TW200819196A - Absorption freezing method to separate pure water from sea water - Google Patents

Abstract

This investigation is to claim a purify method to separate pure water from sea water. Using absorption freezing mechanism, the pure water can be frozen independently. Re-used energy, exhaust heat and solar heat, as the input energy for the absorption freezing mechanism will provide less cost of the sea water purified process.

Description

200819196 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field of the invention] The invention relates to absorption type cold; the method for desalination of the East Seawater utilizes the low auxiliary power demand of the absorption type refrigerator, and the renewable energy such as waste heat, solar energy and geothermal energy as a heat source, The refrigerant has the conditions of freezing and low temperature, and freezes and separates the fresh water and salt in the seawater to reduce the cost and promote the popularization of seawater desalination. • [Prior Art] The most commonly used method for seawater desalination can be divided into non-thermal treatment and heat treatment. Non-heat treatment methods include reverse osmosis and electrodialysis. The reverse osmosis method is more suitable for salt water and seawater desalting; while electrodialysis is only suitable for salt water. The heat treatment method changes the liquid phase to the gas phase (also known as distillation) or the solid phase freeze desalting (also known as freezing method) by heat or phase change, and then returns it to the liquid phase, so that the salt can be removed from the liquid phase. Separation in water to achieve the purpose of desalination 0 The main cost of reverse osmosis method is membrane and high pressure energy, and the cost of membrane material must be greatly reduced to facilitate the promotion. The advantages and disadvantages of the steam distillation method, the main cost of the distillation method, the thermal energy required for evaporation, and the high thermal efficiency; the key to the freezing desalination method is that the freezing performance is not as good as the direct heating distillation method, unless the freezing method can be improved. ^本. Regardless of whether non-heat treatment or heat treatment is used, the cost of seawater desalination is not low as of now, which is not conducive to generalization. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Through the theoretical energy level analysis, the seawater at room temperature is generally heated to the state of evaporation to separate the salt, and the heat required for the separation of salt is 6 times that is required for the separation of salt after icing. Comparison of tool performance for heat addition and heat removal. The freezing method needs to cooperate with the auxiliary power such as the refrigeration compressor and the pump. The energy conversion efficiency is low, and the overall efficiency is not as good as the direct heating distillation method. The design of the present invention uses an absorption chiller as the main structure to reduce the peripheral support equipment and auxiliary power as much as possible, and to improve the cost performance of seawater desalination. [Embodiment] The contents of the "absorption chilled seawater desalination method" of the present invention and the effects thereof are described in detail with reference to the drawings, and the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Please refer to the first figure, 5 海水 seawater desalination tank, add an appropriate amount of seawater (or salt water) from the seawater inlet 5 1 , the height of the seawater in the tank covers the refrigerant pipe 5 5 , the refrigerant pipe is filled with refrigerant, the refrigerant can be concentrated brine , or add antifreeze solution, with pump 30 as an auxiliary power for refrigerant flow. The refrigerant tube has two branches, and the first frozen branch stream 56 is integrated in the evaporator 14 of the suction type camera 10 to provide the heat required for the absorption type freezing cold burst, so that the refrigerant tube is first The tributary refrigerant g = low temperature conditions below zero. The cold head located in the desalination tank has a refrigerant temperature lower than the freezing point of seawater, and produces ice crystals on the contact surface of the tube; and f' or pure water, which reaches the separation of seawater salt a = : after crystal The concentrated brine at the bottom of the tank, 支 tributary heart in the heat exchanger of 200819196 3, absorbs the heat discharged from the condenser, accelerates the melting of ice crystals in the seawater desalination tank. At this point, the frozen substream of the second seawater desalination tank can be introduced into the freezer evaporator for the first tank cold bead separation procedure. The pure water melted in the first tank is discharged through the 3 5 outlet to complete the process of seawater desalination. The invention designs an absorption type freezer as a freezing tool for seawater desalination and freezing desalination, and the circulating solution of the refrigerator can be an ammonia aqueous solution, a lithium bromide solution, etc., the example shown in the first figure is an absorption type cold solution of an aqueous ammonia solution; . The low temperature environment of the cold-air evaporator can be used to freeze the fresh water in the seawater, separate the salt in the seawater, and accelerate the melting of the fresh water of the hail by the heat released by the condenser of the freezer. The invention can also be simplified as a single-stage freeze-free desalination process, or the refrigerant tube pan is attached to the ice-making tank casing, and the liquid in the ice tank is frozen and frozen. The heat source 40 required for the absorption type cold heading machine can directly use waste heat regeneration energy, solar energy, geothermal heat, etc., or provide a heat source for the operation of the absorption type refrigerator by using a heater such as biomass energy or natural gas. θ The cost analysis of the design of the invention can save the cost of heat energy by using waste heat, solar energy or geothermal energy, etc. Further, if the ammonia solution is used in an absorption type freezer, hydrogen (or helium or nitrogen) is used as a tube. The road accumulates the source gas, and the recirculating operation of the freezer requires almost no additional auxiliary power. The refrigerant circulation operation between the desalination tank and the cold camera can be designed by the pressure pump as an auxiliary power for accelerating heat exchange. The cost of desalination can be minimized and the purpose of popularization can be achieved. As described above, the absorption type chilled seawater desalination method of the present invention and the use of the renewable energy source can effectively reduce the seawater desalination cost, thereby making the production of the present invention more practical and more user-friendly 7 200819196

It is necessary to meet the requirements of the invention patent application and to file a patent application. The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the absorption cold-type seawater desalination design of the present invention, and it is not possible to limit the implementation of the present invention by this, and the content of the patent application and the contents of the invention are all made according to the present invention. Simple equivalent variations and modifications are still within the scope of the invention.

S 200819196 [Simplified description of the drawings] The first figure is a schematic diagram of the design structure of the absorption chilled seawater desalination of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] ίο absorption chiller 11 —-generator 12- one separator 13- one condenser 14-one evaporator

15- an absorber 21 - absorption refrigerant vapor + water 22 - absorption refrigerant vapor 23 - absorption refrigerant liquid 24 - absorption refrigerant + hydrogen 25 - hydrogen gas 26 - a concentrated absorption solution 27- - dilute absorption solution 30 - a pump 40 - heat source 50 - seawater desalination tank 51 - a seawater inlet 52 - - concentrated brine outlet 53 - freshwater outlet 55 - a refrigerant tube 56 cold "east pipeline 57-one heating pipe 9

Claims (1)

200819196 X. Application for Patent Park: 1. An "absorption chilled seawater desalination method" in which an absorption chiller is used as a freezing tool, and the seawater (or brine) is returned to the desalination tank by a refrigerant pipe flowing through the evaporator. The temperature of the water drops below the freezing point, so that fresh water (or pure water) in the sea water is solidified by ice crystals, and the fresh water and salt in the seawater (or brine) are separated. 2. For the “absorption chilled seawater desalination method” mentioned in the first paragraph of the patent application, the absorption chiller is used as a freezing tool for seawater desalination and freezing desalination, and the circulating solution of the refrigerator can be an absorption system such as ammonia solution or lithium bromide solution. Solution. 3. If the absorption type freezer described in the second paragraph of the patent application park is used, the ammonia solution is used as the absorption solution, and the gas such as hydrogen, helium or nitrogen can be used as the pipeline pressure storage source gas. 4. For the “absorption chilled seawater desalination method” mentioned in the first paragraph of the patent application, the refrigerant pipes in the seawater desalination tank can be integrated with the chiller evaporator and condenser respectively to provide the required desalting desalination process. And accelerate the temperature conditions for melting ice crystals. 5. If the "absorption chilled seawater desalination method" mentioned in the first paragraph of the patent application scope uses the evaporator and condenser operating conditions of the refrigerator, the freezing desalination process of multiple sets of seawater desalination tanks can be simultaneously carried out, and the melting ice crystals can be accelerated. process. 6. As mentioned in the first paragraph of the patent application, “absorption chilled seawater desalination method j, refrigerant pipe between seawater desalination tank and freezer” is filled with refrigerant in the refrigerant pipe, and the refrigerant can be concentrated brine or a solution containing antifreeze ❹ 7. For the absorption chilled seawater desalination method referred to in the first paragraph of the patent application, the source of heat required for the absorption type cold-warming machine can be directly used by renewable energy such as waste heat, solar energy, geothermal energy, or by biomass. A heater for energy, natural gas, etc., as a heat source required for the operation of an absorption chiller. 8. The "absorption chilled seawater desalination method" described in item 1 of the patent application can also be simplified to a single-stage freeze desalination process. Or, the refrigerant tube is attached to the ice making tank casing, and the liquid in the ice making tank is frozen and frozen. 11