TW200845896A - Insecticides as safeners for fungicides with phytotoxic activity - Google Patents
Insecticides as safeners for fungicides with phytotoxic activity Download PDFInfo
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- TW200845896A TW200845896A TW097104712A TW97104712A TW200845896A TW 200845896 A TW200845896 A TW 200845896A TW 097104712 A TW097104712 A TW 097104712A TW 97104712 A TW97104712 A TW 97104712A TW 200845896 A TW200845896 A TW 200845896A
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- fungicide
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Classifications
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
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- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/38—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the group >N—CO—N< where at least one nitrogen atom is part of a heterocyclic ring; Thio analogues thereof
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- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N51/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds having the sequences of atoms O—N—S, X—O—S, N—N—S, O—N—N or O-halogen, regardless of the number of bonds each atom has and with no atom of these sequences forming part of a heterocyclic ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
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Description
200845896 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於選自GABA拮抗劑及菸鹼受體促效劑/拮抗 劑以及適當時至少一種激勃素之殺蟲劑用作具有植物毒性 效應之殺真菌劑的安全劑之用途。此外,本發明亦係關於 -種用於降低或防止殺真菌劑對於用殺真g劑處理之植物 或對於種子或生長基質已經或正在用該等殺真菌劑處理之 植物的植物母性效應之方法。本發明最終亦係關於包含至 少-種GABA拮抗劑、至少一種唾類殺真菌劑或嗜毯果伞 素類殺真菌劑及適當時至少一種激勃素之組合物,且係關 於包含至少一種菸鹼受體促效劑/拮抗劑、至少一種唑類 殺真囷劑或嗜毬果傘素類殺真菌劑及適當時至少一種激勃 素之組合物。 【先前技術】 已知一些植物保護劑對用其處理之作物可能具有植物毒 性效應。因此,F· M〇ntf〇rt等人,⑽牝⑷, 2報^了諸如環囷唾(hitic〇naz〇ie)之嗤類殺真 ® d用於處理種子及作物之用途對於植物生長可能具有不 良效應。舉例而言,當用氟喹唑(fluquinconazole)或環菌 唾處理小麥時,觀察_向生長大大降低。 申月人所進行之實驗已證實其他植物毒性效應亦存在於 /、二鉸真菌劑(主要為唑類殺真菌劑以及嗜毯果傘素 類殺真菌劑)虛:^ + π 1 & 处里之植物中,例如減少或延期發芽或減少 出土。 128449, doc 200845896 該等不利效應伴有產量損失及在某種程度上破壞該等化 合物之殺真菌活性,從而限制使用該殺真菌劑之經濟效 益0 【發明内容】 因此,本發明之目的為提供降低或防止植物毒性活性殺 真菌劑之消極效應的化合物。 令人驚奇地,已發現某些殺蟲劑會防止或至少降低該等 殺真菌劑之植物毒性效應。 藉由將選自GABA拮抗劑及菸鹼受體促效劑/拮抗劑以及 適當時至少一種激勃素之殺蟲劑用作對於由殺真菌劑處理 之植物、用殺真菌劑處理之種子或在用殺真菌劑處理之基 質中生長之植物具有植物毒性效應之殺真菌劑的安全劑來 達成此目的。 通常’由於用於破壞雜草之除草劑,術語,,安全劑”係用 於降低或防止損害作物之物質。然而,為達到本發明之目 的,將此術語以更通用之術語定義且其係指降低或防止作 物保護劑(在本文中特定為殺真菌劑)對用其處理之植物及/ 或對於種子及/或生長基質已經或正在用其處理之植物的 植物毒性效應之物質。因此,本發明之標的係關於以上指 定之殺蟲劑及適當時至少一種激勃素用於降低或防止殺真 菌劑對於已經或正在用該等殺真菌劑處理之植物及/或對 於種子及/或生長基質已經或正在用該等殺真菌劑處理之 植物的植物毒性效應之用途。 自然地,術語,,種子”係關於已生長出植物之種子,而非 128449.doc 200845896 自身產生種子之種子。 術語”種子”表示所有類型之植物繁殖物質^其包含實際 意義上之種子、穀粒、水果、塊莖、根莖、孢子、插枝 (cutting)、插條(slip)、分生組織、單株植物細胞及可生長 出完整植物之任何形式之植物組織。其較佳為實際意義上 之種子形式。 生長基質"係指植物生長或將要生長之任何類型基質, 諸如土壌(例如在盆中、在田埂上或在田間)或人工培養 基。其通常為土壤形式。 在本發明之一實施例中,殺蟲劑係選自GABA拮抗劑。 ΑΒΑ^σ抗Μ較佳係選自乙醯蟲腈(aat〇pr〇ie)、安殺番 (endosulfan)、乙蟲清(ethipr〇le)、氟蟲腈(fiy⑽⑴、範裏 W (vaniliprole)、啦氟普羅(pyrafi零。比普羅 (pyriprole)及式Γ〗之苯基吡唑化合物:
Ο S
氣蟲腈尤其較佳用作GABA枯抗劑。 在本發明之另_每 只知例中,殺蟲劑係選自菸鹼受體促效 劑/抬抗劑。 &驗又體促政船拮抗劑較佳係選自咬蟲脉(acetamiprid)、 128449.doc 200845896 可尼丁(clothianidin)、吱蟲胺(dinotefuran)、益達胺 (imidacloprid)、稀咬蟲胺(nitenpyram) 、σ塞蟲琳 (thiacloprid)及嗟蟲嗓(thiamethoxam) 〇 其尤其較佳係選自啶蟲脒、可尼丁、益達胺及噻蟲嗪, 更佳係選自可尼丁、益達胺及噻蟲嗪,且甚至更佳係選自 可尼丁及益達胺。特定言之,菸鹼受體促效劑/拮抗劑為 可尼丁。 已知來自GABA拮抗劑及菸鹼受體促效劑/拮抗劑之群的 殺蟲劑及其製備方法。其已描述於(例如)The Pesticide Manual,第 13 版,British Crop Protection Council (2003); Farm Chemicals Handbook,第 88 卷,Meister Publishing Company, 2001 ; http://www.hclrss.demon.co.uk/index. html中,其均以全文引用的方式併入本文中。 激勃素較佳係選自式I之彼等物質:
其中: R表示氫原子或羥基;且 ——意謂單鍵或C-C雙鍵存在於該位置。 以下4種式1-1至1-4之化合物屬於式I之化合物: 128449.doc 200845896
(Μ)
(1-2)
激勃酸)
已知式I之激勃素及其製備方法,且其已描述於(例 如)WO 02/0697M中,該專利以全文引用的方式併入本文 中。 激勃素尤其較佳為式(1-2)之激勃酸(激勃素a3)。 植物毒性活性殺真菌劑較佳係選自唑類殺真菌劑及嗜毯 果傘素類殺真菌劑。 唑類殺真菌劑(亦稱為克唑殺真菌劑)為包含芳族5員氮 雜環之殺真菌活性化合物。詳言之,其包含咪唑環("咪唑 克唑類")或三唑環(,,三唑克唑類”)。 唑類殺真菌劑及其製備方法原則上為熟悉此項技術者所 知且描述於(例如)Farm Chemicals Handbook,Meister
Publishing Company 或 Compendium of Pesticide C〇mm〇n
Names, http://www.hclrss.demon.co.uk/中,其均以全文引 用的方式併入本文中。 較佳之嗤類殺真菌劑為已知通用名稱為比多農 (bitertanol)、溴克。坐(bromoconaz〇ie)、環克口坐 128449.doc -10- 200845896 (cyproconazole)、苯醚甲環口坐(difenoconazole)、二硝基克 口坐(dinitroconazole)、氟環口坐(epoxiconazole)、芬克口坐 (fenbuconazole)、氟喹唑、護矽得(flusilazole)、護汰芬 (flutriafol)、己唑醇(hexaconazole)、依滅列(imazalil)、葉 , 菌唾(metconazole)、邁克尼(myclobutanil)、平克 α坐 (penconazole)、撲克拉(prochloraz)、普克利 (propiconazole)、丙硫醇克哇(prothioconazole)、得克利 (tebuconazole)、三泰芬(triadimefon)、三泰隆 鲁 (triadimenol)、賽福唑(triflumizole)及環菌唑之彼等殺真菌 劑。 尤其較佳之唑類殺真菌劑係選自苯醚甲環唑、氟環σ圭、 氟喹唑、護汰芬、依滅列、葉菌唑、撲克拉、普克利、丙 硫醇克唑、得克利、三泰隆及環菌唑。更佳之唑類殺真菌 劑係選自氟環唑、氟喹唑、護汰芬、撲克拉、丙硫醇克 嗤、及環菌嗤,且甚至更佳係選自氟環唑、氟喹唑、撲克 φ 拉及環菌唑。尤其,其係選自氟喹唑、撲克拉及環菌唑。 特定言之,其係選自撲克拉及環菌唑。更特定言之,唑類 殺真菌劑為環菌唾。 嗜毬果傘素類殺真菌劑為來源於天然嗜毬果傘素之殺真 ♦ 菌活性化合物,其為由嗜毯果傘素屬(嗜毬果傘素物種)之 真菌產生的防禦物質。結構上,其包含丨.)至少一個選自烯 醇醚、肟醚及〇-烷基羥基胺之官能基(基團^及之)至少一 個羧基衍生物(基團„)。較佳之羧基衍生物為以下官能 基:酯、環酯、醯胺、環醯胺、氧肟酸及環氧肟酸。較佳 128449.doc -11 - 200845896 地,基團I及基團II之基團係直接相鄰,亦即藉由單鍵鍵 聯。 嗜毯果傘素類殺真菌劑原則上為熟悉此項技術者所已知 且描述於(例如)Farm Chemicals Handbook,Meister Publishing Company 或 Compendium of Pesticide Common Names, http://www.hclrss.demon.co.uk/中,其均以全文引 用的方式併入本文中。 尤其較佳之嗜毯果傘素為已知通用名稱為亞托敏 (azoxystrobin)、醚菌胺(dimoxystrobin)、氟氧菌胺 (fluoxastrobin)、克收欣(kresoxim-methyl)、苯氧菌胺 (methaminostrobin)、奥瑞菌胺(orysastrobin)、咬氧菌胺 (picoxystrobin)、百克敏(pyraclostrobin)及三氟敏 (trifloxystrobin)之彼等物質。更佳地,嗜毯果傘素類殺真 菌劑係選自百克敏、亞托敏、奥瑞菌胺及醚菌胺。甚至更 佳地,嗜毯果傘素類殺真菌劑係選自亞托敏、奥瑞菌胺及 醚菌胺,且尤其為醚菌胺。 以上所述之殺真菌劑、殺蟲劑及激勃素亦可以其農業上 而才受之鹽的形式使用。因此,分子中包含驗性氮原子之所 有化合物(通常以所有唑類殺真菌劑為例,例如亞托敏、 氟氧菌胺、百克敏,例如啶蟲脎、可尼丁、益達胺、烯啶 蟲胺、售蟲琳、σ塞蟲唤、乙酸蟲腈、乙蟲清、氟蟲腈、範 裏普、°比默普羅、°比普羅及式Γ 1之化合物)均可以其酸加 成鹽之形式使用。具有可離解(abstractable)質子之化合物 (例如具有羧基,諸如激勃素I)可以其與金屬陽離子、銨離 128449,doc -12- 200845896 子、鱗離子、锍離子或氧化疏離子之鹽的形式使用。 可藉由(例如)使游離驗與合適之布朗斯特酸(Br6nsted acid)反應來製備酸加成鹽。合適之酸具有農業上耐受之酸 陰離子且係選自(例如)氫i酸’諸如氫氟酸、氫氯酸、氮 溴酸及氫碘酸;硫酸;磷酸;硝酸;苯甲酸;及烷 酸,諸如曱酸、乙酸、丙酸及丁酸。
詳言之,合適陽離子之實例為下列各物之陽灕子:鹼金 屬,較佳為鋰、鈉或鉀;鹼土金屬,較佳為鈣、鎂或鋇; 及過渡金屬,較佳為猛、銅、鋅或鐵。合適之銨陽離子為 銨陽離子本身(NH/)以及經取代之銨離子,其中}至4個氕 原子由(VC4烷基、Cl-C4羥基烷基、Ci_C4烷氧基、 烷氧基-q-C4烷基、羥基-Cl-C4烷氧基-Ci_C4烷基、苯基或 节基置換。合適之銨離子之實例包含甲基銨、乙基銨、丙 基鏔、異丙基銨、丁基銨、二曱基銨、二乙基錄、二丙基 銨、二異丙基銨、二丁基銨、三甲基銨、三乙基銨、三丙 基銨、三丁基銨、四曱基銨、四乙基銨、四丙基銨、四丁 基銨、2-羥基乙基銨、2_(2_羥基乙氧基)乙基銨、雙(2_羥 基乙基)銨、节基二甲基銨及节基三乙基銨。鐫離子、諸 如二(CVC4烷基)銃之銃離子及諸如三(Ci_C4烷基)氧化鎳之 氧化疏離子亦合適。 C!-C4烧基表示曱基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正丁 基、第二丁基、異丁基或第三丁基。 C1-C4羥基烷基表示至少一個氫原子由羥基置換之 烷基。實例為羥基甲基、;μ羥基乙基及2_羥基乙基、丨,2_ 128449.doc -13- 200845896 二羥基乙基、i-羥基丙基、2_羥基丙基及3_羥基丙基、 1,2-二羥基丙基、:ι,3_二羥基丙基、2,弘二羥基丙基、 1,2,3_三m基丙基、1_瘦基丁基、2-經基丁基、3經基丁基 及4-羥基丁基及其類似基團。 C〗-C4烷氧基表示經由氧原子鍵結之C〗_C4烷基。實例為 f氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、異丙氧基、正了氧基、第二丁 氧基、異丁氧基及第三丁氧基。 • C1_C4烷氧基-C1_C4烷基表示至少一個氫原子由烷氧基置 換之c】-c4烧基。實例為曱氧基甲基、乙氧基甲基、丙氧 基甲基、異丙氧基甲基、丁氧基甲基、第二丁氧基甲基、 異丁氧基甲基、第三丁氧基甲基、甲氧基乙基、卜乙氧基 乙基及2-乙氧基乙基、i•丙氧基乙基及2_丙氧基乙基、卜 異丙虱基乙基及2-異丙氧基乙基、!·丁氧基乙基及2· 丁氧 基乙基、1-第二丁氧基乙基及2_第二丁氧基乙基、卜異丁 ⑨基乙基及2_異丁氧基乙基q•第三丁氧基乙基及2·第三 丁氧基乙基、甲氧基丙基、2_甲氧基丙基及3_甲氧基丙 基、1-乙氧基丙基、2·乙氧基丙基及3_乙氧基丙基、卜丙 乳基丙基、2-丙氧基丙基及3_丙氧基丙基、卜異丙氧基丙 基、2·異丙氧基丙基及3-異丙氧基丙基叫_丁氧基丙基、 2:丁氧基丙基及3-丁氧基丙基、卜第二丁氧基丙基、2·第 丁氧基丙基及3-第二丁氧基丙基、卜異丁氧基丙基、2· 氧基丙基及3-異丁氧基丙基、r第三丁氧基丙基、2_ 弟二丁氧基丙基及3_第三丁氧基丙基及其類似基團。 128449.doc -14- 200845896 經基-CrC4烷氧基-Cl-C4烷基表示至少一個氫原子係由 至夕個烷氧基置換之匸^4烷基。此外,烷基或烧氧基 或兩者中之至少一個氫原子係由羥基置換。實例為(2_羥基 乙氧基)甲基、(2-經基丙氧基)·曱基及(3_經基丙氧基)_甲 基、(2-經基乙氧基)乙基、(2-羥基丙氧基)_丨_乙基及(3_羥 基丙氧基乙基、(2-羥基丙氧基)_2_乙基及(3_羥基丙= 基)-2-乙基、2-乙氧基-1-羥基乙基及其類似基團。 分子中包含羧基之激勃素(諸如式〗之激勃素)不僅可以其 鹽形式使用,亦且可以酯形式使用。詳言之,合適之酯為 具有諸如甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、異丙醇、正丁醇、第二丁 醇、異丁醇及第三丁醇2Cl-C4烷醇的彼等酯。 本發明之安全劑的使用會降低或防止某些殺真菌劑施加 於用該殺真菌劑處理之植物或種Μ自用該殺真菌劑處理 之種子生長或生長於用該殺真菌劑處理之生長基質中之植 物的植物毒性效應。 ”處理植物”意謂在植物生存期期間,亦即在出土與凋謝 或收穫之間,較佳在生長階段期間,亦即由出土起始至開 始開花之前處理植物或更確切言之地上植物部分。 該等殺真菌劑具有之植物毒性效應可以多種方式顯示且 可藉由使本身及/或種子及/或生長基質已用植物毒性活性 殺真菌劑處理之植物與本身、種子及生長基質未用此殺真 菌劑處理之植物相比較來辨別。自然地,必須在無病原體 條件下進行比較,因為否則未處理植物可能會由於感染而 顯示與植物毒性效應對應或與其類似之症狀。 128449.doc -15- 200845896 植物毒性效應本身表明(例如)已用所述殺真菌劑處理及/ 或播種於經,真菌劑處理之生長基質中之種子的發芽更不 良。不良發牙意謂與未用所述将亩# 未處理之生長基質中=:真:劑處理且生長於相應 較少缺苗。巾之種子相比’相同數目之種子會產生 "或者或另外’植物毒性效應可顯示為減少之出土。將 出土理解為4謂秧苗自土壤中出現。減少鱼 未用所述殺真菌劑處理且發芽及生長於相應未處理二; 土壌中出現。 ⑽目之種子而“交少秧苗自 在一些植物種中,發笫另+ 自土壤中出現。然而,因為並非;J::,亦即首先子葉 故分別描述發芽及出土非所有植物之情況均如此, 或者或此外’植物毒性效應可顯示為減少之胜, 亦即莖亚未如所期望的情 " 地上。在諸如榖類之片及頂點可能躺在 其會降低或防止倒伏.:::’此特徵未必不利’因為 良。 然而,在-些植物種中,其完全不 植==外可植物毒性效應可顯示為減弱之 物毒性殺真菌劑二==生長基質未用所述植 之生命力以各種因Γ 命力減弱。植物 為: 素顯不。表現植物生命力之因素之實例 (a)總體外觀; 128449.doc -16 - 200845896 (b)根生長及/或根發育; (勹葉片面積之大小; (d) 葉片綠色著色之強度; (e) 地面附近枯葉之數目; 、 (f)植物高度; (g) 植物重量; (h) 生長速率; ⑴果實之外觀及/或數目; (j) 植物林分密度; (k) 發芽行為; (l) 出土行為; (m) 胚芽數目; (η)胚芽類型(品質及生產力); (〇)植物動性,例如對於生物或非生物的壓力之抗性; (Ρ)存在壞死; φ U)衰老行為。 因此,植物毒性效應可顯示為上述因素中之至少一者之 惡化,例如顯示為以下各項: (a) 較差總體外觀; (b) 不良根生長及/或不良根發育; (c) 葉片面積之大小減小; (d) 葉片綠色著色減弱; (e) 地面附近枯葉增多; (f) 植物高度降低; 128449.doc -17- 200845896 (g) 植物重量降低; (h) 生長速率減緩; ⑴果實之外觀不佳及/或數目降低; (』)植物林分密度降低; W發芽行為不良(參見上文); (l) 出土行為不良(參見上文); (m) 胚芽較少; φ ⑻胚牙°口質降低(例如弱胚芽),胚芽產生能力減小; ()植物軔丨生減小’例如對於生物或非生物的壓力之抗 小; (Ρ)存在壞死; (q)老化行為不佳(較早老化)。 生物壓力係歸因於與植物(例如雜草)、植物病原性真菌 及其他微生物(諸如細菌及病毒)競爭之生物體,例如害蟲 (諸如昆蟲、蜘蛛類動物、線蟲及其類似物)。非生物壓力 # 係由(例如)極端溫度(諸如熱、冷珠、大溫度變化或非季節 μ度)乾干、極知潤濕、高含鹽量、輻射(例如由於臭 氧層減弱使得UV輻射增加)、土壤附近臭氧量增加及/或有 機及無機污染增加(例如,由於植物毒性量之農藥或重金 屬污染)引起的。生物及非生物壓力導致受壓植物及其果 實之數量及/或品質降低。因此,例如,當生長及多醣合 成幾乎因為所有壓力因素而降低時,蛋白質之合成及添加 主要受溫度壓力不利地影響。此結果導致生物質量損失且 導致植物產品之營養含量降低。 128449.doc -18- 200845896 顯然,植物毒性效應之個別症狀之外觀視植物本身(或 其地上部分)、其種子或其生長基質是否已用殺真菌劑處 理而定。因此,當播種之前或之後不久處理種子及/或生 長基質時,將僅自然觀察到不良發芽行為。上述情況同樣 適用於出土 4亍為。然而’當在植物之生存期(亦即在出土 與收穫或凋謝之間)期間已處理植物或其部分時,亦可觀 察到植物生命力減弱(例如顯示為特徵⑷至⑴及(m)至⑷ 中之至少一者的惡化)。 然而,當生長出植物之種子及/或該植物之生長基質已 用所述木又真囷劑處理(尤其在植物出土之前)時,且詳言之 §種子已用所述殺真窗劑處理時,可主要觀察到植物毒性 效應。 在一較佳實施例中,本發明係關於上述殺蟲劑及適當時 上述激勃素用以改良種子及/或生長基質已經或正在用如 上文所定義之殺真菌劑處理之植物的發芽之用途。 在另一較佳實施例中,本發明係關於上述殺蟲劑以及適 當時上述激勃素用以改良已經或正在用如上文所定義之殺 真菌劑處理之植物及/或種子及/或生長基質已經或正在用 如上文所疋義之市又真囷劑處理之植物的出土之用途。 在另一較佳實施例中,本發明係關於上述殺蟲劑以及適 當時上述激勃素用以改良已經或正在用如上文所定義之殺 真菌釗處理之植物及/或種子及/或生長基質已經或正在用 如上文所定義之殺真菌劑處理之植物的生命力之用途。 詳3之,本發明係關於上述殺蟲劑以及適當時上述激勃 128449.doc -19- 200845896 素中之至少一者用以改良種子已用如上文所定義之殺真菌 劑處理之植物的發芽及/或出土及/或生命力之用途。 一原則上,植物之形式可為所有植物種及植物變種,其通 常用上述殺真菌劑處理且其中由於此處理而觀察到植物毒 效應。通常,該等植物為農業上有用之植物,否則為觀 貝植物。農業上有用之植物為部分或全部植物作為食物、 飼料、纖維(例如棉花、亞麻布)、燃料(例如木材、生物乙 生物木油生物質量)或其他化合物之原料的作物。 ^列為大豆、玉米、小麥、黑小麥、黑麥、燕麥、大麥、 油菜、粟/高粱、水稻、向日葵、棉花、甜菜、核果、仁 果、拇括類水果、香薰、、草莓、越桔、杏仁、葡萄、芒 果木瓜、化生、馬鈴薯、番茄、辣椒、黃瓜、南瓜 (P:pkin/squash)、甜瓜、西瓜、大蒜、洋葱、胡蘿菌、 甘藍菜、豆、豌豆及飼用豌豆、小扁豆、紫花苜靖、苜 稽、亞麻、象草(芒屬)、草、萵苣、甘嚴、茶葉、煙草及 叻口口非〇 較佳的農業上有用之植物係選自大豆、玉米、小麥、黑 :麥、热麥、黑麥、大麥、油菜、粟/高粱、水稻、向日 六及甘庶’更佳係選自大豆、小麥、玉米、水稻及油菜且 更佳係選自大豆及小麥。其較佳為大豆。 或者’較佳的農業上有用之植物係選自馬鈴薯、番茄、 辣t、黃瓜、南瓜、甜瓜、西瓜、大蒜、洋蒽、胡蘿萄、 釆、豆、豌豆、飼用豌豆及葛苣,更佳係選自番蘇、 年悤、萵苣及豌豆。 128449.doc -20- 200845896 觀賞植物之實例為草皮、天竺葵、天竺葵屬、矮牽牛、 秋海棠及吊種花屬,所提及者僅為大量觀賞植物中之少數 實例。 實質上,植物可為非轉殖基因或轉殖基因植物。
在本發明之一實施例中,轉殖基因植物之重組修飾較佳 地使得實質上植物對某些作物保護劑(例如除草劑)具有抗 性。舉例而言,轉殖基因植物對除草劑草甘膦可能具有抗 性。轉殖基因植物之實例為對來自磺醯脲(參見,例如, EP-A-025 7993、US 5,013,659)、咪唑啉酮(參見,例如, US 6,222,100 > WO 01/82685、WO 00/26390、WO
97/41218、WO 98/02526、WO 98/02527、WO 04/106529、 WO 05/20673 、WO 03/14357、WO 03/13225 、WO
03/14356、WO 04/16073)、草銨膦(glufosinate)類(參見,例 如,EP-A-024223 6、EP-A-242246)或草甘膦類(參見,例 如,WO 92/00377)之群的除草劑具有抗性之彼等植物或對 來自環己二烯酮/芳氧苯氧丙酸除草劑(參見,例如,US 5,162,602、US 5,290,696、US 5,498,544、US 5,428,001、 US 6,069,298 > US 6,268,550、US 6,146,867、US 6,222,099、US 6,414,222)之群的除草劑具有抗性之植物或 為轉殖基因植物,諸如能夠形成可抵抗某些害蟲之蘇雲金 桿菌毒素(Bacillus thuringiensis toxin)(Bt毒素)之棉花(參 見,例如,EP-A-0142924、EP-A-0193259)。 轉殖基因植物之一實例為對除草劑具有抗性且尤其具有 草甘膦抗性(Roundup Ready抗性)之轉殖基因大豆。 128449.doc 21 200845896 關於上述殺真菌劑、殺蟲劑及激勃素之使用方式及用 量,參考下文所述以及本發明之方法。 此外’本發明亦係關於一種用於降低或防止殺真菌劑對 於已經或正在用該等殺真菌劑處理之植物及/或對於其種 子及/或其生長基質已經或正在用該等殺真菌劑處理之植 物的植物毒性效應之方法,其中使用其中至少一種殺真菌 劑與至少一種上述殺蟲劑,及適當時,與至少一種上述激 勃素組合處理該植物及/或其種子及/或其生長基質。 關於合適及較佳之殺真菌劑、殺蟲劑、激勃素及植物可 參考上文所述。 該方法較佳用於降低或防止如上文所定義之殺真菌劑對 於其種子已用該殺真菌劑處理之植物之植物毒性效應,其 中該植物之種子接受其中至少一種殺真菌劑,與至少一種 上述殺蟲劑及適當時,與至少一種上述激勃素組合處理。 該方法較佳用於改良接受此等處理之植物的發芽及/或 出土及/或生命力。 對植物、其種子及/或其生長基質之處理方式可(例如)使 用含至少一種殺真菌劑、至少一種殺蟲劑及適當時至多一 種激勃素之混合物處理植物、其部分、其種子及/或其生 長基質。或者,可分開使用至少一種殺真菌劑、至少一種 殺蟲劑及適當時至少一種激勃素處理植物、其種子及/或 其生長基質,個別活性物質可能同時或連續進行處理。在 連續處理之情況下,時間間隔可為幾秒至幾個月,例如至 6、8或甚至10個月。然而,時間間隔必須使得可以產生所 128449.doc •22- 200845896 需效應。較佳地,步田 一 处里之間的間隔相當短,亦# 劑、殺蟲劑及適當時#田々、紅^ 具国 τ使用之激勃素之施用時間間隔為幾秒 夕—個月、尤其較佳為至多不超過-週且特定士之 至多不超過-天。原則上,有可能將不同 :於 不同標的(在本發明之卜Λ & 貝應用於 月之上下文中,標的為植物、種 長基質),亦即,例r 扣 生 例如有可能用活性物質中之一者(例如 真菌劑)處理種子,且右7 &收# 八 且有可此將其他活性物質(例如殺蟲 及適當時激勃素)應用於自該種子發育之植物及/或有可炉 2其處理其生長基質。然而’較佳地將所有所用之活性: 質應用於同一標的。在遠择考 在連,處理之情況下,個別活性物 之應用久序通常視需要而定。然而,通常首先應用至少一 種权真囷^,之後應用至少一種殺蟲劑及適當時至少 激勃素。 尤其較佳為處理種子及/或生長基質,且尤其種子。此 處’種子可在播種之前處理或經由其播種之生長基質處 理,例如在以所知之條施(in_furr〇w appHcati〇n)形式播種 期間。在此應用形式中,實質上將植物保護劑與種子同時 放入犁溝中。 本發明所用之殺真菌劑之總重量與用於本發明之殺蟲劑 之總重量的比率較佳為刚:…:⑽,尤其較佳㈣至 1:50’更佳1〇:1至1:10,甚至更佳5:1至1:5且尤其15:1至 1:5,例如 1·2··1 至 1:3 或 1:1至 1:2。 若使用激勃素,則用於本發明之殺真菌劑之總重量與用 於本發明之激勃素之總重量的比率較佳為說m,尤 128449.doc -23· 200845896 其較佳100:1至1:1,更佳100:1至2:1,甚至更佳70:1至5:1 且尤其70:1至1〇:1。 可以即用製劑之形式,以懸浮、乳化或溶解形式一起或 /刀別调配活性物質(亦即至少一種殺真菌劑、至少一種殺 蟲劑及it當時至少_種所踐勃素)M吏用形 < 完全取決 於預期目的。
活性物夤可以原樣、以其調配物形式或由此製備之使用 形式使用’例如以可直接噴射溶液、粉末、懸浮液或分散 液以及冋/辰度水性、油性或其他懸浮液或分散液、乳液、 油I·生刀政液、糊狀物、粉塵、追蹤粉或顆粒形式使用。通 常藉由喷霧、下霧、霧化、散射或傾倒來實現該應用。使 用升/式及使用方法視預期目的而$ ’在任何情況下,其應 確保活性物質之最佳可能分布。 取決於存在活性物質之即用製劑之表示,其包含一或多 種液體或固體载劑、視情況表面活性物質及視情況習知用 於調配植物保護劑之其他佐劑。該等調配物之組合物為熟 悉此項技術者所熟知。 例如:可藉由添加水而自乳液濃縮物、懸浮液、糊 物、可濕性粉末或水分散性 、 文性顆粒開始來製備水性使用形 式。為製備乳液、糊狀物或油性 乂 /由性分散液,呈原樣或溶解於 油或溶劑中之活性物質可葬 、9助於濕潤劑、黏著劑、分散劑 或乳化劑於水中均質化。秋 # — μ 、 …、而,亦可能製備由活性物質、 々者切、分散劑或乳化劑及通备〜 . 、田日守 >谷劑或油組成之濃縮 物,且該專濃縮物適於用水稀釋。 128449.doc -24 - 200845896 即用製劑中活性物質之濃度可在實質範圍内變化。一般 而。,其在〇.〇〇〇1與1〇%之間,較佳在〇〇1與1%之間(基於 即用製劑總重量之總活性物質含量之重量%)。 活性物質亦可以超低容量(ULV)方法成功使用,有可能 應用具有大於95重量%之活性物質之調配物,或甚至不含 添加劑之活性物質。 可向活性物質中添加各種類型之油類、濕潤劑、佐劑、 肇除草剤、不同於用於本發明之活性物質之殺真菌劑及殺蟲 劑、殺線蟲劑、諸如殺菌劑之其他農藥、肥料及/或不同 於用於本發明之激勃素之生長調節劑,若適當恰好在使用 之¥』添加(槽式混合)。可將該等物質以ι:1〇〇至1〇〇:ι、較 佳ι:ιο至io:i之重量比摻合至用於本發明之活性物質 中。 詳言之’此含義内之佐劑為有機改質聚矽氧烷,例如 Break Thru S 240®;醇烷氧基化物,例如Atplus 245⑧、 φ Atplus MBA 1303⑧、Plurafac LF 300⑧及 Lutensol ON 30® ; EO/PO嵌段共聚物,例如piur〇nic RpE Μ%⑧及Genap〇1 B⑧;醇乙氧基化物,例如Lutensol XP 80® •,及二辛基碏化 琥珀酸納,例如Leophen RA®。 •當使用本發明所用之活性物質以及其他殺真菌劑時,加 寬之活性殺真菌光譜會導致多種情況。 以下所列之殺真菌劑連同可應用之用於本發明之活性物 質意欲說明(但不限制)可能之組合: •醯基丙feC酸類,諸如苯霜靈(benalaXyl)、滅達樂 I28449.doc -25- 200845896 (metalaxyl)、°夫醯胺(ofurace)、歐殺斯(oxadixyl); •胺衍生物,諸如阿迪嗎琳(aldimorph)、多寧(dodine)、 嗎菌靈(dodemorph)、粉鏽琳(fenpropimorph)、苯鏽淀 (fenpropidin)、雙脈鹽(guazatine)、雙脈辛胺 (iminoctadine)、三得芬(tridemorph); •苯胺基嘴σ定類,諸如比利美沙尼(pyrimethanil)、滅派林 (mepanipyrim)或賽普洛(cyprodinyl);
•抗生素,諸如環己醯亞胺、灰黃黴素(griseofulvin)、春 曰黴素(kasugamycin)、遊黴素(natamycin)、多氧菌素 (polyoxine)或鏈黴素(streptomycin); •二魏甲醯亞胺類,諸如依普同(iprodion)、米克琳 (myclozolin)、撲滅寧(procymidon)、免克寧 (vinclozolin); •二硫代胺基甲酸酯類,諸如福美鐵(ferbam)、代森納 (nabam)、猛乃浦(maneb)、I孟粉克(mancozeb)、威百故 (metam)、甲基鋅乃浦(propineb)、聚胺基曱酸酯 (polycarbamate)、得恩地(thiram)、益穗(ziram)、鋅乃浦 (zineb); •雜環化合物,諸如敵菌靈(anilazine)、免賴得 (benomyl)、貝芬替(carbendazim)、邁隆(dazomet)、芬 瑞莫(fenarimol)、氟多寧(flutolanil)、福拉比 (furametpyr)、稻盘靈(isoprothiolan)、滅鏽胺 (mepronil)、氟苯0f 咬醇(nuarimol)、嗟菌靈 (probenazol)、 比芬諾(pyrifenox)、百快隆 128449.doc -26- 200845896 (pyroquilon)、快諾芬(quinoxyfen)、甲基-多保淨 (thiophanat-methyl)、三賽口坐(tricyclazol)、賽福寧 (triforine); •銅殺真菌劑,諸如波爾多混合物(Bordeaux mixture)、乙 酸銅、驗性氣氧化銅、驗式硫酸銅; •硝基苯基衍生物,諸如百蜗克(binapacryl)、白粉克 (dinocap)、大脫蟎(dinobuton)、硝基鄰苯二甲酸異丙基 (nitrophthal-isopropyl);
•苯基吡咯,諸如拌種咯(fenpiclonil)或護汰寧 (fludioxonil); •硫; •其他殺真菌劑,諸如加普胺(carpropamid)、四氯異苯腈 (chlorottialonil)、霜脲氰(cymoxanil)、璉菌清 (diclomezin)、二氯西莫(diclocymet)、乙黴威 (diethofencarb)、護粒松(edifenphos)、三苯醋錫(fentin acetate)、口密菌月宗(ferimzone)、扶吉胺(fluazinam)、福賽 得(fosetyl)、乙石粦銘(fosetyl-aluminum)、六氯苯 (hexachlorobenzene)、賓克隆(pencycuron)、苯酖 (phthalide)、查脫辛(quintozene); •次磺酸衍生物,諸如四氯丹(captafol)、蓋普丹 (captan)、益發靈(dichlofluanid)、福爾培(£〇1口61:); •肉桂酸胺類及類似物,諸如達滅芬(dimethomorph)、氟 美醯胺(flumetover)。 在本發明之一特定實施例中,除本發明所用之殺真菌劑 128449.doc -27 - 200845896 外不使用其他殺真菌劑。 以已知方式’(例如)藉由增加活性物質及溶劑及,或载 劑^必要時使用纟面活性物質(亦即乳化劑及分散劑)來製 備调配物。合適溶劑/助劑實質上為: -水、芳族溶劑(例如S0lvess0產品、二甲苯)、烷煙(例如 礦物油餾份)、醇(例如甲醇、丁醇、戊醇、苯曱醇)、_ (例如環己嗣、甲基經基丁酮、二丙酮醇、異亞丙基明 (mesityl oxide)、異佛爾酮)、内酯(例如丫_丁内酯卜吡 咯啶酮類(吡咯啶酮、Ν_甲基吡咯啶酮、Ν_乙基吡咯啶 酮、Ν-辛基吡咯啶酮)、乙酸酯(乙二醇二乙酸酯)、二 醇、脂肪酸二甲基醯胺、脂肪酸及脂肪酸酯。原則上, 亦可使用溶劑混合物。 "載劑,諸如經研磨之天然礦物(例如高嶺土卜黏 土、滑石粉、白堊)及經研磨之合成礦物(例如高分散二 氧化矽、矽酸鹽);乳化劑,諸如非離子型及陰離子型 乳化*丨(例如聚氧乙細脂肪醇峻、烧基續酸酯及芳基石黃 酸酯)及諸如木質素亞硫酸鹽廢液及甲基纖維素之分散 劑。 合適之界面活性劑為木質磺酸、萘磺酸、苯酚磺酸、二 丁基奈磺酸之鹼金屬、鹼土金屬及銨鹽;烷基芳基磺酸 酉曰,烷基硫酸酯;烷基磺酸酯;脂肪醇硫酸酯;脂肪酸及 瓜酉文化月曰肪醇一醇驗;此外為磺化萘及萘衍生物與曱酸之 縮合物;萘或萘磺酸與苯酚及甲醛之縮合物;聚氧乙烯辛 基苯基醚;乙氧基化異辛基苯酚;辛基苯酚;壬基苯酚; I28449.doc -28- 200845896 烧基苯基♦乙一醇醚;三丁基苯基聚乙二醇醚;三硬脂醯 基苯基聚乙二醇醚;烷基芳基聚醚醇;醇及脂肪醇/氧化 稀縮δ物,乙氧基化蓖麻油;聚氧乙婦烧基趟;乙氧基 化♦氧化丙烯,月桂醇聚乙二醇醚縮醛;山梨糖醇酯;木 質素亞硫酸鹽廢液及甲基纖維素。
I於製備可直接噴射之溶液、乳液、糊狀物或油性分散 液之物質為具有中等至高沸點之礦物油餾份,諸如煤油或 木油,此外為煤焦油及植物或動物來源之油;脂族烴、環 煙及芳族煙,例如甲苯、二甲苯、烧烴、四氫萘、燒基^ 萘或其衍生物;甲醇;乙醇;丙醇;丁醇;環己醇;環己 酮’異亞丙基異佛爾酮;強極性溶劑,例如二甲亞 砜、2-吡咯啶酮、冰甲基吡咯啶酮、丁内酯及水。 粉末、用於撒布之物質及粉塵可藉由使活性物質與固體 載劑混合或同時研磨來製備。 、 例如包衣顆粒、浸潰顆粒及均質顆粒之顆粒可藉由使活 性成份與固體載劑結合來製備。固體載劑之實例為礦物 土,諸如矽膠、矽酸鹽、滑石粉、高嶺土、美國活性白 土、石f石、石灰、白垄、紅玄武土、黃土、黏土、白雲 石、矽澡土、硫酸鈣、硫酸鎂、氧化鎂;經研磨之合成物 質;肥料,諸如硫酸銨、磷酸銨、硝酸銨、 . &I,及植物 來源之產品’諸如縠類粗粉、樹皮粗粉、木材粗粉及 设粗粉、纖維素粉末;及其他固體載劑。 用於處理種子之調配物可另外包含黏合 及適當時著色劑。 次膠嘁劑 128449.doc -29· 200845896 一般而言,調配物包含0 01至95重量%、較佳〇,1至㈧重 虽/°尤其5至50重量%之活性物質。活性物質係以至 100%、較佳95%至100%之純度(根據NMR譜)使用。 對於種子處理而言,即用製劑中之相關調配物在稀釋 10倍之後會產生0.01至60重量%、較佳〇丨至4〇重量%之活 性物質濃度。 以下為調配物之實例: 1 ·用水稀釋之產品 I) 水溶性濃縮物(SL、LS) 將10重1份活性物質溶解於9〇重量份水或水溶性溶劑 中作為替代,添加濕潤劑或其他佐劑。在用水稀釋後, 活性物質溶解。此獲得具有10重量。/〇活性物質含量之調配 物0 II) 可分散性濃縮物(DC) 將20重量份活性物質溶解於70重量份環己酮中,同時添 加10重量份例如聚乙烯吡咯啶酮之分散劑。活性物質含量 為20重量%。用水稀釋得到分散液。 HI)可乳化濃縮物(EC) 將1 5重量份活性物質溶解於75重量份二曱苯中,同時添 加十二烷基苯磺酸鈣及蓖麻油乙氧基化物(在各情況下為5 重里伤)。调配物具有15重量%之活性物質含量。用水稀釋 得到乳液。 JV)乳液(EW、EO、ES) 128449.doc -30- 200845896 將25重量份活性物質溶解於35重量份二曱苯中,同時添 加十一烷基苯磺酸鈣及萬麻油乙氧基化物(在各情況下為5 重量份)。藉助於乳化劑(Ultraturax)將該混合物引入3 〇重 里伤水中且製成均質乳液。調配物具有25重量%之活性物 質含量。 v) 懸浮液(SC、〇D、FS)
在攪動式球磨機中,將20重量份活性物質粉碎,同時添 加10重量份分散劑及濕潤劑及70重量份水或有機溶劑以得 :精細活性物質懸浮液。調配物中之活性物質含量為20重 里%。用水稀釋得到活性物質之穩定懸浮液。 vi) 水分散性顆粒及水溶性顆粒(WG、SG) 將5〇重量份活性物質精細研磨,同時添加5〇重量份分散 劑及濕潤劑且藉助於技術設備(例如擠壓機、喷霧塔、流 體化床)將其製成水分散性或水溶性顆粒^調配物具有 重量❶Λ之活性物質含量。用水稀釋得到活性物質之穩定分 散液或溶液。 VII)水分散性粉末及水溶性粉末(WP、sp、ss、 份活性物質,同時添 調配物之活性物質含 貝之穩定分散液或溶 在轉子-定子研磨機中研磨75重量 加25重量份分散劑、濕潤劑及矽膠。 量為75重量%。用水稀釋得到活性物 液0 VIII)凝膠調配物(GF) 、1 〇重量份分散劑、 溶劑混合以得到精細 在球磨機中,將20重量份活性物質 1重量份膠凝劑及70重量份水或有機 128449.doc -31 - 200845896 懸浮液。 2.未經稀釋即應用之產品 IX)粉塵(DP、DS) 將5重量份活性物質精細研磨且與95重量份經精細分開 之高嶺土精細混合。此獲得具有5重量%活性物質含量之 追蹤粉。 X) 顆粒(GR、FG、GG、MG) 將〇,5重量份活性物質精細研磨且與95 5重量份載劑組 合。此處,當前方法為擠壓、噴霧乾燥或流體化床。:獲 得未經含量為〇. 5重量%之活性物質稀釋而應用之顆粒。 XI) ULV溶液(UL)
將10重量份活性物質溶解於90重量份例如二曱苯之有I 溶劑中。此獲得未經含量為10重量%之活性 2 用之產品。 物貝稀釋而應 適用於處理種子之調配物為(例如): I 水溶性濃縮物(LS) III 可乳化濃縮物(EC) IV 乳液(ES) V 懸浮液(FS) VI 水分散性顆粒及水溶性顆粒(SG) VII 水分散性粉末及水溶性粉末(ws、 VIII 凝膠調配物(GF) IX 粉塵及粉塵樣粉末(DS) SS) 對於處理種子而言,較佳使用FS調配物。通常,該等货 128449.doc -32- 200845896 配物包含1至800 g/l活性物質、1至200 g/l界面活性劑、〇 至2〇〇 g/1防凍劑、0至400 g/1黏合劑、〇至200 g/ι著色劑及 較佳為水之溶劑。 用於處理種子之活性物質之較佳FS調配物通常包含〇 5
至80%之活性物質、〇〇5至5%之濕潤劑、〇5至15%之分散 劑、0.1至5%之增稠劑、5至2〇%之防凍劑、〇1至2%之消 /包劑、1至20%之顏料及/或著色劑、〇至15%之黏著劑或黏 附劑、0至75%之填充劑/媒劑及〇 〇〗至丨%之防腐劑。 用於處理種子之活性物質調配物的合適顏料或著色劑為 顏料I 15.4、顏料藍i5:3、顏料藍15:2、顏料藍、顏 料藍8〇、顏料黃1、顏料黃13、顏料紅112、顏料紅48:2、 顏料紅48:1、顏料紅57:1、顏料紅53:1、顏料橙Μ、顏料 橙34、顏料橙5、顏料綠36、顏料綠7、顏料白6、顏料棕 25、鹼性紫10、驗性紫49、酸性紅”、酸性紅&酸性紅 14、酸性藍9、酸性黃23、鹼性紅1〇、鹼性紅1〇8。 洋&之,合適濕潤劑及分散劑為上述表面活性物質。較 佳濕潤劑為m丙基料酸m 丁基萘續酸醋之 烷基萘磺酸醋。較佳分散劑為非離子型或陰離子型分散劑 或非離子型或陰離子型分散劑之混合物。詳言之,合適非 離子型分散劑為氧化乙稀/氧化丙烯嵌段共聚物;:基苯 朌聚乙二賴及三苯乙烯基苯紛聚乙,,例如聚氧化 乙烯辛基苯酚醚’’乙氧基化異辛基苯酚;辛基苯紛,·壬基 苯紛;院基苯盼聚乙二_ ;三丁基苯基聚乙二醇鍵;三 硬脂醯基㈣!)苯基聚乙m基芳基㈣醇;醇/ 128449.doc -33- 200845896 氧化乙烯及脂肪醇/氡化乙烯縮合物;乙氧基化蓖麻油; 聚氧乙烯烧基醚;乙氧基化聚氧化丙烯;月桂醇聚乙二醇 _縮駿;山梨糖醇酯及曱基纖維素。詳言之,合適陰離子
型分散劑為木質確酸、萘續酸、苯齡續酸、二丁基萘續酸 之鹼金屬鹽、鹼土金屬、銨鹽;烷基芳基磺酸酯;烷基硫 酸酯,烷基磺酸酯;脂肪醇硫酸酯;脂肪酸及硫酸化脂肪 醇二醇醚;此外芳基磺酸酯/甲醛縮合物,例如磺化萘及 $衍生物與甲醛之縮合物、萘或萘磺酸與苯酚及甲醛之縮 口物,木質素%酸酯;木質素亞硫酸鹽廢液;曱基纖維素 之磷酸化或硫酸化衍生物;及聚丙烯酸鹽。 可使用之防凍劑原則上為所有降低水熔點之物質。合適 之防凍劑包括烷醇,諸如曱_'乙醇、異丙醇、丁醇、乙 二醇、甘油、二乙二醇及其類似物。 合適之增簡為可以農用化學品組合物形式肢該等目 的之所有物質,例如纖維素衍生物、聚㈣酸衍生物、三 仙膠、改質黏土及高度分散性二氧切。 可使用之消泡劑為習知用於調配農用化學品活性物質之 所有抑制發泡物質。聚石夕氧消泡劑及硬脂酸鎂尤其合適。 可使用之防腐劑為可以農用化學品組合物形式用於該等 目的之所有防腐劑。可能提及之實例為雙氯齡、異嘆唾酮 類e),諸如❻苯并異售唾_3叫酮、2_甲 ㈣、5备2·?基令2·(4初基)_3叫異嗟 ^ 八噻唑·3-酮、氯-2-甲基-2Η-異噻 3酮5虱-2-甲基_2Η_異噻唑_3•酮鹽酸鹽、。·二氯· 128449.doc -34 - 200845896 2-環己基-4-異噻唑啉_3_酮、4,5•二氯_2_辛基_2H_異噻唑_ 3,、2-甲基】-異嗟。圭-3·酮、2_甲基_211_異。塞峻_3_酮/氯 化鈣錯合物、2-辛基_2H_異噻唑_3_酮及节基醇半縮醛。、 添加黏附劑/黏著劑以改良處理之後活性成份對於種子 之黏著。合適之黏附劑為基於E〇/p〇之表面活性嵌段共聚 物’以及聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯啶酮、聚丙烯酸_、聚曱 基丙烯酸酯、聚丁烯'聚異丁烯、聚苯乙烯、聚乙烯胺、 _ \乙烯1¾ t乙稀亞胺(Lupasol®、Polymin®)、聚趟及 自該等聚合物衍生之共聚物。 膠凝劑之實例為角叉菜。 原則上’可用於處理種子之方法為處理或調理種子之所 有習知方法,諸如乾種子處理、種子處理之溶液、種子處 理之水溶性粉末、種子漿料處理之水分散性粉末或結殼。 特定言之,該處理遵循一程序,其中將種子在合適裝置 (例如用於固體或固體/液體混合搭配物之混合裝置)中與呈 • 原樣或預先用水稀釋之所要量種子處理調配物混合,直至 組合物均勻分布於種子上。若適當,此後進行乾燥步驟。 適用於處理植物、尤其植物之地上部分的調配物包含噴 霧施用劑、粉塵及微粒,較佳為噴霧施用劑。 適於製備未經稀釋即應用之喷霧溶液之調配物為·· I 水溶性濃縮物(LS) II 可分散性濃縮物(DC) III 可乳化濃縮物(EC) IV 乳液(EW、EO) 128449.doc -35- 200845896 v 懸浮液(sc) VI 水分散性顆粒及水溶性顆粒(WG) νπ 水分散性粉末及水溶性粉末(WP、sp) 適用於處理土壤之調配物為(例如)顆粒及噴霧施用劑。 用於處理植物地上部分之總施用率(亦即用於本發明之 活性物質之總量)較佳為每季0.001至3 kg/ha,尤其較佳 0.005 至 2 kg/ha,更佳 0.01 至 2 kg/ha且尤其 〇 〇1 至! _。
用於處理種子之總施用率(亦即用於本發明之活性物質 之總量)為(例如)每100 kg種子0.1至1000 g,尤其較佳1至 750 g,更佳5至200 g,甚至更佳1〇至15〇 g且尤其2〇至15〇 g 〇 用於本發明之活性物質可一起或分別調配。 本發明之用it或本發明《方法導致所用㉟真菌劑之植物 毒性效應明顯減小且基本上不改變或甚至改良該殺真菌 及/或殺蟲活性。
此外,本發明係關於一種組合物(組合物a),其包含至 少一種選自GABA拮抗劑之殺蟲劑 劑及適當時至少一種激勃素。 至少一種唑類殺真菌 本發明之組合物A較佳包含至少一種選自gaba抬抗劑 之殺蟲劑、至少一種唑類殺真菌劑及至少一種激勃素。 至少一種GABA拮抗劑較佳係選自乙醯蟲腈、安殺番、 乙蟲清、氟蟲腈、範裏普、錢普羅"比普羅及式rl之苯 基咄唑化合物。 此外,本發明係關於一 種組合物(組合物Β),其包含至 I28449.doc -36 - 200845896 少-種選自GABA拮抗劑之殺蟲劑、至少__種嗜毽果伞素 類殺真囷劑及適當時至少一種激勃素。 本發明之組合物B較佳包含至少一種選自_拮抗劑 之殺蟲劑、至少-種嗜毯果傘素類殺真菌劑及至少一種激 勃素。 此外,本發明係關於一種組合物(組合物C),其包含至 少-種選自錢受體促效劑/拮抗劑之殺蟲劑、至少一種 唑類殺真菌劑及適當時至少一種激勃素。 本發明之組合物C較佳包含至少一種選自菸鹼受體促效 劑/拮抗劑之殺蟲劑、至少一種。坐類殺真菌劑及至少一種 激勃素。 此外,本發明係關於一種組合物(組合物D),其包含至 少一種選自於驗受體促效劑/拮抗劑之殺蟲劑、至少1種 嗜毯果傘素類殺真n劑及適t時至少—種激勃素。 本發明之組合㈣較佳包含至少一種選自終鹼受體促效 劑/拮抗劑之殺蟲劑、至少一種嗜毯果傘素類殺真菌劑及 至少一種激勃素。 車乂佳地,至少一種存在於組合物A及C中之唑類舻直菌 劑係選自苯醚曱環唑、 ^ … 列、葉㈣、撲克拉、普克利、丙硫醇克唾、得克利= 泰隆及&囷唾’尤其較佳係選自氟環唾、氟噎嗤、撲克拉 及%囷唾且尤其係選自撲克拉及環菌峻。 環菌唑。 %之,其為 至> 一種於鹼受體促效劑/拮抗劑較佳係選自啶蟲脒、 128449.doc -37- 200845896 可尼丁夫蛾胺、盈達胺、烯啶蟲胺、噻蟲啉及噻蟲嗪。 其尤其較㈣選自可尼了、益達胺及錢嗪。其尤其為可 尼丁。 至 種視情況存在於組合物A、B、C及D中之激勃素 較佳係選自式I之激勃素。其尤其較佳為激勃酸。 在本叙月之尤其較佳貫施例中,本發明之組合物c包 含可尼丁、苯醚曱環唑及激勃酸。在本發明之一尤其較佳 之替代實施例中,本發明之組合物C包含可尼丁、氟環唑 及激勃酸。在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例中,本發 明之組合物C包含可尼丁、氟喹唑及激勃酸。在本發明之 一尤其較佳之替代實施例中,本發明之組合物C包含可尼 丁、護汰芬及激勃酸。在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施 例中,本發明之組合物c包含可尼丁、依滅列及激勃酸。 在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例中,本發明之組合物 c包含可尼丁、葉菌唑及激勃酸。在本發明之一尤其較佳 之替代貫施例中’本發明之組合物C包含可尼丁、撲克拉 及激勃酸。在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例中,本發 明之組合物C包含可尼丁、普克利及激勃酸。在本發明之 一尤其較佳之替代實施例中,本發明之組合物C包含可尼 丁、丙硫醇克唑及激勃酸。在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代 實施例中,本發明之組合物c包含可尼丁、得克利及激勃 酸。在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例中,本發明之組 合物C包含可尼丁、三泰隆及激勃酸。在本發明之一尤其 較佳之替代實施例中,本發明之組合物c包含可尼丁、環 128449.doc -38- 200845896 菌σ坐及激勃酸。 在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例中,本發明之組合 物C包含益達胺、苯醚甲環唑及激勃酸。在本發明之一尤 其較佳之替代實施例中,本發明之組合物C包含益達胺、 氟環唑及激勃酸。在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例 中’本發明之組合物C包含益達胺、氟喹唑及激勃酸。在 本發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例中,本發明之組合物c 包含益達胺、護汰芬及激勃酸。在本發明之一尤其較佳之 替代實施例中,本發明之組合物C包含益達胺、依滅列及 激勃酸。在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例中,本發明 之組合物C包含益達胺、葉菌唑及激勃酸。在本發明之一 尤其較佳之替代實施例中,本發明之組合物C包含益達 胺、撲克拉及激勃酸。在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施 例中,本發明之組合物C包含益達胺、普克利及激勃酸。 在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例中,本發明之組合 物C包含盈達胺、丙硫醇克。圭及激勃酸。在本發明之一尤 其較佳之替代實施例中,本發明之組合物C包含益達胺、 得克利及激勃酸。在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例 中’本發明之組合物C包含益達胺、三泰隆及激勃酸。在 本發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例中,本發明之組合物C 包含益達胺、環菌唑及激勃酸。 在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例中,本發明之組合 物Α包含氟蟲腈、苯_曱環唆及激勃酸。在本發明之一尤 其較佳之替代實施例中,本發明之組合物A包含氟蟲腈、 128449.doc -39- 200845896 氟環唑及激勃酸❶在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例 中,本發明之組合物A包含氟蟲腈、氟喹唑及激勃酸。在 本發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例中,I發明t組合物A 包含氟蟲腈、護汰芬及激勃酸。在本發明之一尤其較佳之 ‘ t代實施例中,本發明之組合物A包含氧蟲腈、依滅列及 激勃酸。在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例中,本發明 之組合物A包含氟蟲腈、葉菌唑及激勃酸。在本發明之一 _ 尤其較佳之替代貫施例中,本發明之組合物A包含氟蟲 腈、撲克拉及激勃酸。在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施 例中,本發明之組合物A包含氟蟲腈、普克利及激勃酸。 在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例中,纟發明之組合物 A包含氟蟲腈、丙硫醇克唾及激勃酸。在本發明之一尤其 較佳之替代實施例中,本發明之組合物A包含氟蟲腈、得 克利及激勃酸。在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例中, 本發明之組合物A包含氟蟲腈、三泰隆及激勃酸。在本發 _ 明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例中,本發明之組合物A包含 氟蟲腈、環菌唑及激勃酸。 在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例中,本發明之組合 物D包含可尼丁及亞托敏。在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代 實施例中,本發明之組合物D包含可尼丁及醚菌胺。在本 發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例中,本發明之組合物d包 含可尼丁及奥瑞菌胺。 在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例t,本發明之組合 物D包含可尼丁、亞托敏及激勃酸。在本發明之一尤其較 128449.doc -40- 200845896 佳之替代實施例中,本發明之組合物D包含可尼丁、醚菌 胺及激勃酸。在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例中,本 發明之組合物D包含可尼丁、奥瑞菌胺及激勃酸。 在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例中,本發明之組合 物D包含益達胺及亞托敏。在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代 實施例中,本發明之組合物D包含益達胺及醚菌胺。在本 發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例中,本發明之組合物〇包 含益達胺及奥瑞菌胺。 在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例中,本發明之組合 物D包含益達胺、亞托敏及激勃酸。在本發明之一尤其較 佳之替代實施例中,本發明之組合物D包含益達胺、醚菌 胺及激勃酸。在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例中,本 發明之組合物D包含益達胺、奥瑞菌胺及激勃酸。 在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例中,本發明之組合 物B包合氟蟲腈及亞托敏。在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代 _ 實靶例中,本發明之組合物B包含氟蟲腈及醚菌胺。在本 發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例中,本發明之組合物b包 含氟蟲腈及奥瑞菌胺。 在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例中,本發明之組合 物B包含氟蟲腈、亞托敏及激勃酸。在本發明之一尤其較 佳之替代實施例中,本發明之組合物B包含氟蟲腈,醚菌 胺及激勃酸。在本發明之一尤其較佳之替代實施例中,本 發明之組合物B包含氟蟲腈,奥瑞菌胺及激勃酸。 本發明之組合物可為以上所定義之殺真菌劑中之至少一 128449.doc •41 - 200845896 者與以上所定義之殺蟲财之至少_者及適 義之激勃素中之至少一者的物理混合物來式Ή上所定 :亦:為活性物質之任何組合,其中個別二 爲以結合调配物形式存在。 、、 、 結合調配物中不存在至少一種殺真菌劑 劑及適當時至少-種激勃素之本發明組合^種殺蟲 份套組或;3組份套組。 、汽例為2組 因此,本發明亦係關於2組份套組,其包含且 、 種殺真菌劑、液體或固體載劑及適當、—、有至夕 物質及/或至少-種習知佐劑之第一組份=種表面活性 -種殺蟲劑、液體或固體載劑及適當時至 具有至/ 物質及/或至少一種習知佐 表面活性 紐怜另a人s , 弟一組伤。視情況,第二 組伤另外包含至少一種激勃素。 本發明亦係關於3組份套組’其包含具有至 菌劑、液體或固體載劑及 心:: 及/或至少-種習知佐劑之“/=表面活性物質 d之弟一組份、具有至少一 劑、液體或固體载劑及適广 或至少一種習知佐劑之第_/心#表面活性物質及/ 音及具有至少-種激勃 素、液體或固體载劑及適 、田主乂 種表面活性物質及/ 或至少一種習知佐劑之第三組份。 合適液體及固體盤兩| . 上文中。 載4、表面活性物質及習知佐劑描述於 如上所述,本發明 其可含有上#他_= 可以調配形式存在,及/或 、、知(例如其他活性物質(殺真菌劑、殺 128449.doc -42- 200845896 蟲劑、除草劑、殺菌劑、 線触劑、肥料、生長調節劑及 其類似物)、佐劑、油類、濕潤劑及其類似物)。 關於存在於組合物Α與D中之組份之合適及較佳重量 比、施用率及其施用性f, 里 〖土貝,參考上文所述。 然而’與不包含如上 又斤疋義之任何殺蟲劑,亦不包 任何激勃素之相應組合物 物相比,本發明之組合物以明 小之植物毒性為特徵。同時 …員減 J吋具杈真卤活性貫質上不變痞 甚至改良。此外,JL亦且女& *
八方/、有杈蛾活性,以致其適用於處理 植物病原性直菌及;^ ^ … 良σ蟲。因此,本發明亦係關於本發
明之組合物用於控制植物病原性真菌之用途。 X 其尤其適用於控制以下植物病原性真菌: 蔬菜、油|、甜|、果實及水稻上之交鏈孢屬 種,例如馬鈴薯及番茄上之茄交鏈孢菌认 w/am·)或交鏈格孢(儿, 甜菜及4菜上之絲囊黴屬(」如㈣以)物種, •玉米、殺類、水稻及草皮上之平臍蠕孢屬⑷及 内臍蠕孢屬化ra)種,例如玉米上之玉米小斑病 儀[D· maydis), 洋又類上之小麥白粉病囷(价,白粉病 (powdery mildew)), •草莓、蔬菜、花及葡萄藤上之灰黴病菌(如吟沿 czierea ’ 灰黴病(gray mold)), •萵上之萵苣露菌病, •玉米、大豆、水稻及甜菜上之尾孢菌(Cercc^pora)種, 128449.doc -43- 200845896 •玉米、穀類、水稻上之旋孢腔菌(〇οο/ζ/ζ·οΖ>ο/ζ^)種(例如 穀類上之麥類斑點病菌(Coc/z//o6o/w 、水稻上 之水稻旋抱腔菌(Cochliobolus miyabeanus)), •大立及棉花上之炭疽病菌(CoZ/eioir/cwm)種, •穀類、水稻、草皮及玉米上之内臍蠕孢屬種及核腔菌 (尸少rwop/zora)種,例如大麥上之大麥網斑病菌(从化尸以) 或小麥上之小麥黃斑葉枯病(Z>. 沿),
•葡萄藤上之埃斯卡,其歸因於厚孢瓶黴 (Phaeoacremonium chlamydosporium)、Ph· Aleophilum^L Formitipora (合成斑孔木層孔菌(P/zeZ/hw punctatusY), •玉米上之突臍螺孢(Exsero/n’/wm)物種, •葫蘆上之二孢白粉菌(五cic/zoracearwm)及瓜類白 输病畜{Sphaerotheca fuliginea), •各種植物上之鐮菌屬(Fwwrz’wm)及輪黴菌屬 (Verticillium)種,例如穀類上之榖類鐮刀菌(F. 或黃色鐮刀菌(F· cw/morwm)或許多植物(諸 如番茄)上之尖孢鐮刀菌(F· oxyworwm), •穀類上之禾頂囊殼菌(Gaewmanamyces , •穀類及水稻赤黴菌(GAhre//a)種(例如水稻上之藤倉赤 ’数{Gibberella fujikuroV)), •水稻上之錯合物, •玉米及水稻上之長端孢屬(i/e/mMi/zoworkm)種, •穀類上之雪黴葉枯病菌, 128449.doc -44- 200845896 •榖類、香蕉及花生上之球腔菌屬物 種,例如小麥上之穀類根結線蟲(M gram/zr/ca/a)或香蕉 上之香蕉黑條葉斑病菌(M /Wewb), •甘藍菜及球根植物上之霜黴菌(尸印ora)種,諸如甘 藍菜上之芸苔根腫菌(尸.洋蔥上之洋蔥露菌病 (P. destructor) ^ •大豆上之大豆鏽菌(P/zabpwra 及層鏽層假 尾抵菌(Phakopsora meibomiae), •大豆及向日葵上之擬莖點黴(尸種, •馬鈐薯及番%上之馬鈐薯疫菌 infestans) 5 •各種植物上之疫菌屬(P/^Mp/zi/zora)種,諸如辣椒上之 辣椒疫黴菌(P· , •葡萄藤上之葡萄生單軸黴(户v/i/co/a), •蘋果上之白叉絲單囊殼菌(P<9<i6^j9/mera /ewcoir/c/za), •穀類上之卷毛狀假小尾孢(PwWocerco印 herpotrichoides) 5 •各種植物上之假霜黴種,諸如黃瓜 上之黃瓜霜黴病菌(P. 似以)或蛇麻草上之葎草假霜 数(P. humuli), •各種植物上之柄鏽菌種,諸如榖類上之小麥 錄病(P, triticina)、,\、麥條:錄病[P· strifonnins)、欠麥柄} 鏽菌(P. /zor A/)或向日葵柄鏽菌(P. gram Mb)或蘆筍上之 天冬柄鏽菌(户., 128449.doc -45- 200845896 •穀類上之核腔菌種, •水稻上之稻梨孢oryzae)、紋枯病菌 (Corticium sasakii)、ψ 便故抵(Sarociadium oryzae)、带 枝黴屬真菌(& Wien㈣ί誰)、稻葉黑粉菌(心如0漏 oryzae) 5 •草皮及穀類上之稻痕病菌(P^yr/cz^/ar/a grz’sea),
•草皮、水稻、玉米、棉花、油菜、向日葵、甜菜、蔬菜 及其他植物上之腐黴菌屬^/7/7·),例如各種植物 上之棉腐病(Ρ· Μ⑴謂謂)、草皮上之瓜果腐黴(p aphanidermatum), •棉花、水稻、草皮、玉米、油菜、馬鈐薯、甜菜、蔬菜 及其他植物上之絲核菌(及/n’zociom’a)種,例如甜菜及各 種植物上之立枯絲核菌(及.㈣〇, •大麥、黑麥及黑小麥上之黑麥σ彖抱(及以所 secalis) » •油菜及向日葵核盤黴(Sc/erom/a)種, •小麥上之小麥殼針孢ir/i/cz·)及穎枯殼多孢 (Stagonospora nodorum) ! •葡萄藤上之白粉菌,合成鉤絲殼屬 (Uncinula、), •玉米及草皮上之刺球腔菌種, •玉米上之玉米絲黑穗病菌rez7zWa), •大豆及棉花上之根串珠黴屬(TTz/eva/ifop*^)種, •穀類上之腥黑粉菌(77//eik)種, 128449.doc -46- 200845896 •穀類、玉米及甜菜上之g 4八.7 、 木上之黑4囷([/扣/叹〇)種,例如玉米 上之玉米黑粉囷([/,及 •蘋果及梨上之黑星菌⑷種(瘡痂病㈤圳,例如 蘋果上之蘋果黑星菌(κ。 詳言之,本發明之組合物適於控制大豆鏽病(大豆鏽菌 及層鏽層假尾孢菌)。 本發明亦係關於本發明之組合物用於對抗害蟲、詳言之 昆蟲及/或綠蛛類動物之用途。
以下害蟲可藉由本發明之組合物得到有效控制: •鱗翅目(Lepidoptera):例如小地老虎Qgr〇…、 黃地老虎謂)、棉葉波紋葉蛾㈠“心卿 argz7/ac^(2)、黎丑仪蛾、蘋實巢 蛾(drgyreW/na c o nj u g e 11 a)、丫 紋夜蛾 gamma)、松樹尺蠖pzWar/w)、卷葉蛾 (Cacoecia murinana) - ^ ψ {Capua reticulana)、 小冬蛾(Cheimatobia brumata)、 雲杉卷葉蛾 {Choristoneura fumiferana)、 西 方雲杉 虫牙蟲 {Choristoneura occidentalism 、美 i州霉占蟲(Cirphis unipuncta)、蘋果蠹蛾(C;;山·α 、歐洲松毛蟲 (Dendrolimus pini)、)^ff 環(Diaphania nitidalis)、I 座 玉米填(D/airaea grandiosella)、埃及金剛鑽(五ar/如 insulana)、4、玉米鎮(Elasmopalpus lignoselhis)、葡萄 疼織{Eupoecilia 、歐洲粉枝蛾(五veir/α 似)、粒膚地老虎sMie"彻ea)、大堪鎮 128449.doc -47- 200845896
{Galleria mellonella)、李小食心基[Grapholitha funebrana)、梨小食心备(Grapholitha molesta)、梅鈐義 (Heliothis armigera) 美洲煙葉蛾 virescens)、美洲構铃氣{Heliothis zea)、菜缉(Hellula undalis)、尺揭楚冬竣(Hibernia defoliaria)、美 M 白蛾 (Hyphantria cunea)、療象 I 織(Hyponomeuta malinelluis、、 番茄蠹蛾/少、鐵杉尺虫蔓山 /ϊκβ//αΓ/α)、甜菜夜蛾ex/gwa)、咖啡潛葉蛾 {Leucoptera coffeella)、故反潛嗓味{Leucoptera scitella)、 斑點潛葉蛾(Z^i/zoea//W以、葡萄漿果小卷 蛾(Lobesia botrana)、衰綠條環(Loxostege sticticalis)、 舞毒蛾(Ay所dispar) ^ 僧尼毒蛾 mo似ck)、窄翅潛葉(〇(9似ί/α c/erk//a)、天幕毛蟲 (Malacosoma neustria) 、甘 藍夜蛾{Mamestra 、花旗松毒蛾((9rgj;/a 、歐洲玉 朱塔 QOstrinia nubilalis)、冬氣蛾(Panolis flammea)、江 龄蟲(Peci//76);7/2(9ra、雜色地老虎(PerMwma wwc/α)、圓掌舟蛾(P/m/era Z>wcep/m/a)、馬鈴薯塊莖蛾 (Phthorimaea 、橘細潛蛾 <:ζ·ί"β//β)、大菜粉蝶(P/er/s 、苜蓿綠夜蛾 (Plathypena scabra)、小菜蛾(Plutella xylostella)、大立 夜蛾Mc/wtiens)、松梢卷葉蛾(及 frustrana)、馬铃集清葉氣(Scrobipalpula absolute^、麥 蛾(57ioiroga cerea/e//a)、葡萄長鬚卷葉蛾 128449.doc • 48 - 200845896 、南部灰翅夜蛾er/dflnk)、草地 駐备(Spodoptera frugiperda)、灰翅夜蛾 littoralis) ^ ^ {Spodoptera ra)、松異帶蛾
(Thaumatopoea pityocampa)、櫟綠卷葉蛾(7brirz·% viridana)、粉紋夜蛾(7Wc/zop/z^/a /?z·)及雲杉小卷葉蛾 (Zeiraphera canadensis) J
•勒翅目(Coleoptera,甲蟲類),例如梨長吉丁(dgri/ws sz·關、具條叩甲(dgrz’oies /ζ·加、黯金針蟲 (Agriotes obscurus)、馬龄集無金氣{Amphimallus 、迪斯帕小蠹、棉龄象甲 (Anthonomus grand is) ^ 蘋果花象曱 pomorwm)、矮小甜菜甲蟲、大松小 蠢{Blastophagus piniperda)、天幕枯葉蛾 undata)、翼瓦象[Bruchus rufimanus)、巍 l 象[Bruchus pbori/m)、扁豆象/⑼沿)、蘋果卷葉象曱 、甜菜大龜甲(Cau/da 、豆 葉 甲 [Cerotoma trifurcata)、 甘藍莢象甲 (Ceuthorrhynchus assimilis)、奈皮象,(Ceuthorrhynchus 而/?/)、甜菜莖跳曱(C/zaetocnema "·ό/α/ζ))、煙草金針蟲 (Conoderus vespertinus)、天冬 負泥曱{Crioceris 、長角葉曱(Z)z’aZ?roi/ca /(9/7gz’c?orm、)、十二星 瓜葉曱(Diabrotica 12-punctata)、 玉米根葉曱 (Diabrotica virgifera) ^ 墨西哥豆瓢轰(JEpilachna varivestis)、煙草跳曱(jBpiiHx hirtipennis)、棉環 128449.doc -49- 200845896
{Eutinobothrus brasiliensis)、耠樹象 ψ (ffyiobius abietis)、埃反苢靖象 ψ (Hypera brunneipennis)、苢蓿葉 象曱(Hypera postica)、雲杉八齒小蠹(Ips typographus)、昊條負泥螽(Lema bilineata)、黑肖負泥 备(Lema melanopus)、馬鈐薯 f 螽(Leptinotarsa decemlineata)、辨菜金妨義(Limonius californicus)、稻 象甲(Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus)、玉米金針蟲 {Melanotus communis)、油菜露尾甲 aeneus)、忽布艇龟金篆[Melolontha hippocastanV)、西 方丘Η紙金氧(Melolontha melolontha)、福負泥备 oryzae)、槽象甲sw/cai似)、草 莓根象甲ovaiw)、芥末甲蟲 cochleariae)、治茱轰跳"f (PhyHotreta chrysocephala)、 金 l + 亀{Phyllophaga sp〇、良豫 I 金 l {Phyllopertha /zori/co/a)、蒸菁淡足跳曱(尸、黃曲 條跳甲βίΓΪο/αία)、日本麗金龜(Ρο;?ζ7/ζ’β 、婉豆葉象曱㈣ lineatus)反数象 {Sitophilus granaria), •雙翅目(Diptera),例如埃及伊蚊aegj/piz·)、剌擾 伊蚊(dWes vexa似)、墨西哥橘實繩 ludens)、五^ 斑按蚊(Anopheies maculipennis)、地中海實 繩{Ceratitis capitata)、蛆症金繩 bezziana)、^ ^ (Chrysomya hominivorax) ^ ^ ^ ^ {Chrysomya macellaria)、 高樑’廢蚊(Contarinia 128449.doc -50- 200845896 sorghicola)、Μ 氣規(Cordylobia anthropophaga)、帶 淡色庫蚊(Cw/ex 、瓜實绳、
油橄棍實繩〇〇以似〇/⑽e)、芸苔莢癭蚊(/)似/似wra 卜α以z’cae)、黃腹廄繩(Fa腳M c㈣/cw/ar/s)、大馬胃繩 {Gasterophilus intestinalis)、 刺 舌 蝶(Glossina 、騷擾角繩/rrda似)、馬鞍形糠 故[Haplodiplosis equestris)、後 i%[Hylemyia platura)、 紋皮蠅(打少;川、美洲斑潛繩(LzWomyza saihae)、非洲菊斑潛繩ir(/b/z·/)、山羊綠 4¾ caprz·;^)、銅綠繩ci/pr/πα)、絲光綠绳 (Lucilia sericata)、黑胸章蚊(Lycoria pectoralis)、累、森 麥桿繩(Mayetiola destructor)、家繩(Musca 、廄腐蠅(MwscMa 、羊鼻绳 ov/s)、瑞典麥稈 4¾ /Wi)、甜菜潛葉 繩(Pegom 少 a /zj^ocyamz·)、古草種绳(Ρ/ζοΜ/α 、 甘藍草種繩(Ρ/ζοτέ/α Z^raM/cae)、窄草種繩(P/z〇r6/a 、櫻桃實蠅cerasz·)、蘋果實繩 (Rhagoletis pomonella)、牛 it (TlaZmnws feoW/n^)、甘藍 大蚊[Tipula oleracea)反歡辦尺故{Tipula paludoscf), •缕翅目(Thysanoptera,薊馬類),例如蘭花薊馬屬 (Dichromothrips spp·)、煙萆場萷馬(Frankliniella /w*sxa)、苜蓿薊馬(Fr⑽HzWe/M occMwia/b)、花莉馬 [Frankliniella tritici)、编實鐵馬(Scirtothrips citrf)、賴 薊馬(TTzrz·;^ 〇r;;Z(^)、南黃薊馬(77^>s ρα/mi)及煙薊馬 128449.doc -51 · 200845896 {Thrips tabaci) ^ •膜翅目(Hymenoptera),例如新疆菜葉蜂 rosae)、切葉蟻eep/m/oies)、南美切葉蟻 •yexdew)、德州切葉蟻(Ζίία ίβχαπα)、小長角葉蜂 (/i<9/7/oeam/7a 、歐洲蘋果長角葉蜂(//o/?/ocam/7a testudinea)、Μ % {Monomorium pharaonis) ^ ^ ψ ^ % {Solenopsis geminata)反冬工火織[Solenopsis invicta),
•異翅目(Heteroptera) ’ 例如喜綠蝽(yicrwier㈣m hilare)、多毛長蜂(Blissus leucopterus)、煙草黑微盲锋 (Cyrtopeltis notatus) ' (Dysdercus cingulatus) ^ 中間椿象(AyWercws 山·μ)、麥爲盾蝽 integriceps) ^ ^ # i# (Euschistus impictiventris)、葉足 緣锋(Leptoglossus phyllopus)、故草言缚(Lygus 、牧草盲培(i〇;gz^ pra/e似b)、稻綠培(iVezara WrzWa)、甜菜撿網蜂g⑽draia)、紫臭蜡 (Solubea insularis)反锋象[Thyanta perditor), •同翅目(Homoptera,尤其虫牙蟲類(aphids)),例如驢豆虫牙 、落葉松球財 laricis)、立瓣场[Aphidula nasturtii)、立场(Aphis cracc/vora)、蠶豆坊 «ρ/π) /ake)、佛氏財 «ρ/ni /brZ?e以·)、蘋果虫牙 «ρ/ni j^rnz·)、棉虫牙、 醋栗虫牙(Aphis grossulariae) 施氏虫牙{Aphis sc/meMeri)、繡線菊虫牙(式spz’raeco/a)、山茨虫牙 «ρ/ni samkcz·)、婉豆虫牙(乂CFi/zo以>/ζαπ p/wm)、馬鈴薯長鬚虫牙 128449.doc -52 - 200845896 {Aulacorthum w/am·)、煙粉風、銀葉粉 風argwi(/b/z7)、薊短尾财 caWwi)、圓尾虫牙/^//c/zr>^·)、桃黑短尾虫牙 {Brachycaudus persicae) 、 梅虫牙 {Brachycaudus prunicola) Λ # M. if {Brevicoryne feraw/cae)、角釘毛虫牙 {Capitophorus horni)、方翅網蝽(Cerohp/za 、
草莓毛管财/rag邮/b/z7)、茶蘼隱瘤額坊 (Cryptomyzus ribis)、諾曼尼椎球蚜(Drej/wha nordmannianae)、雲杉椎球财、根瘤 蚜(Dysaphis radicola)、綠薯蚜(Dysaulacorthum pseudosolani)、療粉 k 劣场(Dysaphis plantaginea)、梨 蚜(DyMp/ni pyri)、蠶豆微葉蟬(五mpo似ca/MM)、梅大 l 蚜(Hyalopterus prunV)、茶羸苦 l 场[Hyperomyzus lactucae)、麥長管虫牙averiae) ^ 大戟長管 场(Macrosiphum euphorbiae)、薔藏 l 管蚜(Macrosiphon wae)、蠶豆修尾蚜(Megoz/ra Wc/ae)、梨蚜(A/W⑽a/7/zz\y pyrarius)、薔薇麥蚜[Metopoiophium dirhodum)、桃场 、冬蔥蚜(Myz似如ca/⑽化似)、櫻桃 黑瘤額蚜(Mj/z似cerwz·)、變異蚜vaW㈣^)、蒿苣 蚜[Nasonovia ribis-nigri)、褐稻虱(Nilaparvata /wge似)、囊柄癭綿蚜hrar/似)、蔗飛虱 (Perkinsiella saccharicida)、蛇麻夜額蚜 Phorodon humuli)、辕表鼠(Psylla mali)、梨表鼠(pSyl!a piri)、冬 蔥縊瘤虫牙(i?/2(9/?aMm;;2:z^ ascalonicus)、玉米 Μ 管虫牙 128449.doc -53- 200845896 (Rhopalosiphum maidis)、数類絡管场(Rhopalosiphum padi)、蘋果草溢管虫牙(及ζ·似eriwm)、馬拉圓 尾虫牙ma/a)、馬利圓尾虫牙ma/z·)、 麥二叉虫牙(5^/π·ζαρ/π·5 graw/⑽m)、裂鞘葉虫牙 lanuginosa) χ Φ- ^ {Sitobion avenae) ^ 溫室白粉虱 {Trialeurodes vapor ariorum)、大 枯 虫牙(Toxoptera aurantiiand)反葡萄板瘤场[Viteus vitifolii),
•等翅目(Isoptera,白蠘類),例如黃頸白蟻(Ca/oiermes //αν/οο//ζ))、黃足白蟻(Lewcoiermes //aWpes)、南歐網紋 白% [Reticulitermes lucifugus) ^ 3¾^ ϋ ^ % {Termes natalensis) ? •直翅目(Orthoptera),例如家蠛蟀(jc/zeia domewica)、東 方豐磉(Blatta orientalis)、德國小綠(Blattella germanica)、it. (Forficula auricularia)、區欠洲縷 虫古 {Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa) 飛虫皇 (Locusta m/graior/a)、雙帶蚱猛(A/Wa/70/7/似 、紅腿虫皇 (Melanoplus femur-rubrum)、基西哥 _ 设[Melanoplus mexicanus)、遷徒 _ 法{Melanoplus sanguinipes)、落職 山蚱猛(Me/anop/ws wreiws)、紅翅虫皇 septemfasciata)、矣琳:K 療[Periplaneta americana)、美 洲虫乍猛、 棕尾蚱猛 (Schistocerca peregrina)、摩洛哥蟲{Stauronotus maroccanus)SL m. % ^ ^ (Tachycines asynamorus) ? •彈尾目(Collembola,跳蟲類(springtails)),例如棘跳屬 12B449.doc -54- 200845896 {Onychiurus ssp.) j 及
•虫知蛛類動物(换蛛綱(Arachnoidea)),諸如蜗類(蜱蜗目 (Acarina)),例如軟蜱科(^47(^/3似)、蜱科(/:\:〇(^而6)及 療蜗科(SarapizWae)家族,諸如美洲花蜱 americanum)、# jb if (Amblyomma vari’egatum)、波斯 隱喙蜱persicus)、 具環方頭缉(Boophilus 、無紋牛蜱、微小牛 碑(JBoophilus mz’crap/似)、森林革蜱(Dermacenior szVvarwm)、長蝝璃眼碑、羊硬蜱 (Ixodes ricinus)、红硬缉[Ixodes rubicundus)、兔缉 (Ornithodorus moubata)、异後兔碑{Otobius megnini)、 雞皮刺瞒似 gallinae)、羊癢瞒 ovis)、美 t 島琢辑(Rhipicephalus appendiculatus)、 腿鳥頭缉(Rhipicephalus evertsi)、# {Sarcoptes *sxa6fez·)及諸如蘋刺趨蜗•sc/z/ec/iiwc/a/z·)、橘鑪瞒 {Phyllocoptrata o/e/vora)及柑插癭蜗 之癭蜗屬wp·);諸如仙客來蜗 (Phytonemus pallidus)及 多食附 線 蜗 {Polyphagotarsonemus latus)之跗象編屬(Tarsonemidae 印p·);諸如紫偽葉滿(价eWpa/pw ;7hoen/c^)之細鬚虫茜屬 (Tenuipalpidae 叹/?·);諸如朱砂葉蜗(7Wra^yc/zz^ cinnabarinus) ^ ^ ^ {Tetranychus kanzawai)、 太平洋紅葉蜗(7Wr㈣yc/zz^ pacz/Zcws)、棉紅葉蜗 (Tetranychus telarius)反梅葉端(Tetranychus urticae)、镇 128449.doc -55- 200845896 果紅蜘蛛、橘全爪蟎(尸⑽⑽打办⑽ dir/)及卓地小瓜蜗之葉蜗屬 [Tetranychidae spp、)。 本發明之組合物亦可成功用以控制線蟲類。 【實施方式】 現將藉由以下非限制性實例來說明本發明。 實例: 1 ·大豆出土行為 研究種子已用環菌唑或用環菌唑與氟蟲腈之組合處理之 大豆的出土行為。為達到此目的,將”conqilista"品種之種 子藉助於HEGE11種子處理裝置用環菌唑(用作2〇〇 g/i濃度 之FS调配物;每1〇〇 kg種子25 g或5 0 g活性物質)處理或用 上述調配物及其量之環菌唑處理且隨後立即用氟蟲腈(用 作250 g/Ι濃度之FS調配物;每1〇〇 kg種子50 g活性物質)處 理。使種子恰好於同一天播種。七天之後,檢驗已產生植 物之種子的數目。結果顯示於下表中。值1〇〇%意謂所有 播種之種子均已產生植物。 表1 : 處理 出土 [%] 〜 - 97 ^— 環菌唑[每100 kg種子25 ga.s.] 77 ^ 環菌唑[每100 kg種子50 ga.s,] 65 ^ 環菌唑[每100 kg種子25 g a.s·] +氟蟲腈[每1〇〇 kg 種子50 g a.s.] 84 環菌唑[每100 kg種子5〇 g a.s.] +氟蟲腈[每100 kg 種子50 g a.s.] 77 —-— a.s·=活性物質 128449.doc -56- 200845896 2.播種之後14天植物之生命力 將”Co叫uista”品種之種子如上所述用環菌嗤(每〗〇〇 “種 子50轉性物質)單獨處理或用環菌唾與氣蟲猜(氣蟲猜· 每1〇〇 kg種子50 g活性物質)之組合處理或用環菌唾以及說 蟲腈及激勃酸(激勃酸用作水與丙酮之混合物中的9〇%活性 物質濃縮物;每100 kg種子1 g活性物質)且隨後播種。播 種之後I4天,視覺上檢驗植物之生命力。結果顯示於下表 中。藉由視覺比較未處理種子之植物與已處理種子之植物 來判定生命力。所用之準則為上述準貝Ua)至(q),主要為 植物韌性、葉片之著色強度、葉片之大小(葉片面積)、植 物之大小、植物密度、莖之長度、植物之任何壞死及總體 外觀且使用0至1 〇之標度來評定。給出未處理種子之植物 的值為5。植物之平均總體外觀與未處理種子之植物相比 改良20%意謂值為6,改良4〇%意謂值為7及其類似情況, 而與未處理種子之植物相比退化2〇%意謂值為4,退化40% 意謂值為3,及其類似情況。 表2 : 處理 生命力 - 5 %菌嗤[每100 kg種子50 g a.sj 2 %菌唾[每100 kg種子5〇 g a.s·] +氟蟲腈[每100 kg 4 種子 50 ga.s.] %圍唾[每100 kg種子50 g a.s·] +乳蟲腈[每1〇〇 kg 種子50 g a.s.] +激勃酸『每1〇〇 kg種子1 g a.s.] 5 a.s.=活性物質 3·播種之後14天線性林分 128449.doc -57- 200845896 線性林分表示每公尺植物之數 文目且為對出土之後一段主 間倖存之植物的數目之量测。^ ^ _ 如貫例1處理’’Conquista”品 種之種子。播種之後14天,外赵> ^ 斤歎母公尺之植物數目且取平 均值。結果顯示於下表中。 表3 : ___ 處理 ^ -----^ 冢«唑[每100kg種子25 -— —___線性林分〖株/m~|_ —nr ~~ 環菌唑[母100 kg種子50 g a.sl " ' 15 % 囷唾[每 100 kg種子25 g a.s.] 種子 50 g a.sj 環菌唾[母100 kg種子50 g a.s.l +氟蟲赔 13 17
4 ·抵抗大豆銹病之殺真菌活性 以下實驗證明使用L坐以及氟蟲腈或氟蟲腈及激勃酸 亚不導致實質上之退化且在某些情況下甚至改良環菌唑之 殺真菌活性。如實例2處理,,Conquista”品種之種子。在植 物出土之後,在各情況下均以7天時間間隔將其用大豆鏽 菌之孢子(每ml 5x10s個孢子)接種4次。播種之後21及35 天’視覺上評定感染程度。患病葉片面積百分比之視覺測 定值顯示於下表中。 类4 :播種之後2 1天植物底部之感染程度 處理 感染[%] - 8.5 環菌°坐[每100 kg種子50 g a.s.] 0 環菌峻[每100 kg種子50 g a.s·] +1蟲腈[每100 kg 種子50 g a.s.] 0 環菌唑[每100 kg種子50 g a.s.] +氟蟲腈[每100 kg 種子50 g a.s.] +激勃酸[每1〇〇 kg種子1 g a,s,l 0.1 a.s.=活性物質 128449.doc -58- 200845896 表5 :播種之後35天植物底部之感染程度 處理 «[%] ^ - 70 ^ 環菌唑[每100 kg種子5〇 g a.s·] 47 環菌唑[每100 kg種子50 g a.s.] +氟蟲腈[每100 kg 種子50 g a.s.] 43 環菌唑[每100 kg種子50 g a.s·] +氟蟲腈[每100 kg 種子50 g a.s·] +激勃酸[每100 kg種子1 g a.s·] -----_ 43 a.s·=活性物質 -—---J 表6 :播種之後35天植物中間部分之葉片的感染程度 處理 感染[%] ' 讎 10.5 ~ 環菌唑[每100 kg種子50 g a.s.] 9 ' 環菌唑[每100 kg種子50 g a.s.] + 氟蟲腈[每100 kg種子50 g a.s.] ' Ο-—— 環菌唾[每100 kg種子50 g a.s·] +氟蟲腈[每100 kg 種子50 g a.s·] +激勃酸[每100 kg種子1 g a.s.] ------ 7 a.s.=活性物質 5 ·小麥之出土行為 研究種子已用環菌唑及撲克拉處理或用環菌唑、撲克拉 及氟蟲腈之組合處理之小麥的出土行為。為達到此目的, 將小麥種子藉助於HEGE11種子處理裝置用環菌唑(每1〇〇 kg種子5 g活性物質)及撲克拉(每100 kg種子12 g活性物質) 處理或用以上所述量之環菌。坐及撲克拉處理且隨後立即用 氟蟲腈(每100 kg種子50 g活性物質)處理。使種子恰好於 同一天播種。71天之後,檢驗已產生植物之種子的數目。 結果顯示於下表中。值100%意謂所有播種之種子均已產 生植物。 128449.doc -59- 200845896 表7 : 處理 出土 [%] - 84 環菌唑[每100 kg種子5 ga.s.]+撲克拉[每100 kg 種子 12ga.s.] 31 環菌唑[每100 kg種子5 g a.s·] +撲克拉[每100 kg 種子12 g a.s.] +氟蟲腈[每100 kg種子50 g a.s.] 55 a.s·=活性物質
128449.doc -60-
Claims (1)
- 200845896 十、申請專利範圍: 1 · 一種殺蟲劑之用途,該等殺蟲劑係選自GABA拮抗劑及 菸鹼受體促效劑/拮抗劑,及適當時,與至少一種激勃素 組合’其係用作對接受殺真菌劑處理之植物、接受殺真 菌劑處理之種子或接受殺真菌劑處理之生長基質中的植 物具有植物毒性效應之殺真菌劑之安全劑。 2·如請求項1之用途,其中該等GABA拮抗劑係選自乙醯蟲 腈(acetoprole)、安殺番(endosulfan)、乙蟲清 (ethiprole)、氟蟲腈(fipronil)、範裏普(vaniiipr〇ie)、口比 氟普羅(pyrafluprole)、响普羅(Pyripr〇ie)及式Γι之苯基吼 嗤化合物:3·如請求項2之用途,其中該GabA拮抗劑為氟蟲腈。 4.如前述請求項中任一項之用途,其中該等菸鹼受體促效 劑/拮抗劑係選自咬蟲脒(acetamiprid)、可尼丁 (clothianidin) 、 π夫蟲胺(din〇tefuran)、益達胺 (imidacloprid)、烯咬蟲胺(nitenpyram)、嗟蟲琳 (thiacloprid)及嗟蟲唤(thiamethoxam)。 5·如請求項4之用途·,其中該等菸鹼受體促效劑/拮抗劑係 128449.doc 200845896 選自啶蟲脒、可尼丁、益達胺及噻蟲嗪。 6·如前述請求項中任一項之用途,其中該等激勃素係選自 激勃素A】、激勃素A;、激勃素a4及激勃素八7。 7.如請求項6之用途,其中該激勃素為激勃素a” 8·如前述請求項中任一項之用途,其中該等殺真菌劑係選 自唑類殺真菌劑。 9·如請求項8之用途,其中該等唑類殺真菌劑係選自苯醚 曱裒坐(difenoconazole)、氟環嗤(ep〇xic〇naz〇le)、氟喹 唑(nuquinconazole)、護汰芬(flutriaf〇l)、依滅列 (imazam)、葉菌唑(metconaz〇le)、撲克拉(pr〇chi〇raz)、 普克利(prOPiconaz〇le)、丙硫醇克唑(pr〇thi〇c〇naz〇ie)、 得克利(tebuconazole)、三泰隆(triadimen〇1)及環菌唑 (triticonazole) 〇 10·如咕求項9之用途’其中該等唑類殺真菌劑係選自氟環 嗤、氟喹唑、撲克拉及環菌唑。 H·如請求項H)之用途,其中該等麵殺真菌劑係選自撲克 拉及環菌σ坐。 12.如請求項"之用途’其中該唾類殺真菌劑為環菌唾。.如請求項⑴中任一項之用途,其中該等殺真菌劑d 自嗜毯果傘素類殺真菌劑。 14.如請求項13之用途,:i中該辇邊料、 1 ,、甲3寺嗜毬果傘素類殺真菌劑係 =,托敏(az〇xystrobin)、醚菌胺(dim〇xystr〇Mn)及奥 瑞菌胺(orysastrobin)。 、 其係用以改良已經或正 15·如前述請求項中任一項之用途 128449.doc 200845896 凊求項1或8至14令任-項所定義之殺真菌劑處理 的植物,或其種子或生長基質已經或正在用如請求: 或8至U中任一項所定義之殺真菌劑處理的植物之發芽 及/或出土及/或生命力。 16·如請求項15之用途’其係用以改良種子已用如請求項1 或8至14中任一項所定義之殺真菌劑處理的植物之發 及/或出土及/或生命力。17· -種用於降低或防止如請求項至14中任—項所定義 之殺真菌劑對於已經或正在用該等殺真菌劑處理的植物 或其種子或生長基質已經或正在用該等殺真菌劑處理的 植物之植物毒性效應之方法,其中該植物及/或其種子及 /或其生長基質係採用至少一種如請求項i或8至Μ中任一 項所定義之殺真菌劑與至少一種如求項Μ中任一項 所定義之殺蟲劑及適當時,與至少一種如請求項丨、6或 7中任一項所定義之激勃素組合處理。 18.如請求項17之方法,其係用以降低或防止如請求項丨或8 至14中任一項所定義之殺真菌劑對於其種子已用該等殺 真菌劑處理的植物之植物毒性效應,其中該等植物之種 子係採用至少一種如請求項丨或8至14中任一項所定義之 殺真菌劑與至少一種如請求項丨至5中任一項所定義之殺 **劑及適當時’與至少一種如請求項1、6或7中任一項 所定義之激勃素組合處理。 19.如請求項17或18之方法,其係用以改良植物之發芽及/或 出土及/或生命力。 128449.doc 200845896 20·如前述請求項中任一項之用途或方法, ^ 其中垓等植物係 選自大丑、玉米、小麥、黑小麥、裸麥、燕麥、大麥、 油菜、粟/高粱、稻、向曰葵、棉花、甜菜、核果γ仁 果、柑桔類水果、香蕉、草莓、藍莓、杏仁、葡萄“ 果、木瓜、花生、馬鈴薯、番祐、辣椒、黃瓜、南: (pumpkin/squash)、甜瓜、西瓜、大蒜、洋蔥、胡蘿菌、 甘藍菜、豆、豌豆及飼用豌豆、小扁豆、紫花苜蓿、苜 f、亞麻、象草、草、萬苣、甘薦、茶葉、煙草及咖 啡0 21·如請求項20之用途或方法’其中該等植物係選自大豆、 油菜、玉米及小麥。 22·如請求項21之用途或方法,其中該等植物係選自大豆及 小麥0 23.如凊求項22之用途或方法,其中該等植物為轉殖基因或 非轉殖基因大豆。24· —種組合物,其包含至少一種gaba拮抗劑、至少一種 唑類殺真菌劑及適當時至少一種激勃素。 25·種組合物,其包含至少一種GABA拮抗劑、至少一種 唑類殺真菌劑及至少一種激勃素。 26·種組合物,其包含至少一種GABA拮抗劑、至少一種 嗜毯果伞素類殺真菌劑及適當時至少一種激勃素。 11 ’種組合物,其包含至少一種GABA拮抗劑、至少一種 嗜毯果傘素類殺真菌劑及至少一種激勃素。 種組合物’其包含至少一種菸鹼受體促效劑/拮抗劑、 128449.doc 200845896 至乂 種唾類殺真菌劑及適當時至少一種激勃素。 29· —種組合物,其包含至少一種菸鹼受體促效劑/拮抗劑、 至少種°坐類殺真菌劑及至少一種激勃素。 3〇·種、、且。物,其包含至少一種菸鹼受體促效劑/拮抗劑、 )種9魏果傘素類殺真菌劑及適當時至少一種激勃 素。 31·種組合物,其包含至少一種菸鹼受體促效劑/拮抗劑、 至少一種嗜毬果傘素類殺真菌劑及至少一種激勃素。 32.如請求項24、25、28及29中任一項之組合物,其中該至 ^種唑類殺真菌劑係選自苯醚甲環唑、氟環唑、氟喹 唾、護汰芬、依滅列、葉菌唑、撲克拉、普克利、丙硫 醇克上、4于克利、三泰隆及環菌σ坐。 33·如請求項32之組合物,其中該至少一種唑類殺真菌劑係 選自氟環唑、氟喹唑、撲克拉及環菌唑。 34·如請求項28至31中任一項之組合物,其中該至少一種菸 鹼受體促效劑/拮抗劑係選自啶蟲脒、可尼丁、呋蟲胺、 益達胺、烯啶蟲胺、噻蟲啉及噻蟲嗪。 128449.doc 200845896 七、指定代表圖: (一) 本案指定代表圖為:(無) (二) 本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明: 八、本案若有化學式時,請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式: (無)128449.doc
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- 2008-02-05 CN CN2013100596621A patent/CN103155949A/zh active Pending
- 2008-02-05 US US12/524,614 patent/US20100120879A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-02-05 EP EP13183133.1A patent/EP2679094A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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- 2008-02-05 BR BR122019020347-4A patent/BR122019020347B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2008-02-05 US US12/525,321 patent/US20100029698A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-02-05 EP EP08708676A patent/EP2109366A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-02-05 EP EP13183213.1A patent/EP2679096A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-02-05 CN CNA2008800042736A patent/CN101605461A/zh active Pending
- 2008-02-05 EA EA200901040A patent/EA200901040A1/ru unknown
- 2008-02-05 KR KR1020097018605A patent/KR20090108734A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2008-02-05 WO PCT/EP2008/051393 patent/WO2008095924A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2008-02-05 CL CL2008000357A patent/CL2008000357A1/es unknown
- 2008-02-05 BR BR122019020360-1A patent/BR122019020360B1/pt active IP Right Grant
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- 2008-02-05 AR ARP080100496A patent/AR065197A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
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- 2008-02-05 AU AU2008212893A patent/AU2008212893A1/en not_active Abandoned
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- 2008-02-05 EP EP08708693A patent/EP2131652A2/de not_active Withdrawn
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- 2008-02-05 BR BRPI0807021-0A patent/BRPI0807021B1/pt active IP Right Grant
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