200820215 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關於一種中、小提琴之肩墊，其主要係利 用墊體上之音響反射區係為貫穿孔型態、或選擇置入有天 然海棉塊’或置入頂面具有金箔之天然海棉塊，以供適合 於獨奏、室内樂演奏或協奏區之演奏時，可呈現出中、小 提琴最佳之音質及音色。 【先前技術】 按，目前一般所常見可供中、小提琴所使用之肩墊構 造，請參考中華民國新型公告第M250274號「提琴之肩墊 結構」專利案，如第十圖所示，其主要係設有具弧曲面之 肩墊（A)，以供可置放於演奏者之肩膀上，該肩墊二端 分別設有調整片（A1)，雖然可以利用調整片（A1)進行角度 >之調整，但由於該肩墊（A)係為堅硬之材質所製成，重 黉較重，因此柔軟性不佳，又因置放肩膀上其角度受限， 演奏時之音質反應不佳，琴身係二端固定於調整片（Al) >，其用力拾住琴身時壓力較大而導致共鳴音悶弱，而感 廣:不到共鳴，並且在調整角度上容易偏斜，而且肩墊（A) 與中、小提琴接觸時，容易因磨擦造成琴漆脫落而影響音 質。 曰 又另有一種常見之氣囊式之肩墊（C)構造，如第十一 _所示，係於該肩墊（C)上設有二彈性帶（C1)以束緊琴身 ，(B) ’該肩墊（C)之柔軟度較佳，但由於與琴身（B)之接觸 200820215 面積過大，同樣對於演奏時之音質有著相當程度上之影 響，因此上述習知之肩墊（c)構造，於使用上均不甚理想。 【發明内容】 爰此，習知中、小提琴所使用之肩墊，其硬度過大， 不易調整角度，而且容易因接觸面積過大而造成琴漆掉 落，破壞共鳴、振甫，並且影響演奏時之音質及音色，故 使用性不佳。 本發明主要係在提供一種中、小提琴之肩墊，其在於 設有軟質泡棉所製成呈三角形之墊體，該墊體上設有音響 反射區，該音響反射區係為貫穿孔所形成，又於該墊體上 分別固定有矽膠材質所製成之腳柱，該等腳柱係呈三角形 相對排列’另設有彈性帶貫穿墊體凸伸而出。 上述該音響反射區内係設入有天然海棉塊。 上述該該天然海棉塊之頂面上設有一層金箔。 上述該該等腳柱係設呈圓球形。 本發明具有下列功效： 1·本發明之構造係與琴身呈三點接觸，可減少墊體與 琴身的接觸面積，不會破壞琴漆接觸點而影響音質。 2·本發明之構造係設呈三角形，可抵靠於肩窩處，完 全合乎人體工學’以減少與演奏者肩部非必要未接觸的多 餘面積。 “ 本發明當演奏者在演奏樂器時，可隨意的調整琴身 的平衡角度’在演奏時可發揮低音弦或高音弦的對比音色。 200820215 4·本發明之墊體係為輕質之泡棉所製成，故重量輕， 夾琴時的軟硬度適中，不會造成演奏者之任何負擔。 5·本發明為非傳統式的二端夾緊琴身式之肩墊接觸， 故可以使琴身有更多的泛音及共鳴音質。 6·本發明之墊體可具有大、中、小之不同尺寸，以供 使用方便’操作容易，適合不同年齡之演奏者使用。 7·本發明之音響反射區係可選擇為實穿孔之形態，或 選擇置入有天然海棉塊，或置入頂面具有金箔之天然海棉 塊’以供適合於獨奏、室内樂演奏或協奏區之演奏時，而 產生不同之音色。 【實施方式】 首先，請參閱第一圖及第二圖所示，本發明第一實施 例’主要係設有一呈三角形之墊體（丨），該墊體（1)係為軟 質泡棉所製成，其中心處設有一貫穿孔形成之音響反射區 (11)，又於該墊體（1)之周緣分別固定有矽膠材質所製成之 圓球形腳柱（12)，該三個腳柱（丨2)係呈三角形相對排列， 而為三點支撐之樣態，另設有一彈性帶（丨3)係貫穿於墊體 (1)之音響反射區（11)，而於墊體（1)二端凸伸而出。 使用時，如第三圖所示，其係將墊（1)上之彈性帶（13) 繫結固定於琴身（Β)及琴尾（Β1)上，再將該墊體（1)靠抵於 演奏者之肩窩（D)處〔如第四圖所示〕，利用墊體（丨）呈外三 點接觸，與呈三角形之肩窩（D)靠抵，正好可完全合乎人體 工學，使琴身（Β)得以緊抵於墊體（1)之三個腳柱（12)上， 200820215 受到腳柱（12)呈内三點支撐，而可形成點接觸，以縮小墊 體（1)與琴身（B)之接觸面積’不會破壞琴漆接觸點，而不 致影響原有音質’又藉由該等腳柱（12)可以輕易調整墊體 (1)之角度以及達到平衡狀態’又由於琴身（B)係與墊體（1) 上之音響反射區（11)相對，可利用該音響反射區（11)呈貫 穿孔之形態，尤適合於獨奏或雙重奏，可使音色共嗔適中， 而不致過於高昂或低沈。 本發明之墊體（1)於琴身（B)上之位置，係可供配合不 同年齡者肩窩不同之寬度而作調整，如第五圖所示，係可 當墊體（1)上之彈性帶（13)繫結固定於琴身（B)及琴尾（B1) 上後，利用彈性帶（13)係貫穿於墊體（1)之間，而可於該彈 性帶（13)被固定後，任意移動墊體（丨），使墊體得以配 合靠抵於演奏者之肩窩處，以達到最佳之演奏音色呈現。 本發明第二實施例，如第六圖所示，主要係包括有： 塾體（1)及天然海棉塊（2)，其中： 墊體（1)，主要係設呈三角形，並為軟質泡棉所製成， 其中心處係設有一貫穿孔形成之音響反射區（11)，又於該 塾體（1)之周緣分別固定有矽膠材質所製成之圓球形腳柱 (12) ’該三個腳柱（12)係呈三角形相對排列，而為三點支 樓之樣態’另設有一彈性帶（13)係貫穿於墊體（1)之音響反 射區（11) ’而於墊體（1)二端凸伸而出。 天然海棉塊（2)，其係設入於墊體（1)之立響反射區（11) 200820215 使用時，如第七圖所示，其係先將該天然海棉塊（2)置 入於墊體（1)之音響反射區（11)内，然後再將墊體（1)上之 彈性帶（13)繫結固定於琴身（B)及琴尾（B1)上，再將該墊體 (1)靠抵於演奏者之肩窩（D)處〔請參考第四圖所示〕，利用 墊體（1)呈外三點接觸，與呈三角形之肩窩（D)靠抵，正好 可完全合乎人體工學，使琴身（B)得以緊抵於墊體（丨）之三 個腳柱（12)上，受到腳柱（12)呈内三點支撐，而可形成點 接觸，以縮小墊體（〇與琴身（B)之接觸面積，不會破壞琴 漆接觸點，而不致影響原有音質，又藉由該等腳柱可 以輕易調整墊體（1)之角度以及達到平衡狀態，又由於琴身 (B)係與墊體（1)上之音響反射區（11)相對，可利用該音響 反射區（11)内設入有天然海棉塊（2)，尤適合於室内樂演奏 〔四重奏等〕，可使音色更加柔和，產生更多的泛音，而與 其他樂器所演奏的聲音融合在一起。 本發明第二實施例’如第八圖所不’主要係包括有： 墊體（1)及天然海棉塊（2)，其中： 墊體（1)，主要係設呈三角形，並為軟質泡棉所製成， 其中心處係設有一貫穿孔形成之音響反射區（11)，又於該 墊體（1)之周緣分別固定有矽膠材質所製成之圓球形腳柱 (12)，該三個腳柱（12)係呈三角形相對排列，而為三點支 撐之樣態，另設有一彈性帶（13)係貫穿於墊體（1)之音響反 射區（11)，而於墊體（1)二端凸伸而出。 天然海棉塊（2)，其係設入於墊體（1)之音響反射區（u) 200820215 内，該天然海棉塊（2)之頂面設有一層金箔（21)。 使用時，如第九圖所示，其係先將該天然海棉塊（2)置 入於墊體（1)之音響反射區（11)内，然後再將塾體（1)上之 彈性帶（13)繫結固定於琴身（B)及琴尾（B1)上，再將該墊體 (1)靠抵於演奏者之肩窩（D)處〔請參考第四圖所示〕，利用 墊體（1)呈外三點接觸，與呈三角形之肩窩（D)靠抵，正好 可元全合乎人體工學，使琴身（β)得以緊抵於塾體（1)之三 個腳柱（12)上，受到腳柱（12)呈内三點支撐，而可形成點 接觸，以縮小墊體（1)與琴身（Β)之接觸面積，不會破壞琴 漆接觸點，而不致影響原有音質，又藉由該等腳二（12); 以輕易調整墊體（1)之角度以及達到平衡狀態，又由於琴身 (Β)係與墊體（1)上之音響反射區（11)相對，可利用該音響 反射區（11)内設入有天然海棉塊（2)，且天然海棉塊（2)上 设有一層金治（21)，尤適合於協奏區，利用金荡（μ)可以 使聲音之穿透力加強，且明亮剛強，可在擔任協奏的主奏 時’可以與來自於交響樂的聲音相抗衡，使音量可以清楚 獨立的凸顯主奏者的音色。 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖係為本發明第一實施例之構造示意圖。 第二圖係為本發明第一實施例之構造剖視圖。 第三圖係為本發明第一實施例之使用狀態示意圖。 第四圖係為本發明第一實施例抵靠於肩窩處之示意圖。 第五圖係為本發明第一實施例於彈性帶上調整支架位置之 200820215 示意圖。 第六圖係為本發明第二實施例之構造示意圖。 第七圖係為本發明第二實施例之使用狀態示意圖。 第八圖係為本發明第三實施例之構造示意圖。 第九圖係為本發明第三實施例之使用狀態示意圖。 第十圖係為習知中、小提琴使用硬質之肩墊構造示意圖。 第十一圖係為習知中、小提琴使用氣囊式之肩墊構造示意 圖。 【主要元件符號說明】200820215 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to a middle and violin shoulder pad, which mainly utilizes an acoustic reflection zone on a cushion body as a through-hole type, or is selectively placed in a natural state. The sponge block' or the natural sponge block with gold foil on the top for the performance of solo, chamber music or concerto, can show the best sound and tone of the middle and violin. [Prior Art] According to the current general structure of the shoulder pad used by the Chinese and violin, please refer to the Patent Case No. M250274 of the Republic of China, "The Shoulder Pad Structure of the Violin", as shown in the tenth figure. The shoulder pad (A) with an arc surface is provided for being placed on the shoulder of the player, and the two ends of the shoulder pad are respectively provided with a adjusting piece (A1), although the adjusting piece (A1) can be used for the angle > The adjustment, but because the shoulder pad (A) is made of a hard material, the heavier weight is heavy, so the softness is not good, and the angle is limited due to the placement of the shoulder, and the sound quality is poor when playing. The two ends of the body are fixed to the adjusting piece (Al) >, when the force is pressed to pick up the body, the pressure is large, and the resonance sound is weak, and the feeling is wide: not resonant, and the angle of adjustment is easy to be skewed, Moreover, when the shoulder pad (A) is in contact with the middle and the violin, it is easy to cause the sound of the piano paint to fall off due to friction. Another common airbag type shoulder pad (C) structure, as shown in the eleventh, is provided with two elastic bands (C1) on the shoulder pad (C) to tighten the body, (B 'The shoulder pad (C) is softer, but because of the large area of the 200820215 contact with the body (B), it also has a considerable influence on the sound quality during performance. Therefore, the above-mentioned conventional shoulder pad (c) Construction is not ideal for use. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the shoulder pad used in the conventional violin is too hard, and it is difficult to adjust the angle, and it is easy to cause the piano paint to fall due to excessive contact area, destroying resonance, vibrating, and affecting the sound quality during performance. And the sound, so the use is not good. The present invention mainly provides a middle and violin shoulder pad, which is provided with a triangular body made of soft foam, and the pad body is provided with an acoustic reflection zone, and the acoustic reflection zone is formed by a through hole. And the foot column made of the silicone material is respectively fixed on the pad body, and the leg columns are arranged in a triangular shape. The other elastic band is protruded through the pad body. A natural sponge block is disposed in the acoustic reflection zone. A layer of gold foil is disposed on the top surface of the natural sponge block. The above-mentioned legs are arranged in a spherical shape. The invention has the following effects: 1. The structure of the invention is in three-point contact with the body, which can reduce the contact area between the pad body and the body, and does not damage the touch point of the piano paint and affect the sound quality. 2. The construction of the present invention is triangular in shape and can be placed against the shoulder socket to be fully ergonomic to reduce the excess area that is not necessary for the player's shoulder to be unnecessarily contacted. "The present invention allows the player to adjust the balance angle of the body while playing the instrument. 'The contrast sound of the bass string or the treble string can be played during performance. 200820215 4. The pad system of the present invention is a lightweight foam. Made of, so light weight, moderate hardness when playing the piano, will not cause any burden on the player. 5. The invention is a non-traditional two-end clamping body-type shoulder pad contact, so the piano can be used There are more overtones and resonance sounds. 6. The pad body of the invention can have different sizes of large, medium and small, for convenient use, easy to operate, suitable for players of different ages. The reflection zone can be selected as a solid perforation, or when a natural sponge block is placed, or a natural sponge block with a gold foil on the top is placed for performance in a solo, chamber music or concerto zone. [Embodiment] First, referring to the first figure and the second figure, the first embodiment of the present invention is mainly provided with a triangular body (丨), the pad body (1) Made of soft foam The center has a sound reflection area (11) formed by continuous perforation, and a spherical ball column (12) made of silicone material is fixed on the periphery of the body (1), and the three legs (12)丨 2) is arranged in a triangular shape, and is a three-point support. An elastic band (丨3) is inserted through the acoustic reflection zone (11) of the pad body (1), and the pad body (1) The two ends are protruded out. When used, as shown in the third figure, the elastic band (13) on the pad (1) is fastened to the body (Β) and the tail (Β1), and then The pad body (1) abuts against the player's shoulder socket (D) (as shown in the fourth figure), and uses the pad body (丨) to make an external three-point contact, and the triangular shoulder socket (D) is abutted, just right. It is fully ergonomic, so that the body (Β) can be fastened to the three legs (12) of the cushion body (1), and the 200820215 is supported by the foot column (12) at three points, which can form point contact. In order to reduce the contact area between the pad body (1) and the body (B), the contact point of the piano paint will not be damaged, and the original sound quality will not be affected. The pad body can be easily adjusted by the leg (12) (1) Corner And reaching the equilibrium state', and since the body (B) is opposite to the acoustic reflection area (11) on the pad body (1), the acoustic reflection area (11) can be used as a through hole, which is particularly suitable for solo or double The ensemble can make the timbre moderately moderate, without being too high or low. The position of the cushion body (1) of the present invention on the body (B) can be adjusted to match the different widths of the shoulder sockets of different ages, such as As shown in the fifth figure, after the elastic band (13) on the pad body (1) is fastened to the body (B) and the tail (B1), the elastic band (13) is used to penetrate the pad body. Between (1), after the elastic band (13) is fixed, the pad body can be arbitrarily moved so that the pad body can be fitted against the shoulder of the player to achieve the best performance tone. The second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the sixth figure, mainly includes: a body (1) and a natural sponge block (2), wherein: the pad body (1) is mainly formed in a triangular shape and is soft. Made of foam, the center has a sound reflection zone (11) formed by continuous perforation, and a spherical ball column (12) made of silicone material is fixed on the periphery of the body (1). The three legs (12) are arranged in a triangular shape, and are in the form of a three-point branch. Another elastic band (13) is provided through the acoustic reflection zone (11) of the pad body (1). The two ends of the pad body (1) protrude out. Natural sponge block (2), which is set in the vertical reflection zone of the cushion body (1) (2008) 200820215 When used, as shown in the seventh figure, it is first placed on the natural sponge block (2) Insert into the acoustic reflection zone (11) of the pad body (1), and then fasten the elastic band (13) on the pad body (1) to the body (B) and the tail (B1), and then The pad body (1) abuts against the player's shoulder socket (D) (please refer to the fourth figure), and the pad body (1) is in contact with the outer three points, and the triangular shoulder socket (D) is abutted. It is exactly ergonomic, so that the body (B) can be fastened to the three legs (12) of the cushion body (,), and the foot column (12) is supported by three points inside, and can form a point contact. In order to reduce the contact area between the pad body and the body (B) without damaging the contact points of the piano paint without affecting the original sound quality, the angle of the pad body (1) can be easily adjusted by the leg columns and The balance state is reached, and since the body (B) is opposite to the acoustic reflection area (11) on the pad body (1), a natural sponge block (2) can be disposed in the acoustic reflection area (11). Suitable for indoor performances [Quartet, etc.] can make the tone softer and produce more overtones, and blend with the sounds played by other instruments. The second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the eighth figure, mainly includes: (1) and natural sponge block (2), wherein: the pad body (1) is mainly made of a triangle and is made of soft foam, and the center is provided with an acoustic reflection zone formed by consistent perforation (11) And a spherical ball column (12) made of a silicone material is fixed on the periphery of the pad body (1), and the three leg columns (12) are arranged in a triangular shape and are supported by three points. In addition, an elastic band (13) is inserted through the acoustic reflection zone (11) of the pad body (1), and protrudes from the two ends of the pad body (1). Natural sponge block (2), the system It is placed in the acoustic reflection zone (u) 200820215 of the cushion body (1), and a layer of gold foil (21) is arranged on the top surface of the natural sponge block (2). When used, as shown in the figure IX, it is first The natural sponge block (2) is placed in the acoustic reflection zone (11) of the cushion body (1), and then the elastic band (13) on the body (1) is tied. On the body (B) and the end of the piano (B1), the cushion body (1) is placed against the shoulder (D) of the player (please refer to the fourth figure), and the cushion body (1) is used. The outer three points of contact, and the triangular shoulder socket (D), can be fully ergonomic, so that the body (β) can be fastened to the three legs (12) of the body (1), The foot column (12) is supported by three points inside, and a point contact can be formed to reduce the contact area between the pad body (1) and the body (Β) without damaging the touch point of the piano paint without affecting the original sound quality. And by the second foot (12); to easily adjust the angle of the pad body (1) and reach the equilibrium state, and because the body (Β) system is opposite to the acoustic reflection area (11) on the pad body (1), The acoustic reflection zone (11) can be provided with a natural sponge block (2), and the natural sponge block (2) is provided with a layer of Jinzhi (21), which is especially suitable for the concerto area, using Jindang (μ) ) can make the sound penetration stronger, bright and strong, can be used as the lead of the concerto 'can compete with the sound from the symphony, so that the volume can clearly and independently highlight the lead Color. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The first drawing is a schematic view of the configuration of the first embodiment of the present invention. The second drawing is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the first embodiment of the present invention. The third figure is a schematic view showing the state of use of the first embodiment of the present invention. The fourth figure is a schematic view of the first embodiment of the present invention resting against the shoulder socket. The fifth figure is a schematic diagram of the 200820215 for adjusting the position of the bracket on the elastic band according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The sixth drawing is a schematic view showing the configuration of the second embodiment of the present invention. The seventh drawing is a schematic view showing the state of use of the second embodiment of the present invention. The eighth figure is a schematic view showing the configuration of the third embodiment of the present invention. The ninth drawing is a schematic view showing the state of use of the third embodiment of the present invention. The tenth figure is a schematic diagram of the construction of a rigid shoulder pad using the violin in the prior art. The eleventh figure is a schematic view of the construction of a shoulder pad of a bladder type in a conventional violin. [Main component symbol description]
(1) 墊體 (11) 音響反射區 (12) 腳柱 (13) 彈性帶 (2) 天然海棉塊（21) 金箔 (A) 肩墊 (A1) 調整片 ⑻ 琴身 (B1) 琴尾 (C) 墊肩 (C1) 彈性帶 (D) 肩窩 11(1) Pad body (11) Acoustic reflection zone (12) Foot column (13) Elastic band (2) Natural sponge block (21) Gold foil (A) Shoulder pad (A1) Adjusting piece (8) Body (B1) Piano (C) shoulder pads (C1) elastic band (D) shoulder socket 11