SU848109A1 - Machine for working cylindrical articles - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to the processing of: metals by pressure, namely, to machines for processing cylindrical of-products.

A known machine for machining cylindrical articles containing spindle sections mounted on a frame with a spindle and a rotating center, each of which is kinematically connected with the manipulator ij.

The disadvantage of the known machine is low productivity.

The purpose of the invention is to increase productivity.

This goal is achieved due to the fact that the machine for processing cylindrical products, containing spindle sections mounted on the frame, each of which is kinematically connected to a manipulator, is provided with a ledge mounted on the frame, as well as a lifting ram and a power cylinder.

- cylinder of axial movement of the manipulator, with the lifting tsipindra rod rigidly connected to the manipulator, and the axial moving cylinder rod rigidly connected with the lifting cylinder, while the manipulator is made in the form of a rotary frame with grooves dp accommodating blanks and rigidly connected to the rotary frame of rollers installed with the possibility of interaction with the protrusion of the guide plate.

In Fig. 1, the proposed machine is shown in front view (the protective casing of the spindle assembly and the feeder of the loading device — the manipulator are not shown): in Fig. 2, view A in Fig. 1: in Fig. 3, view B in Fig. 1: on fig.4vid on fig.Z: on fng.5 - removable tool block in the working position: longitudinal section.

The structure and principle of operation of the proposed machine will be considered on the example of a multi-spindle section.

Each miogoshpindelnaya section consists of a frame and hydraulic tank 2, interconnected by means of screws. Frame 1 is a prefabricated structure consisting of two steel cheeks-compartment, fastened together with spacers with screws and pins.

To the bed in a vertical position is attached with screws and pin. 1 and p. Pita 3 standard table. The frame can be made cast with guides 5 then the movable part of the table carriage 4 is directly placed on the guide beds.

On the front surface of the carriage 4, a spindle unit 5 is attached to the screws and pins; it consists of spindles L (a variant of 3 spindles is shown) is located in a kinematic grip through gears 7. One of the spindle relays (in this case, the middle one by means of clutch 8 is connected to a motor romotor 9 of the type Ш15-23. In the groove of the side surface of the carriage L in the necessary places, according to the length of the cylindrical shell being machined, the cams 10–13 are installed, which are intended to control the limit switches 14–17 attached to The fixed side of the bed is fixed on the horizontal projection of the bed.180 on which rotary arrays 19 are aligned with the axes of the spindles. The rotary matrix (Fig.5) includes a housing 20, two rows of squeezing rollers 21 supported by end faces on thrust bearings 22 and enclosed in a separator 23. Hydraulic cylinders 24 are mounted on the lower surface of the table (fig. 3}, on the rods 25 of which pads 26 of a removable device are attached.

Rotating centers 27 (Figures 1 and 5) are placed under the rolling heads (under the basement) in the bed coaxially with the axes of the spindles, which are supported in the process of rotational extrusion by the loose ends of the spindles rotated in the spindle; 28 punches with workpieces 29. They are rotated. the centers 27 are connected to the plungers 30 placed in the bores of the housing 31. The plungers 30 are supported by the pistons 32 placed in the bores of the housing 33. In the lower compartment of the frame there is a tank 34 (fig. 3) with coolant (coolant), which is supplied

in the processing area of the pipeline pipeline 35, and in the upper compartments of the terminal 11 with electrical equipment (not shown, and the counterweight 36, balancing the moving parts of the sections of the flock (spindles, hydraulic motor, carriage. The device also contains a cargo chain 37 (Fig. 2).

A block 38 is attached on the outer side of the frame, connecting pipes 39 and flexible ashangs 40, through which oil from hydraulic tank 2 enters hydraulic motor 9 (Fig. 1 and 2. Lubrication of spindle assembly bearings is flow-through and is provided with oil from hydraulic motor leaks through pipes 41. Moreover, the lubrication system is arranged in such a way that a strictly determined amount of oil enters the bearings of the spindle assembly, regardless of the amount of leakage from the hydraulic motor,

The hydraulic tank 2 is a box-shaped welded structure. The internal cavity of the tank is divided into two compartments, one of which is filled with oil and the other (the front one is used to accommodate hydraulic equipment of the spindle rotation system and drive an automatic loading device (manipulator). On the top of the hydraulic tank there is an electric motor 42 of the feed pump, an electric motor 43, hydraulic pump of rotation of the spindle and the rack 44 on the front side of which are mounted the electric control unit 45, the supply hydropanel 46, and three throttles 47-49.

The throttles 47 and 48 are intended for smoothly changing the numbers of revolutions of the spindle (operating and removal speeds) j and the throttle 49 for smoothly changing the feed rate of the punch (spindle assembly).

On the outer surface of the panel of the electric panel there is a switch for transferring the machine from automatic to adjustment mode, toggle switches, duplicating 1e all movements of the executive bodies of the automatic mode to control the movements of the latter in adjustment mode; the start button, the emergency stop button, and lights, which signal the operation of electric motors.

The pipes 50 connect the hydrocyliidr of the carriage of the carriage 4 with the corresponding hydraulic pump of the hydraulic tank 2. Automatic unloading device (the manipulator includes a rotary frame 51 with a groove for placing the races and the clamps 52 secured levied on the pala, KOHUJ I of which are dismounted in the sliders 53 and possibly shifted The slots of the housings 54 are rigidly connected to 1H1 with the rods of two power cylinders 55 for lifting the loading frame 51. The power cylinders 55 are rigidly connected with the rods of the other two power cylinders 56 fixed to the side surfaces of the base 1 and so on. Designed for axial movement of the loading frame 51. To ensure that the loading paMJ is rotated by the angle dL 90 when it is horizontal, the manipulator is equipped with two rollers 57 which, when folded, lower the position of the rods of the power cylinders 55 with the required force determined by the spring setting 58, pressed against the guide plate 59 fixed on the table of the machine 18. Dp of filling the grooves of the loading frame 51 of the manipulator with workpieces of the machine and the multi-spindle section of the machine is provided with an individual, -) feeder, made in the form of metal structures 60 with power cylinders fixed on it, which are a common body 6, in which cylindrical bores for pistons of rods 62 are bored in an amount equal to the number of spindles. At the ends of the rods 62, the nozzles are attached in the form of hair with a brush backing 63 to automatically lubricate the inner surface of the workpieces with castor oil. To the other ends of the rods 62, flexible hoses 64 are attached, through which the castor oil from the tank 65 and through the axial through-holes of the rods 62 by gravity flow to the hair brushes 63, they are continuously wetted. To feed the blanks to the feeder, the machine is equipped with either a chain pitch conveyor 66 (FIGS. 3 and 4), or each of the multi-spindle sections is equipped with an individual bunker-orienting device 67 (Fig. 2p. To use the machine for manufacturing various sizes of cylindrical shells, punch 28 , rotary dies 19, pads 26 (Removable device, rotating 1 centers 27, bunker-oriented devices (1 SHIRT only their spiders 67 are made removable, to ensure the coaxiality of the billets of various sizes with pointoes new and rods 62 of the feeders were applied to the condensation pads 68 in the form of quick-detachable washers on the rods of the power cylinders 56 of the horizontal displacement of the loading frame 51 of the manipulator and the threaded rods 69 supporting the individual bunker-orienting device 67, (the conveyor 66 does not require such adjustment. ensure reliable direction of movement from the punch 28 of the product 29 into the carriage 70, each section of the machine is equipped with a reflector 71 fixed on the rods of two power cylinders 72 installed above the pipeline 35 and cottages coolant on the inner surfaces of the cheeks of the frame-uprights 1. At the top of the section frame, the machines are covered with caps (covers 73, and front and rear with quick-release doors 74-76. Spindle assemblies 5 are covered with covers 77 attached to the carriages 4 and upper parts extending under caps 73. The front side of the hydraulic tank 2 and the rear side pillars 44 are closed with quick-release doors 78 and 79. The machine is installed on the concrete foundation with the base. The machine’s spindle section works as follows. Before starting the operation, the section is adjusted to the desired size of the product. Punches 28 are of the required size, and on the table 18 of the machine, the rotation matrixes 19 and the removable device pads 26 are fixed. By means of compensating pads 68, the position of the loading frame 51 of the manipulator relative to the axes of the punches 28 is adjusted so that the axes of the workpieces 29 placed in the slots of the loading frame 51, with e vertical position, coincide with the axis of the punches 28. In the case of using in each section of the machine, the bunker-orienting device 67j is oriented at the height of the threaded rods 69 for the purpose of carefree zagotook axial alignment with the axes of the rods 62 feeder. If necessary 7, the rails 59 of the rollers 57 of the loading frame are adjusted in height by means of gaskets. At the ends of the rods 62 of the feeder, the appropriate -size hair brushes 63 are fixed. Then the cams 10-13 are arranged in accordance with the length of the cylindrical shell being machined, the handles of the throttles 47-49 for adjusting the revolutions and feeding the spindles 6 are set in accordance with the required value of the operating revolutions , and revolutions necessary for removal and filing. The switchboard 45 is set in the position of adjustment and by turning on the corresponding 1X toggle switches, check the consistency of the work of all stages of the carriage cycle 4 and the loading frame 51 of the manipulator. If necessary, adjust the springs 58, which provide the force for pressing the rollers 57 to rotate the loading frame of the manipulator. The reliability of switching the working revolutions of spindles 6 to slow (20-30 rpm) required for automatic removal of machined cylindrical shells from punches 28, pad operation, 26 removable devices, coolant supply and shutdown is also checked. Turning on the corresponding toggle switches ensures that the carriages are located 4 in the uppermost position of the multi-station loading frame with notches 51 in the leftmost horizontal, pistons 32 and 72 (Fig. 3), respectively, in the extreme upper and left positions. They provide filling of the bunker-oriented After these checks and ensuring the initial position of the components and mechanisms, the electroplate switch 45 is put in the Automatic position, the Start button is pressed. The operation of each machine in the automatic mode proceeds in the following sequence. post moving and entering the blanks, pushing the latter into the paya of the loading frame 51, where they are fixed by the clamps 52. In the process of moving the rods 62, hair brushes 63, gradually rotated to rovym hundred oil which gravity 98 pos blunt reservoir 65 through hoses 64, the axial holes in the rods 62 and the drill raialnym m raiXj permanently lubricated ponerhnost inner blanks. The rods 62, by bringing the workpiece into the grooves of the loading frame SI, return to their original position. In the automatic bunker-oriented device, the workpiece moves the new lordi of the parts placed in the grooves of the multi-site loading frame 5I, or the step chain conveyor moves one step further new portions of the workpieces to the rods of the 62 feeders-, Under the action of the rods of the hydraulic cylinders 56, the loading frame 51 together with the workpieces receives movement to the punches 28 (Fig. During this movement, with rollers 57, with the necessary force pressed to 1m 59 of table 18, frame 51 is rotated by angle d 90 and takes a vertical position, stopping at the rightmost point while ensuring that the axes of the blanks coincide with the axes of the punches 28. The loading frame together with the blanks receives a reciprocating movement from power cylinders 55, dressing with this billet on the punches 28, returning from the extreme lower position the frame 51 through the rods of the hydraulic cylinders 56 is retracted to the initial (extreme left (Fig.2) position, turning at the same time at an angle of 90 and returning Then it will be laid horizontally. Then follows a quick approach of the punches 28 (carriages 4 /. The accelerated supply of punches is switched to the working supply with simultaneous switching on of the working revolutions of the Gguans 28 and the supply of coolant. Further, the working speed of the punches 28 is shifted to slow (20-30 rpm), coolant supply is turned off, and the working supply of punches is switched (for fast overrun. The overrun is mainly used for rotary extrusion of thin-walled cylindrical shells of relatively short length the purpose of bringing them up to the level of the block 26 of the detachable device. Then the punches 28 are stopped with the simultaneous activation of the relay of time and the supply of the removable device blocks 26, the rapid withdrawal of the punches 28 to the extreme with the simultaneous termination of their rotation, and the dilution of the Removable Device I 26. The reflector 71 is led into the working area (above the rotary dies 9} by means of the rods of two hydraulic cylinders 72 and the cylinders made of the holes 31 of the housing 31 are pushed out by the pistons 30 by the pistons 30. the upward movement of the cylindrical shells are directed by the reflector 71 and, the pad on the table 18, are guided along a bevel into a special carriage. The rods of the cylinders 72 retracted the reflector 71 to the initial position and the cycle is repeated.

The command to quickly retract the punches 28 is given from the time relays, commands to perform the remaining actions are given from the limit switches, the signals of which are controlled by the electromagnets of the machine control hydraulics spools.

In the process of rotational extrusion of thin-walled cylindrical shells, the loose ends of the pads 28 - v are fixed Bg 5 and vs, and the rotating centers 27 work with the necessary force determined by the pressure of the displaced oil and drain the oil from under the pistons 32. This is also determined by the setting of the retaining valve, connected to the drain hole of the body of hydraulic cylinders 33 and hydraulic pipes connecting the cavities of the latter with the hydraulic tank 2.

The control of the oil pressure in the cavity of the housing 33 under the pistons 32 is necessary to ensure the direction of the initial difference in the thickness of the blanks. After correcting the original difference of the latter, i.e. on subsequent transitions of rotational extrusion of high-precision cylindrical shells, the oil pressure in the cavities of the housing 33 is reduced to a value sufficient only to overcome resistance when the pistons 32 move upwards to push the finished cylindrical shell out of the holes of the housing 31.

. The proposed machine has in each of its sections a large number of spindles (at least three}, which determines the multiplicity of the increase in productivity as compared to the known and structural changes of the keypad 109

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A torus can increase its capacitance and increase reliability.

. It is used in the roll head (the rotary matrix as the pressing elements of the rollers reduces its dimensions, which ensures that a larger number of Spo heads are placed on the table of the machine, the number of spindles.

By increasing the rigidity of the head, the flow is increased (corresponding to the performance and providing with a high accuracy of the manufactured pipes in the thickness of the wall.

In the proposed machine, the roll head does not need to be withdrawn from the working position at the time of removal of the finished tubes to the special car - trolley, since the rollers with a separator when lifting upward are consumed by a large diameter under the action of a removable finished cylindrical shell.

The machine allows for the assembly of autonomous lines of any kind from the autonomous multi-spindle sections that comprise it, in case each section of the machine is equipped with an autonomous automatic bunker-orienting device. (Figures 3 and 4 show an automatic line variant each section of which is powered by a chain stepper conveyor with a single bunker-orienting device). The proposed machine frees universal equipment from operation in conditions where all the technological capabilities of universal machines cannot be realized. and provides a significant reduction in the required production space. On the areas occupied by two lathe-cutting machines model IK62, you can install five multi-spindle sections of the machine.

On the bed, new designs of rotary dies are used, which are simple and reliable and allow for their quick change during changeover. The use of more advanced rear centers makes it possible to increase the accuracy with the difference in the wall structure of the cylindrical shells {by correcting the initial difference wall thickness of the blanks.

Claims (1)

Thus, the use in the proposed machine of high-performance simple rotary dies, precision rear centers, simplified design and reliability of the manipulator, the use of a bunker-orienting device and, most importantly, an increase in the number of spindles of each section allows to significantly increase the productivity and quality of products provided at the same time reducing the production area and number of workers, as well as simplifying the machine design and increasing its reliability. Claims A machine for processing cylindrical articles containing spindle sections mounted on a frame, each of which is kinematically associated with a manipulator, characterized in that it is equipped with a protrusion guide plate as well as a power plate to increase productivity. the lift cylinder and the axial displacement cylinder of the manipulator, and the lift cylinder rod is rigidly connected to the manipulator, and the axial cylinder cylinder rod is rigidly connected with the lift cylinder, The manipulator is made in the form of a rotary frame with grooves for accommodating blanks and rollers rigidly connected to the rotary frame, which are installed with the possibility of interaction with the protrusion of the guide plate. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR Author's Certificate No. 527221, cl. B 21 B 19/12, 16.11.73. 7J RTi:.: S M -otr / o- - oh. -o: i-i .. in, .o. "about . -0.-.-.-. L. - °: .in GB -.--; -Ltd; i. ,: ... -7S; O-. .-... ;; p ;;. g /: o - ;. g (-.-: ... .-. t.. -g;.: l.; lT: - yS vv9ci-i J i; tTCja: k-v6ii .. f.:.. 1:. J. - .-,. -V; -. -v jCrf. - h u L. .- .- .. - j.. ..  AT Fy