SU976070A1

SU976070A1 - Method of mining thick ore deposits

Info

Publication number: SU976070A1
Application number: SU813290490A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Павел Тихонович Гайдин; Гарри Гейнрихович Монингер; Владимир Александрович Ереметов; Владимир Никифорович Власов; Анатолий Емельянович Умнов; Василий Лукьянович Меер; Александр Иванович Копытов; Сергей Геннадьевич Матвеев
Original assignee: Шерегешское Рудоуправление Сибирского Горнорудного Производственного Объединения "Сибруда"
Priority date: 1981-05-18
Filing date: 1981-05-18
Publication date: 1982-11-23

Description

Изобретение относится к горной промышленности и может быть использовано при подземной разработке мощных рудных месторождений с обрушением налегающих пород.The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in underground mining of powerful ore deposits with collapse of overlying rocks.

Известен способ подземной разработки месторождений полезных ископаемых с обрушением⁵руды и вмещающих пород, включающий разбуривание и отбойку полезного ископаемого взрывными скважинами, доставку руды силой тяжести и выпуск руды под налегающими обрушенными породами (1 ].There is a method of underground mining of mineral deposits with the collapse of ⁵ ore and host rocks, including drilling and blasting of minerals by blast holes, ore delivery by gravity and the release of ore under overlying collapsed rocks (1].

Недостатками этого способа являются повышенные потери и разубоживание руды.The disadvantages of this method are increased losses and dilution of ore.

Наиболее близким к изобретению техническим решением является способ разработки по- ₁₅лезного ископаемого, включающий деление месторождения на блоки_; проходку подготовительных и нарезных выработок, образование оградительного барьера из упрочненных налегающих пород на границе с ранее отработанным ₂₀блоком, отбойку и площадной выпуск руды под налегающими породами [2].The closest technical solution to the invention is a method for development po- ₁₅ Leznov fossil comprising fission deposits in the _blocks; excavation of preparatory and rifted workings, the formation of a barrier from hardened overlying rocks at the border with the previously worked out block ₂₀ , breaking and areal ore output under overlying rocks [2].

Однако в известном способе наряду со снижением потерь и разубоживания руды возрас2 тают затраты и трудоемкость работ в связи с созданием оградительного барьера из упрочненных налегающих пород.However, in the known method, along with the reduction of losses and ore dilution, the costs and laboriousness of the work increase due to the creation of a protective barrier from hardened overlying rocks.

Цель изобретения - снижение затрат на выемку иолезного ископаемого без увеличения потерь и разубоживания руды.The purpose of the invention is to reduce the cost of extracting minerals without increasing losses and dilution of ore.

Поставленная цель достигается тем^ что согласно способу, включающему деление месторождения на блоки проходку подготовительных и нарезных выработок, образование оградительного барьера, отбойку и выпуск руды под налегающими породами, оградительный барьер образуют из ненарушенного массива блока и погашают после выпуска из блока основной части руды, причем стенкам барьера придают наклон к горизонтальной плоскости в 65-85°.This goal is achieved by the fact that according to the method, including dividing the deposit into blocks, excavating preparatory and rifling workings, forming a barrier, breaking and releasing ore under the overlying rocks, the barrier is formed from an undisturbed block array and is extinguished after the main part of the ore is released from the block, and the walls of the barrier give a slope to the horizontal plane of 65-85 °.

Кроме того, оградительный барьер формируют из отбитой переуплотненной руды.In addition, a protective barrier is formed from the beaten overconsolidated ore.

На фиг.1 показан отрабатываемый блок с оградительным барьером из неотбитой части блока, вертикальный разрез; на фиг 2 - то же, после взрыва огради тельного барьера; да фиг.З - то же с оградительным барьером из отбитой переуплотненной руды.Figure 1 shows the worked out block with a barrier from the unbroken part of the block, a vertical section; Fig. 2 is the same after the explosion of the barrier; yes fig.Z - the same with a protective barrier from broken over compacted ore.

Деление месторождений на этажи, а этажей на блоки, проходку горноподготовительных и нарезных выработок в блоке ведут известны- ₅ми приемами При нарезке выработок днища, например траншей 1 или воронок 2 на границе 3 отрабатываемого блока 4 образуют оградительный барьер из переуплотненной отбитой руды 5 над ленточным целиком 6 необразо- ю ванными воронками 7. Оградительный барьер могут выполнять также из неотбитой части руды 8 над необразованной траншеей 9.The division of deposits into floors, and floors into blocks, sinking of mining and rifling workings in the block are carried out by well-known ₅ techniques. When cutting bottom workings, for example, trenches 1 or funnels 2 at the border 3 of the mined block 4 form a protective barrier of overcompacted broken ore 5 above the tape entirely by 6 uneducated funnels 7. A barrier can also be made from the unbroken part of ore 8 above the uneducated trench 9.

При этом оградительный барьер выполняют с углами наклона стенок 65-85®, т.е. под уг- ,5 лом образующей зоны потока.In this case, the barrier is performed with the angles of inclination of the walls 65-85®, i.e. at an angle of 5 scrap of the forming zone of the flow.

После нарезки днища с траншеями 1 или воронками 2 производят отбойку руды 10 в блоке 4 известными приемами. Затем производят ее равномерный площадной выпуск ₂₀ вибрационными установками 11 или скреперными лебедками через воронки 2 под защитой оградительного барьера из неотбитой руды 8 или переуплотненной руды 5, который препятствует проникновению пустых пород 12 сбоку ₂₅из ранее отработанного блока После выпуска всей руды 10 производят выемку временного оградительного барьера, для этого бурят скважины 13 для разрушения неотбитой части руды 8 блока 4, взрывают в них заряды взрывчатых веществ и бурят скважины 14 и 15 для разрушения целика 6 и образования воронки 7. Затем ведут выпуск отбитой руды и тем самым производят погашение оградительного барьера под налегающими обрушенными породами. Высота оградительного барьера должна ³⁵быть равной 1/3-1/4 высоты блока 4, так как при этом обеспечивается минимальное разубоживание руды в блоке.After cutting the bottom with trenches 1 or funnels 2, the ore 10 is blasted out in block 4 using known techniques. Then, its uniform areal discharge is produced by ₂₀ vibrating units 11 or scraper winches through funnels 2 under the protection of a barrier from unrefined ore 8 or overconsolidated ore 5, which prevents the penetration of waste rock 12 from side ₂₅ from a previously mined block. After the release of all ore 10, a temporary protective fence is excavated barriers, for this, wells 13 are drilled to destroy the unbroken part of the ore 8 of block 4, explosive charges are blown into them and wells 14 and 15 are drilled to destroy the pillar 6 and form hopper 7. Then lead issue of broken ore and thereby produce the protective barrier extinguishment under lean caving. The height of the barrier should be ³⁵ equal to 1 / 3-1 / 4 of the height of block 4, since this ensures the minimum dilution of ore in the block.

Наличие оградительного барьера препятствует проникновению пустых пород со стороны ра нее отработанного блока, , что исключает разубоживание и потери руды.The presence of a protective barrier prevents the penetration of gangue from the side of the previously mined block, which eliminates dilution and loss of ore.

Обрушенная руда при погашении барьера располагается в виде ромба, что хорошо вписывается в эллипсоид выпуска чистой руды.When the barrier is extinguished, the collapsed ore is located in the form of a rhombus, which fits well into the ellipsoid of the output of pure ore.

Использование предлагаемого изобретения позволяет сократить затраты на выемку полезного ископаемого без увеличения потерь и разубоживания руды.The use of the invention allows to reduce the cost of mining minerals without increasing losses and dilution of ore.

Claims

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in underground mining of powerful ore deposits with overburden collapse. There is a method of underground mining of mineral deposits with the collapse of ore and host rocks, including the drilling and blasting of minerals by explosive wells, the delivery of ore by gravity and the release of ore under adjacent collapsed rocks 1. The disadvantages of this method are increased losses and dilution of ore. The closest technical solution to the invention is the method of mineral development, which includes dividing the field into blocks, driving preparatory and rifled workings, forming a barrier barrier of reinforced overburden at the border with the previously spent block, breaking down and area ore under overburden 2. In addition to reducing losses and diluting ore, this method also increases the costs and laboriousness of work in connection with the creation of a protective barrier from reinforced adjacen rocks. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the cost of mining the mineral without increasing losses and diluting the ore. The goal is achieved by those. according to the method, which includes dividing the field into blocks, driving preparatory and rifled workings, forming a barrier barrier, breaking down and dumping the ore under overlying rocks, the barrier barrier is formed from the undisturbed block massif and is redeemed after being removed from the block of the main part of the ore, and the barrier walls are tilted horizontal plane at 65-85 °. In addition, a barrier barrier is formed from repulsed repacked ore. Figure 1 shows the unit being processed with a barrier barrier from the unbroken part of the block, a vertical section; Fig 2 - the same, after the explosion of the protective barrier; n fig.Z - the same with a protective barrier of repulsed repacked ore. The division of the fields into floors, and the floors into blocks, and the excavation of mining and rifled openings in the block are carried out using well-known techniques. When cutting openings of the bottom, for example, trenches 1 or craters 2 on the border 3 of the block 4, they form a barrier of overpressed ore 5 above the ribbon one that does not form 6 The funnels 7, the barrier, can also be made from the unbroken part of the ore 8 above the uneducated trench 9. In this case, the barrier barrier is performed with the angle of inclination of the walls dS-SS, i.e. After cutting the bottom with trenches 1 or funnels 2, the ore 10 is crushed in block 4 using known techniques. Then, its uniform areal production by vibratory plants 11 or scraping winches through funnels 2 under the protection of a barrier barrier from unbroken ore 8 or ore-compacted ore 5, which prevents the penetration of waste rock 12 from the side of the previously spent block, is produced after the production of all ore 10 is dredged. temporary barrier for this, drill the well 13 to destroy the unbroken part of the ore 8 of block 4, explode in tmx charges of explosives and drill the well 14 and 15 to destroy the rear sight 6 and form oronki lead 7. Then issue of broken ore and thereby ppoizvod t repayments under the protective barrier overlying caving. The height of the barrier should be equal to 1 / 3-1 / 4 of the height of block 4, since this ensures the minimum dilution of the ore in the block. The presence of a protective barrier prevents the penetration of waste rock from the side of the previously spent unit, which eliminates the dilution and loss of ore. The crushed ore is placed in the form of a rhombus when the barrier is redeemed, which fits well with the ellipsoid of the output of pure ore. The use of the present invention allows to reduce the cost of mining the mineral without increasing losses and diluting the ore. 1. Method for the development of powerful ore deposits, including the division of the field into blocks, the excavation of preparatory and rifled workings, the formation of a protective barrier at the border with the previously spent block, blasting and area ore under overlying rocks, in order to reduce costs on the excavation of the mineral, the barrier barrier is formed from the intact array of the block and is redeemed after the main part of the ore is released from the block, with the walls of the barrier being inclined to the horizon tal plane in 65-85. 2. A process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the barrier barrier is formed from repulsed repacked ore. Sources of information taken into account in the examination. I. V. Imenitov. Underground mining processes in the development of ore deposits. M., Nedra, 1978, p.401-416.

2. USSR author's certificate number 398747, cl. E 21 C 41/06, 1971 (prototype).