SU923406A1 - Sowing apparatus - Google Patents

Description

I

The invention relates to agricultural household engineering, and specifically to devices for the precise sowing of seeds of tilled crops, mainly sugar beet.

A seeding apparatus is known, comprising a hopper, a disk with radial cells, an axis, a drive, a cam and guides with ejectors installed in a disk coocifo with radial cells r.

The disadvantage of this sowing apparatus is that the upper seed collection used in its design allows qualitative dosing only when operating at speeds that are significantly lower. 1 m / s, since with an increase in the speed of rotation of the metering unit, the probability of seeds entering the cell decreases. . In addition, the presence of a difference between the translational and peripheral speeds of the seed meter leads to the fact that the seeds fall into the groove at a certain angle. The known construction does not provide for the fixation of seeds in the groove and their ejection is carried out at a certain height above the ground. This leads to the fact that the seeds irregularly move along the grooves, there occur in this case inversions, which leads to a deterioration in the accuracy of distribution. The known structure also does not allow for the necessary contact of the seeds with the soil, which worsens the conditions for their germination.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of sowing seeds at high speeds.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the device is equipped with an annular screen, which is rigidly fixed on the bunker, is coupled with the cylindrical surface of the disk along the running fit and has an opening at the place of unloading of seeds from the disk cells, and the disk with one end face is movable with the cavity of the bunker; protrusion

in the form of a truncated cone, between the perimeter of the base of which and the cylindrical surface of the disk, channels made tangential to the cylindrical surface of the cell in the direction of rotation of the disk are arranged; the axis of the cells is located at a distance of its radius from the end surface of the cylindrical part of the disk from the cone side . In addition, the cam is rigidly mounted on a fixed axle, and a pneumatic tire is mounted on the disc.

In addition, the channel in the disk is adjacent to the corresponding radial cell by a square-shaped transition on the side equal to the diameter of the cell, and the channel guide surface is made along the brachistochrone and is located at an angle smaller than the double angle of friction of the seeds on the surface of the material disk, the screen of the sowing disk is provided bed former in the form of a dihedral wedge facing the soil.

FIG. 1 and 2 depict a sowing apparatus, a general view in paapede, in FIG. 3 - section; in fig. it and the 5th section of the disk with cells, ejectors and a screen.

The sowing apparatus consists of a seed bunker 1 movably movable with a sowing disc 2 with cells 3 open for access of seeds from the side of the seed bunker at the side, pins 4 providing for pushing the seeds out of the cells and fixing them in the groove located in the depth of the cells , screen 5 of the sowing disc, preventing untimely falling out of seeds of the false pattern:; - paddle 6, tire 7, atmospheric pressure, cover 8, cam 9, set (Lenny is stationary on the IQi shaft serving | for driving the rods in reciprocating motion.

Sowing machine operates as follows.

When the aggregate moves due to the adhesion forces of the tire to atmospheric pressure with the soil, the sowing disk 2 rotates. From the seed hopper 1, the seeds fall into the working area of the sowing disk 2. Under the action of centrifugal force, they are arranged in a row through a side channel adjacent to the corresponding radial (Cell 3. through the brachistochrone, which provides guaranteed seed collection, enters the radial cell 3, and the cell axis, which is located at a distance from the end surface of the disk, provides such a cell volume that is Dim fence for only one seed. The seeds are conveyed to the sowing disc unloading zone where k pins under the action of the cam 9 is pushed seeds of the cells and they are pressed into the groove formed lozheobrazovatelem 6. This movement is avoided in the seed furrow.

The cover 8 closes the access to the forming particles in the cavity of the sowing disc rotating on the axis 10 relative to the seed bunker 1 and the cam 9 of the metering disc prevents the cells from clogging the soil. The filling of the cells with seeds will not deteriorate even if a certain amount of soil gets into the cells, since

access to the cell is open to the seeds on the front side of the disk, and during unloading the soil will be pushed out by the seed.

The proposed sowing apparatus

allows for 10-15% increase in the accuracy of placement of seeds along the length of the row, to ensure the fixation of seeds in the soil and to increase the speed of sowing. Sowing can be conducted at speeds of 2.5-3 m / s.

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Claims (3)

1. A metering apparatus comprising a hopper, a radial-cell disc, an axis, an actuator, a cam and guides with ejectors mounted in the disc coaxially with the radial cells, characterized in that, in order to improve the precision of the sowing at high speeds, the apparatus is equipped an annular screen, which is rigidly mounted on the bunker, is coupled with the cylindrical surface of the disk along the running fit and has an opening at the place of unloading of seeds from the disc cells, and the disc with one end of the coupling is movable with the cavity of the bunker, provided with a protrusion in the form of a truncated cone and the cylindrical surface of the disk are channels made tangentially to the cylindrical surface of the cell in the direction of rotation of the disk, while the axis of the cells is located at a distance of radius e from the end surface of the cylindrical part of the disk on the cone side, in addition, the cam is rigidly mounted on a fixed axis, and A pneumatic tire is installed on the disk. 2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, about tl, which is inherent in the fact that the channel in the disk is coupled to the corresponding radial cell by a square-shaped transition on the side equal to the diameter of the cell, and the channel guide surface 66 is made along brachistohron and is angled smaller double the friction angle of the seed on the surface of the disk material. 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, of which the sowing disc screen is provided with a bed-former in the form of a dihedral wedge facing the ground. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. Patent of Germany Vf, class, kS U / O, 1969 (prototype).