SU910567A1 - Process for isolating paraffin-naphthene hydrocarbons from petroleum products - Google Patents

Description

(S) METHOD FOR ISOLATING PARAFFINE-NAPHTHENE HYDROCARBONS FROM OIL PRODUCTS

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The invention relates to the field of petroleum refining and petrochemistry, in particular to methods for the separation of petroleum products and, in particular, to the separation of paraffin-naphthenic hydrocarbons.

Paraffin-naphthenic hydrocarbons are of interest as solvents and for petrochemicals,

A method is known for separating hydrocarbons from petroleum products by contacting with a concentration of more than 80% or with SO, followed by contacting with molecular sieves and neutralizing the purified fraction of the desired products p.

The disadvantage of this method is the complexity of the technology due to the use of special equipment and oleum, the focus of the process is not on the separation of petroleum products, but on the purification of petroleum hydrocarbons from small amounts of impurities.

The closest in technical essence is a method of separating paraffinic and naphthenic hydrocarbons from petroleum products by contacting the solution of the latter in an n-alkane with an adsorbent with silica gel, followed by desorption of the adsorption of hydrocarbons 21.

10 According to this method, 65 paraffinic and naphthenic hydrocarbons are separated from their content in the feedstock.

The goal of izo (breaching is to increase the degree of excretion.

The goal is achieved by the method of separation of paraffin and naphthenic hydrocarbons from petroleum products by contacting

20 solutions of the latter in the n-alkane with adsorbent - silica gel, additional | X but containing 98, sulfuric acid, with a weight ratio of sulfuric acid: silica gel equal to 1: 1-1.5, followed by desorption of adsorbed hydrocarbons. The ratio depends on the diameter, size, activity of the pores of silica gel. The amount of acid must be such that the pores of the silica gel are filled, but the adsorbent still retains its free-flowing properties. This method allows the separation of paraffin-naphthenic hydrocarbons from both distillates and residues, as well as from residues and fractions of secondary origin. Example 1. 5 g of silica gel (ASC brand, fraction 0.15-0.25 mm, treated with kS g 98, concentrated sulfuric acid (acid: adsorbent ratio of 1: U, then shaken in a closed flask and incubated for one hour after which the prepared mixture is transferred to a glass column. 6 the top of the column is fed with a solution of the oil product in a solvent (n pentane in a ratio of 1:30 to the weight of silica gel, after which a solution of paraffin-naphthenic hydrocarbons is washed out under a pressure of 0.8 kg / m solvent, taken in an amount of 100 ml. A solution of paraffin wax the phenyl hydrocarbons are passed through a column with solid barium or calcium hydroxide, the solvent is distilled off. Purified paraffin-naphthenic hydrocarbons are obtained., Example 2: Silica gel 0.15-0.25 mm with an acid: adsorbent ratio of 1: 1.5. Paraffin-naphthenic hydrocarbons are separated according to the method of Example 1. Table 1 shows the characteristics of the fractions of West Siberian commercial oil, from which the pair of fino-naphthenic hydrocarbons were separated in the examples given .., Table. 2 shows the data characterizing the amount of pyrafine-naphthenic hydrocarbons allocated. . in, Table 3 shows the data characterizing the selected by the proposed method (examples 1 and 2) from the fractions of the West-Siberian crude oil paraffin-naphthenic hydrocarbons. The sulfur content was determined by the lamp method, and for the tar fraction in Table 1 by the double incineration method. The percentage of carbon in the aromatic nucleus was determined by IR spectroscopy. The content of paraffin-naphthenic hydrocarbons in the initial fractions was determined by the chromatographic method, and the content of the separated paraffin-naphthenic hydrocarbons was determined from the material balance of the separation. The low content of paraffin-naphthenic hydrocarbons in the initial fraction compared with the selected one is explained by the insufficient effectiveness of the chromatographic method. The method allows quantitatively isolating paraffin-naphthenic hydrocarbons from the petroleum fraction, free from aromatic, naphthenic-aromatic, olefinic, sulfur-, nitrogen- and oxygen-containing hydrocarbons, which are part of the petroleum product to be separated. The process time is 30 minutes. A minor amount of solvent is required for cleaning. The advantage of the method in comparison with the prototype is that the method described in the prototype is applicable only to cleaning the olefinic fractions of petroleum products, the proposed method allows to separate any ratios of petroleum origin containing, along with saturated compounds, aromatic hetero compounds and asphaltenes. The method is simple to implement, allows you to quickly and efficiently isolate paraffin-naphthenic hydrocarbons free from impurities, which is necessary to characterize the group chemical composition of petroleum products.

Characteristics of the original oil products

Name Content Content Content Carbon content of paraffin-carbon fraction in sulfur, weight in substituents of aromatic naphthenic aromatic molecules and not

carbohydrate col aromatic heteroatheds, weight workshop, weight of diniums (by difference i)

Fr 2i40-it20 ° C45,518,, 62 .3,6А

Fr about C4i, 818,072,773 36

Tar above

510 ° С18.1 22.9 2.556.5

 - -v, .. Paraffin-naphthenic hydrocarbon yield

The name of the fraction The number of paraffin allocated. 240 it80C 7.3

Fr 3 0-510 S. + 6.5

Tar above

 20.3

 .Table 3

Characteristics selected paraffin-naphthenic by the proposed method

yE {} §S2fl9B969S.

Title Characterization of impurities Paraffin-naphtefraction content -.: New hydrocarbons (by

Contents Sulfur content difference J, weight D carbon in arobal matic rings, weight D

Fr traces of Fr. 340-510С footprints

Tar above

510 ° С, traces

Table 1

table 2

and caffeine hydrocarbons

99.99

0.01 99.98 0.02

99.93

0.07

7 9105678

Claims (2)

The claim of the invention contains 98, sulfuric acid. The method of paraffin-naphtha-lot allocation at a weight ratio of sulfuric New hydrocarbons from petroleum products-acid and silica gel 1: 1-1.5. TRE by contacting the solution last in n-alkane with adsorbent5 Sources of information, silica gel with subsequent desorption taken into account during the examination adsorbed hydrocarbons1. UK patent characterized in that no. 103097, cl. C 2 C, pub. 1966. in order to increase the degree of excretion 2. US patent No. 31,50079, use silica gel additionally rf. 208-310, published. 196 (prototype.