TR2024000977U5 - CARBON FIBER COMPOSITE SYSTEM SUPPORTED WITH STEEL NETWORK OBTAINED BY VACUUM INFUSION METHOD - Google Patents

Abstract

Composite materials are materials created by combining two or more materials with different properties. The production and use of these materials provide many advantages. The invention was developed using the vacuum infusion technique for the aim of developing lightweight and superior materials with superior durability, primarily for the defense industry. The invention consists of two types of systems. The first type of material is produced by arranging 2 layers of carbon fiber fabrics in different directions [0/90]s. The second type of material was created by adding a steel mesh mesh layer to the same arrangement as type 1. Therefore, two types of material configurations were prepared: without steel mesh and with steel mesh. Both systems can be used for different purposes. The first type is suitable for light materials, the second type is suitable for systems requiring high strength by being reinforced with steel mesh where weight is not important.

Description

DESCRIPTION CARBON FIBER COMPOSITE SYSTEM SUPPORTED WITH STEEL MESH OBTAINED BY VACUUM INFUSION METHOD TECHNICAL FIELD The invention consists of a steel knitted mesh symbolized by (1), a carbon fiber fabric symbolized by (3) and (1), and a system in which the matrix material impregnated by (2) is present. The matrix material consists of two materials, filler and stiffener. Araldite LY 8601 resin was used as the matrix material. Aradur 8602, which has hardener properties, was used in the resin at a rate of 25% by weight. The steel knitted mesh is of AISI 304 quality, and the mesh surface is smooth, has high hardness, low deformation rate, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and flexibility. Steel knitted mesh has the skin-like properties of a diaphragm, which can create a flat surface, but it can also be shaped into three-dimensional shapes such as funnels, cylindrical, or spherical. Multifunctional steel knitted mesh technology, combined with stainless steel rope, rods, or suitable tubes, provides a protective and supportive structure for end connectors. Steel knitted mesh is manufactured from high-quality AISI 304, a bright, stainless steel material. Rope wall thickness should be between 0.1 m and 3 mm. Carbon fiber fabric is used as reinforcement material. Carbon fiber fabric is generally 100 cm wide. It can be made to any desired length. It is produced from high-strength 12k 800 teX carbon fiber yarn, offering high performance, rigidity, and strength. Data calculated using the hand-laying method is based on a 35% volumetric fiber density. The resin is 400 g/m2, 12K-TWILL weave. It's suitable for very strong, thin sheets. It's ideal for applications like defense industry vehicles and security equipment, wings, propellers, and more, where lightness and strength are crucial. It's a material manufactured to aerospace standards. Carbon fiber is looser than the most commonly used patterned textures, making it easier to fold and bend when laminating into mold surfaces with curves and contours. Carbon fiber's high strength, low weight, and low thermal expansion properties have made it popular in civil engineering, aircraft and spacecraft parts, automotive parts, race car bodies, golf clubs, bicycle frames, and fishing rods. Araldite LY 8601 resin was used as the matrix material. Aradur 8602 hardener was mixed into the resin at a 25% weight ratio. Airtech ST-12K-T480 carbon fiber reinforcement material was selected as the fiber material. Table 1: Physical and mechanical properties of the matrix material... ASTM Test Test Values Physical/Mechanical Properties Standard Araldite® Aradur®8602 LY8601 Glass Graphite Specific Gravity (gr/cm3) D-792 1.12 - - Maximum % Elongation D-638 6 1.6 1 Coefficient of Thermal Expansion, mm/mm/OF D-3386 42 X 10'6 - - (-300 to 30 0C) o C, and test values after 7 days of curing period. The invention enables the production of a composite material with all components, using the vacuum infusion technique. Vacuum Infusion Method is a production method generally used in the production of composite materials. This method is widely used, particularly in the marine, automotive, and aviation industries. The basic principles of the vacuum infusion method are: Mold Preparation: The first step is to prepare the mold for the desired final product. The mold usually consists of two parts, and the composite material will be placed inside. Resin and Fiber Placement: The fiber-reinforced resin used to create the composite material is placed neatly in the mold. Fiber reinforcements are usually materials such as carbon fiber, glass fiber, or aramid fiber. Vacuum Bag Placement: After the composite material and resin are arranged, a vacuum infusion bag (or vacuum bag) is placed in the mold. This bag is used to create a vacuum and allow the resin to disperse throughout the material. Vacuum Creation: The vacuum infusion process begins by reducing the air pressure within the vacuum bag. This allows the resin to spread throughout the material, prevent air bubbles from forming, and completely saturate the fiber reinforcements. Resin Infusion: Under vacuum, the resin is infused into the mold. This occurs thanks to the pressure difference created by the vacuum. The resin is saturated with fiber reinforcements, giving the material the desired properties. Polymerization and Solidification: After the resin is infused, the material undergoes polymerization and solidifies. This phase ensures the composite material gains its strength and structural properties. Removal and Processing: Finally, the formed composite product is removed from the mold. Additional processing can then be applied if desired, such as cutting, shaping, or sizing. The vacuum infusion method is used to produce homogeneous fiber-reinforced composite materials. Materials produced using this method are generally lightweight, strong, and durable. KNOWN STATE OF THE TECHNOLOGY: Composite materials have a long history of use throughout history. Nature has been making composites naturally for millions of years. Therefore, the history of composites is perhaps as old as life on Earth. Most plant parts are made into embedded fiber structures for improved mechanical properties. While their exact origins are unknown, it's safe to say that composite materials were used for a variety of reasons. For example, the Israelites used straw to reinforce adobe bricks, while the Ancient Egyptians discovered that wood could be rearranged to achieve superior strength and resistance to thermal expansion. Medieval swords and armor were constructed from layers of different metals. Japanese samurai made swords using laminated metals in the fifteenth century. Concrete, filled rubber, and phenolic resins were developed in the early twentieth century. The development of a process for manufacturing fiberglass led to the development of composites during World War II. The combination of fiberglass and plastic resulted in an incredibly strong material called FRP. This material was used in the early stages of development to make aircraft radomes. Military applications of polymer matrix composites during World War II led to large-scale commercial exploitation after the war, particularly in the naval industry, in the late 1940s and early 1950s. The rapid growth of composites science and technology occurred in the United States and Europe in the 1950s and began to mature in the 1970s. Composite materials have become fully established as processable engineering materials and are now widespread, particularly in structural applications. They have gained widespread acceptance and are replacing traditional materials wherever possible. Composite materials are superior engineering materials obtained by combining a polymer-based matrix resin, which is resistant to environmental conditions, flexible, and has binding properties, with reinforcing fibers such as glass, carbon, and/or Kevlar, which provide high mechanical strength. Composite materials have undergone significant development over the last 25-30 years, becoming widely used in our daily lives and in nearly every field of industry. Polymeric composite materials such as elastomers, thermosets, and thermoplastics are commonly used in industrial product designs. Today, fiber-reinforced resin matrix composite materials, due to their balance of weight and strength, play a significant role in weight-sensitive applications such as aircraft and spacecraft. These materials are preferred in sectors such as air and space transportation because they have high strength-to-weight and stiffness-to-weight ratios. The use of composite materials has been determined as ten different fields: electrical/electronics, building and public works, road transportation, rail transportation, maritime transportation, cable transportation, air transportation, space transportation, general engineering sector, sports and leisure. Their uses in electrical/electronics have been specified as insulation for electrical construction, supports for circuit breakers, supports for printed circuit boards, armored box covers, antenna radomes, cable ducts and wind turbines. Building and public works consist of residential cells, chimneys, concrete molds, swimming pools, facade panels, profiles, partitions, doors, furniture and bathrooms. In road transportation; It is used for wheels, guards, radiator grilles, transmission shafts, suspension springs, bottles for compressed gas, chassis, suspension arms, bodies, cabins, seats, road tankers, isothermal trucks and trailers. In rail transportation; it is used in the front of locomotives, wagons, doors, seats, interior panels, ventilation and structural parts. In maritime transportation; it is used in rescue boats, patrol boats, trawlers, anti-mine ships, racing sailboats, tour boats and canoes. Cable transportation includes aerial tramways and gondola lifts. In air transportation; all composite gliders, all composite light aircraft and drones, many aircraft components: vertical and horizontal tail planes, wing boxes, leading edges, ailerons, flaps, center wing boxes, keel ribs, fuselages, radomes, doors, aircraft brake discs, many helicopter components: wings, main rotors, tail rotors, transmission shafts, cabins, tails, aircraft engines: propellers, wings, cowlings, fan housings, thrust reversers. Space transportation includes gears, bearing housings, actuator housings, robotic arms, flywheels, machine tool shells, pipes, components of drawing tables, compressed gas bottles, pipes for offshore platforms, radial ply tires. Sports and recreation include; These materials include tennis and squash rackets, fishing rods, skis, poles for pole vaulting, windsurfing boards, sailboats, skateboards, bows and arrows, javelins, protective helmets, bicycles, golf clubs, oars, and raceboats. The properties of composite materials generally depend on the component properties, their proportions, bonding properties, and the geometry and orientation of the reinforcement material. There are a wide variety of matrix and reinforcement materials used in composite structures. By combining these materials in different combinations, composite materials are used in many different areas (Kaya et al., 2015). Composite materials have become highly preferred in the automotive, marine, aerospace, textile, and defense industries due to their compatibility with traditional production methods and the ability to allow for specialized production methods. According to data from the Composite Industrialists Association (2021), the growth in demand for the global advanced composite materials market largely depends on the performance of the following applications. The shares of these application segments in the overall global advanced composite materials market, in terms of volume (million pounds) and value (million dollars), as of 2019, were as follows: Aerospace and defense: 335% by volume and 54.1% by value; Automotive: 104% by volume and 53% by value; Electrical and electronics: 6.9% by volume and 4.2% by value; Construction: 4.4% by volume and 33% by value; and Marine: 13% by volume and 13% by value. Matrix and Fiber Components in Composite Materials Different shapes and types of materials are preferred as reinforcement in composite materials. Reinforcements include fibers, chopped strands, whiskers, ceramic and metal particles, and layers. These reinforcements can be used together in configurations. Composite materials are defined by the reinforcement types used. The main function of the reinforcement element is to support the load and increase the material volume by forming the matrix of the composite structure. Composite materials are composed of different geometric components that provide mechanical strength. They are also composed of polymeric, metal, or ceramic materials that hold the components together. Composite materials contain different materials in their structures. Therefore, different factors are used in their classification. The most common classification is generally based on the matrix and reinforcement material they contain. Metal Matrix Composites Metal matrix composite materials are composites of various metals and metal alloys. The second phase, embedded within the metal-based structure, has various geometric shapes. Metal-based materials offer advantages over the materials they reinforce. The high modulus of elasticity of ceramics and the plastic deformation properties of metals create materials that are resistant to wear and have high tensile strength. Metal-matrix composites have been the subject of research since the 1970s. They possess properties that make them advantageous over non-composite materials, including a combination of properties developed for structural applications, aerospace, automotive, and household products. Examples include increased strength-to-weight ratio, high toughness and impact resistance, high elastic modulus, high surface toughness, low sensitivity to thermal shock, low susceptibility to surface defects, and good wear resistance. These improved properties make metal-matrix composites ideal for advanced engineering applications. Because machining represents the leading cost associated with manufacturing a product, "Design for Machining" is a key criterion in determining the appropriate use of these materials. While efforts have been made to develop near-network manufacturing of components, some secondary machining processes, such as drilling, are required for joining and assembly purposes. Metal-matrix composites have the potential to replace cast iron and other materials in engines and brakes due to their low density, high strength-to-weight ratio, high temperature resistance, and excellent creep, fatigue, and wear resistance. Metal-matrix composites typically considered for automotive applications contain silicon carbide (SiC), aluminum oxide (AlzO3), or other ceramic particles, or short fibers of a lightweight alloy such as aluminum, magnesium, or titanium. Metal-matrix composites have been developed for use in diesel engine pistons, cylinder liners, brake drums, and brake rotors. Other potential applications where MMCs are being tested include connecting rods, piston pins, and drive shafts. A major obstacle to their wider adoption is their high cost. Metal Matrix Composite Types 1. Ceramic Matrix Composites Ceramic matrix composites are a unique and relatively new class of structural materials and are technical ceramics. Depending on the processing method and the type of interfacial phase, a wide range of mechanical and thermophysical properties can be achieved. All ceramic matrix composite materials are characterized by a porous and/or microcracked matrix, high anisotropy, and high fracture toughness. They consist of ceramic fibers embedded in a ceramic matrix, forming a ceramic fiber-reinforced material. Although brittle in nature, ceramic matrix composites are robust due to the effective design of the fiber-matrix interface, which arrests and deflects cracks in the matrix, preventing the failure of the fibrous reinforcement. Ceramic matrix composites are used in extreme conditions, making their tribological response a significant issue. The major disadvantage of ceramic matrix materials is their brittleness. Besides being fragile, they often lack uniformity in properties. They have low thermal and mechanical shock resistance, as well as low tensile strength. Therefore, ceramics' biggest disadvantage is their brittleness. 2. Fiber-Reinforced Composite Materials The advent of fiber-reinforced composite materials has represented a major breakthrough in lightweight structural design. Significant benefits have been achieved, particularly in the aerospace sector, where they meet stringent reliability demands and demanding performance requirements. Nearly all aerospace structural components—fighter fuselages, helicopters, control surfaces and winglets in civil aircraft, various panels on satellites, antennas, rocket engine casings, and some complete fuselages of small aircraft—are witnessing the increasing use of advanced composites. A key technological advancement, revised on August 16, 2004, that has significantly contributed to this growth in composites is the development of strong and stiff fibers such as glass, carbon, and aramid, coupled with concurrent advances in polymer chemistry. The versatility of carbon fiber technology, particularly with its diverse properties, has played a key role in this growth. The most widely used class of composites for load-bearing structural applications is continuous fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composites. The most popular material systems are epoxy-based resins reinforced with carbon, glass, or aramid fibers. Current military fighters, such as the European Fighter Jet (EFA), the French Rafale, the Swedish JAS-39, or the Indian Light Combat Aircraft (LCA), have approximately one-third of their airframe structures constructed using carbon fiber-polymer composites (Mangalgiri 2005). Long fibers of various shapes are naturally much harder and stronger than the same material collectively. For example, ordinary plate glass fractures at stresses of only a few thousand pounds per square inch (lb/in or psi) (20 MPa), but glass fibers in laboratory-prepared forms are capable of approximately 1,000,000 psi (. The geometry and physical structure of a fiber are crucial for assessing its strength. Therefore, they must be considered in structural applications. Furthermore, the paradox of a fiber having properties different from those in bulk form arises from the more perfect structure of a fiber. In fibers, the crystals are aligned along the fiber axis. Furthermore, fibers have fewer internal defects than in bulk materials (Jones, 1999). FRCs are technologically the most important composites. Exceptionally high specific strength and modulus values are realized in FRCs. Fiber orientation, content, and distribution all have a significant effect on strength and other properties. Continuous fibers are normally aligned, while discontinuous fibers are can be partially aligned randomly. 3. Natural Fibers The history of natural fiber composites began in the aerospace industry with the introduction of Gordon Aerolite, which is essentially flax roving impregnated with phenolic resin. Gordon Aerolite's light weight, high tensile strength, and stiffness made it suitable for use as an aircraft material. It was used for an experimental main spar of the Bristol Breinheim bomber. However, the use of Gordon Aerolite has declined with the increasing availability of new materials. Fiber-reinforced composite materials offer more promising damage resistance and semi-ductile behavior than monolithic ceramics, even when processed at higher temperatures. In general, interface regions consisting of several layers with a complex microstructure are either created by fiber coating or are formed during the processing of the composites by chemical reactions. The tensile strength, specific modulus, and specific strength properties of fiber-reinforced composites depend on the matrix and The addition of ductile, tough, and high-tensile fibers improves the strength of the fibers. The matrix material transfers force to the fibers, providing softness and toughness, while the fibers absorb a significant portion of the applied load. Unlike precipitation-developed composites, their strength increases both at room temperature and at elevated temperatures. Carbon-Carbon Composites Carbon-carbon composites are a family of advanced composite materials. They are the most advanced form of carbon and consist of a fiber based on carbon precursors embedded in a carbon matrix. This composition gives them properties such as low density, high thermal conductivity and shock resistance, low thermal expansion, and high modulus. Carbon-carbon is widely used in aerospace applications, particularly for aircraft disc brakes, rocket re-entry nose tips, and rocket nozzle components. Unique properties leading to a cheaper production process and improved manufacturing technology are making this material increasingly suitable for industrial applications. Carbon Carbon Composites were initially developed for the American defense and space industries, funded by the U.S. government. They were subject to restrictions and, in particular, to expansion into foreign countries. Brennan Forch of Chance Vought Aircraft is credited with discovering this material, which was first developed in 1958. In the mid-1960s, the first rayon-based materials with acceptable tensile strength were developed. In 1969, the first high-performance and low-cost polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based fibers were commercialized, gradually replacing rayon. The material was identified as a friction material for aircraft brakes. Today, PAN-based carbon fibers are the predominant reinforcement used in carbon-carbon composites. 6. Nanocomposites Scientists and engineers working with fiber-reinforced composites have applied this bottom-up approach to processing and manufacturing for decades. When designing a composite, the material properties are tailored for desired performance at various length scales. The integrated approach used in composite processing—from the selection and processing of matrix and fiber materials and the design and optimization of the fiber/matrix interface/interphase at the submicron scale, to the manipulation of yarn bundles in 2-D and 3-D textiles and the deposition of laminates in laminated composites and, finally, the net-shape formation of the macroscopic composite part—is a remarkable example of the successful use of a "bottom-up" approach. The extension of length scales from meters (finished woven composite parts), micrometers (fiber diameter), submicrometers (fiber/matrix interface) to nanometers (nanotube diameter) offers tremendous opportunities for innovative approaches in processing, characterization, and analysis. This is the modeling of the next generation of composite materials. As scientists and engineers strive to make practical materials and devices from nanostructures, It is essential to understand material behavior at length scales from atomistic to macroscopic levels. Understanding how nanoscale structure affects bulk properties will enable the design of nanostructures to create multifunctional composites. Polymer nanocomposites have been proposed and used for numerous applications, ranging from car bumpers to advanced optoelectronic devices, and research is ongoing. Understanding the impact of nanofillers on composite mechanical properties is critical to the success of all these applications. Consequently, numerous research groups have focused on developing a general framework for predicting, or at least understanding, how the chemistry and morphology of the polymer matrix synergize with the surface chemistry, size, and shape of a nanoscale filler to define it. Within this general framework, the fundamental mechanisms lie at the intersection of chemistry, physics, materials science, and continuum mechanics. Therefore, researchers involved in this critical area of science are equally 7. Polymer and Laminated Composites Polymer composites are not only lightweight but also offer excellent strength, stiffness, and design versatility, which is particularly important in aerospace applications. Some specialized polymers, such as aramids, also have good chemical resistance and dielectric strength. This has led to their use as electrical insulators in generators and transformers. Advanced ceramic materials provide a unique combination of high-temperature resistance, in addition to excellent wear and corrosion resistance and dimensional stability, which is especially important for parts subjected to abrasion and cutting tools. Advanced metal composites and alloys obtained by rapid melt cooling have improved strength and electrical properties, as well as improved corrosion resistance and magnetic properties. The most common types of reinforcement used in polymer composites are strong and ductile polymers incorporated into a soft and ductile polymeric matrix. brittle fibers. In this case, polymer composites are called fiber-reinforced plastics. Fibers can be long (continuous) or short (discontinuous). Long fibers can be unidirectional (all fibers parallel to each other) or woven into a fabric or cloth. Unidirectional fibers provide the highest mechanical properties in a composite. Laminated composite materials are created by bonding two or more materials in layers. Lamination is used to combine the best aspects of the constituent layers and the bonding material to obtain a more usable material. Functions that can be emphasized by lamination include strength, stiffness, lightness, resistance, abrasion resistance, aesthetics or attractiveness, thermal insulation, sound insulation, etc. Bimetals, coated metals, laminated glass, plastic-based laminates, and laminated fiber composite materials are best represented in the following paragraphs. 8. Carbon Fibers Carbon Fibers have high tensile strength and high elastic modulus, and are used as reinforcement elements. Carbon fibers are an allotropic form of carbon composed of small crystals of turbostatic graphite. Graphite is formed by the regular arrangement of carbon atoms in a hexagonal plane layer in the ABABAB order. Strong covalent bonds exist between atoms within the layers, while very weak bonds form between the layers. The molecular arrangement of carbon atoms in the graphite plane layer, forming a spider web, provides lubricating properties. The basic structural properties of carbon fibers are shown below. 9. Hybrid Composites Hybrid composites represent the newest group of composites in which more than one fiber type is used to increase cost-performance. In a carbon fiber-reinforced composite system, optimal placement and orientation of fibers maximizes performance while minimizing cost by reducing fiber content. Aramid-reinforced aluminum laminate (ARALL) is another example of such a composite, consisting of high-strength aluminum alloy sheets sandwiched between layers of aramid fibers. PURPOSE OF THE INVENTION Composite materials are formed by combining two or more materials with different properties. The production and use of these materials provide many advantages. The invention was developed with the goal of developing lightweight and superior durable materials, primarily for the defense industry, using the vacuum infusion technique. The features of the invention are as follows: Lightweight and High Strength: Composite materials generally have the property of being lightweight but high strength. Due to the steel woven mesh within the invention, it has high toughness. These properties are preferred, especially in the aerospace and automotive industries, to reduce the weight of transportation vehicles and increase energy efficiency, and to increase personnel safety and vehicle durability in the defense industry. Customizability: The invention is highly customizable because components with different properties can be combined. This gives designers and engineers the flexibility to create materials suitable for specific applications. Chemical Resistance: The invention exhibits resistance to a variety of chemicals. This property can be especially important in industrial environments where materials resistant to chemical exposure are needed. Electrical Insulation: The invention has high dielectric strength without any electrical conductivity. This property makes it an ideal material for use in electrical and electronic applications. Thermal Insulation: The invention has the capacity to provide thermal insulation. This property is useful in applications exposed to high temperatures or in areas requiring thermal management. Corrosion Resistance: The invention exhibits better corrosion resistance than metal materials. This property is especially advantageous in areas with the potential for corrosion, such as the marine and chemical industries. Aesthetics and Design Flexibility: The invention is available in different colors, shapes, and It can be produced in various patterns, providing aesthetics and design flexibility. This feature is particularly important in areas such as architecture, automotive, and sports equipment. Durability and Longevity: The invention is long-lasting and resistant to abrasion. These properties make it advantageous for long-term durability and material strength. With these properties, the invention can be used as an interior particle-retaining lining for armored personnel carriers in the defense industry. It can also be used as a body element in aircraft because it increases the toughness of the material, and as a body element in land vehicles because of its lightweighting effect. It can be used as a reinforcing structural element for columns and beams in structural elements. Due to its lightness and strength, it can also be used in windmill hulls and propellers. It can also be used as an internal carrier and structural element in small-scale marine vehicles (yachts, boats). It can also be used for battery storage and magnetic field control in electric vehicles. It will be widely used in the industry and will provide various advantages, including its retention. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Preparation of the Invention System In order to demonstrate the steel mesh effect in the invention, two different arrangements of materials were produced. The first type of material was produced by using two layers of carbon fiber fabrics symbolized by (M) in [0/90]s arrangement in different directions (Figure 1). The second type of material was created by adding a steel knitted mesh layer to the same arrangement as type 1 (symbolized by N). (Figure 2) Therefore, two types of material configurations were prepared, namely without steel mesh and with steel mesh, and were designated as N and M, respectively. The mixture properties and densities of the layer samples with and without steel mesh are given in Table 2S. Table 2: With and without steel mesh Mixture properties and densities of the inventions Sample Weight Volume Density Weight Volume Density ne (gr) (cm3) Component (gr/cm3) (gr) (cm3) (gr/cm3) N 25.54 18.6 Matrix Carbon Fiber 1.78 12.6 7.08 Steel Braid 7.85 4.86 0.62 The invention system was produced by vacuum infusion method. The invention preparation apparatus consists of a flat and rigid base, vacuum bag, vacuum tank, vacuum pump, vacuum connection elements and resin transfer elements. In the vacuum infusion production method, wetting is provided by the resin-hardener mixture. The resin and hardener are kept at 25 ° C for 5-7 days to cure the composite material with the resin-hardener catalyst. Vacuum After the infusion process, the polymer pipes and valves that provide air flow in the inventive device are disconnected from the system. The vacuum bag and sealing tapes are then cut, and the lining fabric and excess fabric are cut off, completing the production of the composite layer using the vacuum infusion method. Araldite LY 8601 resin is used as the matrix material. A 25% fiber reinforcement material is added to the resin by weight. To determine the effect of steel mesh on mechanical properties, AISI 304 steel mesh with a density of 100 mesh is used to cover the material surface. The fiber material selected is Airtech ST-12K-T480 carbon fiber woven fabric, woven at the same density. The mesh material is AISI 304 stainless steel with a mesh size of 0.450 mm. The inventive system is manufactured using the vacuum infusion method. The vacuum infusion system consists of a flat and rigid base, vacuum bag, vacuum tank, vacuum pump, vacuum connection elements, and resin transfer elements. Before starting composite production using the vacuum infusion method, the mold surface is cleaned of scratches, dust, or foreign matter such as oil, and a mold release agent is applied to the cleaned mold surface. The reinforcement materials are cut to appropriate sizes, and adhesive is applied between them to prevent slippage during vacuuming. First, the resin lines and vacuum lines are adjusted to match the sample size, and the vacuum bag is cut to size. Crucial parameters during production are the resin viscosity, pressure, and temperature. The junctions of the vacuum air bags, the polypropylene vacuum air suction pipe, the mold, the vacuum tank, and the vacuum pump connections are insulated with sealing tape. During production, the vacuum mold, polypropylene pipes, and the connection points are checked for leaks. Production begins when no air leaks are detected at any connection points. Composite material production is carried out at room temperature and under negative pressure. The applied negative pressure ensures that the resin penetrates all layers. Using the vacuum infusion production method, wetting is achieved through the resin-hardener mixture. The mixture is then left to stand. Following the vacuum infusion process, the polymer pipes and valves that provide air flow in the inventive apparatus are disconnected from the system. The vacuum bag and sealing tapes are scraped off, and the composite layer is removed. The process is then completed by trimming the lining fabric and any excess. The composite plates are cleaned, and the inventive plates are produced in the desired dimensions using the vacuum bagging technique. No. ELASTIC ZONE DEFORMATION ZONE MAX. MAX ELASTIC ENERGY E-4 E-8 E-MAX TENSION STRAIN REDUCTION MODULE N: Results of the composite invention system without steel mesh M: Composite invention system with steel knitted mesh As a result of examining the impact load resistance point in the falling weight impact tests, it has been seen that the steel mesh reinforcement absorbs energy at the same energy levels in shorter displacements compared to the samples without steel mesh reinforcement for both 10 mm and 20 mm drilling bit diameters, that is, the internal momentum values in the material are higher and the strength is increased by providing an increase in the force required for fracture in the material. Furthermore, when the damage resulting from the falling weight impact test was examined more closely, both visually and at a macro level using micro-CT imaging, it was determined that the steel mesh reinforcement keeps the structure more rigid, maintains the interlayer structure more robust, and provides improved distribution of breaks and perforations caused by piercing bits within the fiber matrix material, thus protecting the material from damage within the structure and preventing carbon fiber strand breakage. Invention b, the steel mesh reinforced carbon fiber composite material, provides higher resistance to external piercing and explosives, making it suitable for use in the defense industry. Invention a, on the other hand, can be used to provide strength in areas requiring strength and lightness.

Claims (1)

1.