SU970042A1 - Device for automatically igniting burner of boiler unit - Google Patents

Description

(54) DEVICE FOR AUTOMATIC FIRING OF THE BOILER BURNER

one

The invention relates to a power system and MqjxeT to be used for automatic ignition of boiler burners and industrial furnaces.

A device for automatic ignition of a burner of a boiler unit is known, comprising a fuel supply valve connected to an executing mechanism, a command unit, sensors for the main flame of the torch and fuel consumption 1.

The disadvantage of this device is that when turning on the burner of high performance when the valve is fully opened on the fuel for 10-15 seconds, the thermal power of the pilot flame is not enough to ignite the main fuel, which reduces the reliability of the boiler unit due to the formation of an explosive mixture .

Closest to the present invention is a device for automatic ignition of a boiler burner comprising a control panel, an electrothermal pilot light with control and power control units connected to the first element I, blocks controlling and controlling its position, a fuel oil valve with a control unit for its position associated the second and third And elements and the sensor controlling its position, connected together with the outputs of the mode selectors and setting the time intervals to the second and third elements am And flame monitoring sensor connected to the third element, and the signaling unit associated with vy10 moves all of said sensors and a mode selection control blocks and specifying time slots 2.

The disadvantage of this known device is that when using electrothermal ignitors, the accuracy of the ignition algorithm is reduced.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of operation when using electrothermal pilot lights.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the time interval task block is designed as a counter connected to a decoder and through its

25 element And with a reference frequency generator and a trigger, to which the outputs of the first And element and the decoder are connected.

The drawing shows a block diagram of the proposed device. The device contains a block 1 of the pilot position control, a block 2 of the power supply control of the igniter, a sunroof 3 electrothermal with a drive, the first and second elements are AND 4 and 5, respectively, element b OR, the block 7 controlling the current of the ignitor, block 9 alarm , the third element AND 10 sensor 11 control of the cell, the fourth and fifth elements AND 12 and 13, respectively, the mode selection block 14, trigger 15, the electrode current control block 16, the oil gate state control block 17, sixth, seventh and sixth eighth element And 19, 20 and 21, respectively, the counter 22, the fuel oil valve with a drive 23, a sensor 24 slots, a reference frequency generator 25, the control unit 26 fuel oil damper, the remote control 27. The pilot position control unit 1 generates signals characterizing the pilot position 3, KOTopt.ie, via elements 4 and 5, is fed to the inputs of the pilot position control unit 8. The block 1 block is characterized by the following states of the igniter 3: the igniter in the firebox, the igniter removed from. Block 1 is controlled by the power output of the igniter 3. Block 1 includes limit switches, levers, normalizers, designed to match the output level of the block signals with the input signals of integrated circuits. The power control unit 2 of the blade generates signals arriving at the inputs of elements 4, b and 10, respectively. In this case, the igniter is injected into the furnace, current is applied to the electrodes and the sensor starts 24 time intervals. The block includes triggers and}) evaluators. The inclusion of block 2 is carried out by the operator from the console 27 controls. The igniter 3 electrothermal is designed to create a spark, through which it ignites the fuel entering the burner. The unit includes the actual igniter with electrodes, an AC reversible motor, a reducer, a thyristor node controlling the operation of the motor, and also a pulse transformer. The pilot is controlled by the signals of the blocks 8 and 16. Elements 4 and 5 control the switching on and off, respectively, of the pilot position control unit 8. Element b OR controls the operation of element 5. The inputs of the element receive signals from the outputs of block 2, decoder 18 and b-choke 26. Block 7 for controlling the current of the heater reliable ignition of the fuel entering the burner, unit 7 starts the sensor 24 time intervals, thereby allowing further continuation of the ignition process. The unit includes a current transformer, current relay, Schmitt trigger, normalizer. The ignition position control unit 8 generates signals according to which the switch on, off and reverse of the ignition drive motor 3. The unit includes triggers, power amplifiers, as well as a protection unit against false alarms. The block can be controlled both from the remote control 27 during remote ignition, and by means of elements 4 and 5 in the automatic ignition mode. The alarm unit 9 is designed to reflect the progress of the ignition process and induces the states of all the main units of the device, as well as other information necessary for the normal implementation of the ignition process. The unit includes boards, power amplifiers, triggers and keys. The inputs of the block receive information from blocks 2, 1, 7, 14, 17, sensor 11, decoder 18, as well as control panel 27. Element 10 triggers sensor 24 trigger 24 timeslots. A torch control sensor 11 detects the presence of a steady torch in the burner. The unit includes a pyrometric sensor, a linear amplifier, a Schmitt trigger, a normalizer. Schmitt trigger introduces a hysteresis in the signal of the pyrometric sensor, thereby increasing the reliability of: 1X signal; 1lov. Elements 12 and 13 control the operation of the electrode current control unit 16. The mode selection unit 14 performs the acquisition and switching of the units of the device corresponding to the selected ignition mode. The unit is controlled from the control panel 27. The block consists of switches that carry out switching of blocks, triggers, which store the operating mode and control keys, as well as normalizers. The trigger 15 is designed to control the operation of the element 21 and is controlled by the means of the element 10 that activates it, as well as the deashfrator 18, which deactivates it. The electrode current control unit 16 performs the switching

filament current of the igniter 3. The block is similar to block 8. The block can be controlled from the control panel 27 in the remote ignition mode, as well as by means of elements 12 and 13 in the automatic ignition mode.

The oil control valve control unit 17 generates signals controlling the operation of the elements 19 and 20. Block 17 produces signals: the fuel oil valve is open, the fuel oil valve is closed. The composition of the block is similar to block 1.

The decoder 18 is designed to decipher the states of the counter 22 and controls the operation of the trigger 15, the element b OR, as well as the elements 19 and 20.

Elements 19 and -20 carry out switching on and off, respectively, of block 26.

Element 21 permits the arrival of clock pulses from the generator 25 to the input of the counter 22, controlled by the trigger 15.

The counter 22 counts the number of clock pulses of the reference frequency from the generator 25 through the element 21.

Fuel oil valve 23 with a drive is designed to supply fuel to the spray in the furnace. Controlled by block 26; Block composition is similar to block 3.

The sensor 24 time intervals produces signals that follow one after another at certain intervals and are intended for time synchronization of the operation of the device blocks. The sensor includes a trigger 15, a decoder 18, And 21, a counter 22 and a reference frequency generator 25. The generator 25 consists of a self-excited oscillator with quartz frequency stabilization and frequency dividers. The sensor operates 24 time intervals as follows. The signal from the output of element 10 switches trigger 15 to the state of logical one. Initially, trigger 15 is in the state of logical zero. Trigger 15 in turn enables operation of element 21. At the same time, the reference frequency pulses from the output of generator 25, which operates continuously during the entire ignition process, through element 21 are fed to the counter 22 input. the first pulse to the input of the counter 22, the decoder 18 decodes the state of the counter 22 and generates a signal arriving at one of the inputs of the signaling unit 9, which by ignition of the corresponding board indicates that the flow of the rose Gig until now has been carried out in accordance with the ignition algorithm.

burner. The reference frequency pulses continue to flow from the output of the generator 25 to the input of the counter 22. After a time interval that takes into account the inertia of the ignition process of the igniter electrodes and is necessary for them to reach the temperature of a reliable fuel oil flash, the decoder 18 generates a second signal arriving at one of the inputs of the element 19. When This is done by opening the fuel oil valve 23 and the fuel is sprayed into the burner. After a time interval that is longer than the first by 16–20 s and takes into account the full opening of the fuel oil valve 23,

5 and the inertia of the sensor 11 of the control of the torch, the decoder 18 produces the following signal, which is fed to one of the inputs of the element 20. If, prior to this Moment, the ignition process was carried out in accordance with the ignition algorithm, then the fuel oil valve 23 is blocked and remains open, i.e. . fuel is continuously fed to the furnace. In the opposite case, other units of the device are activated. The impulse of the reference frequency continues to arrive at the input of the counter 22. After a time interval of 30 minutes, the decoder 18 produces the following signal, which is fed to one of the inputs of element 6,

In this case, the igniter is removed from the furnace, i.e. the ignition process is almost complete. Before

At this moment, the igniter was in the furnace, which, when the torch extinguished, made it possible to carry out a repeated ignition cycle in a shorter time. A time interval of 30 minutes allows for steady burning of the torch.

0 By the next signal, the decoder 18 sets the trigger 15 to the initial state of logic zero, thereby prohibiting the arrival of reference frequency pulses at the input of the counter 22. Thus, the time sensor 24 is turned off until the next ignition cycle.

The fuel oil valve control unit 26, in accordance with the signals supplied by the elements 19 and 20, opens and closes the fuel oil valve, thereby allowing or prohibiting the flow of fuel to the spray in the burner. The composition of the block ana5 logical block 8.

The control panel 27 is designed to coordinate the operator of the process of ignition and remote control of the ignition device, as well as other devices involved in the ignition, for example, the air supply device to the burner. The control panel includes keys, switches, boards, emitter followers, and

five

power amplifiers that allow control signals to be broadcast over a considerable distance.

The automatic ignition of the burner of the boiler unit provides for the possibility of functioning in the remote (manual.) And automatic modes of controlling the ignition process, which are set from the operator's control panel and provide. mode selector block.

The device works as follows.

Let us consider the operation of the device in the remote distribution mode, when the control of the ignition process is carried out manually by the operator from the control panel.

In the initial state, all units of the device are powered, as indicated by the scoreboard. Power is supplied from the control panel 27. The ignition position control units 8, the electrode current control 16 and the fuel oil control valve 26 are switched off, which indicates that the electrothermal igniter 3 is outside the furnace, the pilot electrodes 3 are de-energized, and the fuel oil valve 23 is closed. The signals from the outputs of the pilot position control unit 1, 7 control of the filament current and 17 monitoring of the condition of the fuel oil valve are sent to the alarm unit 9, which informs the operator that the device is ready for ignition. Before starting the ignition, the operator from the control panel 27 enters information into the mode selection unit 14, which organizes the remote ignition communications, as indicated by the alarm unit 9. With the next command, the operator switches on the power supply control unit 2 of the pilot, which is also indicated by the signaling unit 9. The signal from the output of the pilot power control unit 2 is fed to one of the inputs of the element 10, allowing its operation. Further, in accordance with the ignition algorithm, the operator issues a command to the pilot in the firebox, which is fed to the input of the pilot position control unit 8. At the same time on: inayts the movement of the igniter 3 in the mold. As soon as the igniter 3 takes its position in the firebox, the control unit 1 of the ignition unit generates an ignal input to the signaling unit 9. After receiving information about the execution of the 1 and the command from the signaling unit 9, the teerator sends the command –– to the heating current pickup unit 16, which in turn supplies the igniter 3 of the supply voltage, which the shktrods begin to pump. As quickly as the current of the electrodes reaches a nominal value, providing a reliable flash of fuel oil,

The filament current monitoring unit 7 generates a signal that enters the alarm unit 9 and, through element 10, starts the sensor for 24 time intervals. Block 9 alarm indicates the presence of current filament electrodes. The signal from the output of the decoder 18 sensor 24 time intervals enters the alarm unit 9, which lights the board Fuel oil is allowed. With the next command, the operator turns on the oil-valve control unit 26, which in turn opens the fuel oil valve 23. Once the fuel oil valve 23 is fully opened, the fuel oil valve state control unit 17 issues a signal to the alarm unit 9, which carries out a corresponding indication on the display. Ko- When the torch reaches steady speed and the corresponding dimensions, the torch control sensor 11 outputs a signal to the alarm unit 9, which lights the display. The torch is lit. If the process of kindling occurs in accordance with the ignition algorithm, then after a time interval of approximately 30 minutes, the decoder 18 of the sensor 24 time intervals produces a signal that goes to one of the inputs of element 6. Element 6 through element 5, which is enabled by block 1 controlling the position of the igniter, since the igniter 3 is in the furnace, switches off the igniter position control unit 8. In this case, the igniter 3 is removed from the furnace and the electrodes are switched off. The signaling unit 9 carries out a corresponding indication. The time interval of 30 minutes, when the zapapnik 3 is in the firebox, allows reducing the time for re-ignition, when the torch goes out. As soon as the alarm unit 9 receives information about the output of the pilot light 3 from the furnace and the disconnection of the electrode heat, the board is lit. Ignition is over. The 24-time sensor disconnects immediately after the signal arrives at the input of element 6. Thus, the device returns to its original state.

Consider the automatic ignition mode. The operator’s signal from the control panel 27 of the mode selection unit 14 permits and organizes automatic interaction of the device elements. The inputs of elements 13 and 19 of the mode block 14 receive signals preparing them for operation, and the input signal of the element 20 receives an enable signal, and simultaneously a signal is sent from the mode selector block to the alarm block 9 that lights up the Auto5 magic ignition. After the command

Operator’s start, which comes from the control panel 27 to the input of the pilot power control unit 2, the latter generates a signal that simultaneously enters the alarm unit 9 and the inputs of elements 4 and 10, allowing it to work. In this case, the alarm unit 9 lights the display. The pilot power supply is on, and element 4, at the second input of which there was an enable signal from the pilot position control unit 1, since the pilot light was outside the furnace, outputs a signal to the pilot position control unit 8. The ignition position control unit 8 generates a signal that enters the igniter. 3 and to the input of the element 13. This starts the movement of the igniter 3 into the furnace and the element 13, which is allowed to work by the mode selector 14, generates a turn-on signal of the electrode current control unit 16. According to the signal from the electrode current control unit 16, the ignition current 3 flows into the igniter 3. Thus, the simultaneous movement of the igniter 3 into the furnace and the heat of the electrode is organized, which significantly reduces the ignition time of the burner. As soon as the filament current of the electrode arises, the filament current control unit 7 triggers, which outputs a signal to the alarm unit 9 and to the input of the element 10, the signaling unit 9 lights the corresponding display, and the element 10 turns on the trigger 15 of the sensor for 24 time intervals. The signal from the output of the decoder 18 sensor 24 time intervals fed to the input of block 9 alarm, which signals the normal course of the ignition process. After the first time interval, which takes into account the inertia of the ignition process of the igniter electrodes 3 and is necessary to achieve a reliable flash of fuel oil, then the fuel can be fed into the burner, the decoder 18 of the time interval sensor 24 outputs a signal to the input of the element 19, at other inputs which were present the permission signals from the mode selection units 14 and the 17 monitoring of the oil valve condition, which was initially in the closed state. In this case, the element 19 generates a signal arriving at the input of the oil control valve 26. The oil control valve unit 26, in turn, opens the fuel oil valve 23, ensuring the supply of fuel oil to the burner for spraying. When the fuel oil valve 23 is opened, the oil flap control unit 17 generates a signal to the alarm unit 9, which lights the board. The fuel oil is applied, prohibits further operation of element 19 and enables operation of element 20. After a time interval that is longer than the first for 16-20 seconds and takes into account full opening of the fuel oil valve 23, as well as the time constant of the sensor 11 of the control of the torch, the decoder 18 of the sensor of the time intervals 24 generates a second signal that arrives at the element 20, If by the time of arrival

0 of this signal, the torch has ignited, then, after reacting to this, the sensor 11 of the control of the torch produces a inhibitory signal, which also enters the input of the element 20. When

5, the element 20 is blocked and, from its output, the shut-off signal does not come to the control unit for the control of the fuel oil control unit 26. Block 26 leaves the fuel oil valve 23 open and the fuel enters the burner to disperse. At the same time, the torch control sensor 11 energizes the input of the element 12, according to the signal of which the electrode current control unit 16 is triggered, stopping the supply of current to the igniter 3. The ignition process proceeds normally, the time interval sensor 24 continues its operation. Igniter 3 is in the furnace

0 until the end of the third time interval, which is set by the sensor of 24 time intervals and ensures steady burning of the torch. After the third time interval has expired, the signal from the decoder 18 of the sensor 24 is temporary

5 intervals are supplied to one of the inputs of element 6. Element 6, via element 5, switches on the igniter's position control unit 8, the pilot light 3 is brought out of the furnace with de-energized electrodes. The device automatically returns to its original state, however, the fuel oil lock 23 remains open and the burner continues to function.

If, for any reason, the flame does not ignite or goes out during ignition, the flame control sensor 11 generates a signal enabling element 12 and a signal to enter the element 20. When the signal from the decoder 18 sensor arrives 24 time intervals to the input element 20 last

5 provides for the operation of the control unit 26 of the fuel oil valve, which closes the fuel oil valve 23; Simultaneously with the closure of the fuel oil valve 23, the signal c

0 of the output of the control block 26 of the fuel oil valve is supplied to one of the inputs of element 6, which, through element 5, at one of the inputs of which was the enabling signal from block 1 of control

Claims (2)

The 5 positions of the igniter, since the latter was in the firebox, outputs a signal to the igniter position control unit 8. The igniter position control unit 8 outputs the igniter 3 from the furnace and through element 12, on one of whose inputs the enable signal from the torch control sensor 11, outputs a signal to the electrode current control unit 16, which in turn turns off the ignitor heat 3. Thus the igniter is removed from the furnace, which significantly reduces the likelihood of explosive situations and the device returns to its original state. If during the ignition the torch went out and the torch control sensor 11 did not work in any way, extra output of the igniter 3 of the furnace and its de-energization can realize the remote control operator 27, and that the automatic ignition signals by the signaling unit 9 performs control over the process of special importance in view of the kindling stage of boiler start-up. The shutdown signal is supplied from the control panel 27 to the input of the power control unit 2 of the pilot, which through the element triggers the ignition position control unit 8. Unit 8, in turn, outputs the igniter 3 from the furnace and, through element 12, starts the electrode current control unit 16, which cuts off the ignition current of the ignitor 3. In addition, the operator can immediately switch the device to the remote ignition mode and switch the units off from the control panel 27 8 controls the position of the igniter, 16 controls the electrode current and 26 controls the fuel oil valve, i.e. remove the igniter from the firebox, turn off the heat of its electrodes and close the fuel oil valve. Thus, the proposed device allows to increase the accuracy of operation when using an electrothermal igniter. Apparatus of the Invention A device for automatic ignition of a boiler burner, comprising a control panel, an electrothermal backup with power control and management units connected to the first element I, control and control units of its position, a fuel oil valve with a control unit for its position associated with the second and third elements And, and a sensor controlling its position, connected in conjunction with the outputs of the mode selector blocks and setting the time intervals to the second and third elements, And, the flame control sensor, connected to the third element I, the alarm unit associated with the outputs of all the above-mentioned sensors and control units, mode selection and time interval setting, characterized in that, in order to improve the accuracy of operation, the time interval setting block is in the form of a counter, connected with the decoder and through its element AND with the reference frequency generator and trigger, to which the outputs of the first element I. and the decoder are connected. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. US patent number 3830619, cl. 431-78, 1975. 2. Khesin M.Ya. and others. Automatic control of burners of powerful boilers. M., Energie, 1979, p. 74-81.