SU816418A1 - Device for cleaning root crops soil lumps and stones - Google Patents

Description

(54) DEVICE FOR SEPARATING ROOTS FROM SOIL COMUV AND STONES The mass, the descent of the feeding conveyor, falls on the spike surface, is distributed along it, and before it enters the action area of the brushes, it encounters Guannas. At the moment of encounter with the szhgut, the tubers, as located at a higher level, should be carried by them onto the surface of the fingers, and the stones, which are located deeper on the finger surface, being heavy bodies, are even more submerged. As a result, the difference in the level of placement of tubers should increase, and the amounts on the finger surface should increase the efficiency of the separation process. However, it is not uncommon for tubers and stones to be located at almost the same level. Depending on the installation height of the rubber tow, this can lead either to the removal to the Surface, or to even more embedding of both tubers and impurities, which is undesirable, since the efficiency of the component separation process decreases. In the first case, the proportion of impurities in the product increases. in the second part of the tubers in the lrimes'. In addition, when interacting with a component of a mixture, the harness, being elastic (the elasticity of the harness is dictated by the considerations of providing shock damping when interacting with the components), is deflected by the reaction force up or down. For example, he found a stone on the harness and from his side a force acts, it is directed towards the side of the embankment (this happens if the equator of the stone is below the height of the harness installation). In this case, the harness rises. Then it may turn out that for the tuber next to the stone, the installation height of the bundle will be more optimal and it will be recessed instead of being extruded on the nosepxkbcTb .. Closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is a device for separating the root crops from soil. and stones, which contains a finger conveyor with bans installed above it at an angle and rotating: the brush bar and the receiving grid: a grating located under the feed conveyor Cz. The grille is installed in such a way that the upper ends of the fingers in the receiving part of the finger conveyor protrude above it. The mass converging from the feed conveyor is applied to the receiving grid, and the kinetic energy of the components of the mixture is quenched. Further, the tops of the fingers, tubers and impurities are removed from the lattice and fall into the working area of the Finger conveyor. A disadvantage of the known device is the unloading of the mass on the receiving grid, leading to an uneven supply of material to the zone of action of the brush drums and, ultimately, to the poor quality of the product components. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of separation of the components of the mixture. This goal is achieved t & l, that the receiving area of the finger conveyor is set at an angle to its working area with the formation of a slide, with the installation angle of the slide being in the range of 20-6О®. FIG. I shows the diagram of the device; in fig. 2- experimental dependence of the separating ability c, on the angle of installation of the ES slide. A device for separating root crops from soil lumps and stones contains a finger conveyor I and rotating brush drums 2. Receiving. Section 3 of the finger conveyor is in the form of an inclined slide, and its working area 4 is horizontal or close to it. The device also has. A loading conveyor 5, a conveyor of 6 unloading of root and tuber crops and a conveyor of 7 unloading of impurities. The inclination angle of the slide is 20-60 to the horizon. The device works as follows. A mixture of root and tuber crops, soil lumps and stones is fed by the loading conveyor 5 and to the inclined receiving part 3. of the finger conveyor I. There is an acute angle between the direction: the movement of the bodies: the mixture and the finger surface in the area of the inclined hill. As a result, the sliders of the roller coaster have a damping effect on the falling bodies. The exclusion of the kinetic energy that the components of the mixture acquire at the time of contact with the fingers, on their penetrating ability into the interdigital space leads to the fact that the bodies are located in the region of the working zone 4 according to their density, and with such an execution

58

Porter I realizes the maximum difference in the levels of tubers and impurities, which facilitates the separation process, increasing its efficiency. Lumps of soil and stones, like bodies more

thicker than the roots and tubers, they deform the fingers more strongly and are located much lower between them. Finger conveyor I; feeds the bodies to the rotation of the brush drums 2,

which divert the roots to the conveyor 6 of their unloading, as they are located above and they are affected by a greater number of villus of the drum 2, and the lumps of soil and stones pass under

brushes on the conveyor 7 unloading of impurities.

The use of the receiving slide provides the quenching of the kinetic energy of the root and shrub fields when the latter are fed from the feeding conveyor by the elastic deflection of the fingers in the direction of the movement of the conveyor without deep penetration of the root and shallow crops into the space of the pinch space. It contributes

Increasing the difference between the levels of the location of the roots and impurities on the finger surface of the working area increases the separation quality of the components. Installing the slide at an angle within a 2O-BO is altered by experimentally established regularity. With the change in the angle of installation of the slide t O., before EO, a sharp jump in the separating ability was observed within the indicated limits of 20-60 (Fig. 2) ..

186

The use of the proposed device improves the separation quality of the mixture by approximately 1.2 times.

invented

Formula

A device for separating root crops from soil lumps and stones, comprising a finger conveyor with a receiving area and a working area over which rotating brush drums are installed, characterized in that the receiving area of the finger conveyor is set at an angle to its working zone is the formation of a hill, and the angle of the slide is within.

Sources of information taken into account in the examination

1. Petrov G. D. Potato harvesting machines. M. Mechanical Engineering, 1972. with. 257, fig. 135.

2. The patent of France No. 2093532, cl. And 01 D 17/00. l972,

3. State and prospects for the development of working bodies for the separation of tubers

 potatoes from impurities during combine harvesting. Overview information. TsNIITEIItractorselkhozmash, ser. Selskokhoz yvestnye machines, M., 1972, p. 29, fig. 14a (prototype).

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Claims (1)

Claim A device for separating root crops from soil lumps and stones, containing a finger conveyor with a <receiving section and a working area, above which rotating brush drums are installed, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of separation of the components of the mixture, the receiving section of the finger conveyor is installed at an angle to its working area with the formation of a slide, and the installation angle of the slide is within 20 ^: 60 °.