TR2024015748U5 - CARIES TOOTH TREATMENT EDUCATION MODEL - Google Patents
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Abstract
Buluş, diş hekimliği eğitimi alanında öğrenciler tarafından restoratif diş hekimliği (ç ürüklü diş tedavisi) eğitiminde kullanılan ve restoratif diş tedavisi uygulamalarının, insan anatomisine uygun veya benzer yapay dişlerin (40) üzerinde gerçekleştirilmesini sağlayan bir eğitim modeli ile ilgilidir.The invention relates to an educational model that is used by students in the field of dentistry education in restorative dentistry (treatment of decayed teeth) education and that enables restorative dental treatment applications to be performed on artificial teeth (40) that are suitable for or similar to human anatomy.
Description
TARIFNAME ÇÜRÜKLÜ DIS TEDAVISI EGITIM MODELI Teknik Alan Bulus, dis hekimligi egitimi alaninda ögrenciler tarafindan restoratif dis hekimligi (çürüklü dis tedavisi) egitiminde kullanilan bir egitim modeli ile ilgilidir. Bulus özellikle, restoratif dis tedavisi uygulamalarinin, insan anatomisine uygun veya benzer yapay dislerin üzerinde gerçeklestirilmesini saglayan bir egitim modeli ile Teknigin Bilinen Durumu Dis hekimligi ögrencileri pratik yaparlarken kullandiklari egitim materyallerini fantom kafanin agzina monte ederek insan agzinda çalismayi simüle etmektedir. Günümüzde fantom çene olarak tabir edilen plastik alt ve üst çene iIe yapay dislerden olusan modeller, dis hekimligi egitiminde en yaygin olarak kullanilan modellerdir. Mevcut teknikte dis hekimligi egitiminde kullanilan yapay disler, insan anatomik formuna uygun olmayip, restoratif dis tedavisi (çürüklü dis tedavisi) egitimine özel olarak tasarlanmamistir. Bu nedenle mevcut uygulamalarda egitim sirasinda ögrencilerin diste bulunan çürük yapisini üç boyutlu olarak düsünebilmesini saglayan uygun bir yapay model bulunmamaktadir. Bu da ögrencinin gerçek hastada tedaviye basladiginda yeterince tecrübesinin olmamasina yol açmaktadir. Ögrencilerin restoratif dis tedavisi egitimini gerçek disler (çekilmis insan disi) kullanarak almalari da ögrenci sagligi açisindan sakincalidir. Çünkü bu disler çürük yapilari, sagliga zararli mikrop ve bakteriler içerebilmektedir. Bu nedenle teknigin bilinen durumunda restoratif dis tedavisi (çürüklü dis tedavisi) egitimine özel bir egitim modeline ihtiyaç duyulmustur. Literatürde yapilan arastirmada teknigin bilinen durumuna bir örnek olarak US4968256 numarali doküman gösterilebilir. Bahsi geçen doküman, dislerle donatilmis bir üst çene modeli ve dislerle donatilmis bir alt çene modelinden olusan, dis egitimi ve uygulama amaçlari için yapay bir dis protezi-kafatasi ile ilgilidir. Bahsi geçen alt çene modeli, çene modellerinin her iki tarafina yerlestirilmis iki çene baglantisi araciligiyla pivot hareketi için üst çene modeliyle baglantilidir. Böylece alt çene modeli, çene baglantilarina ait ve üst çene modelindeki bir eklemleme kutusunda düzenlenmis bir eklemleme yolu içinde yönlendirilen bir eklemli bilye ile donatilmistir. Insan kafasinin mümkün olan en kesin egitimu için dis protezi-kafatasi ayrica bir beyin kafatasi bölümü ve ayrica bir oraI veya agiz açikligina sahip cep seklinde bir kaplama ile donatilmis ve böylece birfantom kafanin olusmasi saglanmistir. Ancak bahsi geçen dis protezi-kafatasinda, restoratif dis tedavisine yönelik çürük dis bulunmamaktadir. Sonuç olarak yukaridaki problemlerin varligi ve mevcut çözümlerin yetersizligi, ilgili teknik alanda bir gelistirme yapmayi zorunlu kilmistir. Bulusun Amaci Mevcut bulus yukarida bahsedilen dezavantajlari ortadan kaldiran ve ilgili teknik alana yeni avantajlar getiren çürüklü dis tedavisi egitim modeli ile ilgilidir. Bulusun ana amaci, restoratif dis tedavisi uygulamalarinin, insan anatomisine uygun veya benzer yapay dislerin üzerinde gerçeklestirilmesini saglayan bir egitim modeli ortaya koymaktir. Bulusun amaci, Dis hekimligi egitimi alan ögrencilerin restoratif dis tedavisi egitiminde dis çürügünün anatomik yapisini ögrenmesine fayda saglayan bir egitim modeli ortaya koymaktir. Bulusun bir diger amaci, ögrencinin dis çürügü ile ilgili üç boyutlu algisinin olusmasina yardimci olan ve dis çürügünün tedavi asamalarinin ögretilmesini saglayan bir egitim modeli ortaya koymaktir. Bulusun bir diger amaci, ögrenciye gerçek hastada tedavi yapmadan önce gerçege uygun pratik yapma olanagi saglayan bir egitim modeli ortaya koymaktir. Bulusun bir diger amaci, yapi itibariyle (rengi, dokusu, sertligi) dogal formlara uygun çürük dis sayesinde gerçek disin tedavisindeki hissiyati taklit eden bir egitim modeli ortaya koymaktir. Bulusun bir diger amaci, restoratif dis hekimligi egitiminde gerek duyulacak bütün dis modellerine adapte edilebilen bir egitim modeli ortaya koymaktir. Bulusun bir diger amaci, ögrencilerin ayni çene yapisi üzerinde restoratif dis tedavisine ait bütün egitim senaryolarini görmesini saglayan bir egitim modeli ortaya koymaktir. Yukarida belirtilen ve detayli anlatimdan çikabilecek tüm amaçlari yerine getirebilmek üzere bulus; dis hekimligi egitimi alaninda ögrenciler tarafindan restoratif dis hekimligi (çürüklü dis tedavisi) egitiminde kullanilan ve gerçek yetiskin ve çocuk dis anatomisini taklit eden üst çene ve alt çenenin en dis tarafinda yetiskin ve çocuk çene kemigi yapisini taklit eden sabitIeme bölümü, sabitIeme bölümüne birlesik yapida ve insanda bulunan alt ve üst damak yapisini taklit eden damak bölümü, damak bölümü içerisine siki geçme yaparak takilip çikarilabilen ve yetiskin ve çocuk insan anatomisine uygun formda opak veya seffaf yapida dis içeren, bir egitim modeli olup, - disin üzerinde yer alan ve restoratif dis tedavisi egitimi yapilmasini saglayan çürük yapisi içermesi ile ilgilidir. Bulusun yapisal ve karakteristik özellikleri ve tüm avantajlari asagida verilen sekiller ve bu sekillere atifIar yapilmak suretiyle yazilan detayli açiklama sayesinde daha net olarak anlasilacaktir. Bu nedenle degerlendirmenin de bu sekiller ve detayli açiklama göz önüne alinarak yapilmasi gerekmektedir. Bulusun Anlasilmasina Yardimci Olacak Sekiller Sekil 1: Bulus konusu egitim modelinin görünümüdür. Sekil 2: Bulus konusu egitim modeline ait sabitIeme bölümünün alttan görünümüdür. Sekil 3: Bulus konusu egitim modeline ait disin görünümüdür. Sekil 4: Bulus konusu egitim modeline ait disin sabitIeme bölümüne yerlestirilmis halinin kesit görünümüdür. Parça Referanslarinin Açiklanmasi 10a. Üst çene 10b. Alt çene . Sabitleme bölümü 21. Somun 22. Yerlestirme boslugu . Damak bölümü 40. Dis 41. Mine katmani 42. Pulpa 43. Dentin katmani 44. Pulpa odasi 45. Kök kanali 46. Sabitleme çikintisi .Çürük yapisi Bulusun Detayli Açiklamasi Bu detayli açiklamada, bulus konusu egitim modelinin tercih edilen alternatifleri, sadece konunun daha iyi anlasilmasina yönelik olarak ve hiçbir sinirlayici etki olusturmayacak sekilde açiklanmaktadir. Sekil 1'de bulusa konu egitim modelinin genel görünümü verilmistir. Buna göre egitim model en temel halinde; yetiskin ve çocuk dis anatomisini taklit eden üst çene (10a) ve alt çenenin (10b) en dis tarafinda bulunan ve yetiskin ve çocuk çene kemigi yapisini taklit eden sabitleme bölümü (20), sabitleme bölümü (30) içerisine siki geçme yaparak irtibatlanan ve insanda bulunan alt ve üst damak yapisini taklit eden damak bölümü (30), damak bölümü (30) içerisine takilip çikarilabilen ve yetiskin ve çocuk insan anatomisine uygun formda dis (40) içermektedir. Bulusa konu egitim modelinin ana yapisini olusturan üst çene (10a) ve alt çene (10b) temel olarak çene kemigi yapisini taklit eden sabitleme bölümü (20) ve üzerine üst ve alt dislerin (40) insan anatomisine uygun bir sekilde yerlestirildigi alt ve üst damak yapisini taklit eden damak bölümünden (30) olusmaktadir. Üst çene (10a) ve alt çenenin (10b) en dis tarafinda yer alan sabitleme bölümü (20), yetiskin ve çocuk insanda bulunan çene kemigi yapisini taklit eden bölümdür. Sekil 2'de görüldügü üzere sabitleme bölümünün (20) alt yüzeyinde, üst çene (10a) ve alt çenenin (10b) egitim esnasinda fantom kafa agzina irtibatlanmasini saglayan en az bir somun (21) ve üst çene (10a) ve alt çenenin (10b) fantom kafa agzinda dönmesini engelleyen karsilikli içe dogru girintili yerlestirme boslugu (22) bulunmaktadir. Bahsi geçen somun (21), tüm fantom kafalara uygun yapidadir. Sabitleme bölümü (20), somunu (21) sabit tutacak ve üst çene (10a) ve alt çenenin (10b) fantom kafaya irtibatlanmasini saglayan sertlik ile mukavemete sahiptir. Sabitleme bölümü (20) içerisine, insanda bulunan alt ve üst damak yapisini taklit eden damak bölümü (30) irtibatlanmistir. Üst çene (10a) ve alt çenenin (10b) sabit olmasi ve çalisma sirasinda uygulanan kuvvetler karsisinda stabil olmasi önemli oldugundan söz konusu damak bölümü (30), sabitleme bölümü (20) içerisine siki geçme yaparak sabitlenmektedir. Buna uygun olarak damak bölümü (30), dislerin (40) çikarilip takilabilmesi için gerekli esneklige sahip olup, islem sirasinda olusan kuvvetler karsisinda stabil olabilecek kadar mukavemetli ve sert yapidadir. Damak bölümü (30) içerisine siki geçme yaparak veya vidalanarak takilip çikarilabilen disler (40), yetiskin ve çocuk insan anatomisine uygun formdadir. Disler (40) opak veya seffaf yapida olabilir. Dislerin (40) yetiskin ve çocuk insan anatomisine uygun formda olmasini saglamak üzere dislerin (40) disinda, en sert katmani taklit eden mine katmani (41 ), dislerin (40) kanal tedavisine uygun olarak sinir yapisini taklit eden pulpa (42), disin (40) içinde pulpa (42) ve disinda mine katmanini (41) bulunduran dentin katmani (43), disin (40) kronal bölümünde yer alan ve pulpanin (42) en genis oldugu alani olusturan pulpa odasi (44) ve disin (40) kök bölgesinde yer alan pulpanin (42) bulundugu kök kanalina (45) sahiptir. Dislerin (40), damak bölümüne (30) saglam bir sekilde irtibatlanmasi için iki kenarinda sabitleme çikintilari (46) bulunmaktadir. Ayrica disler (40) üzerinde, restoratif dis tedavisi egitimi yapilmasi amaciyla çesitli çürük yapilari (47) da bulunmaktadir. Bu çürük yapilari (47), disin (40) türüne göre farkli sekil, boyut ve konumda olabilir. Bulusa konu egitim modeli, restoratif dis hekimligi egitiminde gerek duyulacak bütün dis (40) modellerine göre revize edilebilmektedir. Örnegin; üst çene (10a) veya alt çene (1 Gb) içerisinde anatomik olan veya talebe göre anatomik olmayan restoratif dis hekimligi tedavisi egitiminde kullanilabilecek farkli sekil, boyut ve konumda çürük yapilarina (47) sahip veya kirik herhangi bir renkte ya da tamamen seffaf disler (40) kullanilabilmektedir. Böylece ögrencinin üst çene (10a) veya alt çene (10b) üzerinde restoratif dis tedavisine ait bütün egitim senaryolarini görmesi saglanmaktadir. Bulusun alternatif bir yapilanmasinda pulpa odasi (44) ve kök kanali (45) tamamen bosluk seklinde olabilir. Bulusun alternatif bir yapilanmasinda dislerin (40) yapisindaki mine katmani (41), pulpa (42), dentin katmani (43), pulpa odasi (44) ve kök kanalinin (45) tamami veya en az biri bulunabilir. Bulusa konu egitim modeli, fantom kafanin agzina somun (21 ) vasitasiyla sabitlenerek insan agzinda restoratif dis tedavisi uygulamalarinin insan anatomisine uygun veya benzer yapay dislerin (40) üzerinde gerçeklestirilmesini saglamaktadir. Söz konusu egitim modelinde, çürük yapisina (47) sahip tüm disler (40), restoratif dis hekimligi (çürüklü dis tedavisi) egitiminin amacina uygun olarak standart hale getirilen üst çene (10a) ve alt çeneye (1 Gb) takilip çikarilabilmektedir. TR TR TR TR TR TR TR TRDESCRIPTION CARIOUS TOOTH TREATMENT EDUCATION MODEL Technical Field The invention relates to an educational model used by dentistry students in the field of restorative dentistry (treatment of carious teeth). Specifically, the invention relates to an educational model that enables restorative dental treatment procedures to be performed on artificial teeth that are appropriate for or similar to human anatomy. Current State of the Art Dentistry students simulate working in the human mouth by mounting the educational materials they use during their practice on the mouth of a phantom head. Today, models consisting of plastic upper and lower jaws and artificial teeth, referred to as phantom jaws, are the most widely used models in dentistry education. The artificial teeth used in dentistry education are not adapted to the human anatomical form and are not specifically designed for restorative dental treatment (treatment of carious teeth). Therefore, current practices lack a suitable artificial model that allows students to visualize the carious structure of the tooth in three dimensions during training. This leads to insufficient experience for students when they begin treatment on a real patient. Receiving restorative dental treatment training using real teeth (extracted human teeth) is also unsafe for students' health, as these teeth can contain carious structures and harmful microbes and bacteria. Therefore, a specialized training model for restorative dental treatment (treatment of carious teeth) is needed in the current state of the art. Document number US4968256 can be cited as an example of the state of the art in the literature. The document in question concerns an artificial dental prosthesis-skull for dental training and practice purposes, consisting of an upper jaw model equipped with teeth and a lower jaw model equipped with teeth. The lower jaw model is connected to the upper jaw model for pivoting movement via two jaw connectors positioned on either side of the jaw models. Thus, the lower jaw model is equipped with an articulated ball bearing, which is guided within an articulation path of the jaw connectors and arranged in an articulation box in the upper jaw model. For the most precise training of the human head, the dental prosthesis-skull is also equipped with a cerebral cranium and a pocket-shaped enclosure with an oral or mouth opening, thus enabling the creation of a phantom head. However, the aforementioned dental prosthesis-skull does not contain any carious teeth suitable for restorative dental treatment. Consequently, the existence of the aforementioned problems and the inadequacy of existing solutions have necessitated development in the relevant technical field. Purpose of the Invention: The present invention relates to a carious tooth treatment training model that eliminates the aforementioned disadvantages and introduces new advantages to the relevant technical field. The main purpose of the invention is to develop a training model that enables restorative dental treatment applications to be performed on artificial teeth that are compatible with or similar to human anatomy. The purpose of the invention is to develop an educational model that helps dental students learn the anatomical structure of dental caries during their restorative dental treatment training. Another aim of the invention is to develop an educational model that helps students develop a three-dimensional perception of dental caries and enables them to learn the stages of dental caries treatment. Another aim of the invention is to develop an educational model that provides students with realistic practice opportunities before performing treatment on a real patient. Another aim of the invention is to develop an educational model that mimics the sensation of treating a real tooth by using a decayed tooth whose structure (color, texture, and hardness) is similar to natural forms. Another aim of the invention is to develop an educational model that can be adapted to all dental models required in restorative dentistry education. Another aim of the invention is to develop an educational model that allows students to experience all educational scenarios related to restorative dental treatment on the same jaw structure. In order to fulfill all the purposes that can be derived from the detailed explanation and stated above, the invention is an educational model that is used by students in the field of dentistry education in restorative dentistry (treatment of carious teeth) and that imitates real adult and child dental anatomy and that has a fixation section that imitates the adult and child jaw bone structure on the outermost side of the upper and lower jaw, a palatal section that imitates the lower and upper palate structure found in humans and that is combined with the fixation section, and that can be attached and removed by making a tight fit into the palate section and that contains an opaque or transparent tooth in a form suitable for adult and child human anatomy, - is related to the carious structure located on the tooth and that enables restorative dental treatment education. The structural and characteristic features of the invention and all its advantages will be understood more clearly thanks to the figures given below and the detailed explanation written by making references to these figures. For this reason, the evaluation should be made by taking these figures and the detailed explanation into consideration. Figures that will help in understanding the invention Figure 1: View of the training model which is the subject of the invention. Figure 2: Bottom view of the fixation section of the training model which is the subject of the invention. Figure 3: View of the tooth of the training model which is the subject of the invention. Figure 4: Sectional view of the tooth of the training model which is the subject of the invention placed in the fixation section. Explanation of Part References 10a. Upper jaw 10b. Lower jaw. Fixation section 21. Nut 22. Locating gap. Palate section 40. Tooth 41. Enamel layer 42. Pulp 43. Dentin layer 44. Pulp chamber 45. Root canal 46. Fixation ridge. Caries structure Detailed Description of the Invention In this detailed description, the preferred alternatives of the education model which is the subject of the invention are explained only for the purpose of a better understanding of the subject and in a way that does not create any limiting effect. A general view of the education model which is the subject of the invention is given in Figure 1. Accordingly, the education model in its most basic form; The upper jaw (10a) which imitates the adult and child tooth anatomy and the fixation section (20) which is located on the outermost side of the lower jaw (10b) and which imitates the adult and child jaw bone structure; the palate section (30) which is connected by a tight fit into the fixation section (30) and imitates the lower and upper palate structure found in humans; the tooth (40) which can be inserted and removed into the palate section (30) and which is in a form suitable for adult and child human anatomy. The upper jaw (10a) and lower jaw (10b), which constitute the main structure of the training model which is the subject of the invention, basically consist of the fixation section (20) which imitates the jaw bone structure and the palate section (30) which imitates the lower and upper palate structure on which the upper and lower teeth (40) are placed in a way suitable for human anatomy. The fixation section (20), located on the outermost side of the upper jaw (10a) and lower jaw (10b), is the section that mimics the jawbone structure found in adults and children. As seen in Figure 2, the lower surface of the fixation section (20) includes at least one nut (21) that allows the upper jaw (10a) and lower jaw (10b) to be connected to the phantom head mouth during training, and a reciprocally recessed insertion cavity (22) that prevents the upper jaw (10a) and lower jaw (10b) from rotating in the phantom head mouth. The nut (21) in question is suitable for all phantom heads. The fixation section (20) has the hardness and strength to hold the nut (21) in place and to connect the upper jaw (10a) and lower jaw (10b) to the phantom head. The palate section (30), which mimics the upper and lower palate structures found in humans, is connected to the fixation section (20). Because it is important for the upper jaw (10a) and lower jaw (10b) to be stable and to withstand the forces applied during operation, the palate section (30) is fixed by a tight fit within the fixation section (20). Accordingly, the palate section (30) has the necessary flexibility to allow the removal and installation of teeth (40) and is strong and rigid enough to be stable against the forces generated during the operation. The teeth (40), which can be installed and removed by a tight fit or by screwing into the palate section (30), are shaped to suit adult and pediatric human anatomy. The teeth (40) can be opaque or transparent. In order to ensure that the teeth (40) are in a form suitable for adult and child human anatomy, the teeth (40) have an enamel layer (41) that imitates the hardest layer on the outside; the pulp (42) that imitates the nerve structure in accordance with the root canal treatment of the teeth (40); the dentin layer (43) that contains the pulp (42) inside the tooth (40) and the enamel layer (41) outside; the pulp chamber (44) located in the coronal part of the tooth (40) and forming the area where the pulp (42) is the widest; and the root canal (45) where the pulp (42) is located in the root region of the tooth (40). There are fixing protrusions (46) on both sides to ensure a solid connection of the teeth (40) to the palatal part (30). Additionally, various carious structures (47) are present on the teeth (40) for the purpose of restorative dental treatment training. These carious structures (47) can vary in shape, size, and location depending on the type of tooth (40). The educational model in question can be revised to accommodate all tooth (40) models required for restorative dentistry training. For example, teeth (40) with carious structures (47) of various shapes, sizes, and locations within the upper jaw (10a) or lower jaw (1 Gb) can be used for anatomical or, if desired, non-anatomical restorative dentistry training, and can be broken or completely transparent, of any color. This allows the student to experience all educational scenarios related to restorative dental treatment on the upper jaw (10a) or lower jaw (10b). In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the pulp chamber (44) and the root canal (45) may be completely hollow. In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the enamel layer (41), pulp (42), dentin layer (43), pulp chamber (44), and root canal (45) of the teeth (40) may be present, or at least one of them. The training model in question is fixed to the mouth of the phantom head by means of a nut (21) and enables restorative dental treatment applications in the human mouth to be performed on artificial teeth (40) that are suitable for human anatomy or similar. In the training model in question, all teeth (40) with caries (47) can be attached and removed to the standardized upper jaw (10a) and lower jaw (1 Gb) for the purpose of restorative dentistry (treatment of carious teeth) training. TR TR TR TR TR TR TR TR
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TR2024015748U5 true TR2024015748U5 (en) | 2024-11-21 |
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