SU772583A1 - Apparatus for treating plastic material wastes - Google Patents

Description

(54) DEVICE FOR PROCESSING WASTE OF PLASTICS

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The invention relates to the processing of waste from plastics, in particular films, sheets up to 2 mm thick, blow molding products, foams, etc., and can be used in enterprises processing plastics and their waste.

A device for recycling plastic waste containing a vertical cylindrical container with a lid and openings for loading and unloading material is known. In the lower part of the vessel there is a chopper rotating around its axis, made in the form of a shaft, on which the blades with cutting elements on the ends are rigidly fixed. On the inner wall of the vessel there are rigidly fixed cutting elements and, lighter than rotating blades, one or several deviating planes (reflectors).

The device is designed to carry out in it a full cycle of waste processing, consisting of grinding, washing, pressing, drying and agglomeration 1.m

The disadvantage of this device is poor compaction of the processed material at the stages of washing, pressing and drying, which leads to large fluctuations of power consumption at various stages of the process (from 100 to 30% installed) and, consequently, low productivity of the process.

The closest technical solution to the known is a device for recycling plastic waste containing a vertical cylindrical container with a lid and openings for loading and unloading material. In the lower part of the tank, there is a chopper rotating around its axis, made in the form of a shaft, on which the blades are rigidly fixed with cutting elements at the ends. The reflectors are mounted on the inner wall of the container movably on the axis with the possibility of rotation around this axis 2.

However, the design of this device does not allow for adjusting the compaction of the processed material and the power consumption at all stages of the process, which leads to a decrease in the productivity of the process as a whole.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the productivity of the process by adjusting the compaction of the material being processed and the power consumption during all stages of the process.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known device, which contains a vertical cylindrical tank with a lid and openings for loading and unloading material, a chopper rotating around its axis in the lower part of the tank is made in the form of a shaft with blades rigidly fixed on it at the ends and with the ability to move the reflector, the latter is mounted on the rods of hydraulic cylinders attached to the lid of the container, and made in the form of a ring having the ability to move in the axial direction.

The drawing shows a device for recycling plastics.

The device consists of a welded bed 1 on which a cylindrical container 2 with a lid 3, a loading opening 4 and an unloading opening 5 is installed. In the lower part of the container there is a substation 6 and a rotating grinder, made in the form of a shaft 7 with blades fixed on it with cutting elements 9 at the ends. Hydraulic cylinders 10 with rods I. are fixed on the lid 3. Reflector 12 is made in the form of a ring (an element of a hollow torus) mounted on rods 11 of hydraulic cylinders 10. The drive-shredder is carried out from the electric motor via a V-belt transmission 13.

The device works as follows.

The material is in the form of contaminated film sheets, sheet pieces, etc. is loaded through the opening 4 into the container 2. At the same time, the reflector 12 is in the extreme upper position (in the drawing it is indicated by the sketch lines) and does not displace the loading. During loading, the material begins to be crushed by the cutting elements 9 and, when water is supplied, it is washed. At the end of the load, the hydraulic system of displacement of the reflector 12 is turned on. The system is controlled by the hydraulic station and provides the displacement of the reflector 12 downwards with a decrease in the load on the electric motor and upwards - with its increase. The movement is carried out automatically or at the operator’s command.

During grinding, the load on the electric motor begins to fall, while the reflector 12 drops down and, exerting pressure on the material, compacts it, causing an increase in the load on the electric motor and thereby maintaining the power consumption at a predetermined level. At the same time, the pressure exerted on the material accelerates the extraction of water and intensifies the friction between the particles. Thereby, the heat generation is increased and the material essence is accelerated.

The crushed material, which is thickened and heated to the softening temperature, is agglomerated into large lumps. The agglomeration process is accompanied by a sharp increase in power consumption. Wherein,

preventing the engine from overloading, the reflector 12 is retracted to its highest position.

Fixing the size of the agglomerate obtained is carried out by introducing a small

the amount of water to quench the material.

After evaporation of the cooling water, the discharge opening 5 opens and the agglomerate is unloaded.

The implementation of the reflector in the form of a ring

and moving in the axial direction allows the compaction of the material to be processed at this level during all stages of the process and thereby increase the productivity of the process in

1.5 times, to maintain power consumption at a given level and thereby reduce electricity consumption by 20-25%

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A device for recycling plastics waste containing a vertical cylindrical tank with a lid and holes for loading and unloading material, a chopper placed around the bottom of the tank, a chopper made around a shaft, made in the form of a shaft with blades rigidly attached to it with ends and A reflector made with the possibility of movement, characterized in that, in order to increase the productivity of the process by controlling the compaction of the material being processed and the power consumption The reflector is mounted on hydraulic cylinder rods attached to the tank cover, and is made in the form of a ring that can be moved in the axial direction. Sources of information taken into account in the examination

1. The patent of Germany No. 2432494, 0 кл. B 29 B 1/12, 1975.

2. USSR author's certificate for application No. 2572700 / 29-33, cl. In 02 C 18/44, 1978 (prototype).

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Claims (1)

Claim A device for processing plastic waste containing a vertical cylindrical container with a lid and holes for loading and unloading material, a chopper located in the lower part of the container and ^rotating around its axis, made in the form of a shaft with blades rigidly fixed on it with cutting elements at the ends and a reflector made with the possibility of movement, characterized in that, in order to increase the productivity of the process by regulating the compaction of the processed material and power consumption, the reflector is mounted on the rods of the hydraulic cylinders attached to the lid of the tank, and the weft ^{4S is not} in the form of a ring with the possibility of movement in the axial direction.