solar cell according to the present invention further includes a electrolyte injection hole through which the electrolyte 30 is injected. Preferably, the second electrode 2〇 5 further includes an injection hole 25 to inject the electrolyte 30 therethrough. The electrolyte injection hole 25 can be tightly sealed by a glass frit through the sintered body portion 50. Fig. 8 shows an electrolyte injection hole 25 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Since the electrolyte injection hole 25 is sealed by the glass frit through the sintered body portion 50, leakage of the electrolyte 30 can be prevented to thereby ensure the durability of the solar cell. The first electrode 1 or the second electrode 20 of the dye-sensitized solar cell according to the present invention comprises a connecting wire 6 被 discharged to the outside of the unit cell. Preferably, the connector 60 is inserted into a frit through the sintered body 7 and attached to the lateral side of the solar cell. Here, the sensitized solar cell of the dye-sensitized solar cell refers to a single unit as shown in Figures 1 to 9. Each of the unit cells includes a connection line 60 that connects or supplies power to an external component. If the connecting wire 60 is exposed to the outside, a short circuit or discharge may occur. Therefore, a glass frit as an insulator is applied to the connecting wire 6 turns and then the connecting wire 60 is attached to the lateral side of the dye-sensitized solar cell to prevent damage by external impact. If the connecting wire 60 is discharged from the side 20 side of the dye-sensitized solar cell, the glass frit is applied to the connecting wire 60 and then fired. The connecting wire 60 is inserted into the glass frit through the sintered body portion 7''. The present invention provides a method of producing a dye-sensitized solar cell. The first electrode 1A having the transmissive layer 11, the second electrode 20 facing the first electrode 1〇, and the electrolyte 3 between the first and second electrodes 10 and 20 are dyed 13 200840067 The solar cell manufacturing method comprises the steps of: adding and firing a glass frit on a surface of a person's surface σ between the first and second electrodes 10 and 20; And the second electrode ... and the capping together, wherein the transmissive layer 11 comprises a porous layer containing a dye in the lateral side. That is, the method for manufacturing a different type of dye-sensitized solar cell comprises applying and firing a glass refining between the first and second Leito 1 Λ 〜 10 electrodes 10 and 20 to burn the glass frit The mouth portion 40 closely seals the first and second electrodes 10 and 20. , ,; can include the above glass melt. The method of applying a glass frit 10 can include no known methods. Preferably, the paste-type glass is refinished to the outer circumferences 12 and 22 of the first and first electrodes 1Q and 2G. The applied frit can be fired by a known firing method or by only a portion of the laser applied by the slow frit. The glass frit is locally heated to thereby reduce thermal shock to other components. 15 A method of manufacturing a dye-sensitized solar cell of the present invention may include the operation of providing a transmission layer having a -first electrode transmissive material, an operation of forming a porous layer separated from the periphery of the transmission layer by a pre-twist interval, The operation of applying a dye to the porous layer to be absorbed by it, the operation of providing the support layer of the second electrode, a surface across the support layer or separating the outer periphery of the support layer at a predetermined interval 20 to form a catalytic metal layer Operation, a process of applying a glazing solution to the outer periphery of the transmission layer having no porous layer and the catalyst metal layer of the support layer or the outer periphery of the support layer having no catalyst metal layer, a turn-in-first The two electrodes operate such that the porous layer and the catalytic metal layer face each other and - the operation of applying the glass frit to tightly seal the first and second electrodes together. • The transmission layer may comprise the above known transmission layer. More specifically, the transmission layer may comprise an insulator such as ITO, FTO or a glass layer to which a conductive film is added. The porous layer may include the above-described known porous layer. The porous layer is preferably formed by applying 5 and firing 10 nm to 15 nm Ti〇2. Methods of applying a dye to a porous layer are known in the art. Preferably, a substrate having a porous layer is impregnated into a dye solution to cause the porous layer to absorb the dye. The process of applying the dye may be performed after the integral block layer is formed as shown in Fig. 7. Alternatively, the process of applying the dye may be performed before the first and second electrodes are coupled to each other with a liquid filled in the space 10 (by injecting a dye solution into the electrolyte injection hole as will be described later). The order may be different as long as the dye is absorbed into the porous layer. As described above, the bulk layer can be formed on the porous layer. Then, a support layer of the second electrode is provided and a catalytic metal layer is formed by a coating method such as plating and sputtering. Preferably, the porous layer is separated from the outer periphery of the transmission layer at a predetermined interval. The catalyst metal layer may be separated from the outer periphery of the support layer by a predetermined interval, but is not limited thereto. Alternatively, the catalytic metal layer can be formed across the surface of the support layer. The glass frit is applied to the first and second electrodes in a different manner as shown in Figures 1 through 9 and then fired (including being fired by laser heating) to closely bond the 20th and second electrodes Sealed together. The method of manufacturing a dye-sensitized solar cell may further include an operation of forming an injection hole on the second electrode to inject the electrolyte therethrough, an operation of injecting the electrolyte through the injection hole, and a method of applying and firing the glass frit to the injection. The hole is operated to seal the injection hole. The operation of forming the electrolyte injection hole can be performed only in the operation of injecting the electrolyte 15 200840067. Therefore, the operation of forming the electrolyte injection hole can be performed after or after the operation of providing the support layer > ^, after the formation of the catalytic metal layer or after the operation of coupling the first and second electrodes. After the injection of the electrolyzed injection hole to prepare the electrolyte for the dye-sensitized solar cell, the glass frit is applied to the injection hole and fired to be sealed, as shown in Fig. 8. - The method of manufacturing a dye-sensitized solar cell may further include coupling a connection line discharged from the first electrode or the second electrode to the outer portion of the unit cell, and operating, selectively discharging the connection line to the solar cell The operation of the lateral side 1 及 and an operation of applying and firing the glass frit to the side of the connecting line and the solar cell to attach the connector to the lateral side of the solar cell. The operation of the connector coupling can be performed in a suitable step of the method of fabricating the dye-sensitized solar cell or via a known additional method to discharge the wires from the first and second electrodes and to move electrons therefrom. In general, a solar cell battery requires a connection line and the discharge of the connector is known in the art. The operation of insulating the drain connector and attaching the connector to the lateral side of the solar cell is performed after the solar cell is completely manufactured, but not limited thereto. Alternatively, the operation of insulating and attaching the connecting wires may be performed at any time as long as the first and second electrodes are sealed to each other and the lateral sides of the solar cells are not changed. As described above, the frit can be fired by a general firing (sintering) process or only by the applied portion of the frit can be applied to a laser. The hai portion was injured and partially sintered. As described above, the dye-sensitized solar cell according to the present invention and the method of manufacturing the same are tightly sealed by a frit material through the sintered body portion to prevent electrolyte leakage, ensure mechanical strength, and prevent an electrolyte from being easily self-contained. A sealed portion is volatilized, resistant to external impact or damage and tightly sealed with strength to extend life and enhance durability in harsh external environments. While several exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art The object is defined. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a dye-sensitized solar cell according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a dye-sensitized one according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a dye-sensitized solar cell according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 4 is a view showing a dye-sensitized solar cell according to a fourth exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a dye-sensitized solar cell according to a fifth exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 6 is a dye-sensitized solar cell according to a sixth exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Cross-sectional view of a battery, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a dye-sensitized solar cell according to a seventh exemplary embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 8 is a view showing one of the dye-sensitized solar cells according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Sealed Electrolyte Injection Hole; Figure 9 shows a processed connection line of a dye-sensitized Tai 25 solar cell in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 17 200840067 [Description of main component symbols] 10...first electrode 21...support layer 11···transmission layer 22...outer periphery 12 of support layer...outer periphery 23 of transmission layer...catalytic metal layer 13...porous layer 25...electrolyte injection hole 15,26...conductive film 30...electrolyte 16...body block layer 40,50,70...glass frit through sintered body portion 20...second electrode 60...connection line 18