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TR2021018619A2 - A NEW ADDITIVE FOR GEL BATTERIES - Google Patents

A NEW ADDITIVE FOR GEL BATTERIES

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Publication number
TR2021018619A2
TR2021018619A2 TR2021/018619A TR2021018619A TR2021018619A2 TR 2021018619 A2 TR2021018619 A2 TR 2021018619A2 TR 2021/018619 A TR2021/018619 A TR 2021/018619A TR 2021018619 A TR2021018619 A TR 2021018619A TR 2021018619 A2 TR2021018619 A2 TR 2021018619A2
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TR
Turkey
Prior art keywords
gel
batteries
additives
additive
gel type
Prior art date
Application number
TR2021/018619A
Other languages
Turkish (tr)
Inventor
Gençten Metin
Şahi̇n Yücel
Original Assignee
Univ Yildiz Teknik
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Publication date
Application filed by Univ Yildiz Teknik filed Critical Univ Yildiz Teknik
Priority to TR2021/018619A priority Critical patent/TR2021018619A2/en
Publication of TR2021018619A2 publication Critical patent/TR2021018619A2/en
Priority to PCT/TR2022/051322 priority patent/WO2023107049A2/en

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/06Lead-acid accumulators
    • H01M10/08Selection of materials as electrolytes
    • H01M10/10Immobilising of electrolyte
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/06Lead-acid accumulators
    • H01M10/12Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/121Valve regulated lead acid batteries [VRLA]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4235Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/023Gel electrode
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0002Aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0005Acid electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0011Sulfuric acid-based
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0085Immobilising or gelification of electrolyte
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

Buluş esas olarak, sözü edilen özelliklere sahip jel tipi kurşun asit akülerin elde edilebilmesine yönelik jel kaynağı silikaların performanslarını iyileştirici katkı maddelerin elde edilmesi ve sözü edilen katkı maddelerinin jel tipi kurşun asit akülerde kullanılması ile ilgilidir. Buluş, bünyesinde grafen ve/veya türevlerini bileşen olarak içeren, bulunduğu silikat jellerin iç direnç artışının ve çökme eğilimin engellenmesini ve jel tipi aküler için yüksek elektriksel iletkenlik değerlerin artmasını sağlamak üzere kullanıma uygun bir katkı maddesidir.The invention is mainly concerned with obtaining additives that improve the performance of gel source silicas to obtain gel type lead acid batteries with the aforementioned properties, and the use of said additives in gel type lead acid batteries. The invention is an additive that contains graphene and/or its derivatives as a component and is suitable for use in order to prevent the increase in internal resistance and collapse tendency of the silicate gels it contains, and to increase the high electrical conductivity values for gel type batteries.

Description

TARIFNAME JEL TIPI AKÜLER içiN YENI BIR KATKI MADDESI TEKNIK ALAN Bulus, silika jellerin iç direnç artisinin ve çökme egiliminin engellendigi, yüksek elektriksel iletkenlik degerlerin ve uzun kullanim ömürlerinin elde edildigi jel tipi kursun asit akülerin eldesine yönelik kullanima uygun yeni bir katki maddesi ile Bulus esas olarak, sözü edilen özelliklere sahip jel tipi kursun asit akülerin elde edilebilmesine yönelik jel kaynagi silikalarin performanslarini iyilestirici katki maddelerin elde edilmesi ve sözü edilen katki maddelerinin jel tipi kursun asit akülerde kullanilmasi ile ilgilidir. ÖNCEKI TEKNIK Günümüzde enerjinin depolanmasinda lityum iyon piller siklikla kullanilmaktadir. Yüksek performans ve iyi bir kullanim ömrüne sahip olan lityum iyon pillerin hammaddesi olan lityumun rezervleri gün geçtikçe azalmaktadir. Bunun yani sira lityumun yüksek patlama ve/veya yanma gibi olumsuz etkileri de bilinmektedir. Yüksek performans ve kullanim ömürlerine sahip olmalarina ragmen lityum pillerin, -lityumdan kaynakli- bu olumsuz özelliklerinden dolayi ilerleyen dönemlerde kullanimlari azalacagi düsünülmektedir. Kursun asit bataryalar, ticari kullanima sunulan ilk sarjli bataryalardir. Uzun geçmise sahip olsalar da kursun asit bataryalar; güvenilir bir yapida ve Watt basina çok makul bir maliyetlere sahip olmalari sayesinde ilgili teknik alanda kullanimlari çok fazladir. Kursun asit kadar ucuz bir sekilde büyük güç verebilen pek az batarya çesidi vardir ve bu sayede otomobil, golf arabalari, forklift, yat ve kesintisiz güç kaynaklari gibi birçok kullanim alaninda uygun maliyet saglamaktadir. Artan teknolojik gelismeler sayesinde eskiden beri kullanilmakta olan kursun asit akülerin yerini son dönemlerde jel tipi akülere birakmaktadir. Kuru akü sinifinda yer alan jel tipi akünün içerisinde sivi degil, jel kivaminda elektrolit bulunmaktadir. Akünün içerisindeki jel kivam, sülfürik asit ve isli silikanin homojen olarak karistirilmasiyla elde edilmektedir. Jel aküler, yüksek sicakliga ve titresime karsi dayanikli olmasi sayesinde denizcilik, rüzgar enerjisi, günes enerjisi gibi yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarinda yogun olarak tercih edilmektedir. Jel tipi akülerin, diger akü türlerinden ayristiran en önemli özelligi derin desarj imkâni sunmasidir. Bu sayede her sarj edisten sonra diger akülerin aksine jel akünün, kullanim ömrü kisalmamakta ve verimliligi düsmemektedir. Jel tipi akülerde, jel kaynagi olarak silikat esasli yapilar kullanilmaktadir. Sözü edilen silikat esasli jellerin; kararliliginin düsük olmasi, çökme egilimi göstermesi ve iç direncin yüksek olmasi gibi olumsuz özellikleri bulunmaktadir. Jel silikat yapilarin bu olumsuz özelliklerini iyilestirmeye yönelik teknikte pek çok farkli yapida katki malzemesi kullanilmaktadir. Sözü edilen katki maddeleri olarak TiO2, Na2SO4, gibsit, böhmit, poliol türevi bilesikler teknikte kullanilmaktadir. Ancak bu katki maddelerinin, istenilen elektriksel iletkenlik degerlerini verememesi, pahali olmalari ve/veya çevreye olan zararlari teknikteki uzmanlar tarafindan bilinmektedir. Jel hammadde kaynagi olarak kullanilan silikatlarin özelliklerini iyilestirmek nihai ürün olan jel tipi kursun asit akülerinde performanslarini arttiracaktir. Mevcut jel tipi kursun asit akülerin, silikatlardan kaynakli problemlerin önüne geçebilmek ve yüksek performans göstermelerini saglayabilmek için yeni katki maddelerin elde edilmesine yönelik çalismalar devam etmektedir. Sonuç olarak, yukarida bahsedilen tüm sorunlar, ilgili teknik alanda bir yenilik yapmayi zorunlu hale getirmistir. BULUSUN KISA AÇIKLAMASI Mevcut bulus, yukarida bahsedilen dezavantajlari ortadan kaldirmak ve ilgili teknik alana yeni avantajlar getirmek üzere, jel tipi kursun asit aküler için kullanima uygun Bulusun bir amaci, jel tipi aküler bünyesinde yer alan jellerin, iç direnç artisinin ve çökme egilimlerinin ortadan kaldirilmasini saglayan yeni bir katki maddesi eldesi ile ilgilidir. Bu sayede silikat jellerinden kaynakli problemlerin ortadan kaldirildigi ve yüksek performans ve kullanim ömürlerine sahip jel tipi kursun asit akülerin elde edilebilmesi mümkün olmaktadir. Bulusun bir amaci, jel tipi kursun asit aküler bünyesinde yer alan jeller için kullanima uygun maliyetleri düsük ve çevre için zararli olmayan katki maddesi ortaya koymaktir. Bu sayede mevcut katki maddelerin kullanimlarinin azaltilmasi ve daha iyi performans gösterebilen katki maddelerinin kullanimi saglanabilmektedir. BULUSUN DETAYLI AÇIKLAMASI Bu detayli açiklamada bulus konusu, silika jellerin iç direnç artisinin ve çökme egiliminin engellendigi, yüksek elektriksel iletkenlik degerlerin ve uzun kullanim ömürlerinin elde edildigi jel tipi kursun asit akülerin eldesine yönelik kullanima uygun yeni bir katki maddesi ile ilgili olup sadece konunun daha iyi anlasilmasina yönelik hiçbir sinirlayici etki olusturmayacak örneklerle açiklanmaktadir. Bulusta "jel tipi aküler" derken içerisinde jel-jöle kivaminda elektrolitleri barindiran aküler ifade edilmektedir. Bu akü türü bünyesinde sivi degil, jel kivaminda elektrolitleri barindirmaktadir. Bulusta jel tipi akülerin hammaddesi olan jel, silika ve sülfürik asidin homojen bir sekilde karistirilmasi sonucu elde edilmektedir. Bu akülerdeki asit, jel yogunluguna sahiptir. Bu yogunluk, akünün desarj ve titreme toleransini oldukça fazla yukariya çekmektedir. Jellesmis asit içeren jel aküler, valf ayarli ve bakim gerektirmeyen kursun asit akü grubunda yer almaktadir. Bu akülerin sivi ve kalsiyum alasimlarindan dolayi, çalistirilmadiklari sürelerde oldukça az seviyede desarj oranlarina sahiptir. Jel aküler hiçbir sivi seviyesi kontrolü ya da su ekleme gerektirmemektedir. Jel tipi aküler dönüsüm prensibiyle çalismaktadir. Bu ise akünün içinde bulunan gaz haldeki elementlerin yogunlasarak kimyasal tepkimeye girmesiyle meydana gelmektedir. Bulusta sözü edilen çalisma prensibine sahip jel tipi akülerde, jel kaynagi olarak silikat bazli bilesikler kullanilmaktadir. Sözü edilen silikat jel, tercihen isli silikat (fumed silika olarak da ifade edilebilir) bilesiklerinden elde edilmektedir. Mevcut teknikte kullanilan silikat jeller, aküler bünyesinde jel kaynagi olarak kullanim süreleri boyunca çökme egilimleri göstermekte ve iç dirençlerinde artislar gerçeklesmektedir. Jel tipi akülerde, kullanilan jellerin bu olumsuz özelliklerinin ortadan kaldirilmasi bulus konusudur. Bu bulusta, ilgili teknik alanda sözü edilen olumsuzluklarin kaldirilabilmesi için jel tipi akülerde kullanima uygun yeni katki maddeleri sunulmaktadir. Ilgili teknik alanda, silikatlarin özelliklerini gelistirmek ve dogasi geregi olumsuz özelliklerinin etkilerini azaltmak için birçok katki maddesi kullanilmaktadir. Bu katki maddeleri genellikle TiO2, Na2SO4, gibsit, böhmit, poliol türevi bilesikleri malzeme grubundan seçilmektedir. Bu bilesiklerin, jel tipi akülerde katki maddesi olarak kullanilmak için maliyetli, çevreye zarar verici ve elektriksel iletkenliklerinin düsük oldugu tespit edilmistir. Bu bulusta jel tipi aküler, mevcut katki maddelerin aksine çevre için zararli olmayan, maliyetleri düsük ve elektriksel iletkenlikleri yüksek olan grafen ve/veya türevleri malzeme grubundan seçilen bir bilesigi katki maddesi olarak içermektedir. Söz konusu grafen esasli malzemelerin teorik iletkenlik degerleri grafen esasli malzemelerin teorik iletkenlik degeri 104-105 S/m araliginda bir degerdedir. Bulusta "grafen bilesigi", karbon atomunun biratom kalinliginda katmanda meydana gelmis altigen örgü seklinde bir maddedir. Bulusta silikat jellerin, bünyesinde karbon esasli grafen ve/veya türevleri bilesiklerin katki madde olarak eklenmesi ile birlikte iç direncin düsürülmesi saglanmaktadir. Ayrica yine grafen ve/veya türevi bilesiklerin katki maddesi olarak eklenmesi ile birlikte silikat jellerin çökme egilimi de engellenebilmektedir. Mevcut bulusa konu silikat jellerine eklenen katki maddesinde bulunan aktif gruplar hidrolize olmus silika partikülleri ile etkileserek, jel sisteminin kolloidal kararliligini artirmaktadir. Bulus konusu jel tipi akü, bünyesinde grafen ve/veya türevi bilesikleri katki maddesi olarak içerir, burada söz konusu katki maddesi olan grafen bilesikleri de bünyesinde katki elementlerini içerebilmektedir. Bulusta heteroatom katkili grafen bileseni olarak tanimlanabilir bu bilesikler, bünyesinde -0, -Cl, -8, -N, -P, -Si, -F elementlerini katki elementi olarak içerebilmektedir. Bulusun tercih edilen yapilanmasi, katki maddesi grafen ve/veya türevi bilesikler bünyesinde -0, -Cl, -8, - N, -P, -Si, -F elementlerinden birini katki elementi olarak içermesidir. Bulusun tercih edilen yapilanmasi, katki maddesi grafen ve/veya türevi bilesikler bünyesinde -O, - Cl, -8, -N, -P, -Si, -F elementlerinden en az ikisinin kombine edilmis yapilarini içermesidir. Bulus konusu jel tipi akü bünyesinde katki maddesi olarak grafen içerir, bunun yani sira grafen oksit bilesiklerini de bilesen olarak içerir. Burada grafen oksit bileseni bünyesinde, -0, -Cl, -8, -N, -P, -Si, -F elementlerinden en az birini katki elementi olarak içerebilir. Bulusta bu sekilde elde edilen bilesene heteroatom katki grafen oksit bilesigi denilebilmektedir. Bulusun tercih edilen yapilanmasi, jel tipi akülerde jel kaynagi olan silikatlarin olumsuz özelliklerin engellenmesi ve elektriksel iletkenliklerini arttirmak üzere bünyesine katki maddeleri eklenmektedir, katki maddesi olarak grafen, heteroatom katki grafen, grafen oksit ve/veya heteroatom katkili grafen oksit bilesiklerinden en birini, birkaçinin kombinasyonunu veya hepsini birden bilesen olarak içerebilir. Bulusun tercih edilen yapilanmalari asagida paylasilmaktadir, - jel tipi akülerde jel kaynagi silikatlar bünyesinde katki maddesi olarak grafen - jel tipi akülerde jel kaynagi silikatlar bünyesinde katki maddesi olarak grafen oksit içerir, - jel tipi akülerde jel kaynagi silikatlar bünyesinde katki maddesi olarak heteroatom katki grafen içerir, jel tipi akülerde jel kaynagi silikatlar bünyesinde katki maddesi olarak katki maddesi olarak grafen ve heteroatom katkili grafen içerir, - jel tipi akülerde jel kaynagi silikatlar bünyesinde katki maddesi olarak grafen, heteroatom katkili grafen ve heteroatom katkili grafen oksit içerir. Bulusta siIikat bazli jellerin eldesi teknikte bilinen usuller ile gerçeklestirilebilmektedir. Jellerin hammaddesi olarak isli silika ve sülfürik asit kullanilmaktadir. Bu iki bilesenin belli sürelerde karistirilmasi esnasinda elde edilen jel yapiya bulusta verilen yapilanmalarda katki maddeleri ilave edilmektedir. Islem sonunda, jel tipi akülerde kullanima uygun isli siIikat esasli jeller elde edilebilmektedir. Bulusta jel eldesi kütlece %1-50 araliginda bir degerde isli silika çözeltisi ve kütlece Burada karistirma islemi, 1-5000 rpm arasinda bir degerde 1-500 dakika araliginda bir süre boyunca gerçeklestirilmektedir. Karistirma esnasinda belli bir hacme ulasan karisima katki maddeleri eklenmektedir. Burada katki maddesi jel içerisine kütlece %0,001-10 arasinda bir degerde ilave edilmektedir. Tercihen katki maddesi, jel bünyesinde agirlikça %0,1 ila 1 araliginda bir degerde olmasidir. En tercih edileni katki maddesinin, jel bünyesinde agirlikça %0,4 olmasidir. Elde edilen nihai ürün siIikat esasli jel ve bu jel yapisina hapsolmus katki maddeleri seklindedir. Bulus konusu katki maddesi, siIikat yapilarin çökelmesine akülerin kullanimi esnasinda çökelmelerine engel olmaktadir. Katki maddeleri, silika jel içerisinde hapsolmus vaziyette yer almasiyla birlikte silikatlardan kaynakli iç direnç artislarinin engellenmesini saglamaktadir. Bulus konusu jel tipi aküler katki maddesi olarak grafen ve/veya türevleri bilesikleri içermektedir. Bu bilesiklerin katki maddesi olarak kullanilmasi ile birlikte jel tipi aküler yüksek elektriksel iletkenliklere sahip olmasi saglanabilmektedir. Bulus sahipleri ayrica teknik alana katki saglamak üzere bulusa konu katki maddesi içeren silika jeller ile ilgili test sonuçlari paylasmislardir. 0 N-Katki/i grafen oksit ve fumed silika jel bazli elektrot/arin hazirlanmasi N-katkili grafen oksit tozlari 5 M nitrik asit çözeltisinde hazirlanir ve 2,3 V Ag/AgCl ile (3 M KCI içerisinde) grafit çubuk üzerine teknikte bilinen usuller ile kaplanir. N-katkili grafen oksit içermeyen elektrolit bünyesinde agirlikça %30 oraninda sülfürik asit ve agirlikça %6 fumed silika içerir. Jel elektrolitlerin hazirlanmasinda agirlikça %30 oraninda sülfürik asit, agirlikça %6 oraninda fumed silika karistirilarak elde edildi. Elde edilen bu karisima sirasiyla agirlikça %0,2, %0,4, %0,6 ve %0,8 ve %1 oranlarinda N-katkili grafen oksit ilave Tüm bu elde edilen numuneler için teknikte bilinen yöntemler ile Tablo 1'deki veriler elde edildi. Buna göre elde N-katkili grafen oksit içeren isli jelleri içeren elektrolit, Rs (ohm), Rct (ohm), W, Ecorr/V, icorr/mA degerleri ölçülmüstür. Agirlikça Rs (ohm) Rct (ohm) W EcorrN IcorrImA N-katkili grafen Tablo 1. Farkli miktarlarda N-katkili grafen oksit içeren ve hiç içermeyen fumed silika bazli jellesmis elektrolitlerin Rs (ohm), Rct (ohm), W, Ecorr/V, icorr/mA degerleri Tablo 1 incelendiginde heteroatom katkili bir katki maddesinin, jellesmis fumed silika elektrolit içerisinde yer almasi elektrolitin performansina olumlu yönde katki verdigi görülmektedir. Bulusun koruma kapsami ekte verilen istemlerde belirtilmis olup kesinlikle bu detayli anlatimda örnekleme amaciyla anlatilanlarla sinirli tutulamaz. Zira teknikte uzman bir kisinin, bulusun ana temasindan ayrilmadan yukarida anlatilanlar isiginda benzer yapilanmalar ortaya koyabilecegi açiktir. TR DESCRIPTION A NEW ADDITIVE FOR GEL TYPE BATTERIES TECHNICAL FIELD The invention essentially consists of a new additive suitable for use in the production of gel type lead acid batteries, where the internal resistance increase and collapse tendency of silica gels are prevented, high electrical conductivity values and long service life are obtained. is related to obtaining additives that improve the performance of gel source silicas for obtaining gel type lead acid batteries with the mentioned properties and using the said additives in gel type lead acid batteries. BACKGROUND ART Nowadays, lithium ion batteries are frequently used to store energy. The reserves of lithium, which is the raw material of lithium-ion batteries with high performance and a good lifespan, are decreasing day by day. In addition, the negative effects of lithium such as high explosion and/or burning are also known. Although they have high performance and lifespan, it is thought that the use of lithium batteries will decrease in the future due to these negative properties - originating from lithium. Lead acid batteries were the first rechargeable batteries to be introduced into commercial use. Although they have a long history, lead acid batteries; Since they have a reliable structure and a very reasonable cost per Watt, they are widely used in the relevant technical field. There are very few types of batteries that can provide large power as cheaply as lead acid, and thus provide cost-effectiveness in many areas of use such as automobiles, golf carts, forklifts, yachts and uninterruptible power supplies. Thanks to increasing technological developments, lead acid batteries, which have been used for a long time, have recently been replaced by gel type batteries. The gel type battery, which is in the dry battery class, contains electrolyte in gel consistency, not liquid. The gel consistency inside the battery is obtained by homogeneously mixing sulfuric acid and fumed silica. Gel batteries are widely preferred in renewable energy sources such as maritime, wind energy and solar energy, thanks to their resistance to high temperatures and vibration. The most important feature that distinguishes gel type batteries from other battery types is that they offer deep discharge opportunity. In this way, unlike other batteries, the lifespan of the gel battery does not shorten and its efficiency does not decrease after each charge. In gel type batteries, silicate-based structures are used as the gel source. The mentioned silicate based gels; It has negative properties such as low stability, tendency to collapse and high internal resistance. Many different types of additive materials are used in the technique to improve these negative properties of gel silicate structures. TiO2, Na2SO4, gibbsite, boehmite and polyol derivative compounds are used in the technique as the mentioned additives. However, experts in the art know that these additives do not provide the desired electrical conductivity values, are expensive, and/or are harmful to the environment. Improving the properties of silicates used as gel raw material sources will increase the performance of the final product, gel type lead acid batteries. Studies are continuing to obtain new additives to prevent problems caused by silicates in existing gel-type lead acid batteries and to ensure their high performance. As a result, all the problems mentioned above have made it necessary to make an innovation in the relevant technical field. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is suitable for use in gel-type lead acid batteries in order to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages and bring new advantages to the relevant technical field. An aim of the invention is to provide new solutions that enable the gels in gel-type batteries to eliminate the increase in internal resistance and tendency to collapse. It is about obtaining an additive. In this way, it is possible to obtain gel-type lead acid batteries that eliminate the problems caused by silicate gels and have high performance and lifespan. An aim of the invention is to provide an additive that is suitable for use in gels in gel-type lead acid batteries, has low costs and is not harmful to the environment. In this way, the use of existing additives can be reduced and the use of additives that can perform better can be ensured. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In this detailed explanation, the subject of the invention is about a new additive suitable for use in the production of gel type lead acid batteries, where the increase in internal resistance and collapse tendency of silica gels are prevented, high electrical conductivity values and long lifespan are obtained, and it is only for a better understanding of the subject. It is explained with examples that will not create any limiting effect. In the invention, when we say "gel type batteries", we mean batteries containing electrolytes in gel-jelly consistency. This type of battery contains gel-like electrolytes, not liquid. In the invention, gel, which is the raw material of gel type batteries, is obtained by homogeneously mixing silica and sulfuric acid. The acid in these batteries has a gel density. This density increases the discharge and vibration tolerance of the battery considerably. Gel batteries containing gelled acid are included in the valve-regulated and maintenance-free lead acid battery group. Due to the liquid and calcium alloys of these batteries, they have very low discharge rates when not operated. Gel batteries do not require any fluid level control or water addition. Gel type batteries work on the principle of conversion. This occurs when the gaseous elements in the battery condense and enter into a chemical reaction. In gel type batteries with the working principle mentioned in the invention, silicate-based compounds are used as gel sources. The silicate gel in question is preferably obtained from fumed silicate (also referred to as fumed silica) compounds. Silicate gels used in the current technique tend to collapse and their internal resistance increases during their use as a gel source in batteries. The subject of the invention is to eliminate these negative properties of the gels used in gel type batteries. In this invention, new additives suitable for use in gel type batteries are presented in order to eliminate the mentioned drawbacks in the relevant technical field. In the relevant technical field, many additives are used to improve the properties of silicates and to reduce the effects of their inherently negative properties. These additives are generally selected from the material group of TiO2, Na2SO4, gibbsite, boehmite and polyol derivative compounds. It has been determined that these compounds are costly, harmful to the environment and have low electrical conductivity to be used as additives in gel type batteries. In this invention, gel type batteries contain as an additive a compound selected from the graphene and/or its derivatives material group, which, unlike existing additives, is not harmful to the environment, has low costs and has high electrical conductivity. Theoretical conductivity values of the graphene-based materials in question are in the range of 104-105 S/m. In the invention, the "graphene compound" is a substance in the form of a hexagonal lattice formed in a one-atom-thick layer of carbon atoms. In the invention, the internal resistance is reduced by adding carbon-based graphene and/or derivative compounds as additives to silicate gels. Additionally, the tendency of silicate gels to collapse can be prevented by adding graphene and/or derivative compounds as additives. The active groups in the additive added to the silicate gels of the present invention interact with the hydrolyzed silica particles and increase the colloidal stability of the gel system. The gel type battery of the invention contains graphene and/or derivative compounds as additives, where graphene compounds, which are the additives in question, may also contain additive elements. These compounds, which can be defined as heteroatom-doped graphene components in the invention, may contain -0, -Cl, -8, -N, -P, -Si, -F elements as dopant elements. The preferred embodiment of the invention is that the additive contains one of the elements -0, -Cl, -8, -N, -P, -Si, -F as an additive element in graphene and/or derivative compounds. The preferred embodiment of the invention is that the additive contains the combined structures of at least two of the elements -O, -Cl, -8, -N, -P, -Si, -F within graphene and/or derivative compounds. The gel type battery of the invention contains graphene as an additive, as well as graphene oxide compounds as a component. Here, the graphene oxide component may contain at least one of the elements -0, -Cl, -8, -N, -P, -Si, -F as an additive element. In the invention, the compound obtained in this way can be called a heteroatom doped graphene oxide compound. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, additives are added to silicates, which are the gel source in gel type batteries, in order to prevent the negative properties and increase their electrical conductivity. As an additive, graphene, heteroatom doped graphene, graphene oxide and/or heteroatom doped graphene oxide compounds, or a combination of several of them. It may contain all of them as components. Preferred embodiments of the invention are shared below, - in gel type batteries, gel source silicates contain graphene as an additive, - in gel type batteries, gel source silicates contain graphene oxide as an additive, - in gel type batteries, gel source silicates contain heteroatom added graphene as an additive, In gel type batteries, gel source silicates contain graphene and heteroatom doped graphene as additives, - in gel type batteries, gel source silicates contain graphene, heteroatom doped graphene and heteroatom doped graphene oxide as additives. In the invention, silicate-based gels can be obtained by methods known in the art. Fumed silica and sulfuric acid are used as raw materials of gels. In the embodiments given in the invention, additives are added to the gel structure obtained by mixing these two components for a certain period of time. At the end of the process, fumed silicate-based gels suitable for use in gel type batteries can be obtained. In the invention, the gel is obtained by using fumed silica solution at a value between 1-50% by mass and the mixing process is carried out for a period of 1-500 minutes at a value between 1-5000 rpm. During mixing, additives are added to the mixture when it reaches a certain volume. Here, the additive is added into the gel at a level between 0.001-10% by mass. Preferably, the additive is in the range of 0.1 to 1% by weight in the gel. The most preferred additive is 0.4% by weight in the gel. The final product obtained is in the form of a silicate-based gel and additives trapped in this gel structure. The additive of the invention prevents the precipitation of silicate structures during the use of batteries. The additives are trapped in silica gel and prevent increases in internal resistance caused by silicates. The gel type batteries of the invention contain graphene and/or its derivatives as additives. By using these compounds as additives, gel type batteries can be provided with high electrical conductivity. The inventors also shared test results regarding silica gels containing the additive of the invention in order to contribute to the technical field. 0 Preparation of N-Doped graphene oxide and fumed silica gel based electrodes/ars N-doped graphene oxide powders are prepared in 5 M nitric acid solution and applied to the graphite rod with 2.3 V Ag/AgCl (in 3 M KCl) using methods known in the art. It is covered with . N-doped graphene oxide-free electrolyte contains 30% sulfuric acid by weight and 6% fumed silica by weight. In the preparation of gel electrolytes, 30% by weight sulfuric acid was obtained by mixing 6% by weight fumed silica. N-doped graphene oxide was added to this mixture at the rates of 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8% and 1% by weight, respectively. For all these obtained samples, the data in Table 1 was obtained using methods known in the art. was obtained. Accordingly, Rs (ohm), Rct (ohm), W, Ecorr/V, icorr/mA values of the electrolyte containing N-doped graphene oxide-containing soot gels were measured. Rs (ohm) Rct (ohm) W EcorrN IcorrImA by weight , icorr/mA values When Table 1 is examined, it is seen that the presence of a heteroatom additive in the gelled fumed silica electrolyte contributes positively to the performance of the electrolyte. The scope of protection of the invention is specified in the attached claims and cannot be limited to what is explained in this detailed description for exemplary purposes. Because it is clear that a person skilled in the art can produce similar structures in the light of what is explained above, without deviating from the main theme of the invention. TR

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