SU813105A1 - Electric salt furnace for melting non-ferrous metals - Google Patents

Description

(54) ELECTRIC SOLAR FURNACE FOR MELTING NON-FERROUS METALS

The application relates to metallurgists, in particular, to the design of electric salt furnaces and the smelting of non-ferrous metals.

A known electric salt furnace, comprising a bath for saline solution, heating electrodes in vice rods, lowered into a salt melt through sealed openings of the bath lid, and a mixing device fixed inside the bath and made in a vice rotary basket, on the side surface of which are reinforced, forming the angle between the central axis and the surface of the basket C.

A disadvantage of a caval furnace is the difficulty of ensuring optimal energy parameters of the furnace due to the reduction of the contact surface of the electrodes with the molten salt in the end of constant electrode wear.

It is known a device for supplying current to a salt-heated bath for improved operating conditions and increasing

service life includes a metal electrode with a flange of metal, with a flange made in the form of a box, the outer part of which has a developed cooling surface, thermal insulation and a sealing gasket 1.2.

Also known is an electric salt furnace for smelting non-ferrous metals, a societal melting chamber, a hot metal accumulator, heating electrodes installed in the tick nests of the side walls of the bath with the lower end sinking into the salt melt and with bent upper ends, a basket with its movement mechanism, a device for changing the level of the salt melt in the floating chamber, made in the form of co-storage with it, a container with a body placed in the last immersion body with a mechanism for moving it vertically 131.

The main disadvantage of this furnace is the difficulty of keeping the optimum energy parameters of the furnace out of 381

and the continuous wear of electrolytes, which lead to HenpepbiBHONcy reduction in the contact surface with the molten salt, as well as the difficulty of ensuring uniform heating of the various layers of the salt bath.

The purpose of the invention is to provide a non-decreasing contact surface of the electrodes with molten salt for the entire period of operation of the salt furnace and on all equal salt baths, providing more stable energy parameters of the furnace.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the electrodes are made in the form of piezoelectric graphite blocks arranged in a ring, and opposite to Them evenly in height in the walls of the bath are inclined channels for soyotseni electrodes with a bath, and the channels of the same level along the height of the bath are circumferentially equal to each other to a friend, and the channels against one block are arranged in steps on both sides.

FIG. 1 shows schematically an oven, a foil section; in fig. 2 is the same, section A-A in FIG. one.

The furnace consists of a bath I filled with molten salt (flux), a liquid metal storage unit 2 with a bore hole 3 for discharging liquid metal, electrodes 4 communicating with the salt bath through inclined channels 5, and covers 6. The walls of the bath 1 are made of refractory, resistant to molten salt material. A discontinuous annular cavity is provided in the wall, in the cell 7 of which graphite blocks 8 are pressed in, the electrodes 4 are in an amount multiple of the number of furnace phases. The cells 7 of the annular cavity soyoshgany inclined to the bottom of the channel 5, located evenly over the entire height of the salt bath 1 in front of the graphite blocks 8.

Channels 5, located against each graphite block 8, expose it to the full height of ciyneHHaro on both sides. The graphite blocks 8 are connected to the supply tires 9. The angle of inclination of the channels S is removed from the conditions for avoiding clogging them with lumpy ones; materials to avoid short circuits due to this.

The furnace works as a follower of the phase.

Bath I is loaded with salts (flux), the load is melted by known techniques. Bath I can be filled with preovery 1 .0S4

melted flux. ; electrodes 4 are energized. After adjusting the temperature of the salt bath to a predetermined value, the basket is introduced into it.

5 10 with the original sym, which is removed after the melt is completely melted; components of raw materials. Liquid metal can. be removed through the bore hole 3 periodically (when the metal level reaches the allowable value) or continuously using bellows removal of metal.

Thus, the surface of the contact of the electrodes with the molten salt as

The amount of wear of their material does not decrease, but on the contrary, increases slightly, which improves the energy parameters of the furnace and its performance, and also ensures uniform heating of the salt and alloy in all its layers due to the system of electrodes in each layer along the height of the salt bath (i.e. The current density at all levels is almost the same), which affects the performance of the furnace.

Claims (3)

1.Electrical salt furnace for melting non-ferrous metals, including a bath with , molten salt, heating electrodes lined into the walls of the bath, a liquid metal hopper with a bore hole for discharging the latter, and a lid, characterized in that, in order to ensure optimum energy parameters of the furnace, the electrodes are made in the form of sector graphite blocks arranged around the ring and opposite them, inclined channels are made uniformly in height in the walls of the bath  to communicate the electrodes with the bath. 2. Furnace according to item I, which means that the level channels along the height of the bath are located around the circle at an equal angle to the circle to the other. 5 3. The furnace according to claim I, characterized in that the channels against the core unit are arranged in steps on both sides. Information sources, 50 taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate N 335498, cl. F27 B 7/14, 197O. 2. Avtch rskoy certificate of the USSR Nf 420862, cl. f 27 V I / OO, 1972. 55 3. USSR author's certificate N 466372, cl. In 17 / GS, 1973.