SU795883A1

SU795883A1 - Inner-cooled cutting tool

Info

Publication number: SU795883A1
Application number: SU792735459A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Виктор Павлович Зайцев
Original assignee: Zajtsev Viktor P
Priority date: 1979-03-13
Filing date: 1979-03-13
Publication date: 1981-01-15

Description

Изобретение относится к металло обработке, в частности к резцам для токарных, карусельных или строгальных станков.The invention relates to metal processing, in particular to cutters for turning, rotary or planing machines.

Известен резец с внутренним охлаж- 5 дением, включающий корпус с осевым каналом, один конец которого закрыт режущей пластиной, а другой - трубкой из теплопроводного материала. Канал с трубкой образует изолированное >0 разряженное пространство, которое частично заполнено охлаждающим агентом, например водой. Благодаря разряжению вода кипит при более низкой температуре. Она омывает режущую плас-45 тинку и частично испаряется, пар забирает тепло и переносится в отдаленную, более холодную зону в металлической трубке. Там он охлаждается, конденсируется и стекает снова к пластинке [11.A cutter with internal cooling is known, including a housing with an axial channel, one end of which is closed by a cutting plate and the other by a tube of heat-conducting material. The channel with the tube forms an isolated> 0 discharged space, which is partially filled with a cooling agent, such as water. Thanks to discharge, water boils at a lower temperature. It washes the cutting plas-45 tinka and partially evaporates, the steam takes away heat and is transferred to a distant, colder zone in the metal tube. There, it cools, condenses, and flows back to the plate [11.

Недостатки устройства - трудоемкость изготовления канала, особенно в длинных (до 400 мм) расточных резцах, направленных под углом к оси 25 корпуса резца для обеспечения стока воды к режущей пластинке, и невозможность охлаждения для наклонных или вертикальных резцов, так как в .этом случае площадь зеркала охладит-, 3Q ся, а следовательно, и площадь испарения резко сокращается, и эффективность тепловой трубки снижается.The disadvantages of the device are the complexity of manufacturing the channel, especially in long (up to 400 mm) boring cutters, directed at an angle to the axis 25 of the cutter body to ensure water flow to the cutting insert, and the inability to cool for inclined or vertical cutters, since in this case the area the mirrors will be cooled, 3Q, and, consequently, the evaporation area is sharply reduced, and the efficiency of the heat pipe is reduced.

Цель изобретения - расширение технологических возможностей применения резца с тепловой трубкой, в частности - обеспечение возможности установки резцов под любым углом.The purpose of the invention is the expansion of the technological possibilities of using a cutter with a heat pipe, in particular, providing the possibility of installing cutters at any angle.

Поставленная цель достигается тем, что соединение трубки с внутренней полостью выполнено шарнирным. При этом она подведена непосредственно к режущей пластинке, а именно к одной из боковых граней, что сокращает также трудоемкость изготовления отверстий для подвода хладоагента. Благодаря этому трубку можно оставлять в горизонтальном положении при любом изменении положения резца в простран20 стве (от горизонтального до вертикального). Также легко регулируется наклон трубки для стока охладителя. Диаметр и профиль трубки для улучшения охлаждения может быть выбран любым, независимо от сечения резца.This goal is achieved in that the connection of the tube with the internal cavity is made hinged. Moreover, it is brought directly to the cutting insert, namely to one of the side faces, which also reduces the laboriousness of making holes for supplying the refrigerant. Due to this, the tube can be left in a horizontal position for any change in the position of the cutter in space (from horizontal to vertical). The tilt of the tube to drain the cooler is also easily adjustable. The diameter and profile of the tube to improve cooling can be chosen by anyone, regardless of the cross section of the cutter.

На фиг. 1 изображен горизонтальный резец на токарном станке, с выведенной в бок и параллельной корпусу резца трубкой, общий вид^ на фиг. 2 .вид А на фиг. 1'; на фиг. 3 сече3 ние В-Б на фиг. 2,* на фиг. 4 - фронтальный вид резца; на фиг. 5 - резец вертикального или наклонного исполнен ния с шарнирно закрепленной охлаждаю^ щей трубкой, вид сбоку,’ на фиг. 6 строгальный резец с трубкой, закрепленной на задней грани корпуса резца, общий * вид .In FIG. 1 shows a horizontal cutter on a lathe, with a tube extended to the side and parallel to the cutter body, general view ^ in FIG. 2. View A in FIG. 1'; in FIG. 3 section BB in FIG. 2, * in FIG. 4 - front view of the cutter; in FIG. 5 is a vertical or inclined cutter with a pivotally mounted cooling tube, side view, ’in FIG. 6 planing cutter with a tube fixed on the rear edge of the cutter body, general * view.

Резец состоит из корпуса 1, в котором в одной из граней (сбоку или снизу) просверлено отверстие 2. Отверстие с одйой стороны закрыто режущей пластинкой 3, ас другой ~ охлаждаю-'¹щей трубкой 4 из теплопроводного материала, например из меди. Корпус выполнен под режущей пластинкой расточек для лучшего контакта с охлаж- 15 дающим агентом 5, а также для установки под пластинку 3 прокладки 6 из меди. При этом режущая пластинка 3 и прокладка 8 контактируют с корпусом по периметру, а между собой - по 20 всей площади.Cutter consists of a housing 1 in which one of the faces (side or bottom) 2. The hole drilled with odyoy closed side of the cutting plate 3, the cooling ac other ~ ^'1-boiling tube 4 of a heat conducting material such as copper. The body is made under the cutting insert of the bore for better contact with the cooling agent 5, as well as for installing copper gaskets 6 under the insert 3. In this case, the cutting insert 3 and the gasket 8 are in contact with the housing along the perimeter, and between themselves - over 20 of the entire area.

Охлаждающая трубка может быть выполнена различной формы: прямой, как на фиг. 5-, или Г-образной, как на Фиг.2. Трубка 4 и отверстие образуют __ замкнутую полость, заполненную час- “ тично охлаждающим агентом 5. Это может быть фреон или вода. В последнем случае в трубке создают небольшое разряжение, снижающее точку кипения вода. Трубка^имееТ уклон к линии го- 30 ризонта 5т10, обеспечивающий сток конденсата.The cooling tube may be of various shapes: straight, as in FIG. 5-, or L-shaped, as in FIG. 2. Tube 4 and the hole form a __ closed cavity filled partially with a cooling agent 5. This can be freon or water. In the latter case, a small vacuum is created in the tube, which reduces the boiling point of water. The pipe has a slope towards the horizontal line 5t10, providing a drain of condensate.

Резец с внутренним охлаждением работает следующим образом.The cutter with internal cooling operates as follows.

Заправленный охладителем резец устанавливают на токарный, строгальный или карусельный станок. При этом трубку устанавливают с небольшим (5-10*) наклоном к горизонту для обеспечения стока конденсата. В процессе обработки режущая пластинка 3 резко нагревается и тепло от нее передается непосредственно охлаждающему агенту 5 или ’fepea медную прокладку б. От высокой температуры охлаждающий агент 5 испаряется и в виде пара переносится по трубке 4. Там он охлаждается и конденсируется на стенках трубки 4, и по ней стекает снова в отверстие 2, и дальше - к поверхности теплообмена.The cutter filled with a cooler is installed on a turning, planing or rotary machine. In this case, the tube is installed with a small (5-10 *) inclination to the horizon to ensure the flow of condensate. During processing, the cutting insert 3 heats up sharply and heat is transferred directly from it to the cooling agent 5 or ’fepea copper gasket b. From a high temperature, the cooling agent 5 evaporates and is transported in the form of steam through the tube 4. There it is cooled and condensed on the walls of the tube 4, and then flows back into the hole 2, and then to the heat exchange surface.

Claims

The invention relates to machining: machining, in particular to chisels for turning, rotary or planing machines. A cutter with internal cooling is known, including a housing with an axial channel, one end of which is covered with a cutting plate and the other end with a tube of heat-conducting material. The tube channel forms an isolated discharged space, which is partially filled with a cooling agent, for example water. Due to the dilution, the water boils at a lower temperature. It washes the cutting plate and partially evaporates, the steam draws heat and is transferred to the remote, colder zone in the metal tube. There it is cooled, condensed, and flows back to the l3 plate. The drawbacks of the device are the laboriousness of the canal manufacture, especially in long (up to 400 mm) boring cutters, directed at an angle to the axis of the cutter body to ensure water flow to the cutting blade, and the impossibility of cooling for inclined or vertical cutters, since in this case the area cooling mirrors Tc, and hence the evaporation area, is sharply reduced, and the efficiency of the heat pipe is reduced. The purpose of the invention is to improve the technological possibilities of using a cutter with a heat pipe, in particular, to ensure that the cutters can be installed at any angle. The goal is achieved by the fact that the connection of the tube with the internal cavity is made hinged. At the same time, it is connected directly to the cutting plate, namely to one of the side faces, which also saves the laboriousness of making holes for the supply of refrigerant. Due to this, the tube can be left in a horizontal position with any change in the position of the tool in space (from horizontal to vertical). The cooler drain pipes are also easily adjustable. The diameter and profile of the tube for improving the cooling of the cuff is to be chosen by anyone, regardless of the cutter section. FIG. 1 iso horizontal bevel cutter on a lathe, with a tube extended to the side and parallel to the cutter body, a general view, in FIG. 2. Type A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 - section bb in fig. 2, in FIG. 4 - frontal view of incisor; FIG. 5 shows a vertical or inclined incisor of the VIA with a cooling tube mounted on it, side view; FIG. 6 severe cutter with a tube attached to the rear edge of the cutter body is a general view. The cutter consists of body 1, a hole is drilled into an IpCMn cat in one of the faces (side or bottom)

2. The hole on one side of the cutting plate 3, and on the other side a cooling tube 4 of heat-conducting material, copper copper. The body is made under the cutting plate of bores for direct contact with the cooling agent 5, as well as for placing a strip 6 of copper under the plate 3. In this case, the cutting plate 3 and the gasket 6 are in contact with the body along the perimeter, and among themselves - throughout the entire space. The cooling tube can be made of various shapes: straight, as in FIG. 5-, shsh l-shaped, as in figure 2. The tube 4 and the hole form a closed cavity, partially filled with cooling agent 5, It can be 4 or ali water. In the latter case, a slight discharge is created in the tube, which lowers the boiling point of water. The tube has a slope to the horizon line 5g10, providing condensate drain. The cutter with internal cooling works as follows. The cutter tucked in with a cooler is installed on a lathe planer. or carousel machine. At the same time, the tube is installed with a slight (5-10) inclination to the horizon to ensure condensate drainage. During processing, the cutting plate 3 heats up sharply and the heat from it is transferred directly to the cooling agent 5 or Theresa copper gasket b. From the high temperature, the cooling agent 5 evaporates and is transported as vapor through the tube 4. There it is cooled and condenses on the walls of the tube 4 and flows through it again into the hole 2 and further on to the heat exchange surface. Claims of the invention An internal-cooled cutter comprising a tube of heat-conducting material connected to the internal cavity of the cutter and partially filled with a refrigerant, distinguishing it with lii in that, in order to expand the technological possibilities, the connection of the tube with the internal cavity is hinged. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate 302171, cl. B 23 B 3/00, 1969.

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