SU75723A1 - Pyrolysis reactor for methane and other hydrocarbons to acetylene - Google Patents

Description

Exceptionally harsh pyrolysis conditions prevent the widespread use of methane as a raw material for the production of acetylene: the reaction must be carried out at a temperature of 1175-1200 ° C and the reaction products (up to 400 °) must be cooled rapidly in order to avoid secondary reactions that reduce acetylene yield. In addition, due to the insufficient amount of heat released during the oxidation of methane, additional heat is required to enter the reaction zone. It is difficult not only noTOiMy, that the heat supply must be carried out at a very high temperature of the reaction zone, but mainly due to the high-speed nature of the pyrolysis process: the duration of heating should be measured in only a few thousand seconds.

The proposed reactor according to the invention makes it easy to carry out and precisely regulate this difficult technological rare.

The basic design idea is to use an injection mixer as a reaction device.

By injecting it is easy to achieve an extremely high gas mixing rate, ensuring high-speed contact of methane with oxygen, and due to the preheating of oxygen, the issue of supplying heat to the reaction zone is easily resolved.

The drawing shows a longitudinal section of the reactor in an exemplary form of its implementation. The reactor consists of a cylindrical or other shape of the combustion chamber 6, designed for high-temperature heating of oxygen directed at the reaction, and the reaction chamber 10, made in the form of an injection mixer.

The combustion chamber 6 is heated by means of a burner 2 directed along its axis. The burner is fed with the gas-oxygen (methane-oxygen) mixture supplied through pipe 1. The oxygen required for oxidation of methane is fed into the combustion chamber through pipe 3 through the annular manifold 4 and the slots 5. Heating of oxygen occurs due to its mixing with hot combustion products. Heated to the required temperature oxygen (800-1000 ° C) mixed with combustion products (Noo;

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COA) enters the prechamber 9 mixer.

Methane intended for pyrolysis, preheated to 500-600 ° C, is supplied under pressure up to two atm through pipe 7. If the pressure in the reactor is close to atmospheric, methane will flow out of nozzle 8 at a critical rate. creating a vacuum in the prechamber 9 and carrying the heated oxygen into the reaction chamber 10. The latter intensively mixes methane with oxygen and oxidative pyrolysis reaction. The mixture of gases completely ends in a channel up to 10 m long.

The reacted gas mixture through pipe JJ is removed to the quenching chamber. Furnace chamber 6, prechamber 9 and reaction chamber 10

are made of high-refractory material: dinas, magnesite, corundum.

Invention

Claims (1)

1. A reactor for the pyrolysis of methane and other hydrocarbons to acetylene with preheating oxygen at the required temperature for the reaction by burning a part of methane, is different from the fact that, in order to prevent more efficient processes and to carry out the reaction with a maximum speed, the reactor chamber connected to it for heating oxygen. 2, the reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating chamber and the injection mixer are arranged so that they form an angle between themselves. C-Ii, -, /