SU784955A1 - Machine for cleaning and sorting seeds - Google Patents

Description

(54) MACHINE FOR CLEANING AND SORTING SEEDS

one

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering and is intended for cleaning and sorting seeds of agricultural crops according to friction properties, shape and size.

A known machine for calibrating seeds, comprising a frame with shelves mounted on it, lined with friction material, sieves mounted above the shelves and made with holes increasing along the grain movement, a reflecting screen placed above the grids and adjustable in height. , drive 1.

The disadvantage of this machine is the poor quality of cleaning due to the mutual clogging of the fractions.

The closest technical solution known from the performed function and the achieved result is a machine for cleaning and sorting seeds, comprising a housing, a loading device, a working body, made in the form of a block of successively installed strips lined with friction material

placed under them slats and pitched boards 2.

A disadvantage of the known machine is low productivity, with an increase in productivity leading to a deterioration in the quality of cleaning. To completely clean the seeds of rough impurities on this machine can only be repeated skips of each gathering of seeds, which requires additional adjustment of the operating parameters.

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The purpose of the invention is to intensify the cleaning process by cleaning the material.

This goal is achieved due to the fact that the machine is equipped with two additional blocks installed in series and executed similarly to the main one, while the shelves in each block are lined with friction material with different properties and installed with the possibility of tilt angle control.

The drawing shows a machine for cleaning and sorting seeds.

Claims (2)

The machine includes an oscillating mill 1 with three lattice-shelf units, in each of which there are friction clutches of the first inclined shelves 2,3 and 4, sieves 5,6 and 7, pitched boards 8, 9, 10 and 11, stepped screens 12, 13 and 14, receivers fractions 15-21. The lattice-shelving mill is mounted on racks 22 with compensating springs supported on frame 23. The rolling mill is oscillated by an electric motor 24 by means of a vibrating drive 25. The angle of direction of oscillations of the mill to the horizon can be adjusted by changing the position of the racks 22 relative to the frame. To supply the processed mixture to the first shelf of the preliminary separation unit, a bunker-feeder 26 is used. In each reshaper-poyochny block, the shelves are covered with different friction material and their angle of inclination to the horizon can be constant or successively increasing by a certain amount depending on the properties of the components processed mixture. The number of shelves in the unit may be different. Depending on the type of seeds being processed, the size and shape of the holes of sieves 5, 6, and 7 installed under the shelves may be different. Above the gratings 5, 7 with the aim of improving their sifting, height-adjustable, step-like screens reflectors 12, 13 and 14 are installed, the steps of which are arranged so that they ensure the falling of the reflected seeds perpendicular to the plane of the sieves. In the pre-separation unit with shelves 2, the screen-reflector 12 is located along the entire length of slit 5, and in final cleaning units with shelves 3 and 4, screens 13 and 14 are installed under the last friction shelves. Under the sieves 5, 6, and 7, pitched yokes 9, 10, and 11 are located to collect small seeds that have passed through the openings and send them to the receivers of the fractions, 15, 19, and 21, respectively. The operation of the machine is carried out as follows. The seeds to be processed go into the hopper 26 and onto the upper friction shelf 2 of the pre-separation unit, the upper vanishing of which enters the second shelf of the same block. Lower descents from the shelves 2 of the separation block, including the most complete round seeds of the main crop with a lower coefficient of friction and a certain amount of impurities, arrive on the sloped board 6 at the beginning of the sieve 5, where the fine fraction of the seed is released and on the sloped board 9 15, then from the sieve 5 - onto the block of sequentially arranged shelves 4 of the first grade. On the shelves of this block, the separation of rough impurities is carried out, which are sent from the last shelf to receiver 17. The seeds of the main crop from shelves 4 are fed to a sieve 7, where they are sorted by size. The descent and passage from the sieve 7 are received in receivers 20 and 21, respectively. Descended from the last shelf 2 separate blocks upward are flatter with greater friction coefficient seeds of the main crop and the main amount of rough impurities come to the block of friction strips 3 of the second grade, on which stand rough impurities, dead litter and feeble defective seeds of the main crop and enter the receiver 16. The seeds of the main crop that have descended down from the shelves 3 are sorted by sieve 6 and sent to receivers 18 and 19. The presence of a separating sieve-shelf unit and two sieve shelf units final cleaning and grading of seeds allows to significantly increase the productivity maschiny compared with a machine having a single unit, as for complete separation of impurities in a single unit sherehovatyh machine necessary further divided pass the upper and lower assemblies with adjustment of the working parameters. In the proposed machine, this is provided in one pass. Kai ecTBO purification is improved as the descent of seeds from the pre-separation unit undergoes additional processing. In E. THOM, as research has shown to us, 10–15 rough impurities remain. The use of different friction materials in each block and the installation of shelves at different constantly increasing angles of inclination to the horizon allows for high-quality cleaning and sorting of seed mixtures of different composition and properties. Installation above the sieves of stepped reflector screens significantly improves the screening of the sieves, which improves the quality of sorting seeds by size. This machine, compared with the known ones, allows to significantly increase the productivity of cleaning and sorting seeds while improving their quality. Claims 1. A machine for cleaning and sorting seeds, comprising a housing, a loading device, a working member, made in the form of a block of successively installed shelves lined with friction material with sieves and pitched boards placed under them, in order to intensify the cleaning process through the cleaning of the material, the machine is equipped with two additional blocks installed in series and executed similarly to the main one. 2. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the regiment in each block is lined with friction material with different properties and installed with the possibility of adjusting the angle of inclination. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. Author's certificate of the USSR 467770, cl. At 07: 13/00., 1973. 2. Authors certificate of the USSR 465230, cl. B 07 B 13/00, 1973.