TW200300692A - Method for treating or preventing inflammatory diseases - Google Patents
Method for treating or preventing inflammatory diseases Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW200300692A TW200300692A TW091132682A TW91132682A TW200300692A TW 200300692 A TW200300692 A TW 200300692A TW 091132682 A TW091132682 A TW 091132682A TW 91132682 A TW91132682 A TW 91132682A TW 200300692 A TW200300692 A TW 200300692A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- tetraphosphate
- triphosphate
- group
- alkyl
- urine
- Prior art date
Links
- 208000027866 inflammatory disease Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 37
- 239000001226 triphosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- -1 nucleoside diphosphate Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 235000011178 triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000018 receptor agonist Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229940044601 receptor agonist Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000001177 diphosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 201000010105 allergic rhinitis Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000002757 inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002777 nucleoside Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 206010039083 rhinitis Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 206010039085 Rhinitis allergic Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 206010039094 Rhinitis perennial Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 208000022719 perennial allergic rhinitis Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 206010010744 Conjunctivitis allergic Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 208000002205 allergic conjunctivitis Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 208000024998 atopic conjunctivitis Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 201000004624 Dermatitis Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 208000006673 asthma Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000002458 infectious effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 201000009890 sinusitis Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 208000035285 Allergic Seasonal Rhinitis Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 208000029147 Collagen-vascular disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 208000022559 Inflammatory bowel disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 208000036284 Rhinitis seasonal Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 208000017022 seasonal allergic rhinitis Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- YDHWWBZFRZWVHO-UHFFFAOYSA-H [oxido-[oxido(phosphonatooxy)phosphoryl]oxyphosphoryl] phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O YDHWWBZFRZWVHO-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 73
- DRTQHJPVMGBUCF-XVFCMESISA-N Uridine Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1N1C(=O)NC(=O)C=C1 DRTQHJPVMGBUCF-XVFCMESISA-N 0.000 claims description 71
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 69
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 67
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 61
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 claims description 55
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 51
- 206010020751 Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 claims description 41
- DRTQHJPVMGBUCF-PSQAKQOGSA-N beta-L-uridine Natural products O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O[C@@H]1N1C(=O)NC(=O)C=C1 DRTQHJPVMGBUCF-PSQAKQOGSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- DRTQHJPVMGBUCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N uracil arabinoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(CO)OC1N1C(=O)NC(=O)C=C1 DRTQHJPVMGBUCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 229940045145 uridine Drugs 0.000 claims description 37
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000002485 urinary effect Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 claims description 30
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-biphenylenemethane Natural products C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000007815 allergy Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000005110 aryl thio group Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- RMBPEFMHABBEKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=C[CH]C=CC3=CC2=C1 RMBPEFMHABBEKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000004659 aryl alkyl thio group Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- OPTASPLRGRRNAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cytosine Chemical compound NC=1C=CNC(=O)N=1 OPTASPLRGRRNAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 18
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 claims description 18
- OIRDTQYFTABQOQ-KQYNXXCUSA-N adenosine Chemical compound C1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O OIRDTQYFTABQOQ-KQYNXXCUSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 102000002298 Purinergic P2Y Receptors Human genes 0.000 claims description 15
- 108010000818 Purinergic P2Y Receptors Proteins 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical class [H]S* 0.000 claims description 15
- 208000026935 allergic disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 14
- MWEQTWJABOLLOS-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;[[[5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-oxidophosphoryl] hydrogen phosphate;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].C1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1C1OC(COP(O)(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP(O)([O-])=O)C(O)C1O MWEQTWJABOLLOS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
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- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 12
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- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 11
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- SKOLWUPSYHWYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonodithioic O,S-acid Chemical compound SC(S)=O SKOLWUPSYHWYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940104302 cytosine Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004663 dialkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000172 allergic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
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- 235000019640 taste Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001540 azides Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960001428 mercaptopurine Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- LRFVTYWOQMYALW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-xanthine Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)NC2=C1NC=N2 LRFVTYWOQMYALW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001691 aryl alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000006310 cycloalkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 6
- BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-beta-D-Xylofuranosyl-NH-Cytosine Natural products O=C1N=C(N)C=CN1C1C(O)C(O)C(CO)O1 UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002126 C01EB10 - Adenosine Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-PSQAKQOGSA-N Cytidine Natural products O=C1N=C(N)C=CN1[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O1 UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-PSQAKQOGSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical group C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 125000002102 aryl alkyloxo group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
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- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- FCZOVUJWOBSMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[(6-aminopurin-9-yl)methyl]-5-methyl-3-methylideneoxolan-2-one Chemical compound C1=NC2=C(N)N=CN=C2N1CC1(C)CC(=C)C(=O)O1 FCZOVUJWOBSMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- IQFYYKKMVGJFEH-XLPZGREQSA-N Thymidine Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C(C)=CN1[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)C1 IQFYYKKMVGJFEH-XLPZGREQSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- QTPILKSJIOLICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis[hydroxy(phosphonooxy)phosphoryl] hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O QTPILKSJIOLICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- SFYLVTNFLRJWTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoren-1-imine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC(=N)C3=CC2=C1 SFYLVTNFLRJWTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- DWRXFEITVBNRMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Beta-D-1-Arabinofuranosylthymine Natural products O=C1NC(=O)C(C)=CN1C1C(O)C(O)C(CO)O1 DWRXFEITVBNRMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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Description
200300692 ⑴ 玖、發明說明 (發明說明應敘明:發明所屬之技術領域、先前技術、内容、實施方式及圖式簡單說明) 技術領域 本發明係有關預防及/或緩解炎性疾病之症狀及表徵之 方法。本發明亦有關治療、預防及/或緩解過敏反應之症 狀與表徵之方法。核:y:酸受體激動劑用於本發明。 先前技術 由研究提示藉由細胞外核芸酸(如ATP與UTP)活化P2Y受 體及/或P2X受體引發與前發炎性作用一致之來自發炎性 細胞(如肥大細胞、嗜伊紅球、白細胞、嗜中性球)之反應。 須ATP來刺激自大鼠腹膜肥大細胞釋放組織胺及於大鼠 漿膜肥大細胞(Jaffar and Pearce,Agents Actions 30(1-2): 64-6 (1990) ; Izushi and Tasaka·,Pharmacology 42(6): 297-308 (1991)) 。於後者之情形,ATP之作用被兩種推定的P2Y受體拮抗 劑,即反應性藍2及蘇拉明抑制。抗-IgE引發之自人肺肥 大細胞釋放組織胺,顯著地由低濃度(10_6至10·4Μ)之ATP 及UTP促進,但於高濃度(1(Γ3Μ)卻受抑制,指示一雙峰 (bimodal)作用(Schulman,et al·,Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol· Biol· 20(3): 530-7 (1999))。腺嘌呤與尿甞酸(ADP,ATP與UTP活化 經培養之大鼠骨體肥大細胞上之趨化性信號,且可藉由腸 黏膜使肥大細胞吸收作為寄生蟲反應的一部分(Saito,et al., Int. Arch. Allergy Appl. Immunol. 94(1-4): 68-70 (1991) » McCloskey,et al·,J· Immunol· 163(2): 970-7 (1999)) 0 嘌呤能受體經由ATP與UTP之作用,亦顯示涉及於媒介 增進02對趨化性肽-甲醯基- Met-Leu-Phe之反應中人類 200300692
嗜中性球之核苷酸反應(Walker,et al·,Lab Invest. 64(1): 105-12 (1991))。例如,多形核之白細胞(PMN)與ATP及UTP 短暫培養,增進藉由Ν’-甲醯基-Met-Leu-Phe引發之氧化性 突發。於人類嗜中性球,ATP經由P 2受體之作用,顯示刺 激胞液之自由態妈濃度提高(Merritt and Moores,Cell Signal 3(3): 243-9 (1991) ; Walker, et al.3 Lab Invest. 64(1): 105-12 (1991))。 白細胞之細胞外核甞酸引發之刺激及隨後之黏附於内 皮已顯示於炎性疾病中扮演重要角色。細胞外核嘗酸刺激 人類多形核之嗜中性球(PMN)上之P2Y受體,具P2Y2受體之 藥理學側圖。假定細胞外核甞酸須要白三烯生成作為媒介 續7中性球膜粒之必須中間體(Kannan,Med. Hypotheses 57(3): 306-9 (2001)) ° 細胞外核甞酸亦於嗜伊紅球引出多種反應,其已顯示表 現各種 P2X與 P2Y 亞型(Ferrari,et al·,FEBS Lett· 486(3): 217-24 (2000))。例如,ATP顯示於人嗜伊紅球刺激胞液之鈣含量, 產生反應性氧物種,及向上調節前炎性標記整合素CDllb (Dichmann,et al·,Blood 95(3): 973-8 (2000)。除 匕等作用夕卜, P2Y激動劑亦已顯示增加細胞内Ca++,由於藉?2丫2受體刺激 鱗月旨酶 C(Brown, et al·, Mol. Pharmacol. 40, 648-65 5 (1991); Yerxa and Johnson, Drugs of the Future 24(7): 759-769 (1999) o ATP 為嗜伊紅球之強活化劑,具可與其他已知之嗜中性球化學 吸引素比較之生物活性,因此強烈提示P2受體作為前炎 性受動器功能之活化劑之任務(Dichmann,et al.,Blood 95(3): 200300692 (3) mmBm 973-8 (2000) ; Mohanty, et al., J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 107(5): 849-55 (2001))。 觀察之優勢提示藉由細胞外核甞酸如ATP與UTP活化 P2Y受體及/或P2X受體引出與前發炎作用一致之來自炎性 細胞(如肥大細胞、嗜伊紅球、白細胞、嗜中性球)之反應。 嘌呤受體激動劑已揭示於下列專利中。美國專利編號 5,789,391 ; 5,763,447; 5,63 5,160; 5,93 5,5 55; 5,656,256; 5,62 8,984 ; 5,002,567; 5,292,498; 5,837,861 ; 5,900,407; 5,972,904; 5,981,506 ; 5,958,897 ; 5,968,913 ; 6,022,527 ; 6,133,247 ;及 6,143,279,及 PCT公告 W097/29756,W097/35591,W096/40059,WO97/05195 ’ WO94/08593,W098/19685,W098/15835,WO98/03182 ’ WO98/03177,W098/34942,W098/34593 ’ WO99/09998 ’ WO99/32085,WO99/61012,WO00/30629 ’ WO00/50024 ’ 及 WO 96/40059揭示治療鼻竇炎、睫狀體運動困難、與固定不動 有關之肺炎、肺病、囊纖維生成、乾眼症、陰道乾燥、支 氣管炎、水腫性視網膜疾患、視網膜退化及剥離及胃腸 病,藉由投以聚磷酸二核甞及有關化合物予患者。 尋求對抗或抑制發性作用之化合物仍為活躍研究之領 域。很想發現具此能力之化合物’尤其是右'此等化合物係 經由未知途徑發揮作用者。 發明内容 本發明提供預防或治療炎性疾病之方法。此方法包括投 予須其之患者一含有有效於治療或預防炎性疾病之核甞 酸受體激動劑之醫藥調配物。
200300692 (4) 核苷酸受體激動劑較好為P2Y受體激動劑,包括二祷酸 核荅、三磷酸核苷、聚磷酸二核甞及彼等之類似物。用於 本申請案之三磷酸核苷包括例如尿甞5’-二鱗酸(UDP)、腺 甞5、二磷酸(ADP)、胞:y: 5,_二磷酸(CDP)及通式^與Ib之彼 等之類似物。用於本申請案之三轉酸核贫包括例如尿知 5,-三磷酸(UTP)、腺:y: 5,·三磷酸(ATP)、胞甞5’_三磷酸(CTP) 及通式Ila與lib之彼等之類似物。用於本申請案之聚磷酸 二核甞以通式III描述。 適宜藉本發明預防或治療之炎性疾病包括而不限於鼻 竇炎、鼻炎、結膜炎、氣喘、皮炎、炎性腸病、炎性膠原 血管病、絲球體性腎炎、炎性皮膚病及肉狀瘤病。炎性疾 病之最通常之原因為過敏及感染;過敏或感染造成之炎性 疾病特別適宜預防或治療本發明。 圖式簡單說明 圖1顯示於眼表面(1)未經處理,以(2) 4 8 / 8 0單獨、(3 ) 0.05% 左卡巴斯;丁(levocabastine) 、 (4)0.025% 嗣替务 (ketotifen)、(5)0.1%歐洛帕他 >’丁(olopatadine)、(6)2% UP4U 及(7)非害西翁(vehilceon)血管漏沒及伊凡藍(Evans Blue)外 滲對大鼠之眼皮與眼球之影響。 圖2顯示(1)未經處理,以(2)48/80單獨、(3) 0.05%左卡 巴斯 >丁(levocabastine)、(4)0.025%酮替芬(ketotifen)、(5)0.1% 歐洛帕他汀(olopatadine)、(6)2% UP4U及(7)非害西翁 (vehilceon)血管漏戌及伊凡藍(Evans Blue)外滲對施以卵白 蛋白之天竺鼠之眼皮與眼球之影響。 200300692
(5) 貫施方式 申請者等出乎意料地發現,對照於以前之教示,P2Y受 體激動劑可抵消或抑制發炎作用。申請者等已發現P2Y受 體之活化,活體内提供治療、預防及/或緩解前發炎作用 之途徑,因此提供預防或治療炎性疾病之方法。此觀念顯 然偏離先前技藝之教示。 用來研究P2Y活化對發炎細胞之影響之大部分生物系 統係於活體外進行,而申請者等認為得自此等系統可能對 P2Y受體於發炎與過敏中之任務,提供不完全之看法。申 請者等決定獨立研究,且已於過敏性結膜炎之兩個活體内 模型中顯示P2Y受體激動劑,UP4U2降低與過敏性結膜炎之 過敏反應有關之前發炎標記子。申請者等亦顯示UP4dC促 進人之鼻組織之黏液廓清率。申請者等另顯示UP4dC鼻噴 霧劑有效於降低人之常年過敏性鼻炎之症狀。 本發明提供使用核荅酸受體激動劑治療或預防炎性疾 病之方法。核茹酸受體為選擇性結合細胞外核甞酸如UTP 及ATP之膜結合蛋白。較佳之核甞酸受體為P2Y嘌呤受體 如P2Y2受體。本發明以緩解或逆轉炎性疾病症候群之方法 為特徵。 此方法包括投予須其之患者一包含有效量之核苷酸受 體激動劑或其醫藥上可接受之鹽,視情況與醫藥上合宜載 劑之醫藥調配物。有效量為有效於預防或治療炎性疾病之 量;有效量可藉由精於此道者所做之各種已知技術決定。 當免疫學上感受態細胞反應於外來生物或抗原蛋白而 -10- 200300692 (6\
被活化時即發生發炎。當發炎過程引起入侵生物被呑噬或 中和時,其為有利的,但於關節炎之情形,當其導致骨與 軟骨破壞而造成關節功能受限時則為有害的。發炎反應通 常由外傷或抗原如病毒、細菌、原生動物或真菌抗原引 發。與發炎有關之細胞損害作用於細胞膜,引起白細胞釋 放溶酶體酶。然後,花生四晞酸自前驅體化合物釋放而產 生各種類花生酸。白三烯對嗜伊紅球、嗜中性球及巨噬細 胞具強力之向化作用,因此促進支氣管收縮及血管通透性 之變化。激肽、神經肽、組織胺、補體組份及其他之白細 胞與血小板產物於組織損傷部位釋放。嗜中性球膜之刺激 產生氧衍生之自由基,如超氧陰離子,其依序刺激其他反 應性分子如過氧化氫與羥基自由基之產生。此等物質與花 生四蹄酸之反應,致成向化性物質之產生,因此使發炎過 程被保持(Payan,D.G. and Shearn. Μ·Α·,ρρ· 431,in Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, Ed. Katzung, Bertram. G., Appleton and Lange, East Norwalk,CT,1989) o 適宜藉由本發明預防與治療之炎性疾病包括而不限於 鼻竇炎、鼻炎、結膜炎、氣喘、皮炎、炎性腸病、炎性膠 原血管病、絲球體腎炎、炎性皮膚病及肉狀瘤病。對某些 疾病,發炎之根本原因可變化,且包括那些自感染引發之 鼻炎、過敏性鼻炎與非過敏性鼻炎(藥物引發、機械的與 味覺的)。炎性疾病最通常之原因為過敏與感染;過敏或 感染引起之炎性疾病特別適宜藉由本發明預防。 上呼吸道感染(於鼻、竇及咽喉)為發炎之主因,亦稱為 -11 - 200300692 ⑺ 感冒、造成與鼻竇炎與鼻炎有關之發炎。 異位性皮炎,亦稱為異位性紅疹/皮炎症候群,為適宜 本發明之炎性皮膚病。於異位性皮炎,數種過敏與非過敏 之機制之聚集,造成皮膚表面腫脹及剝落;如發炎產生之 症狀如發紅、發癢、燒灼感、螫傷感及疼痛。
過敏為由暴露於造成有害之免疫學反應特定抗原(過敏 原)或後續的暴露所引起之過敏狀態。過敏通常有關對環 境抗原(異位性過敏或接觸性皮炎之過敏)或對藥物之過 敏(http://www.graylab.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?query=allergy. 2001 年 1 0月1 9日)。第一次遭遇過敏原,經由淋巴球敏化身體, 致使肥大細胞與嗜鹼性球之外層受IgE被覆。後續之暴露 致使產生”早期’’之過敏反應,且在暴露於過敏原之幾秒或 幾分内發生。於過敏反應中,過敏症為以前已暴露之人之 情況,其中組織發炎係由再度暴露於過敏原敏化劑後之免 疫反應所引起。一半的機會,過敏反應進展至π後期π,其 約於暴露後之4至6小時發生。於後期反應中,組織變紅及 腫腺,歸因於續·伊紅球、咳r中性球、淋巴球及其他細胞之 聚集。由肥大細胞與嗜鹼性球釋放之細胞激素傳訊此等之 其他細胞至發炎區。由TH2淋巴球釋放另外之細胞激素, 且再吸引發炎細胞。嗜伊紅球通常於過敏者之血液中有許 多,聚集於過敏反應之部位,釋放引起組織損害之化學物 質,且繼續促進發炎。反覆此π後期’’反應提供慢性過敏症 候群,使組織對後續之暴露敏化。過敏反應之實例包括肺 (如氣喘)、鼻(如鼻炎)、皮下、眼(如結膜炎)及全身性後 -12- 200300692
⑻ 期反應 Γhttp://www.medterm$,com/script/main/art.asp?articlekev= 3979, 2001 年 10 月 23 日)。 適 宜 藉 由 本發明預防或治療之過敏包括而不限於 氣 喘 過 敏 性 鼻炎、過敏性皮炎及過敏性結膜炎。 過 敏 性 鼻 炎為發炎狀態’特徵為許多症候群如鼻充女 流 鼻 水 > 鼻 後滴液、喉嚨痛、打噴嚏、頭痛、鼻與喉犧 發 条 臉. 部> 塾: 痛及全身不適。過敏性鼻炎一般可分類為常 年 性 季 即 性 、職業性、激素性、感染性及自發性。 常 年 性 過 敏性鼻炎(PAR)為取通常型之過敏性鼻炎, 且 典 型 地 由 暴 露於如黴菌孢子、塵蟎、動物發怒及其他所 引 起 9 且 可 於 一年《任何時間發生。此一般被視為慢性病 〇 季 ArAr 即 性 過 敏 性鼻炎亦稱為乾草熱,為對花粉或黴菌之 反 應 j 且 典 型 地於某些季節發生,例如於某些地區之,,豕 草 季 Ar^r 即 ,,0 過敏性反應之期間可為數天至幾個月。職業性 過 敏 性 鼻 炎 類 似於PAR,但由反應於工作時之空中傳播之 過 敏 原 所 引 發 。感染性過敏性鼻炎於上呼吸道感染時發生 如 於 感 冒 時 ,其中之感染生物釋放發炎性媒介物引發過 敏 反 應 。症狀持續整個感染期間,且通常與鼻竇及支氣管 之 感 染 增 加 有 關。激素性過敏性鼻炎典型地發生於懷孕或 有 其 他 激 素 不 平衡如甲狀腺機能低下之患者。自發性過敏 性 鼻 炎 為 用 來 描述其中之過敏原未知或發炎性鼻炎症狀 之 原 因 最 好 定 義為常年性非過敏性之術語。 過敏性結膜炎通常與過敏性 之眼部症候群如發癢、流淚、 鼻炎症候群有關,且具另外 燒灼感、螫傷感、想抓、及 -13- 200300692 (9) 紅眼、頭痛與對光敏感。過敏性結膜炎包括異位性角膜結 膜炎及春季結膜炎。異位性角膜結膜炎為過敏性眼病,特 徵為發炎、燒灼感、流淚、畏光及痛,且通常與瞼炎及瞼 板腺炎(眼皮發炎)。 ’ 本發明較佳之適應症為常年性過敏性鼻炎、季節性過敏 · 性鼻炎、感染性過敏性鼻炎及過敏性結膜炎。 > 化合物之說明 本方法包括投予須其之患者一包含有效量之核苷酸受 φ 體激動劑之醫藥調配物。較佳之核甞酸受體為P2Y嘌呤受 體,如P2Y2受體。此等受體藉由P2Y激動劑之活化引發細 胞内鈣含量之提高及傳訊途徑之活化,因此導致炎性疾病 之預防或治療。 核嘗酸受體激動劑包括聚磷酸核嘗、聚鱗酸二核嘗及彼 等之類似物。用於本申請案之二磷酸核苷包括尿甞5 二 磷酸(UDP)、腺甞5’-二磷酸(ADP) '胞嘗5f-二磷酸(CDP) 及彼等之通式la與lb之類似物。用於本申請案之三磷酸核 φ 苷包括尿苷5’-三磷酸(UTP)、腺苷5’-三磷酸(ATP)、胞茹 5’-三磷酸(CTP)及彼等之通式Ila與lib之類似物;通式III 一 之聚磷酸二核甞亦用於本申請案。 - UDP、CDP及彼等之類似物由通式la描述: -14- 200300692 (ίο)
式la
Χι與X2各分別為OH、SH、0·或S·; Y為H或OH ; 1^為Ο、醯亞胺基、亞甲基或二鹵亞甲基; R2為Η、鹵素、芳基、烷基、取代芳基、取代烷基、晞 基、块基、芳燒基、芳晞基、芳块基、燒氧基、硝基或疊 氮基;
R3為Η、纟完基、乙酸基、苯si基、酿基、芳驢基、芳燒 基,或當N-3與C-4之間為雙鍵則不存在;及 R4 為-OR’、-SR’、NHR”或 NR’R”,其中 R’為 Η、烷基、取 代烷基、芳基、取代芳基或芳烷基;及R”為Η、烷基、取 代烷基、芳基、取代芳基、芳烷基、烷氧基或芳氧基;其 限制條件為當R4以雙鍵键結於嘧啶環之4位之碳,則R1不 存在;或R"不存在而N R’R”之以’與R3—起為-CH = CH-形成 由N-3至N-4之環而於N-4與C-4之間具雙鍵;視情況,伸 乙晞(etheno )環之4 -或5 ·位之Η,分別以燒基、取代燒基、 芳基、取代芳基、烷氧基、硝基、鹵基或疊氮基取代。 -15- 200300692
式la化合物例如包括尿苷5、二磷酸(UDP);尿:y: 5,-〇-(2. 石瓦一鱗 (UDP /5S),5->臭尿菩 5’-二鱗酸(5 - BrUDP) ; 5 (1 苯乙炔基)尿甞5’-二磷酸(5-(1-苯乙炔基)udp) ; 5 -甲基尿 苷5、二磷酸(5 -甲基UDP) ; 4-己硫基尿苷5,_二磷酸(4·己硬 基UDP) ; 4-鲮基尿芬5’-二磷酸(4-巯基UDP) ; 4 -甲氧基尿 甞5·-二磷酸(4 -曱氧基UDP) ; 4-(N-嗎啉基)尿甞二磷酸 (4 - (N -嗎11林基)UDP,4-己氧基尿芬5’-二鱗酸(4-己氧基 UDP) ; N,N-二甲基胞芬 5、二磷酸(N,N-二甲基 CDP) ; n. 己基胞甞5、二磷酸(N-己基CDP);及N-環或基胞苷5,-二鱗 酸(N-環戊基CDP)。 較佳之式I a化合物包括UDP及UDP β S及4 -硫基UDP。某些 式la化合物(例士口 UDP、dUDP、dUDPpS及4-鏡基UDP)為已 知,且可根據精於此道者之已知方法或其變化法製造。例 如核荅二磷酸之某些硫代磷酸類似物(如UTP - β - S)之鑑別 及製備述於美國專利第3,846,402號及Goody及Eckstein (j Am. Chem. Soc· 93: 6252-6257 (1971))。替代地 UDP及其類似物 亦可得自商業如夕戈馬(Sigma)(St· Louis,M0)及法馬夕亞 (Pharmacia)(Uppsala,Sweden) 〇 ADP及其類似物以通式lb描述:
Sib
OH Y -16- 200300692 (12) 式中:
Ri、Χι、X2與Y如式la中所定義; R i i為Η、C1、胺基、單取代胺基、二取代胺基、烷硫基、 芳硫基、或芳烷硫基,其中S上之取代基含高至最多1 〇個 C原子,有或無不飽和; R 1 2為經基、締基、酮基、胺基、鼓基、硫酮、燒硫基、 芳硫基、芳烷硫基、醯硫基、烷氧基、芳氧基、醯氧基、 單取代烷胺基、雜環基、單取代環烷胺基、單取代芳烷胺 基、單取代芳胺基、二芳烷胺基、二芳胺基、二烷胺基、 酿胺基、或二醯胺基;
Rx為Ο、Η或不存在; R12與rx視情況一起形成1,Ν6-伸乙晞基腺嘌呤衍生物 之5員稠合咪唑,視情況於伸乙烯部分之4或5位上以如下 所定義之烷基、芳基、硝芳基、鹵芳基、芳烷基或烷氧基 取代; R! 3為Η、疊氮基、烷氧基、芳氧基、芳烷氧基、烷硫基、 芳硫基、或芳烷硫基,定義於下;或HCw烷基)0(30ΝΗ((^_6 烷基)W-式中Τ與W分別為胺基、巯基、羥基或羧基;或其 醫藥上可接受之酯、醯胺或鹽; J為C或Ν,其限制條件為當J為Ν則R i 3不存在; 其中烷基為直鏈、分支或環狀; 其中芳基視情沉以低碳燒基、芳基、胺基、單或二燒胺 基、N02、N3、氰基、羧基、疊氮基、磺醯胺基、磺酸、 磷酸或鹵基; -17- 200300692
(13) 特佳之式lb化合物包括5’-腺荅二磷酸(ADP)及2 -曱基 -SADP。 UTP、CTP及其類似物由通式Ila描述; 式Ila HO— P—Ri-P—R^P-Ο- Xi x2 X3
r2
OH Y 式中=
Xi、X2及X3各分別為OH、SH、0·或S-; Y為H或OH ;
Ri、R2、R3及R4如式la中所定義。 較佳地,X2與X3為0_,1^為0或醯亞胺基及R2為H。特 佳的式Ila化合物包括尿甞5’-三磷酸(UTP)及尿芸5’-0-(3- φ 硫三磷酸)(UTPyS)、胞甞5 ’ -三磷酸(CTP)及4 -硝苯基伸乙 晞胞荅5,-三磷酸。 · ATP及其類似物由通式lib描述: · -18- 200300692 (14) 式lib
式中: φ
Rt、Xi、X2、X3及Y如式Ila中所定義; 式中: R i i為Η、C 1、胺基、單取代胺基、二取代胺基、烷硫基、 芳硫基或芳烷硫基,其中S上之取代基含高至最多1 0個C 原子,有或無不飽和; R i 2為羥基、烯基、酮基、胺基、豉基、硫酮、烷硫基、 芳硫基、芳烷硫基、醯硫基、烷氧基、芳氧基芳烷氧基、 醯氧基、單取代烷胺基、雜環基、單取代環烷胺基、單取 φ 代芳烷胺基、單取代芳胺基、二芳烷胺基、二芳胺基、二 坑胺基、胺基或二酿胺基,
Rx為Ο、Η或不存在; · R12與Rx視情況一起形成1,Νό-伸乙烯基腺嘌呤衍生物 之5員稠合咪唑環,視情況於伸乙烯基部分之4 -或5位上以 烷基、芳基或芳烷基部分(如以下所定義)取代。 R13為Η、疊氮基、燒氧基、芳氧基、芳燒氧基、燒硫基、 芳硫基或芳烷硫基,如下所定義;或TCCu烷基)0€〇ΝΗ((^_6 -19- 200300692
(15) 烷基)W-其中T與W分別為胺基、黢基、羥基或羧基;或其 醫藥上可接受之酯、醯胺或鹽; J為C或N,其限制條件為當J為N,則R i 3不存在; 其中烷基為直鏈、分支或環狀;及 其中芳基視情況以低碳烷基、芳基、胺基、單或二烷胺 基、N02、N3、CN、致基、酸胺基、橫醯胺基、績酸、麟 酸或i基取代。 聚磷酸二核:y:由通式in描述。
式III
式中:
0_可為OH或鹽形式, X為0、亞甲基、二齒亞甲基(以二氟亞甲基及二氯亞甲 基為佳),或酿亞胺基; n = 0,1或 2 ; m = 0,1 或 2 ; n + m = 0,1,2,3 或 4 ; Z = H 或 OH ;
Zf = H 或 OH ; Y = H或OH ;及 -20- 200300692
(16) Y’ = H 或 OH ;及 其中Z,Z’,Y4Yf中至少一個為OH;及 B與B ’各分別為嘌呤殘基或嘧啶殘基,如分別定義於式 II la與Illb,分別經由9或1位連接; 式 Ilia
式中: R i i為Η、C1、胺基、單取代胺基、二取代胺基、烷硫基、 芳硫基、或芳烷硫基,其中,S上之取代基含高至最多1 〇 個C原子,有或無不飽和; R 1 2為經基、蹄基、酮基、胺基、競基、硫酮、燒硫基、 芳硫基、芳烷硫基、醯硫基、烷氧基、芳氧基、醯氧基、 單取代烷胺基、雜環基、單取代環烷胺基、單取代芳烷胺 基、單取代芳胺基、二芳烷胺基、二芳胺基、二烷胺基、 醯胺基、或二醯胺基;
Rx為0、Η或不存在; r12與rx視情況一起形成1,Νό-伸乙烯基腺嘌呤衍生物 之5員稠合咪咬,視情況於伸乙稀·部分之4或5位上以如下 所定義之烷基、芳基、硝芳基、鹵芳基、芳烷基或烷氧基 取代; R i 3為Η、疊氮基、烷氧基、芳氧基、芳烷氧基、烷硫基、 -21 - 200300692
⑼ 芳硫基、或芳烷硫基,定義於下;或T(CN6烷基PCONI^Cw 烷基)W-式中T與W分別為胺基、巯基、羥基或羧基;或其 醫藥上可接受之酯、醯胺或鹽; J為C或N,其限制條件為當J為N則R i 3不存在; 其中烷基為直鏈、分支或環狀; 其中芳基視情況以低碳燒基、芳基、胺基、單或二燒胺 基、N〇2、N3、氛基、叛基、疊氮基、績酿胺基、績酸、 磷酸或鹵基; 式 Illb
式中: R14為羥基、酮基、巯基、硫酮、胺基、CN ' C7_12芳烷 氧基、Cm烷硫基、CV6烷氧基、CN6烷胺基或二烷基, 其中烷基視情況連接形成雜環; R ! 5為Η、乙醯基、苯酿基、燒基、燒醯基、芳縫基、酿 基、芳醯基或當Ν-3與C-4之間有雙鍵時則不存在。 R 1 6為羥基、酮基、巯基、硫酮、C i _ 4烷氧基、C 7 _ i 2芳 烷氧基、CU6烷硫基、S-苯基、芳硫基、芳烷硫基、三唑 基、胺基、CN6烷胺基、Cu二取代胺基、或二-Cm烷胺 基,其中該二烷基視情況連接形成雜環,或連接形成取代 -22- 200300692 (18) 之環如嗎啉基、吡咯併等;或 R 15與R 16於嘧啶之3與4位之間一起形成5員稠合咪"坐環 及形成3,N4-伸乙晞基胞苷衍生物,其中該伸乙晞基部分 視情況於4或5位上以C丨_4烷基、苯基或芳烷基取代,其中 該C丨_4烷基、苯基或芳烷基中之至少一個Η視情況以鹵 素' 經基、Ci.4燒氧基、Ci.4燒基、C6.1()芳基、C7_12芳燒 基、羧基、C N、硝基、磺醯胺基、磺酸酯、磷酸酯、磺 酸、胺基、C i .4烷胺基及二-C i _4烷胺基,其中該二烷基視 情況連接形成雜環; R17為Η、羥基、CN、硝基、鹵素、Cb6烷基、C2_8晞基、 CF3、苯基、C2_8炔基、烷胺基、溴乙晞基、丙烯酸乙酯或 丙晞酸;或 r16與r17—起形成經由於r16之N或Ο或S鍵結之5或6員 飽和或不飽和環;此環視情況含本身含官能度之取代基; 及 R丨8為Η、胺基、烷胺基、醯胺基、二-C丨_4烷胺基、C丨.4 燒氧基、C 7 _ i 2芳燒氧基、C ! _ 4燒硫基、C 7 . i 2芳燒硫基、致 醯胺甲基、羧甲基、甲氧基、甲硫基、苯氧基或苯硫基; 其限制條件為當R ! 8為胺基或取代胺基,則R i 7為Η。 當本文使用,用詞”烷基”係指C卜i 〇包括直線分支或環狀 飽和或不飽和(亦即烯基及炔基)烴鏈,例如甲基、乙基、 丙基、異丙基、丁基、異丁基、第三丁基、戊基、己基、 辛基、乙晞基、丙晞基、丁締基、戊晞基、己蹄基、辛晞 基、丁二烯基、丙炔基、丁炔基、戊炔基、己炔基、庚炔 -23- 200300692
(19) 基、丙二烯基及視情況取代之芳烯基及芳炔基。當本文使 用,用詞”醯基’’係指其中之羧基之-Ο Η已以另外之取代基 (亦即,由RCO-代表,其中R為烷基或芳基)取代。如此, 用詞"醯基”特別地包括芳醯基。醯基之特定實例包括乙醯 基及苯醯基。當本文使用,用詞’’芳基’’係指5與6員烴及雜 環芳環。芳基之實例包括環戊二烯基、苯基、呋喃、噻吩、 口比嘻、口比喃、口比咬、味峻、異口塞峻、異口号峻、口比口坐、外匕口井、 嘧啶基之類。當本文使用用詞”烷氧基”係指C^o包括線 性、分支或環狀飽和或不飽和烴鏈經由氧基結合,包括例 如甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、異丙氧基、丁氧基、第三丁 氧基及戊氧基。當本文使用用詞”芳氧基”係指芳氧基如苯 氧基及燒基、鹵基或烷氧基取代之芳氧基。當本文使用用 詞π取代烷基π及”取代芳基π包括烷基及芳基,如本文所定 義,其中芳基或烷基之1或多個原子或官能基以另外之原 子或官能基例如鹵素、芳基、烷基、烷氧基、羥基、胺基、 烷胺基、二烷胺基、磺醯基或巯基取代。當本文使用用詞 ’’鹵基”、”鹵化物”或π鹵素·’係指F、C1、61:或1基。 式la、lb、Ila、lib及III之呋喃糖基部分,以D -組態描 述,但可為L -或D -及L -。以D -組態為佳。核甞殘基可為α -或β -及D -或L -組態,但最佳為β - D -組態。呋喃糖基部分包 括吱喃核糖基、2 ’ -脫氧吱喃核糖基、3 ’ -脫氧咬喃核糖基、 2 1,3 ’ -二脫氧呋喃核糖基、呋喃阿拉伯糖基、3 ’ -脫氧呋喃 阿拉伯糖基、吱喃木糖基、2 ’ -脫氧吱喃來蘇糖基。 於式lb、lib及II la之一般結構中,虛線意指於此等位置 -24- 200300692
(20) 有單或雙鍵之存在;雙或單鍵之相對位置之決定,藉由是 否R12與Rx取代基能產生酮基-稀醇互變異作用。 於式la與Ila之一般結構中,4至5位之虛線意指於此等 位置有單或雙鍵存在;雙或單鍵之相對位置之決定,藉由 是否1與r4取代基能產生酮基-稀醇互變異作用。 於式Illb之一般結構中,2至6位之虛線意指於此等位置 有單或雙鍵存在;雙或單鍵之相對位置之決定,藉由是否 Rl4、Rl5、Rl6、Ri7與Rl8取代基能產生酮基-稀醇互變異 作用。 於上式 1&、113、113、111)、111、111&與1111)之一般結構中, 醯基包括烷醯或芳醯基。烷基含1至8個C原子,特別是1 至4個C原子,視情況由1或多個適當取代基(如下述)取 代。芳基較好為苯基,且視情況由1或多個適當取代基(如 下述)取代。上述烯基及炔基含2至8個C原子,特別是2至6 個C原子,例如乙烯基或乙炔基含視情況由1或多個適當 取代基(如下述)取代。 於上述烷基、烯基、炔基及芳基上之適當取代基,選自 鹵素、羥基、Cm烷氧基、Cm烷基、C6_12芳基、C6_12芳 燒氧基、幾基、氰基、硝基、績酿胺基、橫酸醋、磷酸S旨、 磺酸、胺基及取代胺基,其中胺基由Ch4烷基單或雙取 代,及當雙取代時,烷基視情況連接形成雜環。 腺嘌呤部分之取代衍生物包括腺嘌呤1-化氧,1,Νό-(4-或5-取代之伸乙烯基)腺嘌呤;Ν6-取代腺嘌呤;或Ν-取代 8-胺基腺嘌呤,其中該取代基選自.:芳烷基基而芳 -25- 200300692
基部分視情況如下述官能化:烷基;及具官能基於其中之 烷基,如([6-胺己基]胺曱醯甲基)-、ω-醯基化胺基(羥基、 硫醇及羧基)烷基(C2_1G)-及彼等之ω-醯基化胺基(羥基、硫 醇及羧基)衍生物,其中之醯基選自但不限於乙醯基、三 氟乙醯基、苯醯基、取代苯醯基等,或羧酸部分以其酯或 醯胺衍生物存在,如乙酯或甲酯或其甲基、乙基或苯醯胺 基衍生物。ω-胺基(羥基、硫醇)部分可以Ci-4烷基使烷基
化。 通式III之聚磷酸二核甞包括四磷酸二核荅,選自P1/4-二(尿:y: 5’-)四磷酸、P1-(胞苷5’)-P4-(尿甞5,-)四磷酸;
P ^P4-二(腺嘗 5,-)P4-(尿甞 5’-)四磷酸;P1-(腺苷 5’-)-P4-(胞 芬5’-)四磷酸;Ρ\Ρ4-二(伸乙烯基腺甞)四磷酸;P1-(尿苷 核苷5’)-Ρ4-(胞甞5’-)四磷酸;Ρ1·(腺苷5’)-Ρ4-(肌苷5’-)四 鱗酸;Ρ、Ρ4-二(尿甞5’-)-Ρ2,Ρ3-亞曱基四磷酸;Ρ^Ρ4-二(尿 苷 5’-)-Ρ2,Ρ3-二氟亞甲基四磷酸;Ρ、Ρ4-二(尿甞 5·-)-Ρ2,Ρ3-醯亞胺四磷酸;Ρ 1,Ρ 4 - (4 -硫尿甞5 '-)-四磷酸;Ρ 1,Ρ5 -二(尿 苷5’-)五磷酸;Ρ、Ρ4-二(3,Ν4-伸乙烯基胞甞5*-)-四磷酸; Ρ 1,Ρ 4 -二(咪唑併[1,2 - c ]嘧啶-5 (6 Η)-酮-2 - (3 -硝基)苯基 呋喃核糖芬5’-)四磷酸;Ρ1-(肌甞5’)-Ρ4(尿甞51-) 四磷酸;Ρ1-(胞茹/3 -D-呋喃阿拉伯糖芸5、)-Ρ4-(尿甞5’-) 四磷酸;Ρ1-(尿芸5·-)-Ρ4-(黃嘌呤核甞5’-)四磷酸;Ρ1-^-脫氧尿:y:5’-)-P4-(尿甞5、)四磷酸;PL(3L疊氮基-3-脫氧 胸甞5’-)-P4-(尿甞51-)四磷酸;P'P4-二(3’-疊氮基- 3’-脫氧 胸站5’-)四磷酸;2’(3’)-苯醯基-?1,?4-二(尿甞5’-)四磷 -26- 200300692 (22) 酸;P1,?4-二[2’,(3’)-苯醯基尿芬5’-]四磷酸;P1-^’-脫氧 鳥芸5’-)-P4-(尿嘗5’-)四磷酸;脫氧腺苷5’-)-P4-(尿 茹5’-)四磷酸;脫氧肌芸5f)-P4-(尿茹5f-)四磷酸; Ρ1-。’-脫氧胞甞5f-)-P4-(尿甞5’-)四磷酸;Ρ1-^-硫尿甞 5·-)_ρ4-(尿:y:5f-)四磷酸;Ρ1·。-氮雜腺甞 5’-)-Ρ4-(尿芬5’-) 四磷酸;Ρ1-^-巯基嘌呤核甞5J-P4-(尿甞5、)四磷酸; Ρ1-。-巯基嘌呤核菩5’)-P4-(2f-脫氧尿甞5’-)四磷酸; pi-M-硫尿甞5’-)-P4-(胞苷-β-D-呋喃阿拉伯甞-5’)四磷 酸;P1-(腺苷5’-)-P4-(4-硫甲基尿甞5f-)四磷酸。Ρ1-^’-脫 氧腺荅5’-)-P4-(6-硫己基嘌呤核甞四磷酸;pi-(6-廿烷 氧基嘌呤核茹5’)-P4-(尿甞51-)四磷酸。 此外,通式III之聚磷酸二核苷包括三磷酸二核酸甞選 自:P^P3-二(尿荅5’-)三磷酸;P1-(胞甞5,-)-P3-(尿苷5f-) 三磷酸;P^P3-二(腺茹5’-)三磷酸;P1-(腺茹5f-)-P3-(尿苷 5’-)三磷酸;P1-(腺苷5f-)-P3-(胞甞5’-)三磷酸;P^P3-二(伸 乙烯基腺甞)三磷酸;P1-(尿甞5’- )- P3-(胸苷5、)三磷酸; P1-(腺 ^5’-)-Ρ3-(肌甞 5’-)三磷酸;P1,?3-二(尿荅 5’-)-?2,?3-亞甲基三磷酸;?1,?3-二(尿苷5'-?2,?3-二氟亞甲基 三磷酸);P^P3-二(尿甞5,-P2,P3·醯亞胺三磷酸);pi,P3-二(4-硫尿芸5’-三磷酸);Ρ、Ρ3-二(3,N4-伸乙烯基胞荅5·-) 三磷酸;P 1,P 3 -二(咪唑併[1,2 - c ]嘧啶-5 ( 6 Η)-酮-2 - (3 -硝基) 苯基- 6- /3-D-呋喃核茹5’-)三磷酸;Ρ1-(肌甞5·-)Ρ3-(尿苷 5,·)三磷酸Ρ 1 - (4 -硫尿:y: 5,-) Ρ3 -(尿苷5,-)三磷酸;Ρ 1 -(胞站 /3 -D-呋喃阿拉伯糖茹5’-)P3-(尿甞5·)三磷酸;P1-(尿苷 -27- 200300692
(23) 5f-)P3-(黃苷5f-)三磷酸;pi-p’ -脫氧基尿甞5,-)-P3-(尿苷 5’-)三磷酸;Ρ1-。’ -疊氮基_3f-脫氧胸甞5’-)-P3-(尿苷5f-) 三磷酸;2’,3f-苯醯基- P^P3-二(尿甞5’-)三磷酸;Ρ、Ρ3-二 ㈠^’-苯醯基尿荅卩’-丨三磷酸:卩^㈠’-脫氧鳥苷〗’-)?3^# 茹5,-)三磷酸;Ρ1-。,-脫氧腺甞5,-)Ρ3-(尿甞5’-)三磷酸; Ρ1-^’-脫氧肌苷5f-)P3-(尿甞5’-)三磷酸;Ρ1-。’-脫氧胞苷 5’-)P3-(尿苷5f-)三磷酸;P1-^-硫尿苷5,-)P3-(尿甞5’-)三 磷酸;Ρ1-。-硫尿甞5’-)P3-(尿甞5’-)三磷酸;P1-^-氮雜腺 钻5’-)P3-(尿苷5’-)三磷酸;P1-^-銃基嘌呤核甞5’-)P3-(尿 茹5’-)三磷酸;P1-。-巯基嘌呤核荅5’-)P3-(2-脫氧尿甞5’-) 三磷酸;P1-。-硫尿茹5f-)P3-(阿拉伯胞甞5’-)三磷酸; P1-(腺甞5’-)P3-(4-硫甲基尿甞5’-)三磷酸;P1-^-脫氧腺 ^5f-)P3-(6 -硫己基嘌呤核芬5’-)四磷酸;及P1-^-廿烷氧 基嘌呤核苷5^)P3-(尿苷5’-)三磷酸。 另外,通式III之聚磷酸二核芬包括化合物選自:P1-(尿 茹5’-)P2-(4-硫尿甞5,-)二磷酸;P^P5-二(尿甞5’-)五磷 酸;及P^P6 -二(尿茲5、)六磷酸。 較佳之核甞酸激動劑為水解抗性激動劑。一此類之水解 抗性激動劑為具經修飾之磷酸主鏈之核备酸,例如具亞甲 基、醯亞胺基或其他保護磷酸主鏈免易受水解之基之類似 物。二核芬酸亦由於缺乏末端礙酸基而對水解具抗性。某 些二核甞酸尤其對水解具抗性。例如P1-(胞站5、)-P4-(尿 钻5 ’ -)四磷酸比P 1,P 4 -二(尿铝5 ·-)四磷酸更具抗性。另夕卜, 置於鱗酸鏈末端之基,賦予一些抗水解之穩定性,例如簡 -28- 200300692
(24) 單之磷酸烷基酯(甲基、乙基、苄基等)或硫基(例如UTPyS) 。UP4U與dCP4U為較佳之核苷酸受體激動劑。 包含於本發明較佳實施例之化合物之製備,可藉由將 單、二或三磷酸核:y:,以縮合劑如而不限於羰基二咪唑或 二環己基碳化二亞胺,與相同或不同之第二分子之單、二 或三磷酸縮合,形成所需之聚磷酸二核苷酸。另外之製備 法為將磷酸核苷如上活化,與單、二或聚磷酸非核甞部 分,如而不限於單磷酸或焦磷酸陰離子依次縮合,產生所 須之聚磷酸二核甞,於此情形之無分離之中間物為聚磷酸 單核甞。另外之製備手法為將如上述活化或以醯函或其他 朝向親核性取代反應之衍生物形式之單、二或聚磷酸部 分,與磷酸或聚磷酸核甞依次縮合,產生所須之聚磷酸二 核苷。所須之聚磷酸二核荅之形成可藉由預先形成之聚磷 酸二核芬,於嗓呤、P密淀或碳水環上之部分加以取代或衍 生化之修飾作用而成。用為起始物之磷酸核甞可購得或可 以精於此道者熟知之方法,自對應之核荅製備。同樣地, 當核芸無法購得,則可藉由其他易得之核甞之修飾,或以 精於此道者熟知之方法自雜環與碳水前驅物合成製得。 熟練於此技藝者會了解可變化起始物及使用其他步 驟,製造包含於本發明之此實施例之化合物,證明於下面 實例中。於一些情形,可能必要保護某些反應性官能基, 以達成一些上述之轉化。一般而言,對此等保護基之須 求,對熟悉有機合成技藝以及附著與除去此等基所須之條 件之人士係顯然易知。 -29- 200300692 (25) 本發明化合物亦包括彼等之無毒性之醫藥上可接受之 鹽,如而不限於驗金屬.鹽如链、鋼或钾鹽;驗土金屬鹽如 鎂或鈣鹽;銨或四烷基銨鹽,亦即NX4+(其中X為Ci-4);或 上述之混合鹽。醫藥上可接受之鹽,為保留所須之親代化 合物之生物活性,而無賦予討厭之毒理學作用。本發明亦 包括本文揭示之化合物之酿化前體藥物。精於此道者將了 解各種合成之方法論,其可用來製備無毒性之化合物之醫 藥上可接受之鹽及醯化之前體藥物(國際專利第WO 96/40059、WO 96/02554A1、WO-A-981 5563 及 WO 98/55494 號, Theoclitou, et al., J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. I5 2009-2019 (1996) » Guranowski, et al., Nucleosides and Nucleotides 14, 731-734 (1995); Visscher,et al·,Nucleic Acids Research 20,5749-5752 (1992); Holler,et al·,Biochemistry 22,4924-4933 (1983); Orr· et al·, Biochem. Pharmacol. 673-677 (1988); Plateau,et al·,Biochemistry 24,914-922 (1985); Hagmeier,et al·,J· Chromatography 237, 1 74-177 (1982); Scheffzek,et al·,Biochemistry 35, 9716-9727 ( 1996); Stridh, et al.5 Antiviral Res., 97-105 (1981); Tarasova, et al., Chetn. Abs. 110, 154770 (1988); Hata, et al., Chem Lett. 987-990 ( 1976); Huhn,et al.,28,1959-1970 (1993); Tumanov,et al·,Chem· Abs l〇9-6867d (1987); Pintor, et al., Molecular Pharmacology 51, 277-284 (1997);及美國專利第 4,855,304 ; 5,635,160 ; 5 495,550 ;及 5,681,823號)。 本發明之方法有用於增進藥療之作用及目前用來治療 控制過敏與發炎痊癒之其他方法之作用。高劑量對一些 -30- 200300692 (26) 二 q 治療劑為必須,以達到使標的有效反應之本 σ里,但通常與
較高頻率之劑量有關之不利作用有關’或増力σ醫藥費用。 因此,合併使用本發明化合物與通常用來治療過=與發炎 之劑,如抗組織胺、解除充血劑、皮質類固醇及色甘酸鈉, 使此等之劑得以相當低之劑量。合併療法造成較低頻率之 不利副作用及與長期投與此等治療劑有關之較低費用。因 此,除了增進安全性以外,合併治療手法於藉由增進藥物 達到其標的部位之能力而增的療效上,亦為有利。 本發明化合物之醫藥用途,藉由對Ρ2Υ2與其他ρ2γ受體 活性之$ 肌醇測足法可指示。此廣泛使用之測定法,如
Lazarowski,et al. (1995)(Brit· J· Pharm. 116,1619-27)所述,依 靠測定磷酸肌醇之形成,作為化合物活化經由G -蛋白連 接於磷脂酶C之受體之活性之測量。 於作用部位之治療劑量為約10·9Μ至約ΙΟ^Μ之級,較佳 地於1〇·6至ΙΟ·%之範圍(美國專利第5,789,391 ; 5,900,407 ; 5 763 447號,及PCT國際專利W0 00/30629) °於作用部位達 到治癌:劑量所須之投藥劑量之計算,可由精於此道者基於 如於作用部位之分佈體積及預期之生體可用率之此等參 數之一般知識而決定。例如,為達到於肺部之治療劑量, 有效劑量範圍對單劑量於約0.01至約1000毫克之間,較好 於約〇1至約100毫克之間,最佳地於約0.5至約50毫克之 間。供眼表面用,所須劑量須降低50至1000倍’以達到同 等之治療程度,由於眼表面比較小之面積。 可與載劑物質混合產生單一劑量形式之活性成分量,依 •31 · 200300692
(27) 待治療之宿主及特別之投藥方式而異。然而,要了解的 是,對任何特定患者之特別劑量,依各種因素,包括所用 之特別化合物之活性、年齡、體重、一般之健康、性別、 飲食、投藥時間、投藥途徑及排泄速率、藥物使用及進行 治療之特別疾病之嚴重性而異,且可由精於此道者決定。 · 雖然本發明化合物主要與人類患者之治療有關,但彼等亦 . 可用於治療其他哺乳類患者如狗與貓供獸醫目的。 化合物之投藥 φ 式la、lb、Ila、lib或III化合物調配於含有該化合物或 其醫藥上可接受之鹽與視情況使用之醫藥可接受載劑之 醫藥調配物中。醫藥調配物於一些應用中,較好為滅菌調 配物。醫藥調配物藉各種投藥途徑,包括局部、口、腸外、 注射、鼻内或眼内途徑投藥,以接觸發炎及過敏反應之部 位。 局部投藥包括使用含活性化合物於生理學上相容之媒 劑中之溶液、明凝、懸浮液、乳霜或軟膏。凝膠或膠凍之 φ 製造使用合宜之膠凝劑,包括而不限於明膠、黃蓍膠或纖 維素衍生物,且可包含甘油為濕潤劑、軟化劑及防腐劑。 · 軟膏劑為半固體製劑,其由活性成分併入於脂、蠟或合成 ’ 之基劑中組成。合宜乳霜之實例包括而不限於油包水與水 包油型乳液。油包水型乳霜之調配,可藉由使用性質類似 但不限於脂醇如鯨蠟醇或鯨蠟硬脂醇之合宜乳化劑及乳 > 化蠟。水包油型乳霜可使用乳化劑如鯨蠟巨構醇乳化蠟調 配。合宜性質包括修飾乳液黏性及於廣範圍pH内之物化 •32- 200300692
(28) 穩定性之能力。水溶性或相容霜劑基劑,可含防腐系統且 亦可加以緩衝以維持可接受之生理學pH。 泡沫製劑可調配為經由合宜塗藥器,使用惰性推進劑, 自加壓之氣溶膠罐輸送。供泡沫基劑之調配之合宜賦形 齋J,包括而不限於丙二醇、乳化蠟、鯨蠟醇及硬脂酸甘油 醇酯可能之防腐劑包括對羥基苯甲酸甲酯及對羥基苯甲 酸丙酯。 局部投藥之另外方法為經由陰道輸送。陰道藥栓為具合 宜形狀供插入於陰道之固體單位劑量形式,且可由於體溫 融化或當與黏液分泌物接觸時溶解之基劑組成。合宜基劑 之實例包括而不限於可可油、合成脂肪基劑(例如衛普梭 (Witepsol)、聚乙二醇(巨構醇)及甘油栓劑基劑。陰道錠由 含於固體劑型基劑之活性成分所組成,基劑包括而不限於 如乳糖、微晶纖維素、玉米澱粉、硬脂酸鎂、二氧化矽及 經丙基甲基纖維素之賦形劑。 化合物以選自下列所組成之形式全身性投藥:呼吸用顆 粒之氣溶膠懸浮液;液體或液體懸浮液供以鼻滴劑或鼻噴 霧劑投藥;霧化液體供投與口或鼻咽氣道;口服形式;注 射用形式;栓劑形式;及經皮貼藥或經皮塾;致使治療上 有效量之該化合物與該患者之過敏反應與發炎部位,經由 全身性吸收及循環接觸。 此等方法之一包括呼吸用顆粒(包含患者吸入之活性化 合物)之氣溶膠混合物。治療化合物以醫藥上有效量,經 由肺吸收於血流中。呼吸用顆粒可為液體或固體,其粒徑 -33· 200300692 小 括 患 滴 化 已 式 劑 硬 合 或 供 毒 賦 酸 合 鎂 膜 段 酸 膠 mmmmi (29) 到吸入後足以通過口及咽喉;一般,顆粒大小範圍由約 L 1 0微米,但更佳為1-5微米被認為可供呼吸用。 輸送治療化合物至過敏反應及發炎部位之另外方法包 投與液體調配物之鼻滴劑形式之液體/液體懸浮液,或 者吸入之呼吸用顆粒之鼻噴霧劑。供製造鼻噴霧劑或鼻 劑之活性化合物之液體醫藥組合物之製備,藉由將活性 合物與合宜媒劑如滅菌、無熱原之水或滅菌鹽水,藉由 知於熟練此技藝者之技術混合。 全身性投與活性化合物之其他方法包括口服,其中含有 la、lb、Ha、lib與III之化合物之醫藥组合物,係以錠 、糖鍵、水性或油性懸浮液、分散性粉末或顆粒、乳液、 或軟膠囊、糖漿或酏劑或咀嚼用膠。供欲口服使用之組 物可依任何已知於技藝之方法製備;此等組合物可含一 多種選自甘味劑、橋味劑、著色劑及防腐劑之劑,以提 醫藥上優美與味美之製劑。可製備錠劑含活性成分與無 性之醫藥上可接受之適宜製造錠劑之賦形劑混合。此等 形劑可為例如惰性稀釋劑如碳酸約、竣酸鋼、乳糖、憐 鈣、或磷酸鈉;製粒及散劑例如玉米澱粉或褐藻酸;黏 劑例如澱粉、明膠或金合歡膠;及潤滑劑例如硬脂酸 、硬脂酸或滑石。錠劑可為未經塗膜或可以已知技術塗 以延遲於胃腸道内之崩散及吸收且因此提供較長之一 時間持續之作用。例如可使用延遲時間之物質如單硬脂 甘油酯或二硬脂酸甘油酯。供口服之調配物亦可以硬明 膠囊提供,其中活性成分與惰性固體稀釋劑如碳酸鈣、 -34- 200300692 (30) 磷酸劈或陶土混合,或以軟明膠膠囊提供’其中活性成分 與水或油介質混合,例如花生油、液體石蠟或橄欖油。 活性化合物亦町藉使用穿皮貼布或塾布之皮膚吸收輸 送至患者過敏反應及發炎部位。活性化合物經由皮膚吸收 入血流中。活性化合物之血漿濃度可藉使用含不同濃度之 活性化合物之貼亦控制° 活性化合物之全身性投藥至患者之過敏反應及發炎部 位之另外方法,包含活性化合物之检劑形式’致使治療上 有效量之化合物經由全身性吸收與循環達到過敏反應與 發炎之部位。 投與活性化合物之另外方法’包含治療上有效量之活性 化合物之凝膠、乳霜或液體懸浮液之手術期内滴注。 本發明另外藉由下面之處理實例說明’此等說明不應解 釋為限制描述彼等之特別程序之範圍。 實例 實例1 UP4U對於白化大鼠之眼部1型過敏(局部48/80模型) 之影響 將使用局部化合物4 8 / 8 0使眼部立即(1型)過敏之大鼠 模型用於測試抗發炎藥物(Feinberg and Stokes, Int. Arch. Allergy Appl. Immunol. 82(3-4): 537-8 (1987))。評估三種用於 眼表面發炎,尤其過敏性結膜炎之核准藥物,左卡也斯汀 (levocabastine)、酮替芬(ketotifen)及歐洛帕他汀(olopatadine) 之影響。 研究UP4U減輕化合物48/80對眼表面1型過敏之臨床表 -35- 200300692 (31) 徵之作用。每群1 0隻白化大鼠投與化合物或媒劑,每天4 次歷3天及第4天2次(最後投與於施以4 8 / 8 0之前2小時)。 於測試物質、測試物質媒劑、參考物質(〇·〇5%左卡巴斯汀 滴眼劑左弗他(LSvophta®) ; 0.025%酮替芬滴眼劑-雜滴妥 (Zadito,);及0.1%歐洛他汀滴眼劑-帕他諾(Patan〇1)TM)及負 對照動物(未處理及未施藥)之間做比較。 滴眼劑與測試物質滴注於各動物之右結膜囊。提起眼皮 後,經由微量滴管投與1 0微升,將調配之化合物或媒劑投 與眼球之最好利用之部分。令調配之化合物或媒劑慢慢地 自眼表面之頂部流至底部。藉由測量水腫、臨床計點及伊 凡(Evans)藍色染料之外滲(血液-眼皮及血液-眼球通透性 指數)評估效力。此模型以前已確效(Khosravi,et al.,Inflamm. Res· 44(1): 47-54 (1995)) 〇 圖1顯示UP4U減少血管滲漏及伊凡藍對以4 8 / 8 0處理眼 表面之大鼠之眼皮與眼球之外滲。UP4U引發之此等參數 之降低之大小,與三種參考對照組,左卡巴斯汀、酮替芬 及歐洛帕他汀為可比較的。 實例2 UP4U使用天竺鼠卵白蛋白模型於多次投藥後對主 動過敏性之影響 天竺鼠以卵白蛋白為抗原之眼主動過敏性之模型,供作 抗發炎及抗過敏藥之測試系統(Yamaji, et al.,Methods Find. Exp· Clin· Pharmacol· 19(9): 637-43 (1997))。使用實驗上引起 之天竺鼠之眼主動過敏性,研究化合物與媒劑對眼之作 用。 -36- 200300692
(32) 每組之白化天竺鼠以腹膜内注射卵白蛋白,接著1 4天 後,施以一次眼滴注卵白蛋白加以敏化。每天4次歷3天及 第4天2次(最後1次於施藥前2小時),將測試物質滴注於動 物之右結膜囊。藉由卵白蛋白免疫引發免疫反應,藉由眼 滴注卵白蛋白引發眼反應,藉以造成釋放過敏介質及眼水 腫。 藉量測水腫:臨床計點及伊凡藍染料之外滲(血液-眼皮 及血液-眼球通透性指數)之效力,於測試物質、測試物質 媒劑、參考物質(0.05%左卡巴斯汀眼滴劑-左弗他® ; 0.025% 酮替芬眼滴劑-雜滴妥® ;及0.1 %歐洛帕他汀眼滴劑-帕他 諾τΜ ;及陰性對照動物(未處理及未施藥)之間做比較。以 前已將此模型確效(Khosravi,et al·,Inflamm. Res. 44(1):47-54 (1995))。 圖2顯示UP4U於施以卵白蛋白之天竺鼠降低血管滲漏及 伊凡藍對眼球之外滲但對眼皮則無。UP4U-引發之於此等 對眼球之參數之降低之大小,與三種參考對照物左卡巴斯 汀、酮替芬及歐洛帕他汀為可比較的。 因此於過敏結膜炎之活體内模型,P2Y激動劑UP4U顯示 抵消前發炎標記。此等新穎之發現,與教示核甞酸受體激 動劑之前發炎作用之先前技術之觀察並不一致。 實例3 : UP4dC對人類鼻組織之作用(鼻噴霧STT試驗) 此實例使用糖精輸送時間(STT)試驗,證明鼻噴霧於人 之結果。STT包含將糖精之小粒置於鼻中之下鼻曱上,再 評估自放於鼻中直至於後咽部之舌頭上檢測到味道之時 -37- 200300692
(33) 間。糖精被輸送此段距離之速度為黏液纖毛廓清率之測 0 60位患者’30位健康之無鼻炎(NR)自願者與3〇位具常年 過敏性鼻炎(PAR)之患者,參與隨機、雙盲、單一中心、2 段交叉研究評估提高單一劑量之UPWC鼻噴霧以無防腐之 水性鼻噴務輸送。各患者於兩天之處理以隨機順序(交叉 設計)接受單一劑量(於各鼻孔2次喷霧,微升/噴霧)之 11?4(1(:與安慰劑(〇.9%重量/體積鹽水噴霧)。5組12位患者以 升高之順序接受5種濃度之UP4dC(5,1〇 , 2〇,4〇,及8〇 笔克/毫升)。各患者於各處理天投藥後之分與-分進 行STT(將糖精粒子於投藥後5與3〇〇分後置於鼻中,再記錄 嘗到味道之時間)。 觀察到UhdC處理與安慰劑比較時,縮短在嘗到糖精以 前之時間,證明UPWC增進黏液纖毛之廓清率。當將跨PAR 與NR之混合及跨UhdC之劑量匯集在—起時,以111>4此處 理之患者之平均STT於5分與5小時(300分)之評估,分別為 7.04(±6.06)與9.58(±10.30)分,相對於於相同時點之經安 慰劑處理患者之8.60(±7.37)與12.92(± 13 29)分。進行分析 排除那些STT值太大(<丨分)或太慢(>3〇分)者。此等情形被 視為誤差且可能為糖精粒子被不適當投與之結果。示於表 1者為此分析之結果’其中已除去偏離值。 •38 - (34) 200300692 表1 .跨所有匯隹、
STT ;-群組NR與PAR群之STT(無偏離值) i^dc 安慰 il i?iijp4dc 對 患者數目 平均(±SD) 300分 -5^(536) 58 8.58 (7.88) 0.197 患者數目 56 0.074 ~^άΙ{5.79) 10.88 (9.26) 平均值(土SD) 上面結果顯然今 <明UP4dC鼻噴霧於增進鼻内之黏液纖毛 廓清率之藥理作用 。此說明於結果中,有與無偏離值。 實例4 : UP4dC對人、丄 v〈常年過敏性鼻炎症候群之作用 此實例說明Up 4dC鼻噴霧於降低人之常年過敏性鼻炎 (P A R)症候群之效★ 刀。具PAR之患者整年遭受過敏性鼻炎之 症候群,由於彼菩番丄^ 寺對整年存在於家中及環境中之抗原,包 括塵蟎彳放菌及動物皮屑(狗、貓、蟑螂等)敏感。具pAR 之患者經驗鼻症候群包括鼻僵硬/充血、流鼻水、鼻後滴 液打貪雙及鼻癢。此等症候群於重要之效力試驗中,以 、’息鼻症候群計點(TNSS)評估,及藉由評估各個別症候群, 包括顏面疼痛/壓力與咳嗽之非鼻症候群。患者每天2次將 各個別症候由〇(無)至3(嚴重)之尺度分級,反映彼等醒後 (AM)與整天(PM)之症候群。 59位具有PAR病史文件之患者,參與隨機、雙盲、3中 心、平行組研究。於單盲安慰劑進行期間,證明中度至嚴 重症候後,將患者隨機地指定UP4dc鼻噴霧之三種濃度之 一(5毫克/毫升’ 1〇龛克/耄升及1克/毫升)或安慰劑 (0.9%重量/體積鹽水喷霧)歷6天’研究用藥每天2次,以無 •39· 200300692 (35) 防腐之水性鼻噴霧(為2次噴霧,每次噴霧為100微升)於各 鼻孔中輸送。 與安慰劑進行期間,有關整個6天處理期間之平均TNSS 之k:化示於表2。雖然接受活性化合物UP4dC之3組中無一 組與安慰劑組達到統計學上顯著不同,但活性處理組於 AM、PM及AM + PM分析中,一致地經驗到與安慰劑組比 較,較大地降低TNSS。此於10毫克/毫升UP4dC組中為最顯 著。匯集活性處理組相對於安慰組TNSS計點之比較,對 AM計點(p = 〇.139)接近統計學之有意性。 表2 評估 安慰劑 5毫克/毫升 UP4dC 10毫克/亳升 UP4dC 40毫克/毫升 UP4dC AM(0-15 尺標) 0.02 (1.88) -0.96 (2.08) -1.20 (2.00) 1.14(2.02) PM(0-15 尺標) -0.44(1.79) -0.94 (2.07) -1.26 (2.46) 1.01 (2.55) AM+PM(0-30 尺標) -0.61 (3.82) -2.02(4.31) -2.59 (4.50) 2.09 (3.99) TNSS之統計學上有意性降低、總症候群計點(所有鼻症 候群加非鼻症候群),及個別之症候群皆於個別日及以個 別劑量加以記錄。此等結果對如此小的樣本群,仍然令人 驚異。 表3指示於6天處理期間之任一天,提供統計學上與安慰 劑組比較,且顯著降低(ρ $ 〇·〇5)之症候及劑量混合。相反 地,於一夭(PM打噴嚏,第2天)觀察到安慰劑組有顯著之 症候降低。 -40- 200300692
(36) 表3 症候群 5毫克/毫升 UP4dC 10毫克/毫升 UP4dC 40毫克/毫升 UP4dC TNSS AM-第6天 PM-第5天 AM-第3天 、總、症候群計點 AM-第5與6天 PM-第5天 鼻阻塞/僵硬 AM-第4天 AM-第5天 鼻後滴液 AM-第4與6天 AM-第5與6天 AM-第5天 PM-第5天 鼻漏 PM-第5天 疼 AM-第6天 PM-第6天 AM-第3天 彦員面疼痛/壓力 AM-第1、3、5 天 PM-第1與2天 AM-第2,5至6天 PM-第1天 打噴嚏 咳漱
本發明及其製造與使用之方法與製程,現以如此完全、 清楚、精簡與實際用詞描述,使精於此有關技藝者,能夠 製造及使用。要了解的是,前面描述本發明之較佳具體實 施例,其中可加以修飾而無偏離本發明述於申請專利範圍 中之範圍。特別指出及明白地,將視為本發明之標題物 質,列為申請專利範圍,下面之申請專利範圍將本說明書 做一結論。 -41-
Claims (1)
- 200300692 拾、申請專利範圍 1. 一種供治療或預防炎性疾病之醫藥組合物,其包含有 效預防或治療炎性疾病之量之核嘗酸受體激動劑。 2 .根據申請專利範圍第1項之醫藥組合物,其中該治療為 緩解該炎性疾病之症候群及表徵。 3 .根據申請專利範圍第1項之醫藥組合物,其中該炎性疾 病係選自由鼻竇炎、鼻炎、結膜炎、氣喘、皮炎、炎 性腸病、炎性膠原血管病、絲球體性腎炎、炎性皮膚 病及肉狀瘤病所組成之群。 4 .根據申請專利範圍第1項之醫藥組合物,其中該炎性疾 病係由過敏或感染所引起。 5 .根據申請專利範圍第3項之醫藥組合物,其中該炎性疾 病為氣喘、過敏性鼻炎、過敏性皮炎、或過敏性結膜 炎。 6 .根據申請專利範圍第5項之醫藥組合物,其中該發炎性 鼻炎係常年性過敏性鼻炎、季節性過敏性鼻炎、或感 染性過敏性鼻炎。 7 .根據申請專利範圍第5項之醫藥組合物,其中該過敏係 炎性疾病為過敏性結膜炎。 8 .根據申請專利範圍第1項之醫藥組合物,其中該核甞酸 受體激動劑為P2Y受體激動劑。 9 .根據申請專利範圍第8項之醫藥組合物,其中該P2Y受 體激動劑為式I a或lb之二磷酸核甞或其醫藥上可接受 之鹽 200300692 式la 〇 〇r2 HO-P-RrP-〇n 祖 I 义1义2 HiTtH 式中: Xi與x2各分別為〇H、SH、0·或S·; Y為H或OH ; 1^為0、醯亞胺基、亞甲基或二鹵亞甲基; 112為Η、鹵素、芳基、烷基、烯基、炔基、取代芳 基、取代烷基、芳烷基、芳烯基、芳炔基、烷氧基、 硝基或疊氮基; R3為H、fe基、乙酷基、苯S&基、酿基、芳酿基、 芳烷基,或當N-3與C-4之間有雙鍵時則不存在;及 114為-OR’、-SRf、NHR”或 NR’Rn,其中 R/為 Η、烷基、 取代烷基、芳基、取代芳基或芳烷基;及R ”為Η、烷 基、取代烷基、芳基、取代芳基、芳烷基、烷氧基或 芳氧基;其限制條件為當R4以雙鍵結合於嘧啶環之4 位之C時,ΙΓ則不存在;或R”不存在,及NR/R"之R/與 R3—起為- CH = CH-形成由N-3至N-4之環而於N-4與C-4 之間具雙鍵;視情況伸乙晞環之4 -或5 -位之Η,分別以 烷基、取代烷基、芳基、取代芳基、烷氧基、硝基、 200300692鹵基或疊氮基取代; SibOH Y 式中ζ Ri、Xi、Χ2與Υ如式la中所定義; Rh為H、Cl、胺基、單取代胺基、二取代胺基、烷 硫基、芳硫基、或芳烷硫基,其中S上之取代基含高達 10個C原子,有或無不飽和; R! 2為羥基、烯基、酮基、胺基、銃基、硫酮、烷硫 基、芳硫基、芳垸硫基、酿硫基、燒氧基、芳氧基、 醯氧基、單取代烷胺基、雜環基、單取代環烷胺基、 單取代芳烷胺基、單取代芳胺基、二芳烷胺基、二芳 胺基、二烷胺基、醯胺基、或二醯胺基; Rx為〇、Η或不存在; R12與Rx視情況一起形成1,Ν6-伸乙烯基腺嘌呤衍生 物之5員稠合咪唑,視情況於伸乙烯部分之4或5位以烷 基、芳基、硝芳基、函芳基、芳燒基或燒氧基部分取 代; 200300692R13為Η、疊氮基、烷氧基、芳氧基、芳烷氧基、烷 硫基、芳硫基、或TCCw烷基)OCONH(CN6烷基)W-其中 T與W分別為胺基、銥基、羥基或羧基;或其醫藥上可 接受之酯、醯胺或鹽;或不存在;及 J為C或N,其限制條件為當J為N時R i 3不存在; 其中燒基、烯基、块基及芳基視情況以低碳燒基、 芳基、胺基、單或二烷胺基、N02、N3、氰基、羥基、 致基、醯胺基、續醯胺基、績酸、磷酸或ώ素取代。 10. 根據申請專利範圍第9項之醫藥組合物,其中該二磷酸 核荅為二磷酸5’ -尿甞、二磷酸5’ -腺甞或二磷酸5f-胞苷 〇 11. 根據申請專利範圍第8項之醫藥組合物,其中該P2Y受 體激動劑為式Ila或lib之三磷酸核苷或其醫藥上可接 受之鹽: 式Ila式中: Χι、X2及X3各分別為OH、SH、0·或S-; Y為Η或OH ;200300692 1^為ο、醯亞胺基、亞甲基或二鹵亞甲基; R2為Η、鹵素、芳基、烷基、取代芳基、取代烷基 、芳燒基、晞基、块基、燒氧基、硝基或疊氮基; R3為Η、燒基、乙酿基、苯酿基、Β盛基、芳臨基、 芳烷基或當Ν-3與C-4之間有雙鍵時則不存在;及 R4 為-OR·、-SR’、NR” 或 NR’Rf·,其中 R’與 R” 分別為 Η、 烷基、取代烷基、芳基、取代芳基、芳烷基、烷氧基 或芳氧基;其限制條件為當R4以雙键結合於嘧啶環之4 位之C時,則R’不存在;或N ^之R’、R”與R3—起為 -CH = CH形成由N-3至N-4之環而於N-4與C-4之間具雙 鍵;視情況該伸乙烯環之4或5位之Η分別以烷基、芳 基、烷氧基、硝基、鹵基或疊氮基取代; 式lib式中: Ri、Χι、Χ2、Χ3及Υ如式Ila中所定義; R i i為Η、C1、胺基、單取代胺基、二取代胺基、烷 硫基、芳硫基或芳烷硫基,其中S上之取代基含高達1 0 個C原子,有或無不飽和; 200300692R i 2為羥基、烯基、酮基、胺基、巯基、硫酮、烷硫 基、芳硫基、芳燒硫基、St硫基、燒氧基、芳燒氧基 、醯氧基、單取代烷胺基、雜環基、單取代環烷胺基 、單取代芳烷胺基、單取代芳胺基、二芳烷胺基、二 芳胺基、二fe胺基、S盈胺基或二醒胺基; Rx為Ο、Η或不存在; R12與Rx視情況一起形成1,Νό-伸乙晞基腺嘌呤衍生 物之5員稠合咪唑環,視情況於伸乙烯基部分之4或5 位以烷基、芳基或硝芳基、函芳基、芳烷基或烷氧基 部分取代, R13為Η、疊氮基、燒氧基、芳氧基、芳虎氧基、燒 硫基、芳硫基或芳烷硫基或T(CN6烷基)OCONH(Cn6烷基 )W-其中T與W分別為胺基、巯基、羥基或羧基;或其 醫藥上可接受之酯、醯胺或鹽;或不存在;及 J為C或N,其限制條件為當J為N時,R i i不存在; 其中烷基、烯基、炔基及芳基視情況以低碳烷基、 芳基、胺基、單或二燒胺基、no2、n3、氰基、經基、 羧基、醯胺基、磺醯胺基、磺酸、磷酸或鹵基取代。 12. 根據申請專利範圍第1 1項之醫藥組合物,其中該三磷 酸核芸酸為尿芬5’-三磷酸、腺:y:5’·三磷酸、胞芬5、三 磷酸、或4 -硝苯基伸乙烯基胞甞5 ’ -三磷酸。 13. 根據申請專利範圍第8項之醫藥組合物,其中該P2Y受 體激動劑為式III之聚磷酸二核荅或其醫藥上可接受之 200300692 式III式中z X為ο、亞甲基、二鹵亞甲基或醯亞胺基; · η = 0,1或 2 ; m = 0,1 或 2 ; n+m=0, 1, 2, 3或4; Z = H或 OH ; Z,= H 或 OH ; Y = H 或 OH ; Y,= H 或 OH ; 其中Z,Z’,Y或Y’中至少一個為OH;及 春 Β與Β'各分別為嘌呤殘基或嘧啶殘基,分別如式111 a 與Illb中所定義,分別經由9或1位連接; 式 Ilia式中:200300692 Rh為H、Cl、胺基、單取代胺基、二取代胺基、烷 硫基、芳硫基或芳烷硫基,其中S上之取代基含高達1 0 個C之原子,有或無不飽和; R 1 2為經基、晞基、酮基、胺基、鏡基、硫酮、燒硫 基、芳硫基、芳烷硫基、醯硫基、烷氧基、芳氧基、 芳烷氧基、醯氧基、單取代烷胺基、雜環基、單取代 環烷胺基、單取代芳烷胺基、單取代芳胺基、二芳烷 胺基、二芳胺基、二烷胺基、醯胺基、或二醯胺基; Rx為Ο、Η或不存在; R i 2與R X視情況一起形成1,Ν6 -伸乙晞基腺嘌呤衍生 物之5員稠合咪唑,視情況於伸乙烯基部分之4或5位以 烷基、芳基、硝芳基、齒芳基、芳烷基或烷氧基部分 取代; R! 3為Η、疊氮基、烷氧基、芳氧基、芳烷氧基、烷 硫基、芳硫基或芳烷硫基,或T(CN6烷基^CONHfw 烷基)W-其中T與W分別為胺基、巯基、羥基或羧基; 或其醫藥上可接受之酯、醯胺或鹽;或不存在;及 J為C或N,其限制條件為當J為N時,R i 3不存在; 式 Illb200300692 式中: R14為酮基、羥基、巯基、硫酮、胺基、氰基、c7_12 、 芳烷氧基、CN6烷硫基、CN6烷氧基、CN6烷胺基或二Ci.4 ^ 烷胺基,其中該烷基視情況連接形成雜環; R i 5為Η、乙醯基、苯醯基、烷基、醯基、芳醯基、 * 芳烷基、烷醯基、芳醯基或當Ν-3與C-4之間有雙鍵時 · 為不存在; R16為羥基、酮基、巯基、硫酮、Cm烷氧基、C7.12 # 芳烷氧基、CN6烷硫基、S-苯基、芳硫基、芳烷硫基、 芳烷硫基、三唑基、胺基、CU5二取代胺基、Cw烷胺 基、或二烷胺基,其中該二烷基視情況雜環或連 接形成取代之環;或 r15與r16—起於嘧啶環之3與4位之間形成3,Ν4-伸乙 烯基胞甞衍生物之5員稠合咪唑環,其中該伸乙晞基部 分視情況於4或5位以C i _4烷基、苯基、芳烷基或硝苯 基取代; _ R17為Η、羥基、氰基、硝基、Ci.6烷基、C2.8晞基、 C2-8玦基、苯基、鹵素、cf3、晞丙胺基、溴乙稀基、 丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸;或 R16與R17—起形成經由R16上之N或〇或S鍵結之5或6 、 員飽和或不飽和環;該環視情況含官能取代基;及 Ri 8為Η、胺基、烷胺基、醯胺基、二-Ci 一烷胺基、 C!_4烷氧基、C7.12芳烷氧基、Cm烷硫基、C7.12芳烷硫 基、羧醯胺甲基、羧甲基、甲氧基、甲硫基、苯氧基 200300692 申請專利旄圍續頁 或苯硫基;其限制條件為當R i 8為胺基或取代胺基,R i 7 為Η ; 、 其中之烷基、烯基、炔基及芳基視情況以低碳烷基 _ 、芳基、胺基 '單或二烷胺基、νο2、Ν3、氰基、羥基 、致基、醯胺基、續醯胺基、續酸、鱗酸或齒基。 ‘ 14. 根據申請專利範圍第13項之醫藥組合物,其中式III之 * 糖部分為吱喃糖基或脫氧咬喃糖基部分。 15. 根據申請專利範圍第1 4項之醫藥組合物,其中該糖部 _ 分,選自下列所組成之群:呋喃核糖基、2 ^脫氧呋喃 核糖基、3 ’ -脫氧吱喃糖基、2 ’,3 ’ -脫氧吱喃核糖基、吱 喃阿拉伯糖基、3、脫氧呋喃阿拉伯糖基、呋喃木糖基 、2 f -脫氧呋喃木糖基及呋喃來蘇糖基。 16. 根據申請專利範圍第1 3項之醫藥組合物,其中通式III 之該聚磷酸二核甞為四磷酸二核芸,選自下列所組成 之群:pi,P4-二(尿甞5’-)四磷酸、P1(胞甞5,)-P4-(尿甞 5 ’ -)四磷酸;P 1,P4 -二(腺苷5 f -)四磷酸;P 1 (腺甞5、)- P4 - ( φ 尿苷5、)四磷酸;P1-(腺茹5f-)-P4-(胞苷5f-)四磷酸; p^p4-二(伸乙晞腺茹)四磷酸;p1-(尿:y: 5f-)-P4-(胸甞5’-) ^ 四磷酸;P1-(腺甞5,-)-P4-(肌芬5,-)四磷酸;P1,?4-二( 1 尿:y:5’-)-P2,P3-亞甲基四磷酸;Ρ、Ρ4-二(尿甞 5’-)-P2,P3- ^ 二氟亞甲基四磷酸;P'P4 -二(尿^5、)-P2,P3 -醯亞胺基 四磷酸;P、P4-二(4-硫尿甞5’-)-四磷酸;Ρ、Ρ5-二(尿甞 5’-)五磷酸;Ρ^Ρ4-二(3,Ν4-伸乙烯基胞芸5’-)-四磷酸; Ρ^Ρ4-二(咪唑併[l,2-c]嘧啶- 5(6Η)-酮- 2-(3-硝基)苯基 -10- 200300692-6-β-ϋ-呋喃核糖芬5’-)四磷酸;P1-(肌甞5J-P4-(尿芸5’-) 四磷酸;P1-(胞甞β-D-呋喃阿拉伯糖苷5,-)-P4-(尿甞5,-) 四磷酸;P1-(尿甞5f-)-P4-(黃嘌呤核甞5’-)四磷酸;pi(2·-脫氧尿甞5,-)-P4-(尿甞5,-)四磷酸;pi(3’ -疊氮基- 3,-脫 氧胸^5’-)-P4-(尿苷5f-)四磷酸;P^P4-二(3’-疊氮基- 3’-脫氧胸甞5’-)四磷酸;2’(3’)-苯醯基-P1,?4-二(尿甞5f-) 四磷酸;P1,?4-二[2',(3*)-苯醯基尿芸5f-]四磷酸;P1-^-脫氧鳥甞5’-)-P4-(尿甞5’-)四磷酸;P1-。’-脫氧腺苷 5·-)·ρ4-(尿:y:5’-)四磷酸;P1-^-脫氧肌苷5’)-P4-(尿甞 5’-)四磷酸;P1-^’-脫氧胞甞5’-)_P4-(尿站5’-)四磷酸; PU4-硫尿甞5、)-P4-(尿苷5’-)四磷酸;Ρ1-。-氮雜腺苷 5、)-p4-(尿:y: 5’-)四磷酸;Ρ1-。-巯基嘌呤核甞5’)-P4-( 尿茹5’-)四磷酸;P1-。-巯基嘌呤核站5·)-Ρ4-(2、脫氧尿 茹5、)四磷酸;Ρ1-。-硫尿茹5’-)-Ρ4-(胞苷-石-D-呋喃阿 拉伯糖荅-5’)四磷酸;Ρ1-(腺荅5^)-Ρ4-(4-硫甲基尿茹 5·-)四磷酸。Ρ1-^-脫氧腺苷5·-)-Ρ4-(6-硫己基嘌呤核 甞四磷酸;pi-(6-廿烷氧基嘌呤核甞5J-P4-(尿甞5、) 四磷酸。 17.根據申請專利範圍第1 6項之醫藥組合物,其中該P2Y受 體激動劑係選自下列所組成之群:P1-(2、脫氧胞苷 5’-)-?4-二(尿芸5’-)四磷酸;?1,?4-二(尿甞5’-)四磷酸; P1-(腺 ^5’-)-P4-(尿苷 5·-)四磷酸;P1-(腺甞 5’-)-P4-(肌 甞5·-)四磷酸;P^P4-二(尿甞5’-)-P2,P3-二氟亞甲基四 磷酸;P^P4-二(4-硫尿苷5’-)四磷酸;P1-(肌甞5’-)P4-( 200300692尿苷5'-)四磷酸;P1-。’-脫氧尿甞5’-)-P4·(尿甞5’-)四磷 酸;P1-^-脫氧鳥甞5f-)-P4-(尿苷5’-)四磷酸;, 脫氧肌嘗5’)-P4-(尿甞5’-)四磷酸;硫尿芬 ^ 5’-)_p4-(尿:y:5、)四磷酸;及 P1-(腺甞 5f-)-P4-(4-硫甲基 尿嘗5’-)四鱗酸。 < 18. 根據申請專利範圍第17項之醫藥組合物,其中該P2Y受 * 體激動劑係選自下列所組成之群:P1-。’-脫氧胞铝 5’-)-?4-(尿甞5|-)四磷酸;卩1,?4-二(尿芸5,-)四磷酸;?1-( φ 腺苷5’-)-P4-(尿苷5’-)四磷酸;P1-(肌苷5’-)-P4-(尿苷5’-) 四磷酸;Ρ1-。,-脫氧鳥荅5,-)-P4-(尿苷5,-)四磷酸;及 pi-P,-脫氧肌甞5,-)-P4-(尿甞5,-)四磷酸。 19. 根據申請專利範圍第13項之醫藥組合物,其中通式III 之該聚磷酸二核芸為三磷酸二核芸選自下列所組成之 群:P'P3-二(尿苷5’-)三磷酸;P1-(胞苷5f-)-P3-(尿钻5’-) 三磷酸;P 1,P3 -二(腺芸5,-)三磷酸;P 1 -(腺芬5,-) - P3 -( 尿:y:5’-)三磷酸;P1-(腺:y:5,)-P3-(胞芸5’-)三磷酸; Φ p^p3·二(伸乙晞腺:y:)三磷酸;P1·(尿:y:5’)-p3-(胸甞5’-) 三磷酸;P^P3-二(伸乙烯腺茲)三磷酸;P1-(尿甞5*)-P3-( 1 胸苷5 ’ -)三磷酸;P 1 -(腺芸5 ’)- P3 -(肌芸5 ’ -)三磷酸; pi,p3-二(尿苷5’-)P2,P3-亞甲基三磷酸;Ρ、Ρ3-二(尿茹 · 5、;?2,1>3-二氟亞甲基三磷酸);1)1,1>3_二(尿茹5,-?2,?3-醯亞胺基三磷酸);Ρ^Ρ3-二(4-硫尿甞5、三磷酸);Ρ^Ρ3-二(3,Ν4-伸乙晞胞甞5’-)三磷酸;Ρ^Ρ3-二(咪唑併[l,2-c] 嘧啶- 5(6H)-酮- 2·(3-硝基)苯基-6- /3 -D-呋喃核糖甞5’-) -12- 200300692 三磷酸;P1-(肌甞5’-)P3-(尿甞5f-)三磷酸;Ρ1-^-硫尿 甞5 ’ -) Ρ3 -(尿甞5 ’ -)三磷酸;Ρ 1 -(胞苷/3 - D -呋喃阿拉伯 糖甞5’-)Ρ3-(尿甞5f)三磷酸;Ρ1·(尿甞5’-)Ρ3-(黃嘌呤核 甞5f-)三磷酸;Ρ1-。’ -脫氧基尿甞5、)-Ρ3-(尿苷5’-)三磷 酸;Ρ1·^1-疊氮基- 3’-脫氧胸甞5’-)-Ρ3-(尿甞5’-)三磷酸 ;Ρ^Ρ3 -二(3· -疊氮基- 3’-脫氧胸甞5’-)三磷酸;2f(3’)-苯醯基-P^P3-二(尿苷5f-)三磷酸;P1,?3-二(2f,3’_苯醯 基尿:y:5’-)三磷酸;脫氧鳥甞5f-)P3-(尿甞5f-)三 磷酸;P1-^、脫氧腺苷5f-)P3-(尿苷5’-)三磷酸;P1-。1-脫氧肌荅5’-)P3-(尿苷5、)三磷酸;P1-^’-脫氧胞苷 5’-)P3-(尿苷5’-)三磷酸;P1-。-硫尿荅5f-)P3-(尿芸5’-) 三磷酸;P 1 - ( 8 -氮雜腺甞5 ’ -) P3 -(尿苷5 1 -)三磷酸;P 1 - (6 -巯基嘌呤核苷5’-)P3-(尿芸51-)三磷酸;P1-。-巯基嘌呤 核甞5’-)P3-(2-脫氧尿苷5、)三磷酸;P1-”-硫尿甞 5’-)P3-(阿拉伯糖胞甞5’-)三磷酸;P1-(腺甞5·-)Ρ3-(4-硫甲基尿芸5’-)三磷酸;Ρ1-。^脫氧腺甞5·-)Ρ3-(6-硫己 基嘌呤核苷5^)四磷酸;及Ρ1-^ -廿烷氧基嘌呤核芸 5’-)Ρ3-(尿苷5’-)三磷酸。 20. 根據申請專利範圍第1 3項之醫藥組合物,其中通式III 之該聚磷酸二核甞係選自下列所組成之群:Ρ 1 -(尿甞 5·-)ρ2-(4-硫尿甞5'-)二磷酸;Ρ^Ρ5-二(尿甞5’-)五磷酸 ;及?1,?6 -二(尿嘗5·-)六鱗酸。 21. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之醫藥組合物,其中該核:y:酸 受體激動劑係與常用來治療炎性疾病之治療劑一併投 -13- 200300692藥。 22. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之醫藥組合物,其中該組合物 卜 係以含活性化合物於生理學上可相容之載劑中之選自 _ 溶凌、凝膠、懸浮液、乳霜、軟膏所組成之群之形式 局部投藥。 < 23. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之醫藥組合物,其中該組合物 i 係以選自供呼吸用顆粒之氣溶膠懸浮液、供作為鼻滴 劑或鼻噴霧投藥之液體或液體懸浮液、供投藥至口或 修 鼻咽氣道之霧化液體、口服形式、注射形式、栓劑形 式及穿皮貼布或穿皮墊所組成之群之形式系統性投 藥。 24. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之醫藥組合物,其中該組合物 係以選自凝膠、乳霜及液體懸浮液形式所組成之群之 形式直接手術期内滴注。-14-
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| WO2003028712A2 (en) * | 2001-09-28 | 2003-04-10 | Universite Libre De Bruxelles | Purinergic and pyrimidinergic receptor agonists for the treatment of activated cd4+ t lymphocyte-mediated immune diseases |
| WO2004075906A1 (ja) * | 2003-02-26 | 2004-09-10 | Regenetiss Co., Ltd. | 抗炎症剤及び抗炎症性医療材料 |
| GB0417886D0 (en) * | 2004-08-11 | 2004-09-15 | Univ Cardiff | Method and means for enhanced pulmonary delivery |
| SE529064C2 (sv) * | 2005-01-03 | 2007-04-24 | Selectica Pharmaceuticals Ab | Topiska kompositioner |
| GB0502250D0 (en) * | 2005-02-03 | 2005-03-09 | Ic Vec Ltd | Use |
| WO2007041495A2 (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2007-04-12 | University Of California, San Diego | Dampening humoral and innate immunity by inhibition of ppgalnact-1 |
| US8618074B2 (en) * | 2007-03-15 | 2013-12-31 | Board Of Regents Of The University Of Texas System | GPCR enhanced neuroprotection to treat brain injury |
| US8168597B2 (en) * | 2008-10-22 | 2012-05-01 | Inspire Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Method for treating cystic fibrosis |
| GB201209244D0 (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-07-04 | Globalacorn Ltd | Compositions |
| US10111904B2 (en) * | 2013-01-09 | 2018-10-30 | Berlock Aps | Micron-sized gold, kit comprising said gold and its use as a non-toxic immune suppressor |
| US20150031712A1 (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2015-01-29 | Moshe Rogosnitzky | Therapeutic Compositions Containing Dipyridamole and Treatment Packs Including Such Compositions and Methods for Producing Same |
| GB201320962D0 (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2014-01-08 | Globalacorn Ltd | Compositions |
| GB201320959D0 (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2014-01-08 | Globalacorn Ltd | Compositions |
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| US5292498A (en) | 1991-06-19 | 1994-03-08 | The University Of North Carolina At Chapel Hill | Method of treating lung disease with uridine triphosphates |
| US6255059B1 (en) | 1993-03-31 | 2001-07-03 | Cadus Pharmaceutical Corporation | Methods for identifying G protein coupled receptor effectors |
| US5656256A (en) | 1994-12-14 | 1997-08-12 | The University Of North Carolina At Chapel Hill | Methods of treating lung disease by an aerosol containing benzamil or phenamil |
| US6147056A (en) * | 1995-06-06 | 2000-11-14 | Trustees Of Boston University | Use of locally applied DNA fragments |
| US5635160A (en) | 1995-06-07 | 1997-06-03 | The University Of North Carolina At Chapel Hill | Dinucleotides useful for the treatment of cystic fibrosis and for hydrating mucus secretions |
| US5628984A (en) | 1995-07-31 | 1997-05-13 | University Of North Carolina At Chapel Hill | Method of detecting lung disease |
| US6423694B1 (en) | 1996-02-21 | 2002-07-23 | Inspire Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Method of treating otitis media with uridine triphosphates and related compounds |
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| US5837861A (en) | 1997-02-10 | 1998-11-17 | Inspire Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Dinucleotides and their use as modulators of mucociliary clearance and ciliary beat frequency |
| US5900407A (en) | 1997-02-06 | 1999-05-04 | Inspire Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Method of treating dry eye disease with uridine triphosphates and related compounds |
| US5789391A (en) | 1996-07-03 | 1998-08-04 | Inspire Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Method of treating sinusitis with uridine triphosphates and related compounds |
| US5968913A (en) | 1996-07-03 | 1999-10-19 | Inspire Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Pharmaceutical compositions of uridine triphosphate |
| US5763447C1 (en) | 1996-07-23 | 2002-05-07 | Inspire Pharmaceuticals | Method of preventing or treating pneumonia in immobilized patients with uridine triphosphates and related compounds |
| AU4978897A (en) | 1996-10-08 | 1998-05-05 | Inspire Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Method of early lung cancer detection via sputum induction and analysis of sputum to detect cancer associated substances |
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| US6159952A (en) * | 1996-11-07 | 2000-12-12 | Inspire Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Method of treating bronchitis with uridine triphosphate and related compounds |
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| US20040241149A1 (en) * | 2001-09-05 | 2004-12-02 | Claudio De Simone | Use of unmethylatd cpg |
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- 2002-11-06 EP EP02789499A patent/EP1450820A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-11-06 CA CA002465894A patent/CA2465894A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-11-06 US US10/290,213 patent/US7256183B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-11-06 KR KR1020047006855A patent/KR20050043761A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-11-06 CN CNA028267281A patent/CN1612739A/zh active Pending
- 2002-11-06 MX MXPA04004215A patent/MXPA04004215A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2002-11-06 WO PCT/US2002/035775 patent/WO2003039473A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-11-06 BR BRPI0213897-2A patent/BR0213897A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-11-06 JP JP2003541765A patent/JP2005532254A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1450820A2 (en) | 2004-09-01 |
| EP1450820A4 (en) | 2009-02-18 |
| AR037263A1 (es) | 2004-11-03 |
| CN1612739A (zh) | 2005-05-04 |
| KR20050043761A (ko) | 2005-05-11 |
| MXPA04004215A (es) | 2004-07-08 |
| US7256183B2 (en) | 2007-08-14 |
| JP2005532254A (ja) | 2005-10-27 |
| CA2465894A1 (en) | 2003-05-15 |
| US20030125299A1 (en) | 2003-07-03 |
| WO2003039473A3 (en) | 2003-10-23 |
| BR0213897A (pt) | 2006-05-23 |
| WO2003039473A2 (en) | 2003-05-15 |
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