SU639994A1 - Hydraulic hammer - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the construction, in particular to hydraulic hammers for piling, tongue, pipes, leaders and other similar elements.

The hydraulic hammer is known, which includes a housing, a shock part installed in guides, a working-cylinder with a hollow plunger placed in it, a switchgear, a hydraulic accumulator located in the housing, a pressure and drain lines.

However, such a hammer has a complex structure and is not efficient enough in operation.

Hydraulic hammer is also known, which contains guide rods, a shock part with a hydraulic accumulator installed in them, power cylinders with main and additional plungers, working and buffer cavities, a distribution device, a pump, a pressure and drain lines, and the diameter of the additional piston is less than the diameter of the internal cavity main plunger 2.

However, the presence in the hammer of the main plungers and additional, their mutual movement with seals reduces the service life of the hammer, especially due to the fact that the plungers in it do not retract into the impact part before the impact, and the impact

it is applied first with plungers, and then with the impact part, which accelerates their breakdown. In the hammer, the strike part after acceleration flies upwards by the amount necessary so that, when it falls free at the moment of impact, it obtains the desired speed, therefore the hammer has a considerable height, which in turn increases the dead

weight of the hammer and reduces the frequency of impacts. . . f

The purpose of the invention is to simplify co-operation, increase reliability and increase the frequency of shocks with the same impact energy.

This is achieved by the fact that in a hydraulic hammer, including guide rods, an impact unit with a hydraulic accumulator installed in them, power cylinders from a plunger, operating and buffer cavities, switchgear, pump, pressure and discharge lines, plungers are fixed in the middle part guide rods, passed through sy.povye cylinders, the buffer cavities of which are connected by channels formed in the striking part, with the hydraulic accumulator and with the pump, and the workers - among themselves and with the distribution device.

The drawing schematically shows the proposed hammer. The hydraulic hammer has a shock part I moving along guide shchtangs 2, the sleeves of which are connected from above by upper head beam 3 and from below - lower head beam 4. On both rods 2 in the middle there are plungers 5, which divide the power cylinders 6 placed in the impact part 1 on the two upper rod end cavities 7 and the two lower buffer cavities 8. The cavities 7 are interconnected by a channel 9 in the Zdarny part 1. The cavities 8 are connected by channels 10 through slots // in the power cylinders 6 with the shock accumulator 12, and connected by pic It is connected with the pump 13 through the chaff slots 14, through the internal cavity of the rod 2 and the oil pipe 15. The cavities 7 are connected by a spool distributor 16, then to the drain through the chafing slits 17, the internal cavity of the rod 2 and the drain line 13, then by the pump 13 and the accumulator 12 through the annular gap 17, the internal cavity of the bar 2, the oil pipe 15, the internal cavity of the second valve 2, the thorax gap 14 of the cavity 8, the gap // in the working cylinder 6, channel 10. The hydraulic hammer rests on its lower head plate 4 and the hammer part pile 19 h Through a wooden pod 20 and headgear 21. Hydraulic hammer works as follows. When the pump 13 is turned on, the pressurized fluid enters the charging of the hydroaccumulator 12 through the oil pipe 15, the internal cavity of the shank 2, the chaff gap 14, the cavity 8, the slot 11 i channel 10. The hydraulic accumulator 12 is charged, and the liquid pressure rises at the end of the charge At a certain pressure, the valve 16 connects and connects the pressure line of the pump 13 and the hydroaccumulator 12 to the cavities 7 of the working cylinders 6 through the channels 10, slots //, cavities 8, crush gaps 14, the internal cavity of the rod 2, the discharge line 15, the internal the cavity of the rod 2, above piston gaps 17. The rod cavities 7 and S are under pressure from the fluid of the pump 13 and the hydroaccumulator 12, but since the areas of the cavities 7 are larger than the areas of the cavities 8, the striking part will accelerate upward, and the liquid from the lower cavities 8 will flow into the pressure line of the hydroaccumulator 12. The hydroaccumulator 12 is discharged, the pressure is applied. At the end of the discharge of the hydroaccumulator 12 at a certain pressure, the spool valve 16 switches and connects the cavities 7 to the drain through the channel 9, needles 17, the internal cavity of the schtangn 2, and then the main drain 18. The cavities 8 remain connected to the pressure of the pump 13 and the hydroaccumulator 12 through the slit 11, the channels 10, the pressure line 15, the internal cavity of the schtangn 2 and the slits 14. Under the action of fluid pressure in the cavity 8, the shock part will decelerate and then accelerate down, and strike the pile 19 through the gasket 20 and the cap 21. In the future, the operation of the hydraulic hammer is repeated. Using shtokhokov cavities working cylinders as buffers reduces the stroke of the shock, increases the frequency of impacts and the performance of the hammer. Formula of the invention of the Hydrohammer, including guide pins, installed in them a shock part with accumulators, power cylinders with plungers, working and buffer cavities, switchgear, pump, pressure and drain lines, are distinguished by the fact that simplifying the design, increasing reliability and increasing the frequency of shocks with the same impact energy; the plungers are fixed in the middle part of the guide shthang passed through power cylinders, the buffer cavities of which are connected by channels formed in real part, with hydroaccumulator and pump, and the workers - among themselves and with the distribution device. Sources of information taken into account during the examination: 1. USSR author's certificate Yao 248552, cl. E 02 d, 7/10, 1967. 2. Forward Luo 2095618 / 29-33, cl. E 02 d 7/10, 1975, according to which the decision to issue an author's certificate was made.