SU966187A1 - Building and structure three-dimensional roofing - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the construction and can be used as a surface coating of buildings and structures.

The spatial coverage of buildings and structures polygonal in plan is known, including individual elements in the form of shells, with a central element in the form of a convex shell, supported by vertices on the foundations and having a rigid contour to which the side elements in the form of shells are attached, the inclined elements of which are attached to the supports central element 1.

The disadvantage of such a coating is an increased consumption of materials for its manufacture. ..

Coatings in the form of conjugate shells of negative Gaussian curvature on a square or polygonal plane f 2 are also known.

The disadvantages of such coatings are increased consumption of materials with a necessity in a number of cases of prestressing of elements.

The closest technical solution to the proposed one is the spatial coverage of polygonal plan structures, including a central element in the form of a polygonal shell supported on side elements in the form of shells of double curvature u3J.

The disadvantages of this type of coating are the greater effort and the contour of the coating lines, as well as the total volume

10 central element.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the material consumption of the coating by reducing the volume of the building.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in the spatial coverage of buildings and structures, including a central element in the form of a polygonal shell, supported on lateral elements in the form of double curvature shells, the central element is provided with edges intersecting at its center. shells of negative Gaussian curvature, conjugated by ribs, and side elements are made in the form of shells of positive Gaussian curvature and imaot along the axis of symmetry of the surface break.

In addition, the lateral elements of the supply of ZG gzheny additional edges located along the axis of symmetry of the side elements, while the additional edges are combined with the edges of the central element in a single system located diagonally in the polygon.

In addition, the side elements can be made of composite and two shells of negative Gaussian curvature.

FIG. 1 shows a cover / (example with a quadrangular plan), with side shells of positive Gaussian curvature, general view; on . 2 - the same, with sidewalls of negative Gaussian curvature, option.

The spatial coverage includes a central element, made of separate shells of negative Gaussian curvature 1, conjugated through a system of rigid ribs 2 intersecting in the center of the coating, and side shells of positive or negative Gaussian curvature 3 with a fracture along axes of symmetry, along the line of which the edges 4 are made, connected to the edges 2 of the central element in such a way that they form a single rigid system, which is located along the diagonal of the polygon. The presence of such a system of ribs, perceiving most of the effort due to the coverage contour, ensures the rational work of the structures.

The dismemberment of pokggi into smaller elements makes it possible to do without prestressing the reinforcement. At the same time, due to the gentler form of the central element and the negative curvature of the shells constituting it, a reduction in the volume of the room to be covered is achieved.

The variant of the coating with lateral elements of positive Gaussian curvature (Fig. 1 provides the following advantages; the contour of the central element, perceived compression force from the central shells, is unloaded through tensile forces from the side shells; the lateral shells of positive Gaussian curvature have a central element between them,

compressing action, thus reducing the tensile force in the central element.

Chop variant with negative side lateral sheaths

Gaussian curvature (Fig. 2) provides additional savings in the volume of the room.

The estimated economic effect from the introduction of such a solution

is 15 rub / m.

Invention Formula

Claims (3)

1. The spatial coverage of buildings and structures, including a central element in the form of a polygonal shell, operatic on the lateral elements in the form of double shells, curvatures, characterized in that, in order to reduce material consumption by reducing the volume of the building, the central element is provided with fins, crossing 1-dimis in its center, with this central element is made are composed of shells of negative Gaussian curvature conjugated by edges, and the side elements are made in the form of shells of positive Gaussian curvature and have symmetry axis surface kink. . 2. The coating according to claim 1, characterized in that the side elements are provided with additional edges arranged along the axis of symmetry of the side elements, wherein the additional edges are combined with the edges of the central element into a single system located along the diagonal of the polygon. 3. The coating according to claim 1, differs from that the side elements are made up of two shells of negative Gaussian curvature. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR Author's Certificate No. 308166, cl. E 04 B 7/14, 1971. 2. Mileykovsky I. Ye. And others. Gipar. M., stroiizdat, 1978, p. .23. 3. USSR author's certificate for application 2885106 / 29-33, cl. E 04 B 7/14, 20.11.80. 3 Pui.2