SU816524A1 - Method of producing emulsified fuel for i.c.engine - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to technical processes, namely to the production of fuel.

A known method for producing a stable aqueous emulsion in diesel fuel, according to which alkylolamide of synthetic fatty acids is used as an emulsifier in the amount of Oj, 2-p, 4 wt.%; In this case, the emulsion viscosity reached 30–20 cP.

One of the disadvantages of this method is that the fuel quality is not high enough due to the increased viscosity of the fuel over the permissible limits, which makes it difficult to burn; in engines I1 due to the deterioration of the fuel feeding and atomization processes.

The closest to the proposed invention in its technical essence and the achieved result is a method of obtaining emulsified fuel for internal combustion engines by mixing a liquid hydrocarbon fuel with an emulsifier. At the same time, to obtain water-gasoline emulsions with a water content of 10-40%, more than 2.5% by weight of the mixture of polyoxyethylene compounds 22 are introduced into the mixture.

However, according to a known method, the quality of the fuel is not high enough due to the rapid separation of water and fuel, which requires continuous mechanical mixing throughout the entire engine operation time.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the fuel by producing a highly dispersed aggregate-resistant water-oil emulsion.

The goal is to achieve that the method of obtaining emulsified fuel for internal combustion engines is carried out by mixing a liquid hydrocarbon fuel with an emulsifier in two stages, mixing the first stage with 3035% fuel, an aqueous solution containing O, 03-0.05% Na - salts of diethylhexyl ester of sulphatic succinic acid (from the final mass of emulsified fuel) to obtain a concentrated emulsion of the type oil-in-water with a concentration of 250-300%, on the second, by mixing 65-70% of the fuel with the resulting emulsion and 0.17-0.20% mixture of sorbitol ester

Claims (2)

and oleic acid (pt is the final mass of emulsified fuel to produce a water-in-oil emulsion with a predetermined phase ratio. A distinctive feature of the proposed method is the implementation of npotijecca mixing of initial reagents in two stages by mixing in: the first stage 30-35% liquid hydrocarbon fuel with water with a solution of Na-salt of diethylhexyl ester of sulfo-succinic acid to obtain a concentrated oil-in-water emulsion, secondly, mixing 65-70% of a liquid hydrocarbon fuel with the resulting concentration emulsion and a mixture of ether sorbitol and oleic acid to obtain an emulsion of the type water in oil with a predetermined ratio of phases. Another difference is that the first stage uses a liquid hydrocarbon fuel and an aqueous solution containing 0.03-0.05% of Nd - salt, diethylhexyl ester of sulfoattic acid (from the final mass of emulsified fuel) and adjusted to the concentration of fuel in aq. solution up to 250-360%. One difference in the way is that in the second stage 0.17-0.20 % mixture of sorbitol esters and oleic acid (from final mass of emulsified fuel}. According to the proposed method, the preparation of emulsified fuel is carried out using the BentecTS surfactant composition consisting of an oil-soluble mixture of sorbitol and oleic acid esters and a water-soluble Na - salt of ethyl ethylhexyl sulfonic acid ester as an emulsifier. The quality is improved by selecting the selected surfactant and increasing (gm dispersion of water droplets and water-fuel stability, emulsions (VTE), the latter is achieved in that the process is carried out in two stages: first, an oil-water concentrated emulsion concentrate is prepared emulsified concentrate) by introducing a part liquid hormone (30, -35%) in an aqueous solution of an emulsifier through a nozzle submerged under its level at a supply pressure of, preferably, equal to 5. MPa, and then the resulting emulsified concentrate is fed into the remaining part of the fuel (65-70% and emulsified, at the same time as the feed, in a similar way at a pressure of preferably 1.0-1.5 MPa, until a given ratio of phases and water-oil emulsion is obtained. For To prepare the emulsified concentrate, an aqueous solution of 0.03-0.05% by weight of the on-salt of ethyl ethyl hexyl sulfate sulfate ester is used as the dispersion medium, and the concentration of the liquid fuel is set; During the second stage of emulsification, 0.17-0.20% by weight of the mixture of sorbitol esters and oleic acid is preliminarily introduced into the remaining part of the liquid fuel, so that after the completion of the process of preparation of the emulsified fuel, its composition characterized by a content of 10% by weight of water, 0.20-0.25% by weight of emulsifiers, and the rest (90%) by weight of liquid fuel Example: To obtain an emulsified fuel containing 10% by weight of water, a solution of 5 g of Na is prepared. salts of sulfo-succinic acid ethyl ethyl hexyl ester in 1 l itre distilled water, pumped into it under a pressure of 2 mCa diesel fuel (DL) in an amount of 2.8 (30-35%) kg through a nozzle flooded under the level of an aqueous solution at a temperature of 23 ° C and, as a result, a concentrated oil-like emulsion -water (emulsified concentrate) in the amount of 3.8 kg. The dispersion of the DL fuel droplets in the concentrate is estimated by the average diameter of 2.4-3.2 μm. Then, the resulting concentrate is fed in the same way under a pressure of 1.2 MPa into the remaining part, equal to 6.2 kg (65-70%) of diesel fuel (DL), having previously introduced 20 g of a mixture of sorbitol esters and oleic acid into it, as a result 10 kg water-oil type water-fuel emulsion suitable for combustion in an internal combustion engine. The BT emulsion contains 10 wt.% Water, 0.20-0.25 wt.% Surfactant and is characterized by the size of phase droplets over an average diameter l. 1.14 to 1.20 microns and a viscosity of 3.5 to 5.0 cSt, depending on the initial viscosity of the diesel fuel. At the same time, the viscosity of emulsified fuel on the basis of diesel summer at 10 wt.% Of water does not exceed 5 cSt at the initial discharge. DL 3.8 cSt. Concentrate without quality change may be stored at normal temperature for more than 10 days. The stability of the water-fuel emulsion (hp) in terms of aggregative stability is estimated to be more than 30 days in terms of dispersion with a drop size of 1.14-1.20 microns (no separation of the free aqueous phase is observed during this time). The proposed method also reduces the energy costs of the emulsification operation by reducing the emulsification time, which is caused only by the phase injection time in the first and second stages, for which simple equipment can be used in the injection pump and injection nozzle, and the process is continuous. In addition, the use of a 2-step emulsification allows one to obtain a more highly dispersed emulsion of water in the liquid fuel, as compared with the known method, since, in a single-stage injection, a more dense phase (s) into a less dense liquid fuel) A drop of a continuous jet of liquid for obtaining droplets of the desired order of magnitude requires a higher injection pressure than in the case of disintegration of the film of the same fluid, as is the case with the decomposition of the aqueous phase, which is preliminarily stretched into the film of droplets in the first stage mulgirovani in the known method. And finally, the use of the surfactant composition for emulsifying the fuel makes it possible to reduce the viscosity of the water-fuel emulsion: VCHRo}, to reduce the amount of VO, SX1X SUR to 0.20-0.25% and at the same time to obtain a sufficiently highly dispersed aggregatively stable emulsion: water - oil type, satisfying the requirements for combustion in internal combustion engines. Claim 1. The method of obtaining emulsified fuel for internal combustion engines by mixing liquid. hydrocarbon fuel with an emulsifier, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the fuel by obtaining a highly dispersed aggregate-resistant emulsion of water-oil type, the process is carried out in two stages, mixing 30-35% of a liquid hydrocarbon fuel with an aqueous solution into the first stage; salts of diethylhexyl ester of sulfo-succinic acid to obtain a concentrated oil-in-water emulsion, on the second, mixing 65-70% of a liquid hydrocarbon fuel with the resulting concentrated emulsion and a mixture of sorbitol esters and leinovoy acid to give e lsii water-in-oil type with a predetermined phase relationship. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that. that in the first stage a liquid, hydrocarbon fuel and aqueous solution is used, containing 0.03-0.005% Na salt of diethylhexyl sulfonic acid ester (from the final mass of the emulsified fuel 3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, about tl and h u and with the fact that in the second stage, a 0.17-0.20% mixture of esters of sorbitol and oleic acid is used (from the final mass of emulsified fuel) and the concentration of go-hydroxide in aqueous solution is adjusted to 250-300%. , taken into account during the examination 1. The author's certificate of SSS No. 295573, class B 01 F 17/00, 1971. 2.Peter Bruce. D. SAE Prep, G.,, 760547. Express information. IRD, No. 15, 1977, p. 3-8 (prototype