SU837612A1 - Shears for cutting sheet - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure, in particular to equipment for cutting and used in areas of output machines, as well as in procurement workshops.

Known scissors for cutting a sheet, containing a fixed knife fixed in the bed, a movable inclined knife installed in the knife beam, and a drive crank shaft, the necks of which are placed in the bed parallel to the cutting edge of the fixed knife. The crank shaft is connected to the knife beam by connecting rods [1].

The disadvantage of such scissors is the large size.

Shears for a sheet are also known, containing a fixed knife placed by Nina, a support with a movable knife / interacting with a fixed knife, a drive eccentric shaft, the necks of which are parallel to the cutting edge of the fixed knife, rocker arm, one end of which is connected to the support, and eccentric axes of the mechanism changes in the gap between the knives [2].

However, in these designs of scissors for cutting a sheet, the cutting force of the cutting in sta-: c pulls 2000 or more tons, therefore the elements (rods, rockers) that transmit this force have a large weight and dimensions.

A different connection of elements simplifies the design of scissors, reduces their weight and dimensions. “Connected to the caliper, spacer 0.3 force

The rocker arms are located in the initial position horizontally.

The purpose of the invention is to simplify the design.

This goal is achieved in that the other ends of the beam are pivotally connected to the eccentric axes, and the caliper is mounted on the drive eccentric shaft.

In FIG. 1 shows a front view scissors; in FIG. 2 is the same, cross section AA in FIG. 1) in Fig.Z - section bB in Fig.1; figure 4 is the same, a top view; figure 5 the same | section BB in figure 1; in Fig.6 section GG in Fig.2 ', / in Fig. 7 section GG without caliper; Fig.8 'section DD in Fig.6; on Fig.9-14 30 diagram of the operation of scissors (six is shown

Since the rocker arms (connecting rods) are an eccentric axis, and so they perceive only the force reaching before cutting.

position of the elements of the scissors every 60 ° rotation of the drive eccentric shaft.

. The scissors contain a bed 1 in the form of a table 2 and two racks 3, in which a fixed knife 4 is fastened on the barrel 2, a support 5 carrying a movable knife b, interacting with a fixed knife 4, a drive eccentric shaft 7 connected through a coupling 8 with the engine .θ 9, a mechanism 10 for changing the clearance between the knives. The eccentric drive shaft 7 has two necks 11 arranged in racks 3 parallel to the cutting edge 12 of the fixed knife 4 and two eccentrics 13, on which the caliper 5 is mounted, which is pivotally connected to the frame 1 by two rockers 14. The rockers 14 'are mounted in the caliper 5 on the pins 15, which are mounted on the protrusions 16 of the caliper 5 20 and are made in the form of a half ring. Such a trunnion is necessary for the review of the knives and is permissible, since the force acting on it is constant in the direction. In the initial position 25, the rocker arms are horizontally and perpendicular to the cutting edge 12 ι of the fixed knife 4 ..

To select the clearances in the bearings of the eccentric shaft 7 and the rocker arm 14 in the direction of the cutting force and the spacer force, a hydraulic balancer 17 is installed in the form of a power cylinder, which is constantly under pressure and, striving. Turn the caliper 5, constantly turn ·, the pins 15 to the rocker arms 14.

The mechanism 10 for changing the gap between the knives is made in the form of an engine 18 mounted on a stand 3, a gearbox 19, a silent drive 40 shaft 20, cranks 21 mounted on the ends of the shaft 20, connecting rods 22 - 24 located on each side of the caliper connected by a common. the axis 25 of the eccentric axes 26 located in the uprights 3 of the cranks 27 connected to the eccentric axes 26, the levers 28 installed in the frame 1 on the axes 29 and the rollers 30 * carrying the cams 31 mounted on the drive eccentric shaft 7 and interacting with the rollers 30 . Power qi. the cylinders 32 are located in the bed, connected to the levers 28 and press the roller 30 to the cams 31. The rockers 14 with their other ends are pivotally connected 55 to the eccentric axes 26. The scissors work as follows. Depending on the thickness of the cut sheet, a lateral gap between the knives is set. To do this, turn on the engine 18, which through the gearbox 19 rotates the low-speed shaft 20 with cranks 21, which through the connecting rods 22 and 24 and cranks 27 rotate the caliper 5 with the upper knife b, setting the necessary clearance between the knives 45.

Then the sheet is fed, it is laid on the table 2 between the knives 4 and 6 and the engine 9 is turned on, which rotates the eccentric shaft 7. When the eccentric shaft 7 is rotated 180 ° (downward), cutting is performed, and when turning the next 180 ° the caliper 5 s movable knife 6 rise.

When the eccentric shaft 1 rotates, the support 5 mounted on the eccentrics starts to move downward and also makes a rocking motion around the axis of the pins 15. The axis of the pins 15, which are also the axis of the opening of the rocker arms 14, in turn, move along an arc whose radius is equal to the distance between the axes, trunnions 15 and the eccentric axes 26, and the center of rotation is on the eccentric axis 26.

At this time (Figs. 9 and 10), the clearance between the movable knife and the sheet is sampled. With further rotation of the eccentric shaft 7, cutting occurs (Figs. 11 and 12) and mainly vertical movements predominate. The presence of small horizontal movements leads to a swinging movement of the knife beam, which does not affect the cutting process and the quality of the cut sheet.

The magnitude of this wiggle is negligible, when the angle of inclination of the movable knife is equal to, for example, 1 ° 30 ^g (as is customary in modern scissor designs), the stroke of the knife beam with the upper knife is reduced, and therefore the value of the shaft eccentricity is 7. In scissors with a force of 3200 t, intended: for cutting a sheet with a width of 4800 mm, the swing angle of the upper knife is 1 ° 10 ', which is within the allowable angle of inclination to the vertical.

Since the cutting edge of the movable knife is inclined, it intersects with the axis of the pin at point K and its points located above the axis of the pin 15 together with the support perform a swinging motion when the eccentric shaft rotates, which leads to their horizontal movements and to a change in the lateral clearance, only the point K when swinging the caliper 5 does not have a lateral clearance value.

To avoid such movements, the cams 31 through the connecting rods 22-24 turn the eccentric axis 26 and, moving the caliper with a movable knife, maintains a constant lateral clearance between the knives during cutting. This allows . Make the edge of the cut sheet straight.

When the eccentric shaft 7 is rotated by a subsequent 180 °, the movable knife 6 is retracted (Figs. 13 and 14). In this case, the radius of the cam ’31 initially increases, and then decreases to the initial value. With ι increasing the radius of the cam 31, he / acting on the roller 30, moves it down by turning the lever 28, and through the connecting rods 23 and 24 turns the eccentric axis 26, · retracting the movable knife, which eliminates the friction of the movable knife on the cut the edge of the sheet and reduce its wear. Then, with a decrease in the radius of the cam 31, the power cylinder 32 is constantly pressed against the roller 32, moving upward, turns the lever 28, which through the connecting rods 23 and 24, the crank 21 turns the eccentric axis 26 and brings the movable knife 6 to the fixed knife 4.

When the cutting occurs, the drive 19 is turned off, the movable knife goes down, a constant lateral clearance between the knives is maintained, since the horizontal movements of the movable knife caused by the swing of the support are corrected by the action of cam 31 on roller 30 through levers 28 and connecting rods 23 and 24, crank 27 to the eccentric axis 26.

When the knife moves upward, it moves to the side also under the influence of the cam 31 when it is rotated for the next 180 °.

The location of the support with a movable 30 knife directly on the eccentrics of the eccentric shaft, the axis of which is parallel to the cutting edge of the fixed knife, reduces the height of the bed, and therefore 35 dimensions and weight of the scissors. The ability to transfer all the cutting force directly to the caliper with a fixed knife, simplifies the design of the scissors and increases the reliability of their work.

A different arrangement of the rocker arm does not cause an increase in the size of the bed of scissors, since they perceive only the spacer force, consisting of 0.3 of the cutting force.

Claims (2)

the positions of the scissor elements every 60 turns of the eccentric drive shaft. ; The scissors contain a frame 1 in the form of a table 2 and two racks 3, in which a fixed knife 4, fixed on a barrel 2, a support 5 carrying a movable knife b, interacting with a fixed knife 4, an eccentric drive shaft 7 connected through a coupling 8 with the engine 9, the mechanism 10 changes the gap between the knives. The eccentric drive shaft 7 has two necks 11 placed in racks 3 parallel to the cutting edge 12 of the stationary knife 4 and two eccentrics 13 on which the caliper 5 is installed, which is pivotally connected to the base 1 1 by two KOpofiH 14. The rocker arms 14 are mounted in the caliper 5 on the axles 15, which are mounted on the protrusions 16 of the caliper 5 and made in the form of a half ring. Such an embodiment of the trunnion is necessary for viewing the knives and is permissible, since the force acting on it is constant in direction. In the initial position, the corolom blades are horizontally and perpendicular to the cutting edge 12 of the fixed knife 4.,. : To sample the gaps in the bearings of the eccentric shaft 7 and the rocker arm 14 in the direction of the cutting force and the force is set, the hydraulic balancer 17 is installed in the form of a power cylinder, which is still under pressure and, pushing the caliper 5, constantly press down pins 15 to the yoke 14. The mechanism 10 for changing the gap between the blades is made in the form of an engine 18 mounted on a rack 3, a reducer 19, a low-speed drive shaft 20, cranks 21., mounted on the ends of the shaft 20, connecting rods 22-24, located on each side is a support, and some of them are Kynes are connected by a common axis 25 of eccentric axes 26 located in racks 3 of cranks 27 connected with eccentric axes 26, levers 28 mounted in frame 1 on axes 29 and bearing rollers Z of cam 31 mounted on a drive eccentric shaft 7 and interacting with the rollers 30. Sylow The e-cylinders 32 are located in the bed, are connected to the levers 28 and press the rollers 30 to the cams 31, the rocker arms 14 with their ends pivotally connected to the eccentric axes of the puller .26 Scissors work as follows Depending on the thickness of the sheet being cut, the side clearance is set between knives. For this purpose, the motor 18 is turned on, which through the gearbox 19 rotates the low-speed wa 20 with cranks 21, which rotate the caliper 5 with the upper knife b through cranks 22 and 24 and cranks 27, setting the necessary clearance between the blades. The sheet is then fed, placed on the table 2 between the knives 4 and 6, and the motor 9 is turned on, which rotates the centric shaft 7. When the eccentric shaft 7 is rotated 180 ° (downward), the cutting is performed and the next 180 ° rotation movable knife 6 is raised. When the eccentric shaft 1 rotates, the caliper 5 mounted on the eccentrics begins to move downward and also oscillates around the axis of the trunnions 15. The axle of the trunnions 15, is also edged with the hole axis of the beam 14, in turn, moves in an arc whose radius equal to the distance between the axles, the axles 15 and the eccentric axes 26, and the center of rotation is on the eccentric axis 26. At this time (Fig. 9 and 10), the gap between the movable knife and the sheet is sampled. Upon further rotation of the eccentric shaft 7, cutting occurs (Figs. 11 and 12) and mainly vertical movements prevail. The presence of small horizontal movements leads to a swinging movement of the blade, 1 which does not affect the cutting process and the quality of the cut sheet. The magnitude of this swinging is insignificant, when the angle of inclination of the movable knife is, for example, 130 (as is customary in modern scissors designs), the motion of the knife beam with the upper knife and, consequently, the eccentricity of the shaft 7, decreases. intended; For cutting a sheet with a width of 4800 mm / the swing angle of the upper knife is I 10, which is within the permissible angle of inclination to the vertical ,. Since the cutting edge of the movable knife is inclined, it intersects: with the axle axis at point K and Trchka her, located above the axis of axle 15, with the caliper rotate during the rotation of the eccentric shaft, which causes them to move horizontally / 1 changing the size of the side gap, only the point K when swinging the caliper 5 does not have the size of the side gap. To eliminate such movements, the cams 31 rotate the eccentric axis 26 through the connecting rods 22-24 and, moving the slide with the movable knife, maintain a constant side gap between the blades during the cutting process. This allows the cut edge of the sheet to be made straight. When the eccentric shaft T is rotated to the next 180 °, the movable knife 6 is retracted (Figs. 13 and 14). In this case, the radius of the cam 31 initially increases, and then decreases to its original value. With an increase in the radius of the cam 31, he / I act on the roller 30, move it down, turning the lever 28, and through the connecting rods 23 and 24 rotates the eccentric axis 26, - retracting the movable knife, which allows eliminating the friction of the movable knife and cutting the edge of the sheet reduce its wear. Then, with the cam radius 31 decreasing, the roller 30 is constantly pressed by the cylinder 32 and the roller 30 rotates the lever 28, which through the connecting rods 23 and 24, the crank 21 rotates the eccentric axis 26 and brings the movable knife 6 to the stationary / knife 4. When the cut occurs, the actuator 19 is turned off, the movable knife goes down, a constant side gap between the knives is maintained, since the horizontal movements of the movable knife caused by the swing of the caliper are corrected by the action of the cam 31 on the roller 30 through the levers 28 and the connecting rods 23 and 24,. crank 27 on the eccentric axis 26. When the knife goes up, it moves to the side also under the influence of the cam 31 when it rotates on the next 180. The caliper position with the movable knife directly on the eccentrics of the eccentric shaft, the axis of which is parallel to the cutting edge of the fixed knife, reduces the height of the bed, and therefore the size and weight of but) knits. The ability to transfer the entire cutting force immediately to the caliper with a fixed knife, simplifies the design of the scissors and increases the Hc1 reliability of their work. A different arrangement of the rocker arms does not cause an increase in the size of the scissors bed, as they perceive only the thrust force consisting of 0.3 of the cutting force. Claims for cutting a sheet containing a stationary knife re-mounted in a bed, a movable knife caliper, a dumb-knife interaction, an eccentric drive shaft, whose necks are parallel to the cutting edge of the fixed knife, rocker arms, one ends of which are connected to the caliper, and eccentric the axes of the mechanism for changing the gap between the knives, characterized in that, in order to simplify the construction, the other ends of the rocker arms are hingedly connected to the eccentric axles, and the caliper is mounted on the driving kstsentrikovom shaft. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. Korolev D.A. Mechanical equipment of rolling shops of ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy. Moscow, Metallurgists, 1976, p. 243-245. 2. USSR author's certificate for application number 2425198/27, cl. B 23 O 15/04, 1976.  C V X Jl Rig. 5 7 / l f & sLx; 7 / t- / 4 -E 12I . Jl S-ff nineteen fui.S / fr  " eleven  I .6 YY 26 lit  X L Ta           Lu