SU739316A1 - Method of segregating air - Google Patents
Method of segregating air Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- SU739316A1 SU739316A1 SU772521812A SU2521812A SU739316A1 SU 739316 A1 SU739316 A1 SU 739316A1 SU 772521812 A SU772521812 A SU 772521812A SU 2521812 A SU2521812 A SU 2521812A SU 739316 A1 SU739316 A1 SU 739316A1
- Authority
- SU
- USSR - Soviet Union
- Prior art keywords
- air
- temperature
- pressure
- separation
- nitrogen
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000036848 Porzana carolina Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
- F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04048—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
- F25J3/0406—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams of nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
- F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
- F25J3/04103—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression using solely hydrostatic liquid head
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04193—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions
- F25J3/04206—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions including a so-called "auxiliary vaporiser" for vaporising and producing a gaseous product
- F25J3/04212—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions including a so-called "auxiliary vaporiser" for vaporising and producing a gaseous product and simultaneously condensing vapor from a column serving as reflux within the or another column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
- F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
- F25J3/04303—Lachmann expansion, i.e. expanded into oxygen producing or low pressure column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
- F25J3/04309—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04333—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
- F25J3/04351—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04375—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc.
- F25J3/04393—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc. using multiple or multistage gas work expansion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
- F25J2250/02—Bath type boiler-condenser using thermo-siphon effect, e.g. with natural or forced circulation or pool boiling, i.e. core-in-kettle heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
- F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
- F25J2250/42—One fluid being nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
- F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
- F25J2250/50—One fluid being oxygen
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Description
Изобретение относится к криогенной технике, а именно к разделению воздуха методом низкотемпературной ректификации и может быть использовано при крупнотоннажном производстве Газообразного кислорода или обогащенного кислородом воз-5 духа для нужд металлургической или химической промышленности в тех случаях, когда продукт необходимо подавать потребителю под давлением до 3 ата.The invention relates to cryogenic technology, namely to the separation of air by low-temperature distillation and can be used in large-scale production of gaseous oxygen or oxygen-enriched air 5 for the needs of the metallurgical or chemical industry in cases where the product must be supplied to the consumer under a pressure of up to 3 atm .
Известны способы получения сжатого кислорода или обогащенного кислородом воздуха с использованием, как правило, либо компримирования газообразного продукта, поступающего из воздухораэдепительной установки под давлением, близ- ,s ким к атмосферному, либо нагнетанием с помощью насоса и последующей газификацией жидкого кислорода или обогащенной кислородом жидкости непосредственно в воздухораэдёлительнОй установке Μ . ”Known methods for the preparation of compressed oxygen or oxygen enriched air with the use of, as a rule, or compressing the product gas supplied from the pressurized vozduhoraedepitelnoy installation, which is close, s kim atmospheric or injection via the pump and the subsequent gasification of liquid oxygen or oxygen-enriched fluids directly in the air inlet installation Μ. ”
Недостатком известных способов является необходимость использования специального машинного оборудования - ки2 слрродных компрессоров или насосов жидкого кислорода.A disadvantage of the known methods is the need to use special machinery - ki2 syringe compressors or liquid oxygen pumps.
Наиболее близким к предлагаемому по технической сущности и достигаемому эффекту является способ разделения воздуха методом низкотемпературной ректификации, включающий сжатие воздуха, предварительное его разделение с выделением газообразной азотной фракции, окончательное разделение с получением жидкой кислородной фракции, гидростатическое сжатие и испарение этой фракции, а также детандерное расширение перерабатываемого воздуха с получением энергии [2].The closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved effect is a method of air separation by the method of low-temperature rectification, including air compression, preliminary separation with the release of a gaseous nitrogen fraction, the final separation to obtain a liquid oxygen fraction, hydrostatic compression and evaporation of this fraction, as well as expander expansion recyclable air to produce energy [2].
Однако способ характеризуется недостатрчнрй энергетическрй эффективнрстью, так как для обеспечения теплообмена между воздухом и кипящей под повышенным давлением кислородной фракцией давление начального сжатия всего перерабатываемого воздуха приходится устанавливать выше в колонне предварительного разделения. Кроме того, эффективность процесса разделения в целом в этом слу3 чаё снижается из-за того, что часть перерабатываемого воздуха конденсируется за счет испарения продукта, вследствие чего ухудшается питание ректификационных колонн флегмой. ! However, the method is characterized by insufficient energy efficiency, since in order to ensure heat exchange between the air and the oxygen fraction boiling under increased pressure, the initial compression pressure of all the processed air must be set higher in the preliminary separation column. In addition, the efficiency of the separation process as a whole in this case is reduced due to the fact that part of the processed air condenses due to evaporation of the product, as a result of which the power of distillation columns with reflux deteriorates. !
Цепь изобретения - снижение энерго'затрат.The chain of invention is the reduction of energy costs.
Поставленная цепь достигается тем,что испарение гидростатически сжатой кислородной фракции осуществляют путем теп. пооб'мена с азотной фракцией, которую непосредственно после выделения сжимают до давления, превышающего давление ежа- 15 тия воздуха на 1—3 кгс/смЯ а также тем, что дпя сжатия азотной фракции используют энергию ее детандерного расширения и тем, что детандерное расширение осуществляют на двух температурных уровнях с охлаждением потока газа, расширенного на верхнем температурном уровне, путем теплообмена с потоком газа, направляемым для расширения на нижнем температурном уровне, а именно азотной фракцией.The circuit is achieved in that the evaporation of the hydrostatically compressed oxygen fraction is carried out by heat. poob'mena nitric fraction, which directly after the separation is compressed to a pressure exceeding the pressure of the air 15 ezha- ment at 1-3 kgf / smYa and in that the nitric DPJ compression energy of its fractions used expander to expand and in that the expander expansion occurs at two temperature levels with cooling of the gas stream expanded at the upper temperature level, by heat exchange with the gas stream directed for expansion at the lower temperature level, namely the nitrogen fraction.
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На чертеже приведена схема воздухоразделительной установки.The drawing shows a diagram of an air separation unit.
Весь поток перерабатываемого воздуха (В) .сжимается в основном компрессоре 1 до давления 6,0 кгс/см2, Примерно равного давлению, необходимому для осуществления разделительного процесса. После сжатия поток воздуха; при температуре 300 К поступает в jfaen 2 теплообмена и очистки, где охлаждается до 100 К и очищается от вымерзающих примесей в процессе теплообмена с нагревающими до 298 К газообразными продуктами разделения - кислородом (К) и азотом (А). По· ток воздуха вводится в нижнюю ректификационную колонну 3( колонну предварительного разделения), работающую при давлении 5,5 кгс/см2, близком к давлению сжатия воздуха в основном компрес. соре. Получаемые в этой колонне продукты - азотная флегма и кубовая жидкость дросселируются в верхнюю ректификационную колонну 4 (колонну окончательного разделения), где поддерживается давление 1,4 кгс/см2, близкое к атмосферному. Конденсатор нижней колонны 5 служит испарителем верхней колонны. Нижний продукт колонны окончательного разделения жидкая кислородная фракция - под гидростатическим напоромThe entire stream of processed air (B) is compressed in the main compressor 1 to a pressure of 6.0 kgf / cm 2 , approximately equal to the pressure required for the separation process. After compression, the air flow; at a temperature of 300 K, heat transfer and purification enters jfaen 2, where it is cooled to 100 K and purified from freezing impurities during heat exchange with gaseous separation products - oxygen (K) and nitrogen (A) - heating up to 298 K. An air flow is introduced into the lower distillation column 3 (preliminary separation column) operating at a pressure of 5.5 kgf / cm2 close to the air compression pressure in the main compressor. sora. The products obtained in this column — nitrogen reflux and bottoms liquid — are throttled to the upper distillation column 4 (final separation column), where a pressure of 1.4 kgf / cm2 is maintained close to atmospheric. The condenser of the lower column 5 serves as the evaporator of the upper column. The bottom product of the final separation column is the liquid oxygen fraction - under hydrostatic pressure
Тж (KrS^444° Λς> * Krc ιTJ (KrS ^ 444 ° Λς > * Krc ι
739316 4 где - удельный вес жидкости, Уровни жидкости в аппаратах 4 и 6, подается отсюда в продукционный испаритель 6; В испарителе под соответствующим этому напору давлением S 4,4 +-0^2,¾ (кгс/см^, где “ давление в испарителе, Рк давление в колонне 4, - происходит испарение жидкости за счет , теплообмена с потоком получаемого, в нижней колонне дополнительно сжатого газообразного азота, который при этом охлаждается и конденсируется. Сконденсировавшийся в продукционном испарителе жидкий азот вводится в колонну предварительного разделения.739316 4 where is the specific gravity of the liquid, Liquid levels in apparatuses 4 and 6 are supplied from here to the production evaporator 6; In the evaporator, under the pressure corresponding to this pressure, S 4.4 + -0 ^ 2, кг (kgf / cm ^, where “pressure in the evaporator, Р к pressure in the column 4, - the liquid evaporates due to heat exchange with the flow obtained in the lower column of additionally compressed gaseous nitrogen, which is then cooled and condensed. Liquid nitrogen condensed in the production evaporator is introduced into the pre-separation column.
Часть воздуха около 10%, поступающего в колонну предварительного разделения, после подогрева в узле теплообмена до 175 К расширяется от 5,6 ата до 1,3 ата в детандере 7 с отдачей ’внешней’работы, после чего вводится в колонну окончательного разделения.Part of the air about 10% entering the pre-separation column, after heating in the heat exchange unit to 175 K, expands from 5.6 ata to 1.3 ata in expander 7 with the return of the “external” work, after which it is introduced into the final separation column.
Испарившаяся йод повышенным давлением 2,3 кгс/см*2 в продукционном испарителе 6 кислородная фракция выводится из установки через узел теплообмена потребителям. Дополнительное сжатие с 5,5 до 8,2 кгс/см2 части газообразного азота, используемой для испарения жидкого кислорода или обогащенной кислородом жидкости, осуществляется при. низкой температуре (95 К). Детандерное расширение проводится на двух температурных уровнях 175 К и 120 К с подогревом от 95 К до 120 К в теплообменнике 8 газа,- поступающего при этой' температуре и давлении 5,5 кгс/см^ и дополнительный низкотемпературный детандер 9, за счет теплообмена с охлаждающимся при этом со 125 К до 100 К. потоком газа, расширенного’ на верхнем температурном уровне в детандере 7. ’ Часть, примерно половина, энергии детандерного расширения может использоваться для привода дополнительного компрес„ сора 10, в котором осуществляется до- t полнительное сжатие от 5,5 до 8,2 кгс/см части газоборазного азота (26% от количества перерабатываемого воздуха) один из двух детандеров (в приведенном примере - низкотемпературный) по существу не производит холода, а служит трубопроводом дополнительного компрес- . сора. Подобное построение хоподопроизво30 при получении технического кислорода по предлагаемому способу, суммарный расход энергии уменьшается на 5-6% по сравнению с известными способами.Evaporated iodine with an increased pressure of 2.3 kgf / cm * 2 in the production evaporator 6, the oxygen fraction is removed from the installation through the heat exchange unit to consumers. Additional compression from 5.5 to 8.2 kgf / cm 2 part of gaseous nitrogen used to evaporate liquid oxygen or oxygen-enriched liquid is carried out at. low temperature (95 K). Expander expansion is carried out at two temperature levels of 175 K and 120 K with heating from 95 K to 120 K in the heat exchanger 8 of the gas entering at this temperature and pressure of 5.5 kgf / cm ^ and an additional low-temperature expander 9, due to heat exchange with wherein a cooling from 125 K to 100 K. The gas stream expanded 'at the upper temperature level in the expander 7.' portion, approximately half, of expander expansion energy can be used to drive additional kompres "litter 10 in which the pre- compression additionally t from 5.5 up to 8.2 kgf / cm of a part of gaseous nitrogen (26% of the amount of processed air), one of the two expanders (in the given example, low-temperature) essentially does not produce cold, but serves as an additional compression pipeline. litter. A similar construction hodoproizvodit30 upon receipt of technical oxygen by the proposed method, the total energy consumption is reduced by 5-6% compared with known methods.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SU772521812A SU739316A1 (en) | 1977-08-22 | 1977-08-22 | Method of segregating air |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SU772521812A SU739316A1 (en) | 1977-08-22 | 1977-08-22 | Method of segregating air |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SU739316A1 true SU739316A1 (en) | 1980-06-05 |
Family
ID=20723887
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SU772521812A SU739316A1 (en) | 1977-08-22 | 1977-08-22 | Method of segregating air |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| SU (1) | SU739316A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5222365A (en) * | 1992-02-24 | 1993-06-29 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Cryogenic rectification system for producing high pressure nitrogen product |
| EP0562893B2 (en) † | 1992-03-24 | 2000-12-20 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Process for the production of high pressure nitrogen and oxygen |
| RU2522132C2 (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2014-07-10 | Ооо "Зиф" | Air separation method |
| RU2641766C2 (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2018-01-22 | Линде Акциенгезелльшафт | Method of low-temperature separation of air in plant for air separation and plant for air separation |
-
1977
- 1977-08-22 SU SU772521812A patent/SU739316A1/en active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5222365A (en) * | 1992-02-24 | 1993-06-29 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Cryogenic rectification system for producing high pressure nitrogen product |
| EP0562893B2 (en) † | 1992-03-24 | 2000-12-20 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Process for the production of high pressure nitrogen and oxygen |
| RU2522132C2 (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2014-07-10 | Ооо "Зиф" | Air separation method |
| RU2641766C2 (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2018-01-22 | Линде Акциенгезелльшафт | Method of low-temperature separation of air in plant for air separation and plant for air separation |
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