TR2024000949A2

TR2024000949A2 - TURNING SHAPE MEMORY FEATURED NITI ALLOY WIRES INTO HIGH ELASTIC SPRINGS FOR JEWELRY APPLICATIONS

Info

Publication number: TR2024000949A2
Application number: TR2024/000949
Authority: TR
Inventors: Nan Aksoz S
Original assignee: Aksöz Arge Mühendi̇sli̇k Sanayi̇ Ve Ti̇caret Li̇mi̇ted Şi̇rketi̇
Filing date: 2024-01-26
Publication date: 2024-03-21

Abstract

Bu buluş şekil hafıza özellikli NiTi alaşım tellerden üretilmiş yayların kuyumculukta kullanılması için yüksek elastik hale getirilme uygulaması ve şekil hafıza özellikli NiTi alaşım yay ürünler ile ilgilidir. Şekil hafıza özellikli NiTi alaşım tellerin 300°C ile 700°C sıcaklık aralığında ısıl işleme tabi tutulması, daha sonra soğutkanda hızlı soğutulmasını içerir. Bu proses şekil hafıza özellikli NiTi alaşım yayların yüksek elastik hale getirilmesini ve şekil hafızalı özellikli NiTi alaşım yayların geniş bir sıcaklık aralığında yüksek elastik halde kalmasını sağlamaktadır. Kuyumculukta kullanılan elastik destek malzeme olarak şekil hafıza özellikli NiTi alaşım yay kullanılabilir ve bu proses ile yüksek elastik şekil hafızalı NiTi alaşım yay, endüstriyel ürün haline getirilebilir bir durumdadır.This invention is about the application of making springs made of NiTi alloy wires with shape memory feature highly elastic for use in jewelery and NiTi alloy spring products with shape memory feature. It involves heat-treating shape memory-enabled NiTi alloy wires at temperatures between 300°C and 700°C, followed by rapid cooling in coolant. This process ensures that shape memory NiTi alloy springs become highly elastic and shape memory NiTi alloy springs remain highly elastic over a wide temperature range. NiTi alloy spring with shape memory feature can be used as elastic support material used in jewelery making, and with this process, high elastic shape memory NiTi alloy spring can be turned into an industrial product.

Description

TARIFNAME SEKIL HAFIZA ÖZELLIKLI NITI ALASIM TELLERIN KUYUMCULUK UYGULAMALARI IÇIN YÜKSEK ELASTIK YAYLAR HALE GETIRILMESI Teknik Alan Bu bulus, kuyumculukta kullanilan elastik iç yay malzemelerinin yerine, sekil hafiza özellikli alasim tellerin isil islem prosesi ile yüksek elastik yay haline getirilmesi ile ilgilidir. Önceki Teknik Sekil hafizali alasimlar (SHA), karakteristik özellikleri olan metal alasimlaridir. Bu alasimlar, belirli bir sekilde deformasyona ugramasindan sonra orijinal sekillere geri dönebilme yetenegine sahiptir. Bu özellik, alasimin kristal yapisindaki martenzitik yapinin bir sonucudur. SHA genellikle nikel ve titanyum gibi metal alasimlari içerir. Bu alasimin temel bilesenleri genellikle nikel (Ni) ve titanyum (Ti) içerir ve NiTi alasim olarak adlandirilir. NiTi alasim, özellikle biyomedikal ve tibbi alanlarda kullanilir. Stentler, kiliflar, cerrahi klipsler gibi ürünlerde sekil hafizasi ve yüksek elastik özellikleri sayesinde tercih edilir. NiTi alasimin iç yapisi oldukça karmasiktir. Genellikle %55 Ni ve % 45 Ti içerir, ancak bu oranlar farkli türlerde ve uygulamalarda degisebilir. Ni; YMK kafes yapisina, Ti; HSP kafes yapisina sahiptir, birbirine yakin kristal yapilarina sahiptirler ve bu yakinlik, bu alasimin sekil hafizasi ve yüksek elastik özelliklerini mümkün kilar. SHA'larin iç yapisi iki temel fazi içerir, bunlar östenit ve martenzit fazlaridir. Östenit fazi SHA'larin yüksek sicakliklarda kararli olan fazidir. Bu fazda, alasimin kristal yapilari düzenlidir ve belirli bir sicaklik araliginda bu düzenlilik korunur. Bu sicaklik araligi, SHA'larin sekil hafiza etkisinin çalistigi araliktir. Östenit fazi, SHA'larin orijinal seklini hatirlamasini saglar. SHA'lar düsük sicakliklarda martenzit fazina geçer. Bu fazda, alasimin kristal yapilari daha düzensiz hale gelir. SHA, bu düzensiz yapiya geçtiginde, sekil degistirme yetenegini kazanir. Daha sonra, alasim tekrar yüksek sicakliklara çiktiginda östenit fazina döner ve orijinal seklini geri alir. Bu iki faz arasindaki dönüsüm, SHA'in, sekil hafizasi ve yüksek elastik özelliklerini saglar. Martenzit ve Östenit faz arasindaki geçisler sicaklikla belli bir yolu takip ederler. Sekil 1'deki Sicaklik (105)-% Martenzit (106) grafiginde görülen sicakliklar, Martenzit baslangiç (% 100 martenzit); Östenit bitis (Af) (104) (% 0 martenzit) için tanimlanmistir. Sekil 1'de görüldügü gibi sogutularak elde edilen martenzit tekrar isitildiginda östenit faza dogru giderken ayni yolu takip etmez ve bir histerezis yaratarak daha düsük sicakliklarda faz geçisini gerçeklestirir. Yüksek elastisite ise östenit bitis (Af) (104) sicakliginin üzerinde malzemenin strese maruz kalmasi halinde martenzit forma geçisi ve stresin ortadan kalkmasi ile östenit fazindaki sekline, hiçbir bozulmaya ugramadan geri dönmesi olarak bilinir. Bunun nedeni stresin ortadan kalkmasi halinde Af (104) sicakliginin üzerinde kararli olmayan martenzit formun hizli bir geçis yapmasidir. Bu özellikleri kazandirmak için farkli çalismalar ve denemeler yapilmis. Literatürde alasimi üzerinde, 600°C-800°C sicaklik araliginda 15 dakika bekleterek isil isleme tabi tutmus ardindan 300°C'nin altina indirerek malzemeyi sogutmus ve bu sayede ultra elastiklik adini verdigi bir yapi elde edildiginden söz etmektedir. U56540849BZ patent araligindaki sicakliklarda ikinci isil islemi yapmis ve NiTi alasiminin sünekliginde %50'yi asan bir artis oldugundan söz etmektedir. NiTi alasimlari alanindaki üretim proseslerinin genel olarak stent üzerine oldugu tespit edilmistir. Mevcut bulus ise literatürden farklidir, literatürdeki isil islem sicakliklarinin yüksek oldugu ve 60NiTi alasimi özelinde bir üretim prosesine sahip oldugu tespit edilmistir. Mevcut bulusta ise isil islem sicakliklari literatüre göre daha düsük sicakliklari kapsamaktadir ve sekil hafiza özellikli NiTi alasimlari kullanilarak, yüksek elastik halde NiTi yaylar elde edilir. Bulusun Amaci Mevcut bulus kuyumculuk sektöründe kullanilmakta olan iç destek olarak kullanilan ve üzerine degerli maden giydirilen elastik yaylarin yerine iç çekirdek olarak kullanilan yaylardan çok daha elastik olan, sekil hafiza özellikli NiTi alasim yaylarin üretilip, yüksek elastik bir iç çekirdek halinde kullanilabilecek özelliklere sahip ayni zamanda miknatislanma özelligi olmayan sekil hafiza özellikli NiTi alasim yaylarin üretilmesini amaçlamaktadir. Sekillerin Açiklamasi Sekil 1: Sekil hafizali alasimlarda östenit ve martenzit dönüsüm diyagrami. Sekil 2: Yüksek elastik yay üretimi için isil islem kalibi ve sekil hafizali yay sarimi. Sekillerdeki Referanslarin Açiklamasi Martenzit bitis (Mf) Martenzit baslangiç (Ms) Östenit baslangiç (As) Östenit bitis (Af) Sicaklik Sekil hafiza özellikli NiTi alasim tel Yüksek sicakliga dayanikli kalip Yay kilitleme mekanizmasi Helis sarim Sarim mekanizmasi baglama uzantisi NiTi alasimli yüksek elastik yay NiTi alasimli yüksek elastik yaylarin x-y-z eksenindeki elastisitesi X ekseni Y ekseni Z ekseni Bulusun Açiklamasi Mevcut bulusta, kuyumculuk sektöründe kullanilacak olan sekil hafiza özellikli NiTi alasim teller, mevcut tel boyutlarina ve sekline; sarim sekli, kalip hacmi ve kalip sekline bagli olarak belli sürelerde, 300°C ile 700°C sicaklik araliginda isil isleme tabi tutulup, bir sogutkan içinde sogutma prosesleri ile sekil hafiza özellikli NiTi alasim yaylar üretilir ve Mevcut bulusta kesitten bagimsiz sekil hafiza özellikli NiTi alasim teller (201) yüksek sicakliga dayanikli silindirik kaliba (202) helis biçimde (204) sarilarak yay formu kazandirilir. Tek parça ve düz formda olan söz konusu tel, iki bastan yay kilitleme mekanizmasi (203) ile sabitlenerek açilmasi engellenir. Sonrasinda sarim mekanizmasi baglama uzantisi (205) ile sarma sistemine baglanarak helis seklinde sarilan sekil hafiza özellikli alasim NiTi telin, yay formunu kazanmasi ve yüksek elastik hale gelmesi için tel boyutlarina, tel sekline, tel rengine; sarim sekline, kalip hacmine ve kalip sekline göre belirlenen sürelerde, 300°C ile 700°C sicaklik araliginda isil isleme tabi tutulmasi ve bir sogutkan içinde hizli sogutulmasi sonucunda proses tamamlanmaktadir. Tamamlanan islemler sonrasinda, kalipta helis seklindeki sarmal halindeki teller, sekil hafiza özellikli NiTi alasimli yüksek elastik yay (301) formunu almaktadir. Helis seklindeki NiTi yaylar tekli, ikiserli veya üçerli halde kesilerek kuyumculuk uygulamalari için hazir hale gelmektedir. Yüksek elastik formdaki yaylar x eski haline kolaylikla geri dönebilmektedir. Mevcut bulusta bahsi geçen yüksek elastik hale getirilen sekil hafiza özellikli NiTi alasim yaylarin gerçeklestirilen isitma, sekil verme, sogutma proseslerinin ardindan üretim ve kullanim asamasinda kolay takilip çikarilmasi için 10°C altinda yumusamasi saglanmis, vücutla temasindan sonra vücut sicakliginin söz konusu yayi isitmasi ve 10°C üzerinde yeniden yüksek elastik hale gelip bilekten çikmasi engellenmistir. Bulusun Sanayiye Uygulanis Biçimi Bulus kuyumculuk sektöründe kullanilan elastik iç destek malzemelerinin yerine kullanilabilir ve mevcut durumda kullanilan elastik malzemelerden çok daha üstün elastisite özelligine sahip olmaktadir. Ayni zamanda yapilan isil islem prosesleri yüksek elastisitenin elde edilmesini sagladigindan dolayi NiTi alasimli yaya kazandirilan sönümleme, uzun ömürlülük, seklini koruyabilme, eski sekline geri gelebilme özellikleri sayesinde otomotiv, makine, medikal, uzay ve havacilik gibi ileri malzeme özellikleri gerektiren ve arzu edilen sektörlerde kullanilabilir. TR TR TR TR TR TR TR TR TR TR TR TR TR TRDESCRIPTION PRODUCTION OF SHAPE MEMORY NITI ALLOY WIRES INTO HIGH ELASTICITY SPRINGS FOR JEWELRY APPLICATIONS Technical Field This invention relates to the production of shape memory alloy wires into highly elastic springs through a heat treatment process, instead of the elastic inner spring materials used in jewelry. Prior Art Shape memory alloys (SHA) are metal alloys with characteristic properties. These alloys have the ability to return to their original shape after a certain degree of deformation. This property is a result of the martensitic structure in the alloy's crystal structure. SHA generally contains metal alloys such as nickel and titanium. The main components of this alloy generally contain nickel (Ni) and titanium (Ti) and are called NiTi alloys. NiTi alloys are used primarily in the biomedical and medical fields. Their shape memory and high elastic properties make them preferred in products such as stents, sheaths, and surgical clips. The internal structure of NiTi alloys is quite complex. They typically contain 55% Ni and 45% Ti, but these ratios can vary depending on the type and application. Ni has a YMC lattice structure, while Ti has a HSP lattice structure. Their close crystalline structures enable this alloy's shape memory and high elastic properties. The internal structure of SHAs consists of two primary phases: austenite and martensite. The austenite phase is the phase of SHAs that is stable at high temperatures. In this phase, the alloy's crystalline structure is regular and maintains this regularity within a specific temperature range. This temperature range is where the shape memory effect of SHAs operates. The austenite phase allows SHAs to remember their original shape. SHAs transition to the martensite phase at low temperatures. In this phase, the alloy's crystal structure becomes more disordered. When the SHA transitions to this disordered structure, it gains the ability to change shape. Later, when the alloy is heated to higher temperatures, it returns to the austenite phase and regains its original shape. This transformation between these two phases provides SHAs with shape memory and high elastic properties. The transitions between the martensite and austenite phases follow a specific path with temperature. The temperatures shown in the Temperature (105) vs. % Martensite (106) graph in Figure 1 are defined for the initial martensite (100% martensite) and the final austenite (Af) (104) (0% martensite) phases. As seen in Figure 1, when the martensite obtained by cooling is reheated, it does not follow the same path towards the austenite phase and, creating hysteresis, it undergoes the phase transition at lower temperatures. High elasticity is known as the transition to martensite form when the material is subjected to stress above the final austenite (Af) (104) temperature and the return to its austenite phase form without any deterioration upon removal of the stress. This is because, when the stress is removed, the unstable martensite form undergoes a rapid transition above the Af (104) temperature. Various studies and experiments have been conducted to achieve these properties. The literature indicates that the alloy was heat treated at a temperature between 600°C and 800°C for 15 minutes, then cooled to below 300°C, resulting in what he calls ultraelasticity. U56540849BZ performed a second heat treatment at temperatures within the patent range and reported a 50% increase in the ductility of the NiTi alloy. It has been determined that production processes in the NiTi alloy field are generally focused on stents. The present invention differs from the literature in that the heat treatment temperatures reported in the literature are high and the production process is specific to the 60NiTi alloy. In the present invention, the heat treatment temperatures are lower than those reported in the literature, and shape-memory NiTi alloys are used to produce highly elastic NiTi springs. Purpose of the Invention The present invention aims to produce shape-memory NiTi alloy springs that are much more elastic than the inner core springs used as internal supports and coated with precious metals in the jewelry industry. It also aims to produce shape-memory NiTi alloy springs that have properties that can be used as a highly elastic inner core and are not magnetized. Explanation of the Figures Figure 1: Austenite and martensite transformation diagram in shape memory alloys. Figure 2: Heat treatment die and shape memory spring winding for high elastic spring production. Explanation of the References in the Figures Martensite end (Mf) Martensite start (Ms) Austenite start (As) Austenite end (Af) Temperature Shape memory NiTi alloy wire High temperature resistant mold Spring locking mechanism Helical winding Winding mechanism connecting extension NiTi alloy high elastic spring Elasticity of NiTi alloy high elastic springs in x-y-z axis X axis Y axis Z axis Description of the Invention In the present invention, shape memory NiTi alloy wires to be used in the jewelry industry, according to the existing wire sizes and shapes; NiTi alloy springs with shape memory feature are produced by heat treatment in the temperature range of 300 ° C to 700 ° C for certain periods of time depending on the winding shape, mold volume and mold shape and by cooling processes in a refrigerant and in the present invention, NiTi alloy wires with shape memory feature independent of the cross-section (201) are wound on the high temperature resistant cylindrical mold (202) in a helical shape (204) to give them a spring form. The wire in question, which is in a single piece and flat form, is fixed with two spring locking mechanisms (203) to prevent it from opening. Afterwards, the winding mechanism is connected to the winding system with the connecting extension (205) and in order for the shape memory alloy NiTi wire wound in a helical shape to gain the spring form and become highly elastic, the wire dimensions, wire shape and wire color; The process is completed by heat treating the coils at temperatures between 300°C and 700°C for periods determined by the winding type, mold volume, and mold shape, followed by rapid cooling in a refrigerant. Following these processes, the helical-shaped wires in the mold are formed into highly elastic NiTi alloy springs (301) with shape memory properties. Helical NiTi springs are cut in single, double, or triple increments, ready for jewelry applications. Highly elastic springs easily return to their original shape. In the present invention, the highly elastic NiTi alloy springs with shape memory feature are softened below 10°C after the heating, shaping and cooling processes carried out in order to be easily attached and removed during the production and use phase, and after contact with the body, the body temperature heats the said spring and it becomes highly elastic again above 10°C and is prevented from coming off the wrist. How the Invention is Applied to Industry The invention can be used instead of elastic internal support materials used in the jewelry industry and has an elasticity property much superior to the elastic materials currently used. At the same time, since the heat treatment processes ensure high elasticity, NiTi alloy springs can be used in sectors requiring and desired advanced material properties such as automotive, machinery, medical, space and aviation thanks to the damping, longevity, shape retention and return to their original shape properties.

Claims

STEMS

1. It is a production method of high elastic springs from NiTi alloy wires with shape memory feature and its feature is; o Heat treatment between 300°C and 700°C, o Rapid cooling in coolant, o Helical winding of the wires (204) on the high temperature resistant mold (202), o Fixing the wires at two ends with the locking mechanism (203), o It is independent of the mold shape and the wire form.

2. It is a spring in accordance with claim 1 and its feature is; o Being a tightly wound or intermittently wound helical wound spring (204), o Being a flat or oval shaped NiTi alloy wire with shape memory feature (201), o NiTi alloy high elastic springs (301) obtained in the form of a helical helix, in singles, twos or threes. Cutting according to the form to be used in jewelery making.

3. According to claim 1, the springs have water properties; 0 Being highly elastic with heat treatment, 0 Being highly elastic in different temperature ranges by subjecting it to heat treatment for a period of time determined according to the diameter of the alloy wire and mold, o Adjusting its color by adjusting the applied heat treatment temperature and time.

4. It is a spring produced according to Claim 1 from NiTi alloy wires with shape memory feature; o It should be a bow in oval, flat or different geometric form, o The diameter of the spring should be suitable for child, youth, adult, male and female wrist sizes, 0 It should have a high elastic characteristic, o It should not have magnetization feature.

5. Springs according to Claim 1 and Claim 4; 0 It is used as an internal support in jewelry products such as bracelets, bracelets, necklaces and earrings used in the jewelry industry, o It extends the life of the jewelry it is used in, o It can be dressed with precious metals with or without stones.

6. Springs according to Claim 1, Claim 4 and Claim 5; 0 Under the temperature value determined from the body temperature, its elasticity is reduced, making it easier to put on. o Its elastic aspects change according to its oval and flat form.

7. Springs according to claims 1 and 4; 0 It can be produced in blue-purple-green-yellow-white-black-metallic colors depending on the production stage, o It shows different elasticity depending on the colors.

8. It is a spring produced according to claim 1; 0 They are tightly wound or intermittently wound springs, and are used as single, double or triple springs, dressed with various precious metals.