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TR2022018692A2 - Recycled Acrylic Fiber and Production Method - Google Patents

Recycled Acrylic Fiber and Production Method Download PDF

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Publication number
TR2022018692A2
TR2022018692A2 TR2022/018692 TR2022018692A2 TR 2022018692 A2 TR2022018692 A2 TR 2022018692A2 TR 2022/018692 TR2022/018692 TR 2022/018692 TR 2022018692 A2 TR2022018692 A2 TR 2022018692A2
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Turkey
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waste
tank
acrylic fiber
mixture
heated
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TR2022/018692
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Turkish (tr)
Inventor
Koman Gurcan
Mge D Ncer Uzunpinar S
Yilmaz Turgay
Eren Emrah
Erko An Selcuk
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Aksa Akri̇li̇k Ki̇mya Sanayi̇i̇ Anoni̇m Şi̇rketi̇
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Publication of TR2022018692A2 publication Critical patent/TR2022018692A2/en

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Abstract

Buluş, akrilik elyaf atıklarının kimyasal yapılarını bozmadan geri dönüştürülmesi ve akrilik elyaf üretimi sağlamak üzere ortaya konan üretim yöntemi ile ilgilidir.The invention is related to the production method introduced to recycle acrylic fiber waste without damaging their chemical structure and to produce acrylic fiber.

Description

TARIFNAME Geri Dönüstürülmüs Akrilik Elyaf Ve Üretim Yöntemi TEKNIK ALAN Bulus, akrilik elyaf üretiminin geri kazanilmis atik materyallerin kullanilarak/ eklenilerek elde edilmesi ile ilgilidir. TEKNIGININ BILINEN DURUMU Akrilik elyaflar; poliamid elyaflar ve polyester elyaflar, diger genel amaçli sentetik elyaflar, giyim malzemeleri ve iç ürün malzemeleri gibi çok çesitli alanlarda kullanilmaktadir. Dünya genelinde ortalama yilda 15 milyar adet giysi kullanilmadan atilmaktadir. Bu tür atilan giysiler son yillarda büyük bir sorun haline gelmekle birlikte dogal kaynaklarin hizla tükenmesine neden olmaktadir. Hazir giyim ve malzeme üreticileri, atilan bu giysilerin yeniden kullanimi ve geri dönüsümü için çalismalar yapsalar da mevcut durum, ayristirma isi için gereken isçilik maliyetinin yüksek olmasi ve yüksek oranda ayristirma ve toplama teknolojisinin zorlugu nedeniyle gelistirmenin gecikmesine neden olmakta ve atik ürünlerin yeterli miktarlarda geri dönüsümüne engel olmaktadir. Bununla birlikte, akrilik elyaf üretim sürecinde atiklarin geri dönüsümü ile ilgili olarak ön tüketiciden türetilen bir geri dönüsüm teknolojisi olusturulmus olmasina ragmen son tüketiciden türetilen bir geri dönüsüm teknolojisi olusturulmamistir. Önceki kullanimlarin dezavantaji, geri dönüsümün saglanmasi için kullanilan ürünler akrilik elyaf olmadigindan dolayi, akrilik elyaf üretiminde ürünlerin kimyasal yapilari bozulmakta ve geri dönüsüm ile elde edilen akrilik elyaflar kalitesiz olmaktadir. Bulus yukarida bahsedilen dezavantajlari ortadan kaldirmak ve ilgili teknik alana yeni avantajlar getirmek için ortaya konmustur. BULUSUN AMACI Bulusun ana amaci, geri dönüsüme uygun akrilik elyaf atiklarindan akrilik elyaf üretimi saglamaktir. Bulusun amaci, atik malzemelerin neden oldugu çevre kirliligini önlemek ve dogal ve/veya yapay kaynaklarin tüketilmesinin önüne geçmektir. Bulusun amaci, atik ürünlerin geri kazanimini saglamaktir. Bulusun amaci, hem kati hem de sivi formdaki atiklari geri kazanmayi saglayan yapisini ortaya koymaktir. Sonuç olarak yukarida bahsedilen tüm sorunlara üretilen alternatif çözümler ile birlikte ilgili teknik alanda yenilik yapilmasinin uygun oldugu anlasilmistir. BULUSUN DETAYLI AÇIKLAMASI Bu detayli açiklamada bulus konusu, sadece konunun daha iyi anlasilmasina yönelik hiçbir sinirlayici etki olusturmayacak örneklerle açiklanmaktadir. Asagida ayrintilari ile detayli anlatilan bulus, akrilik elyaf atiklarinin kimyasal yapilarini bozmadan geri dönüstürülmesi ile akrilik elyaf üretimi saglamak üzere ortaya konmustur. Akrilik elyaf üretim prosesinde pan (poliakrilonitril), solvent (dmac, dmso, dmf, nmp, propilen karbonat) ile çözdürülür ve dop adi verilen karisim olusur. Pan polimer homopolimer, co-polimer, modifiye polimer ve sülfonatli polimer olabilmektedir. Doptan islak ve kuru çekim yöntemi ile elyaf üretimi gerçeklestirilir. Polimer ve elyaf üretimleri sirasinda arizalar kaynakli prosesin durmasi sonucu olusan, set up sürelerinde olusan ve makine kondisyonunun hedeflenen yere gelmesi için arada geçen geçis üretimi sirasinda olusan polimer, dop ve elyaflar atik olmaktadir. Akrilik elyaftan üretilen iplikler ve kumaslar da atik niteligi tasimaktadir. Geri kazanma prosesinde kuru ve yas formdaki elyaf atiklari uygun solvent ile karistirilmakta ve elyaf atiklarini eritmek amaciyla tanklarin isitilmasi saglanmakta ve homojen bir solüsyon elde edebilmek için sürekli karistirma prosesi ile eritilmektedir. Bulus asagida anlatilan proses adimlarindan ve söz konusu proses adimlarinin uygulanmasi ortaya konmaktadir. Bulusu 4 ayri isleyis üzerinden ele alacak olursak 3 ayri giris ve depolama alani bulunurken akrilik elyaf üretiminin gerçeklestigi son islem adiminda bahsedilen 3 ayri giristen saglanan atiklar birleserek akrilik elyaf üretiminde rol oynamaktadir. A. ISLEM ADIMI A.1. Atik malzemelerin depolama tankina girisi saglanmaktadir. Depolama tanki içerisinde alinan atik akrilik elyaflar 70-110 C°'ye isitilmaktadir. Tercihen A.2. Depolama tankindan çikan atik akrilik elyaflar filtreden geçirilerek kullanilamaz durumda olanlar atiklar ve/veya kullanilamayacak olan atik akrilik elyaflar ayristirilmaktadir. A.3. Filtreye takilmadan geçen atik ürünler pompa ile basilarak tekrar filtreye gönderilmektedir. A.4. Tekrar filtrelemeye maruz birakilan atik ürünler yeniden bir ayristirmaya tabi tutularak kullanilmaz durumda olanlar ayristirilmaktadir. A.5. Filtreden geçen atik akrilik elyaf ürünler besleneme tankina aktarilmaktadir. A.6. Besleme tankinda 70-110 C°'ye isitilmakta ve pompa yardimi ile silori hazirlama tankina aktarilmaktadir. Tercihen 85 C°'ye kadar isitilmaktadir. . ISLEM ADIMI B.1. Perforeli tankin içerisine kuru dese ilavesi yapilarak tank 70-110 C° 'ye isitilmaktadir. Tercihen 85 C° 'ye kadar isitilmaktadir. B.2. Perforeli tanktan çikan kuru dese ile karismis durumda bulunan akrilik elyaf atiklari pompa yardimi ile basilarak 1. Durumda esanjör yardimi ile sogutulmakta ve perforeli tanka tekrar geri getirilmektir. Tercihen 50-90 C° 'ye kadar sogutulmaktadir. 8.2.1. Pompadan çikan kuru dese ile karistirilmis akrilik elyaf atiklari depolama tankina aktarilarak burada 70-110 C°'ye isitilmakta ve karistirilmaktadir. 8.3. Depolama tankindan çikan atik elyaf ürünleri, kullanilamayacak durumdan olan atiklarin ayristirilmasini saglamak üzere filtreye girmektedir. B.4. Filtreden çikan atik elyaf ürünler pompa yardimi ile basilarak tekrar filtreye girmektedir. 85. Ayni sekilde tekrar ayristirilmaya maruz birakilan atik akrilik elyaflardan kullanilamaz durumda olan bir kez daha atilmaktadir. 8.6. Filtreden ayrilan atik akrilik elyaflar esanjör vasitasi ile isitilmakta ve tekrar filtrelenmektedir. B.7. Filtreleme isleminin sona ermesinin ardindan depolama tankina aktarilmaktadir. 8.7.1. Bahsedilen depolama tankina solvent, polimer, seyreltik dop eklenerek 70-110 C°'ye isitilmakta ve karismalari saglanmaktadir. B.8. Elde edilen karisim A.6. islem adiminda bahsedilen silori hazirlama tankina eklenerek A. Islem adiminda elde edilen karisim ile birlikte karistirilmaktadir. . ISLEM ADIMI C.1. Islem adiminda vakumlu tank içerisinde elde karisim anlatilmaktadir. C.1.1. Vakumlu tanka yas ve kuru dese ilavesi yapilarak 70-110 C°'ye isitilmaktadir. C.1.2. Vakumlu tank içerisinde karistirilan yas, kuru dese ve akrilik atik elyaflar öncelikle esanjöre; ardindan da karisim içerisinde bulunan kati, sivi ve gaz partiküllerin ayristirilarak karisimin temizlenmesini saglamak üzere ejektöre aktarilir. Ejektörde ayristirma isleminin tamamlanmasina müteakiben bahsedilen karisim tekrar vakumlu tanka iletilmektedir. C.1.3. Vakumlu tankta karisimi tamamlanan ve ejektör vasitasi ile partiküllerden ayristirilan karisim filtrelenmek üzere filtreye getirelerek karisim içerisinde kullanilamaz durumda atik akrilik elyaflardan temizlenmektedir. C.1.4.Ardindan pompa vasitasi ile basilarak tank içerisinden gelen karisim ile birlesmektedir. C.2. Islem adiminda tank içerisinde elde karisim anlatilmaktadir. C.2.1. Tank içerisine kuru dese ilavesi yapilarak, 70-110 C°'ye isitildiktan sonra atik akrilik elyaf ile karistirilmaktadir. C.2.2 Tank içerisinden ayrilan karisim filtreye ugrayarak karisim içerisinde bulunan ve kullanilamaz durumda olan atik akrilik elyaflar ayristirilmaktadir. C.2.3 Filtreden çikan karisim pompa vasitasi ile basilarak C.1.4 islem adiminda bahsedilen karisim ile birlesmektedir. C.3. Islem adiminda, C.1. ve C2. islem adimlarinda bahsedilen karisimlarin bir araya gelmesi ile devam eden süreci anlatilmaktadir. C.3.1 Pompalardan çikan 2 ayri karisim karistirilarak içerisinde bulunan ve kullanilamaz durumda olan atik akrilik elyaf ürünlerin ayristirilmasi ve karisim esnasinda karistirilamayan ürünlerin atilmasini saglamak üzere filtreye girmektedir. C.3.2. Filtreleme isleminin sona ermesine müteakiben elde edilen karisim depolama tankina aktarilmakta ve 70-110 C°'ye isitildiktan sonra burada bir müddet bekletilmektedir. C.3.3. Depolama tankindan çikmasinin ardindan tekrar filtrelenerek ayristirmaya gidilmektedir. C.3.4 Filtreleme isleminin sona ermesine müteakiben pompa yardimi ile basinç ve hiz kazandirilarak A.6. ve 8.8. islem adimlarinda bahsedilen diger iki karisimin aktarildigi silori hazirlama tankina aktarilarak diger karisimlar ile karistirilmasi saglanmaktadir. D. ISLEM ADIMI D.1. A.6. , 8.8. ve C.3.4 islem adimlarinda bahsedilen ve elde edilen karisimlarin silori hazirlama tankina girisi saglanarak, akabinde karisimin elde edilmesini saglamak üzere 70-110 C°'ye isitilmakta ve burada akrilik elyaf üretimi saglanmasini saglamak üzere karistirilmakta ve birlestirilmektedir. D.2. Silori hazirlama tankindan çikan yeni karisim içerisinde bulunan akrilik elyaf atiklari ve karistirilamamis halde bulunan karisim ürünlerinin ayristirilmasini saglamak üzere filtreye aktarilmaktadir. D.3. Filtreden ayrilan karisim pompa yardimi ile basilarak sirasiyla bulunan 2 ayri isitma esanjörüne girip çikarak sicaklik dengesi saglanmaktadir. D.4. Karisim isitma esanjöründen ayrildiktan sonra dearatör tankina aktarilmakta ve 70-110 C°'ye kadar isitilmaktadir. D.5. Dearatör tankindan ayrilan karisim pompa yardimi ile ayristirilmak üzere tekrar filtreye aktarilmaktadir. D.6. Filtreden çikan karisim beslenme takina aktarilarak 70-110 C°'ye isitilmakta ve burada bir müddet beklenmektedir. D.7. Karisimin besleme tankindan ayrilmasin müteakiben pompa yardimi ile akrilik elyaf elde etmek üzere elyaf çekim makinesine aktarilacaktir. D.8. Son olarak elden edilen akrilik elyaflarin mekanik özelliklerini iyilestirmek üzere heat treatment prosesi uygulanarak; atik akrilik elyaflardan akrilik elyaf üretimi saglanacaktir. Prosesin gerçeklesmesini saglamak amaciyla tanklarda karisimin elde edilmesini saglamak üzere gerçeklestirilen isitma islemleri 4-10 saat süresince yapilmaktadir. Proseste yüksek sicakliklara çikilirken proses güvenligini saglamak amaciyla tanklar azot örtüsü artinda tutulmaktadir. Bu yolla solventin parlama sicakligi üzerinde proses gerçeklestirilmektedir. Yas formda bulunan atiklarin eritilmesi için vakumlu tanklar kullanilmaktadir. Tanklarda vakum yapilarak atiklar içinde bulunan suyun uzaklastirmasi saglanarak homojen erime saglanmakta ve su kaynakli çözelti içinde olusabilecek koagülasyon ve aglomerasyon engellenmektedir. Bu tanklarda kademeli ejektör ve esanjör sistemleri kullanilmaktadir ve tanklar bu yolla vakuma alinmaktadir. Tank iç basinci, 0.75 bar ile full vakum araliginda tutulmaktadir. Tank içerisindeki atik miktarina bagli olarak 70- 100°C araligina kadar isitildiktan sonra (mevcut proseste 85 °C) vakum sistemi devreye girerek ve sicaklik 50-75°C'e araligina (mevcut proseste 65 °C'e) düstügünde vakumlama islemi durdurulmaktadir. Hazirlanan çözünmüs formdaki atiklar filtrelerden geçirilerek depolama tankina alinmaktadir. Depolama tankindan geri kazanma oranina göre silori hazirlama tankina besleme yapilmaktadir. Besleme miktarina göre geri kazanma oranlari %10-%100 araliginda degismektedir. Kuru formda bulunan atiklar, tanklar içinde bulunan perfore yüzeyler üzerinde solvent ile çözdürülür. Bu sirada tanklar sirkülasyona alinir. Sirkülasyon sirasinda seyreltik formdaki dop, isitma esanjörlerinden geçerek sirküle edilir. Esanjör sicakligi 70-100°C araligindadir. Mevcut proseste 85°C'a isitmaktadir. Ayni zamanda tank ceketlerinde de isitma yapilir ve tank iç sicakligi 70-100 °C araliginda tutulur. Mevcut proseste 80°C'tir. Tankta sirkülasyon atik miktari ve türüne göre 4-10 saat araliginda devam etmektedir. Mevcut proseste 6 saat süreyle yapilmaktadir. Erime islemi tamamen tamamlandiktan sonra seyreltik dop depolama tankina alinir. Pan polimer rotary vanalar ile besleme miktari terazi ile ölçülerek tanka beslenir. Polimer ve atik formdaki polimer ürünlerin geri kazanma oranina göre rotary vana setleri ayarlanarak beslenmektedir. Polimerin beslendigi tankta nozullar bulunmaktadir. Bu nozullardan solvent (solvent sicakligi 25- 70 °C), kuru elyaf atiklari eritilerek hazirlanan seyreltik formdaki dop ve isi stabilizörü verilir. Silori halindeki polimer silori hazirlama tankina gönderilir. Ayrica silori hazirlama tankina kuru ve yas deselerin eritilmesi ile olusan dop ile makine kurulumlarinda olusan standart disi dop eklenir. Silori hazirlama tankinda bulunan yas ve/veya kuru atiklarin çözünmesi ile olusturulmus karisim ve/veya polimer silorisi ve/veya makine yapilarinda olusan standart disi dopun karistirilmasi ile olusan silori dop yapimi için isitma ve sogutma esanjörlerine gönderilir. Silori esanjör kullanilarak 60-120°C'a kadar isitilir ve dop yapilir. Mevcut proseste 85°C'a isitilmaktadir. Dopun renginin bozulmamasi için esanjör yardimiyla 50-90 °C'a araligina kadar sogutulmaktadir. Mevcut proseste 65°C'a sogutmaktadir. lsitma ve sogutma prosesleri ile hazirlanan ve geri kazanilmis malzemelerden olusan dop içerisindeki hava kabarciklarinin giderilmesi için dearatör tankina alinir. Dearatör tankindan sonra dop içerisinde çözünmeyen materyallerden arindirilmak için pompalar yardimi ile filtrelere gönderilir ve besleme tankina alinir. Filtrasyon sirasinda filtre presler ve/veya pot filtre ve/veya sepet filtre ve/veya gaf filtre kullanilir. Besleme tankindan pompalar ile elyaf çekim makinelerine gönderilir. Kuru ve islak çekim metotlari ile elyaf çekim islemi sonucunda geri dönüstürülmüs akrilik elyaf ürünü elde edilir. Elyaf üretim makinelerinde renksiz ürünler için beyazlik parametresini saglamak amaciyla mavi ve violet pigmentleri ile olusturulan karisim miksere verilerek dop içine enjeksiyonu yapilir. Renklendirme için farkli pigmentler de kullanilabilmektedir. Renkli ve/veya renksiz atiklar kullanildiginda bunun boyama islemi gerçeklestirilebilmektedir. Boyama isleminde dop boyama ve/veya jel boyama metodu kullanilir. Elyaf çekim asamasi sonrasinda ürüne heat treatment (isil islem) prosesi uygulanarak nihai ürün özellikleri saglanmaktadir. ve uzamasi %30-60 araligindadir. Bulusun koruma kapsami ekte verilen istemlerde belirtilmis olup, kesinlikle bu detayli anlatimda örnekleme amaciyla anlatilanlar ile sinirli tutulamaz. Zira teknikte uzman bir kisinin bulusun ana temasindan ayrilmadan yukarida anlatilanlar esliginde benzer yapilanmalar ortaya koyabilecegi asikardir. TR TR TR TR TR TR TR TR TR TR TRDESCRIPTION Recycled Acrylic Fiber and Production Method TECHNICAL FIELD The invention relates to the production of acrylic fiber by using/adding recycled waste materials. KNOWN STATE OF THE ART Acrylic fibers are used in a wide variety of areas, including polyamide fibers, polyester fibers, other general-purpose synthetic fibers, clothing materials, and interior product materials. An average of 15 billion pieces of clothing are thrown away unused annually worldwide. Such discarded clothing has become a major problem in recent years and is contributing to the rapid depletion of natural resources. Although apparel and material manufacturers are working to reuse and recycle these discarded garments, the current situation, due to the high labor costs required for separation and the difficulty of developing high-level separation and collection technologies, delays development and hinders the adequate recycling of waste products. However, while a pre-consumer-derived recycling technology has been developed for recycling waste in the acrylic fiber production process, a post-consumer-derived recycling technology has not been developed. The disadvantage of previous uses is that, because the products used for recycling are not acrylic fibers, the chemical structure of the products in acrylic fiber production is degraded, and the resulting acrylic fibers are of poor quality. The invention was developed to eliminate the aforementioned disadvantages and bring new advantages to the relevant technical field. PURPOSE OF THE INVENTION The main purpose of the invention is to enable the production of acrylic fiber from recycled acrylic fiber waste. The purpose of the invention is to prevent environmental pollution caused by waste materials and to prevent the depletion of natural and/or artificial resources. The purpose of the invention is to enable the recovery of waste products. The purpose of the invention is to reveal its structure that enables the recovery of both solid and liquid waste. As a result, it has been understood that it is appropriate to make innovations in the relevant technical field along with alternative solutions produced to all the problems mentioned above. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In this detailed description, the subject of the invention is explained only with examples that will not create any limiting effects for a better understanding of the subject. The invention, described in detail below, was developed to enable acrylic fiber production by recycling acrylic fiber waste without disrupting its chemical structure. In the acrylic fiber production process, pan (polyacrylonitrile) is dissolved with solvents (dmac, dmso, dmf, nmp, propylene carbonate), forming a mixture called dop. Pan polymers can be homopolymers, copolymers, modified polymers, or sulfonated polymers. Dop-based fiber production is achieved through wet and dry spinning. Polymers, dop, and fibers generated during process interruptions due to malfunctions during polymer and fiber production, during setup times, and during transitions to achieve targeted machine condition are considered waste. Yarns and fabrics produced from acrylic fiber are also considered waste. In the recovery process, dry and wet fiber wastes are mixed with a suitable solvent and the tanks are heated in order to melt the fiber wastes and they are melted with a continuous mixing process in order to obtain a homogeneous solution. The invention demonstrates the process steps explained below and the application of said process steps. If we consider the invention in 4 separate processes, there are 3 separate inlets and storage areas, while in the last process step where acrylic fiber production takes place, the wastes provided from the 3 separate inlets mentioned combine and play a role in acrylic fiber production. A. PROCESS STEP A.1. Waste materials are entered into the storage tank. The waste acrylic fibers taken in the storage tank are heated to 70-110 C °. Preferably A.2. The waste acrylic fibers coming out of the storage tank are filtered to separate unusable waste and/or unusable waste acrylic fibers. A.3. Waste products that pass through the filter without being caught in the filter are pumped back into the filter. A.4. The waste products that are subjected to re-filtering are separated again to separate unusable ones. A.5. The waste acrylic fiber products that pass through the filter are transferred to the feed tank. A.6. They are heated to 70-110 °C in the feed tank and transferred to the silori preparation tank with the help of a pump. Preferably, they are heated to 85 °C. PROCESS STEP B.1. Dry dese is added to the perforated tank and the tank is heated to 70-110 °C. Preferably, it is heated to 85 °C. B.2. The acrylic fiber waste mixed with the dry fiber leaving the perforated tank is pumped through a pump and cooled using a heat exchanger in the first case before being returned to the perforated tank. It is preferably cooled to 50-90°C. 8.2.1. The acrylic fiber waste mixed with the dry fiber leaving the pump is transferred to the storage tank, where it is heated to 70-110°C and mixed. 8.3. The waste fiber products leaving the storage tank enter the filter to separate unusable waste. B.4. The waste fiber products leaving the filter are pumped through a pump and returned to the filter. 85. The unusable waste acrylic fibers, which are subjected to further separation in the same manner, are discarded once again. 8.6. The waste acrylic fibers separated from the filter are heated by means of a heat exchanger and filtered again. B.7. After the filtration process is completed, they are transferred to the storage tank. 8.7.1. Solvent, polymer, and dilute dope are added to the storage tank and heated to 70-110 °C and mixed. B.8. The resulting mixture is added to the silori preparation tank mentioned in process step A.6 and mixed with the mixture obtained in process step A. . PROCESS STEP C.1. The mixing process in the vacuum tank is explained in process step. C.1.1. Wet and dry dese are added to the vacuum tank and heated to 70-110 °C. C.1.2. The wet, dry, and acrylic waste fibers mixed in the vacuum tank are first transferred to the heat exchanger and then to the ejector to separate the solid, liquid, and gaseous particles contained in the mixture and clean the mixture. Following the separation process in the ejector, the mixture is transferred back to the vacuum tank. C.1.3. The mixture, which is mixed in the vacuum tank and separated from the particles by the ejector, is brought to the filter to be filtered to remove unusable waste acrylic fibers. C.1.4. It is then pressed by the pump and combined with the mixture coming from the tank. C.2. The process step describes the mixing process in the tank. C.2.1. Dry dese is added to the tank, heated to 70-110 C ° and then mixed with waste acrylic fiber. C.2.2 The mixture separated from the tank passes through the filter to separate the unusable waste acrylic fibers in the mixture. C.2.3 The mixture exiting the filter is pressed by the pump and combined with the mixture mentioned in process step C.1.4. In process step C.3., the process that continues with the combination of the mixtures mentioned in process steps C.1. and C2. is explained. C.3.1 The two separate mixtures coming out of the pumps are mixed and enter the filter to separate the unusable waste acrylic fiber products contained in them and to discard the products that cannot be mixed during mixing. C.3.2. Following the completion of the filtering process, the resulting mixture is transferred to the storage tank and kept there for a while after being heated to 70-110 ° C. C.3.3. After leaving the storage tank, it is filtered again and separated. C.3.4 Following the completion of the filtering process, pressure and speed are gained with the help of the pump and it is transferred to the silori preparation tank, where the other two mixtures mentioned in process steps A.6. and 8.8. are transferred, and mixed with the other mixtures. D. PROCESS STEP D.1. A.6. , 8.8. and C.3.4 the mixtures obtained and mentioned in process steps are entered into the silori preparation tank and then heated to 70-110 C ° to obtain the mixture, and are mixed and combined here to ensure acrylic fiber production. D.2. The new mixture coming out of the silori preparation tank is transferred to the filter to ensure the separation of acrylic fiber wastes and unmixed mixture products in it. D.3. The mixture separated from the filter is pressed with the help of a pump and enters and exits 2 separate heating exchangers, respectively, to ensure temperature balance. D.4. After the mixture leaves the heating exchanger, it is transferred to the deaerator tank and heated to 70-110 C °. D.5. The mixture leaving the deaerator tank is transferred back to the filter for separation using a pump. D.6. The mixture leaving the filter is transferred to the feed tank and heated to 70-110°C, where it remains there for a while. D.7. After the mixture separates from the feed tank, it is transferred to the fiber drawing machine using a pump to produce acrylic fiber. D.8. Finally, a heat treatment process will be applied to improve the mechanical properties of the resulting acrylic fibers; acrylic fiber production will be achieved from waste acrylic fibers. Heating is carried out in the tanks for 4-10 hours to ensure the mixture is obtained. To ensure process safety, the tanks are kept under nitrogen blankets while high temperatures are reached during the process. In this way, the process is carried out above the flash point of the solvent. Vacuum tanks are used to dissolve wet waste. Vacuuming the tanks removes water from the waste, ensuring homogeneous dissolution and preventing coagulation and agglomeration in the water-based solution. Staged ejector and heat exchanger systems are used in these tanks, and the tanks are placed under vacuum. The internal pressure of the tank is maintained between 0.75 bar and full vacuum. Depending on the amount of waste in the tank, the tank is heated to 70-100°C (85°C in the current process), then the vacuum system is activated. The vacuuming process is stopped when the temperature drops to 50-75°C (65°C in the current process). The prepared dissolved waste is filtered and transferred to the storage tank. The storage tank is fed to the silo preparation tank according to the recovery rate. Recovery rates vary between 10% and 100% depending on the feed amount. Dry waste is dissolved with solvent on the perforated surfaces within the tanks. The tanks are then circulated. During circulation, the diluted dope is circulated through heating exchangers. The exchanger temperature is between 70-100°C. In the current process, it is heated to 85°C. At the same time, the tank jackets are heated, maintaining the internal tank temperature between 70-100°C. In the current process, it is 80°C. Circulation in the tank continues for 4-10 hours, depending on the amount and type of waste. In the current process, it is 6 hours. After the melting process is complete, the diluted dope is transferred to the storage tank. The pan polymer is fed into the tank using rotary valves, with the feed amount measured by a scale. Rotary valve sets are adjusted according to the recovery rate of the polymer and waste polymer products. The polymer feeding tank contains nozzles. These nozzles deliver solvent (solvent temperature 25-70°C), diluted dope prepared by melting dry fiber waste, and heat stabilizer. The siloed polymer is sent to the silo preparation tank. Additionally, the dope formed by melting dry and wet fibers, as well as non-standard dope generated during machine installations, are added to the silo preparation tank. The silori, formed by dissolving wet and/or dry waste in the silori preparation tank and/or by mixing the polymer silori and/or non-standard dope formed in the machine structures, is sent to heating and cooling exchangers for dope production. The silori is heated to 60-120°C using a heat exchanger to produce the dope. In the current process, it is heated to 85°C. To preserve the color of the dope, it is cooled to 50-90°C using a heat exchanger. In the current process, it is cooled to 65°C. The dope, prepared through heating and cooling processes and composed of recycled materials, is transferred to the deaerator tank to remove air bubbles. After the deaerator tank, the dope is pumped through filters to remove insoluble materials and then transferred to the feed tank. Filter presses and/or pot filters and/or basket filters and/or gaff filters are used during filtration. From the feed tank, the dope is pumped to the fiber spinning machines. Recycled acrylic fiber product is obtained as a result of the dry and wet spinning process. In fiber production machines, to ensure the whiteness parameter for colorless products, a mixture of blue and violet pigments is fed into the mixer and injected into the dope. Different pigments can also be used for coloring. When colored and/or colorless waste is used, it can be dyed. Dope dyeing and/or gel dyeing methods are used in the dyeing process. Following the fiber spinning stage, the product is heat treated to ensure the final product properties. and its elongation is in the range of 30-60%. The scope of protection of the invention is specified in the attached claims and cannot be limited to what is explained in this detailed description for illustrative purposes. It is obvious that a person skilled in the art can create similar structures along with those described above without departing from the main theme of the invention.

TR2022/018692 2022-12-06 Recycled Acrylic Fiber and Production Method TR2022018692A2 (en)

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